slide gempa bumi

5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi

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EARTHQUAKE/GEMPABUMI

(dan tsunami)

Subagyo PramumijoyoLaboratorium Geologi Dinamik, Jurusan Teknik Geologi FT UGM

E-mail: [email protected]


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X

Z

Y

PARTS OF OUR GLOBE


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SEISMIC WAVES

Hypocentrum

Primary /

Longitudinal wave

Secondary /

Transversal wave

Hypocentrum

Shadow zones


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Distribution of EQ EpicentrumMb>4, Periode 1961-1967


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PLATES BOUNDARIES


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Convergent plate boundary


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ACTIVE dynamic Factor : PASSIVE dynamic Factor :1. Gravitation2. Climate3. Biologic action

4. ACTIVE TECTONICS

5. Lithology6. Geologic structure7. Position on surface

(Campy & Macaire, 1989)


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SOIL FORMATION AND SEDIMENT

TRANSPORTATION

(Campy & Macaire, 1989)


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USGS


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TYPE OF EQ WAVES


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P wave


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S wave


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R wave


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L wave


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PRINSIPLE of SEISMOGRAPH


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Sumber :

Bumi-Pustaka Alam LIFE

1979


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Sumber :Bumi-Pustaka Alam LIFE, 1979


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TYPES OF FAULTS

Normal fault Reverse fault

Strike-slip fault

Dextral strike-slip fault Sinistral ss fault


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FAULTING AND EQ


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Modified Mercalli Scale of Earthquake Intensity

IV Felt indoors during the day by many people. Windows, dishes, and doors rattle,

glassware and crockery clink and clash.

V Felt indoors by nearly everyone. Frightens many, some run outdoors. Some

broken dishes, glassware, and windows. Minor cracking of plaster. Moves small

objects, spill liquids, ring small bells, and sways tall objects.

VI Felt by all, many frightened and run outdoors. Dishes, glassware, and windows

break in considerable quantities. Book and pictures fall. Furniture moves oroverturns. Weak plaster walls and some brick walls crack. Damage is slight.

VII Frightens all, difficult to stand. Damage slight to moderate in well-built

ordinary buildings. Numerous windows and chimneys break. Small landslides

occur. Waves on ponds, water becomes turbid.

VIII Fright is general. Disturbs drivers of automobiles. Heavy furniture overturns.Damage considerable in ordinary substantial building, partial collapses. Most walls,

chimneys, towers, and monuments fall. Well water levels change. Cracks appear.

IX General panic. Damage considerable in masonry structures. Ground cracks

conspicuously. Underground pipes break. Liquefactions occur in soft sediment areas.


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YOGYAKARTA EQ

2006


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GEOLOGIC MAP OF

YOGYAKARTA AND

SUROUNDING


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GEOLOGICAL MAP OF SOUTHERN YOGYAKARTA


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SURFACE WAVE AMPLIFICATION


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SURFACE WAVE AMPLIFICATION


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Liquefaction

Landslide at Cermai Cave


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Landslide at Cermai Cave

LANDSLIDE AT SENGIR VILLAGE


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TSUNAMI

Shallow EQ at the bottom of sea, lake

Magnitude > 6

Vertical movement

Tsunami hazard map of Indonesia


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H t i f d?


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How tsunami formed?

Indo-Australian plate

Eurasian plate

CIAMIS - CILACAP

TEKNIK GEOLOGI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UGM


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CIAMIS - CILACAP

Eurasian plate




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Rising up wave

CIAMIS - CILACAP

Eurasian plate




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Tsunami

CIAMIS - CILACAP

Eurasian plate




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TSUNAMI ACEH

2004


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Tsunami wave simulation

10 minutes after main shock
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/PRAMUMIJOYO/My%20Documents/AcehTsunami-2.gifhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/PRAMUMIJOYO/My%20Documents/AcehTsunami-2.gifhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/PRAMUMIJOYO/My%20Documents/AcehTsunami-2.gif


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BANDA ACEH

and

Sourounding

Area

Source: Digital Globe


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BANDA ACEH City Area


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y


BANDA ACEH CITY


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BANDA ACEH CITY


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W part of BANDA ACEH City


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p y


W part of BANDA ACEH City


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p y


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CAN WE PREDICT EQ ?

Java Earthquake Potential


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On land earthquakes 1600-1921 (Dr. Visser, 1922)

Jogyakarta earthquake (1867)

SUMARY OF JAVA EARTHQUAKE 1840 2005


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SUMARY OF JAVA EARTHQUAKE 18402005(Newcomb and McCann, 1987)

1994 (Pancer) M 7.4


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Next?2000

2007

2007


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MITIGATION AND PREPARDNESS


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ANXIETYTRAUMA..

NEED OF PUBLIC HEALING .


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How to survive an earthquake


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How to survive an earthquake

Stay under strong objects, like desk or cars. Get down beside a large bulky object.

If you are in bed, roll off it near the bottom of the

bed.

If in a car, get out and lie next to the vehicle.

Never go to stairs.

Dont shelter under the doorway arch.

Wooden building are safer than brick building.

pace an t me mens on n naturaphenomena


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phenomena

(John, 1995)


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GEOHAZARD

EVENT

RESPONSESRESPONSES

REHABILITATIONREHABILITATIONMITIGATIONMITIGATION

PREVENTION &PREVENTION &

PREPARDNESSPREPARDNESS


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LANDSLIDE ATLEMBAH BALIEM

PAPUA

LEMBAH BALIEM


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JEMBER FLOODING

2006


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slide gempa bumi

Documents

eq5242018 slide gempa

globe5242018 slide gempa

p wave5242018 slide

s wave5242018 slide

r wave5242018 slide

damage considerable

damage slight

active dynamic factor