T. imbrek skripta iz agrarne ekonomike i

KAZALO

I UVOD...............................................................................................................................................................................................1

PRVI DIO UVOD, NASTAVNI PROGRAM I LITERATURA ................................................................................................3 1. O nazivu predmeta .............................................................................................................................................................................................5 2. Definicija ekonomije/ekonomike......................................................................................................................................................................5 3. Makroekonomika - Mikroekonomika..............................................................................................................................................................7 4. Definicija agronomije ........................................................................................................................................................................................7 5. Definicija poljoprivredne ekonomike...............................................................................................................................................................7 6. Metode ................................................................................................................................................................................................................8

a) Promatranje (opservacija).......................................................................................................................................................................9 b) Ekonomska analiza.................................................................................................................................................................................9 c) Statistika analiza....................................................................................................................................................................................9 d) Pokusi (eksperimenti).......................................................................................................................................................................... 10

7. Postupak u znanstvenom istraivanju ........................................................................................................................................................... 10 8. Izvori podataka................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 9. Stupice u ekonomskom rezoniranju.............................................................................................................................................................. 11

(1) Drati ostale stvari istim odnosno nepromjenjivim - ceteris paribus. ........................................................................................ 11 (2) Post-Hoc greka (Post-hoc ergo proper hoc - Poslije ovoga, dakle zbog ovog)................................................................... 12 (3) Varka (greka) kompozicije............................................................................................................................................................... 12 (4) Subjektivnost ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 13

10. Nesigurnost u ekonomskom ivotu i korist od ekonomike....................................................................................................................... 13 11. Pozitivna i normativna ekonomika.............................................................................................................................................................. 14 12. Ekonomika i drava...................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 13. Ekonomski proces i ciljevi ........................................................................................................................................................................... 15

DRUGI DIO TEMELJNI PROBLEMI EKONOMSKE ORGANIZACIJE........................................................................ 23

A. PROBLEMI EKONOMSKE ORGANIZACIJE..................................................................................................................... 25 Osnovni pojmovi................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 Inputi i Outputi .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Proizvodni initelji na primjeru razvijenih zapadnih zemalja......................................................................................................................... 27

Zemljite ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Vrijednost zemljita i rente...................................................................................................................................................................... 28 Pojam granine poljoprivredne proizvodnje.......................................................................................................................................... 28 Zemljovasnitvo i zemljozakup .............................................................................................................................................................. 29 Zakup ili vlasnitvo .................................................................................................................................................................................. 29 Ureenje zakupa....................................................................................................................................................................................... 29

Rad.................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 Kapital............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32

Znaenje kapitala...................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 Financijske ustanove................................................................................................................................................................................ 32 Duina kredita........................................................................................................................................................................................... 33

Upravljanje....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34 Alternativni ekonomski sustavi.......................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Zakon o nestaici ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 36 Ograniena dobra ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 36 Neograniene elje .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 37

skripta iz agrarne ekonomike T. imbrek ii

B. TEHNOLOKE MOGUNOSTI DRUTVA........................................................................................................................ 38 Granica proizvodnih mogunosti (GPM) daje definiciju oskudnosti. ............................................................................................................38 Oskudnost (nestaica) ..........................................................................................................................................................................................38 Uinkovitost Efikasnost....................................................................................................................................................................................40 Nerabljeni resursi i neuinkovitost-neefikasnost...............................................................................................................................................41

Oportunitetni troak ili troak mogunosti......................................................................................................................................