small, high specific energy power sources for medium ......small, high specific energy power sources...
TRANSCRIPT
Small, high specific Energy Power Sources
for Medium Caliber Fuzes
57th Annual Fuze Conference
July 30th, 2014
Harald Wich
Diehl & Eagle Picher GmbH
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Overview
Terminology
Fuze Power Requirements
How much is this
Specific Densities
What’s around
Conclusion and Future Work
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Terminology
Diehl & Eagle Picher GmbH, A company of Diehl BGT Defence and Eagle Picher Technologies
C/5
mAh
W Wh
C/5
Wh
mAh
W
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C/5
Wh
mAh
W 1
Discharge Time h = C Rate
Terminology
The Electric Circuit
Diehl & Eagle Picher GmbH, A company of Diehl BGT Defence and Eagle Picher Technologies
Lo
ad
Internal Resistance
Current
- V
olta
ge
-
Source
- V
olta
ge
-
- +
• Voltage [V] x Current [A] = Power [W]
• Power [W] x Time [s] = Energy [Ws = J]
+ Current [A] x Time [s] = Capacity [As, Ah]
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What is needed for a Fuze
Power/Energy Requirement depends on
+ Complexity of Fuze
Igniter Circuit
Functions
Speed
+ Component Selection
+ Design
+ Flight Time
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Hear more in # 16521
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What is needed for a Fuze
Legacy Large Caliber Fuzes
Diehl & Eagle Picher GmbH, A company of Diehl BGT Defence and Eagle Picher Technologies
140J
364J
430J
788J
180J
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Po
we
r P
[W
]
Voltage U [V]
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What is needed for a Fuze
New Medium Caliber Fuzes
Diehl & Eagle Picher GmbH, A company of Diehl BGT Defence and Eagle Picher Technologies
0.06 J 0.02 J
1 J 1.4 J
0.1 J
5J
10 J
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
0 1 2 3 4 5
Po
we
r P
[W
]
Voltage U [V]
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How much is that
A few comparisons
Diehl & Eagle Picher GmbH, A company of Diehl BGT Defence and Eagle Picher Technologies
10-3
106
103
1
A
B
F
D
E
G
H
I
Beta Batt
Atmos
1“ drop
Heat 1 cm³
Al-Cylinder 1 cm³
@ 60 mph
IG HV
C Newton
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Specific Densities
Why is that so important to you?
• Power Sources are characterized by capacity
Per weight
Per volume
• Fuzes are usually restricted by volume
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0.01
1
100
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
Ene
rgy
[J]
Volume [mm³)
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Specific Densities
Energy vs Power
• Beta Batt
• ELDC
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Energy 40 J / mm³ very high
Power 125 nW / mm³ very low
Energy 4 mJ / mm³ low
Power 125 mW / mm³ high
Example: LTC-Primary Battery
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Specific Densities
C-Rate
• Tesla Roadster 56 kWh (≈ 200 MJ), max Power 215 kW 4 C
• Fuze Battery Large Cal (e.g. 500 J) 200 s (≈ 1/20 h) 20 C
Medium Cal (e.g. 5 J) 20 s (≈ 1/200 h) 200 C !
If the Battery can manage only 4 C (like a Tesla Roadster)
it needs 50 times the Capacity the Fuze requires !
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What’s around
Legacy
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„Baghdad Batterie“
250 BC
„Patent K. STAMM“
1925
„Duracell AR-13D“
1971
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What’s around
Capacitors
+ Power Density
Energy Density; - J/mm³
How to charge
Set-Back Generators; Piezo; Electromagnetic
+ Power Density
Energy Density; < 10 μJ/mm³
Short Pulse only
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What’s around
Fuze Batteries miniaturized
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DEP-14103
3 J; 3 mJ/mm³
50 mW
Ø 11 mm; h 11 mm
DEP-14104
10 J; 7 mJ/mm³
75 mW
Ø 10/11 mm; h 10/13 mm
DEP-14202
100 J; 50 mJ/mm³
500 mW
Ø 10/20 mm; h 3/11 mm
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What’s around
A novel solution
in barrel heating
• Converter + Heat Source aerodynamic heating
pyrolants (fuel)
Thermo Electric Generator
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ηMax =Thot − TcoldThot
∙1 + ZM ∙ T − 1
1 + ZM ∙ T +TcoldThot
E = P (t)
∞
°
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What’s around
TEPS
• High Energy Density Fuel 4 J/mm³
• High burning Temperature
• Independent of operating
Temperature (∆-principle)
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What’s around
TEPS
• Max Power at Start
• Longer Power than Set-Back
Easy charge of
Small capacitor
• High Energy Density
• Independent of Spin
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What’s around
TEPS
• Easy to scale Voltage, Energy, Life-Time, Size
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DEP-15001
100 mJ; 100 μJ/mm³
100 mW
Ø 12.6 mm; h 12.5 mm
DEP-15030
200 mJ; 120 μJ/mm³
200 mW
Ø 17 mm; h 12.5 mm
DEP-15060
2000 mJ; 650 μJ/mm³
1000 mW
Ø 23.6 mm; h 12.5 mm
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Conclusion and Future Work
+ Two new Product Lines of small Fuze Power Supplies
+ Meet all known Requirements
+ Significant increased Energy Density
+ Excellent Power Density
+ Spinning and Non-Spinning
Future work
• Manufacturability
• Live-Firing
• Qualification
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Thank you for your attention!
Questions?
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Diehl & Eagle Picher Contact
How to Contact us
• Presenter Harald Wich
• Mail Diehl & Eagle Picher GmbH
Fischbachstrasse 20
90552 Roethenbach a d Pegnitz
Germany
• Phone +49-911-957-2073
• Fax +49-911-957-2485
• Email [email protected]
• Web www.battery.de