Slave society (Rome/Roman Italy; Athens)

Social death/socially dead

Slave class consciousness

Unfree labour

Debt slavery Serfdom/Helotage Chattel slavery

Ancient terms

Greece and Greek colonies

Image source

Debt slavery and Athens: Solon (early 6th century) and the hektemorai

Twelve Tables (450s BCE) and debt slavery in Rome

- Nexum a- Servi poenae

- ‘beyond the Tiber’

Serfdom in Greece : Helots and Sparta

Serfdom in ‘Greece’: Heraclea Pontica and the Mariandynians

Serfdom in ‘Greece’: Penestai, Thessaly

Chios: the so-called home of chattel slavery

Some essential Greek and Roman terms

Dmos

doulos/doula

oiketes, oikosgenes,

therapon

Somata

prostrates

Roman terms

Ingenuus/Ingenua

Servus/Serva

“Servi are so called because generals have a custom of selling their prisoners and thereby preserving rather than killing them; and indeed they are said to be manicipia because they are captives in the hand (manus) of their enemies” (Digest 1.5-12)

Verna

Libertus/Liberta

Coloni/colonate

Res