Moira Inghilleri:National Sovereignty Vs. Universal Rights

byFira Nursya’baniKunto Adhi PrasetyaRiestia HandayaniTantra Afianto

Interpreting Justice in Global Context

Critiquing Translation and Interpretation

Highlight for today IntroductionFormation of the nation-stateGlobalization, the nation-state and the

management of migrationMigration and the politics belongingPolitical asylum, universal human rights

and the ‘trans-national’The interpreted encounter: transnational

iteration or authorized discourse?

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Introduction

Position of interpreters within regimes that rely on dichotomies such as insider/outsider, national/universal, and open/closed borders, focusing specifically on exclusionary policies aimed at asylum seekers.

The extent to which communicative rights granted to or claimed by interpreters and translators in this context reflect the politics of belonging that informs current immigration policies and practices.

Continued...

Participants in the political asylum adjudication system are described as ‘the roughest of rough games’. It means that they have no clear understanding of the role that is or should be played by the interpreter.

The objective norms of interpreting can be perceived as either a hindrance to this aim or as enabling its fulfillment.

Continued Global relations create and attempt to sustain

hybrid economic social and political networks that inevitably involve some form of ongoing linguistic or cultural ‘translation’ to ensure their function.

Literature wealth on the subject of globalization from a range of disciplinary perspectives – political philosophy, international relations and migration studies. Each of which directly or indirectly considers the effects of global mobility on local, national and transnational constructions of identity and belonging.

Within translation studies, global processes of communication are the center of analysis of cultural and linguistic textual representations.

Formation of the nation-state

Functioned in juridical termsModern state was defined in

relation to and as response to questions of international order and responsibility.

Globalization, the nation-state and the management of migration

The issue of migration has emerged as central to questions of mobility and membership in the present global order

Migration is acknowledged to be an inevitable consequence of the establishment of global economic networks

Motivation for current migration to and between countries have tended to be falsely portrayed

First, most asylum seekers are willing and able to contribute to the economic and social life of the receiving country.

Secondly, it is difficult to make a distinction between ‘ refugee’ and ‘economic migrants’

Thirdly, during times of economic boom, policies toward all immigrants have been more accommodating.

The migration ‘crisis’, attributed to the rising numbers of people seeking asylum world wide since the 1980s, has just justified stricter controls at the borders of receiving countries.

Migration and the politics of belonging

Contemporary debates originating from western liberal democracies over migration, citizenship, and belonging have predominated in countries with well-established histories of migration

The issue of asylum occupies a distinct position within the debates as refugees and asylum seekers are normally perceived primarily in terms of their potential to be returned or contained.

A relationship between the control of migration and the maintenance of cultural cohesion in the context of a sovereign state.

Political asylum, universal human rights and the ‘trans-national’

Transnational norms and discourse of human rights erode the boundaries of nation-state.

Interpretation of human rights must be considered as the concrete historical tradition and practice of given society, but in some cases it must be ‘context-trancending’

Continued...

Bordieu stated that the efficacy of speech derives not from language but from the institutional conditions.

Language which has no prior authorisation cannot participate equally in the type of transnational democratic iteration

The interpreted encounter: transnational iteration or authorized

discourse? Acts of interpreting and translation are

instantiations of language attempting to function in a context

Interpreters make clients as conversational partners

Interpreters contribute to make asylum seekers to be heard

In asylum event, there is a context of national cultures and identities

Interpreters involved in this process do not come from nowhere

Uncertainty and InconsistencyDifferent approaches to trainingConflicting perceptions and

expectations