small ruminant sector
TRANSCRIPT
Small Ruminant Production
• The young couple invited their elderly pastor for Sunday dinner. While they were in the kitchen preparing the meal, the minister asked their son what they were having."Goat," the little boy replied."Goat?" replied the startled man of the cloth, "Are you sure about that?""Yep," said the youngster. "I heard Dad say to Mom, 'Today is just as good as any to have the old goat for dinner.'
• Why did the ram run over the cliff?*****He didn't see the ewe turn.
Class Discussion
• Present status of the world goat populations and their productivity – Mahmoud Abdel Azi (2010)
Density and Distribution of Sheep(FAO, 2005)
Density and Distribution of Goats(FAO, 2005)
World Population of Goat and Sheep (FAOSTAT, 2008)
Jamaica’s Sheep and Goat Population
Reasons not to enter into sheep/goat production
• Parasite problems• Predator problems• Fencing – keeping them in• Hoof problems• Weather problems (kidding, parasites)• Lack of infrastructure (marketing, veterinary
expertise, animal health products, feed products, knowledge, research)
• Not going to get rich quick
I STILL WANT TO RAISE SHEEP/GOATS, WHAT ADVICE CAN YOU GIVE ME?
Reasons to enter into small ruminant production
• Historically goats, the “cattle of the poor”, and sheep are reared as sources not only of milk and meat for family consumption, but also as source of liquidity.
• Sheep and goats are significant in socio-cultural activities such as funerals, dowries, festivities and holidays etc.
• Requires less land and investment compared to cattle
• Mutli-purpose animals• Efficient forage converters• Easy to handle
Economic Comparisons
Cattle
• 1 cow/calf unit 3 acres• 95% calf crop
• 500lb weaning weight
• 475 lbs./3 acres• $______/lb• $___________gross/ 3
acre• 158.3 lbs/ acres
• $___________gross/acre
Small Ruminants
• 8 goat/sheep unit 3 acres• 150% kid/lamb crop
• 60lb weaning weight
• 720 lbs./3 acres• $________/lb• $________ gross/ 3 acre• 240 lbs/ acres
• $_________ gross/acre
Increasing Inventory/EquityReproductive Efficiency
Cattle
• Start with 1 cow• Save all the females for 5
years-sell males
• 95% calf crop
• 50/50 heifer bull• At the end of 5 years:
– 5 females in the herd– 5 males sold
Sheep/goat
• Start with one doe/ewe• Save all the females for 5
years- sell males
• 150% kid/lamb crop
• 50/50 doe(ewe)/buck (ram) kids
• At the end of the 5 years:– 24 females in herd– 24 males sold
Number of Sheep Slaughtered and Weight of Mutton Produced
Year No. Sheep Slaughtered Mutton Produced (kg)
2000 421 8,338
2001 382 7,756
2002 387 9,209
2003 327 8,000
2004 437 9,362
2005 1,029 21,355
2006 498 8,384
2007 541 9,848
2008 1,877 25,872
2009 805 17,462
Number of Sheep Slaughtered and Weight of Mutton Produced
Share of Local Production and Imports of Sheep and Lamb in Total Consumption
Year Production (MT)
Imports (MT) Total Consumption
(MT)
% Production of
Consumption
2000 8.34 4,218.8 4,227.14 0.20
2001 7.76 3,278.5 3,286.26 0.24
2002 9.21 3,522 3,531.21 0.26
2003 8.0 2,355 2,363 0.34
2004 9.36 3,879 3,888.36 0.24
2005 21.36 3,701 3,722.36 0.57
2006 8.38 4,842 4,850.38 0.17
2007 9.85 6,477 6,486.85 0.15
2008 25.87 4,896.8 4,922.67 0.53
2009 17.46 2,590.6 2,608.06 0.67
Goats Slaughtered and Weight of Chevron Produced
Year No. Goat Slaughtered Chevron Produced (kg)
2000 40,467 550,928
2001 42,244 577,568
2002 38,647 559,428
2003 36,908 556,554
2004 39,944 625,220
2005 47,596 765,094
2006 39,515 680,893
2007 40,121 644,539
2008 41,369 680,807
2009 43,160 866,616
Goats Slaughtered and Weight of Chevron Produced
Share of Local Production and Imports of Chevron in Total Consumption
Year Production (MT)
Imports (MT) Total Consumption
(MT)
% Production of
Consumption
2000 550.93 659.31 1,210.24 45.5
2001 577.57 454.09 1,301.66 56.0
2002 559.43 1,414 1,973.43 28.3
2003 556.55 783 1,339.55 41.5
2004 625.22 704 1,329.22 47.0
2005 765.09 895.78 1,660.87 46.1
2006 680.89 1,297 1,997.89 34.4
2007 644.54 936.34 1,580.88 40.8
2008 680.81 1,198.95 1,879.71 36.2
2009 866.62 1,536.14 2,402.76 36.1
Sheep and Goat Breeds
Prepared by Michael Teague
Sheep
• Terminology• Ram – Male• Ewe – Female• Lamb – Young
Sheep
• Classes• Fine Wool – emphasis on
quality wool• Medium Wool –emphasis on
quality meat• Long Wool – large breeds
that produces a long coarse fiber
• Crossbred Wool – cross of FW and LW
• Hair Type – sheer free
Fine Wool
• Merino• Origin Spain
• Males Horned• Females Polled
• Rambouillet• Origin France
Merino Ram
Merino Ewe
Rambouillet Ram
Rambouillet Ewe / Lamb
Medium WoolMedium Wool
• Dorset – England
• Hampshire – England
• Suffolk – England, Large Breed, Popular,
• Southdown - England
Dorset Ram
Dorset Ewe
Hampshire Ram
Hampshire Ewe
Suffolk Ram
Suffolk Ewe
Dorset Ram
Long Wool
• Leicester – England
• Lincoln – England
• Romney - England
Leicester
Lincoln Ram
Cross Breed WoolCross Breed Wool
• Columbia – USA
• Corriedale – New Zealand
Columbia Wether
Corriedale Ewe
Hair Type
• Dorper – South Africa
• Barbado – Origin Texas, Trophy Animal on Game Ranch
Dorper Ram and Ewe
Barbado Ram
Goats
• Terminology• Buck – Male• Doe – Female• Kid – Young Goat
• Types• Angora – Origin Turkey,
Produce Mohair, 95% in Tex,
• Cashmere – Fine Fiber• Spanish – The “TX
Longhorn” of goats• Dairy – Bred for Milk
Production• Boer – S. Africa, Meat Type• Other – Pygmy and Fainting
Angora Buck and Doe
Cashmere Buck
Spanish Buck
Dairy Goats
• French Alpine
• Nubian – Africa, Polled
• Toggenburg – Switzerland,
French Alpine Doe
Nubian Doe
Toggenburg DoeToggenburg Doe
Boer Buck
Boer Doe
Pygmy
Fainting Goat