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SkyNet SkyNet Security Security SystemSystem

Joe SchartmanJoe Schartmanjoesch@scallinuxsystems.comjoesch@scallinuxsystems.com

12-07-0812-07-08

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Executive Summary

• Network Security System using Camera, Radar, and Ground Sensors

• Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Customer

• Stakeholders include:– DHS Contractors– DHS Border Agents

– Cyberdine Systems Development Team– Location Law Enforcement– Local Government Officials

• Base stations (BS) for Computer Networks • Sensor Towers• Sensor Networks joining Area BS and Towers

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SBINet Sensor Network Overview

• Ad hoc network (self-organized)• Environment-to-person colaboration communication• Nodes:

– Large Number (100-1000s)– Sensing Capabilities include Radar, Camera, Ground– Communication, Processing, Memory Capabilities– Comprehensive Situational Awareness

• Base station - BS– Common Operating Picture (COP) Stations

– Command Controller (C2)– Mobile and Stationary COPs

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SBINet Sensor Network Connections

•sensor•aggregator•relay

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SBINet Sensor Network Applications

Possible tasks:• Data Gathering:

– seismic– acoustic– intelligence

• Monitoring:– Climate– Equipment– Movement– Security Areas

Possible users:- Authorities

-Disaster prevention- Security monitoring- Contraband Smuggling- Law enforcement

- Scientific community • Create or validate models

- Private (home automation)- Vacation Monitoring - Remote Controlling

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SBINet Network Design Issues

• Power efficiency– Node life-time– Network life-time

• Localization– Range based (Time Of Flight, RSSI etc.)– Range free (based on anchors with known positions and hop

count)– GPS, JTRS, and P25 Radios integrated with C2 Controllers– Tower Based Radar and Camera sensorss

• Security– Secure Positioning, User Authentication, PKI Key Encroption– Data Validation with Role Based Priviledges

• Packaging– Strong environmental constraints depending on the

application

• Data Processing

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Risk Mitigations

• Financial, Operational, and Schedule

• Prototype System using Sensor Simulations– Reduces Protype Sensor Hardware Costs– Validates System Interfaces for Next

Spiral– Reduces Development Schedule Time– Re-use prior system service orientated

software (SOA) services• Use Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) process to

track requirement changes

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Contract Risk Reduction

– Cost Plus Award Fee (CPAF) contract • a base amount fixed at inception of the contract• an award amount that maybe earned in whole or in part during

performance.

– The DHS decided on a CPAF contract to provide motivation for excellence in the areas including quality, timeliness, technical ingenuity, and cost effective management

– Use virtual teams at different contractor location• System Engineering at Huntsville, AL• Software development at Mesa, AZ• System Testing at Huntington Beach CA

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A platform for area monitoring sensors

• Made by Crossbow

Technology Inc

• Designed for sensor

networks

• Atmel ATMega128 processor

• Chipcon CC1000 radio

• Runs TinyOS from its Flash

Memory

• 51-pin connector to interface itself

• Add-on sensor boards provide

sensing for Temperature, Humidity,

etc.5

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The Operating System: Linux

• Open source real-time OS with outstanding securiity features

• Libraries includes network protocols & distributed services

• Support for Service Orientated Architecture (SOA)

• Powerful and flexible OS with large community support

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Service Orientated Architecture (SOA)

Command and Control (C2) Services

Human Machine Interface

Middleware

Operating System

• Provides user interface framework in support of C3I service and computer-controlled device interaction

• Provides user interface framework in support of C3I service and computer-controlled device interaction

• Provides a set of C3I domain specific services and interfaces• Provide generalized cross domain services that are used by a number of components • Defines workflow control between services

• Provides a set of C3I domain specific services and interfaces• Provide generalized cross domain services that are used by a number of components • Defines workflow control between services

• Supports service data exchange on distributed computing platforms• Provides common service framework, workflow control, system interoperability, and OS

abstraction.

• Supports service data exchange on distributed computing platforms• Provides common service framework, workflow control, system interoperability, and OS

abstraction.

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Design Challenges

• Test the relevance of the ad-hoc sensor networks model in a concrete application

• Assess the use of environment-to-person ICTs in developing countries

• Challenge the ad-hoc networking com-munity’s assumptions on environmental monitoring

• Raise and address new technical challenges based on a concrete implementation

Social SciencesSocial Sciences

ICTSICTS EnvironmentalEnvironmentalSciencesSciences

FieldField

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An heterogeneous sensor network

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System characteristics

• Self-organizing network of heterogeneous wireless sensor-nodes (ease of deployment, non-intrusiveness)

• Self-powered and autonomous• Nodes communicate in a multihop fashion• Low data-rate• Dynamic scalability• Node failure detection• Internet-connectivity

SkyNet Top Level Schedule

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Project deliverables

• Environmental monitoring sensor network• User requirements for environmental

monitoring in rural developing area• Study on relevance of sensor networks for

environmental monitoring (focused on security monitoring)

• Impact assessment• Business plan and deployment scenario

(replicable and scalable)

• Project Archive: http://www.scallinuxsystems.com/SkyNet