smaran march03

Proposal for Implementation of Rainwater Harvesting Systems and CSR Initiatives Proposal for Rainwater Harvesting in our City. .................................................................................................... 2

Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................... 2

Proposal ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2

Rainwater Harvesting ........................................................................................................................................... 2

Methodology.................................................................................................................................................................... 3

Inverse Borewell Method with RWH Pit ...................................................................................................... 3

RWH Statistics for Key Implementations* .................................................................................................. 3

Case Studies ............................................................................................................................................................... 4 IBW RWH model made for GHMC at Nature Cure Hospital, Balkampet, Hyderabad, July-2013. ...... 4 St Theresa’s Convent, July 2013 ........................................................................................................................................ 5 Anthem Gated Community, Kompally, Medchal, August 2012. .......................................................................... 9 Franklin Templeton, Gachibowli, September 2012. ............................................................................................. 10 WestEnd Apartments, Masibanda, Gachibowli. August 2012.......................................................................... 11 Vertex Pleasant Apartments, Nizampet. September 2012. ............................................................................... 11 National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT), Hytech City, Madhapur. June 2011. ....................... 12

Smaran's work in Rural Areas under CSR ................................................................................................ 15 Beera Cheruvu tank Renovation, Nadergul Village, Saroornagar Mandal, RR Dist - 2005. ............... 15 Edugonikunta, Nadergul Village, Saroornagar Mandal, Ranga Reddy District, 2011. ......................... 16

Proposal for Rainwater Harvesting in our City.

Introduction

Proposal The aim of this proposal is to augment public funds provided by GHMC for rainwater harvesting with corporate contributions through CSR and any other philanthropic sources to scale rainwater harvesting implementations in Hyderabad.

There is keen interest in citizenry to bringing sustainability to urban environments and water is key to this sustainability. The proposal aims to tap this interest to enable engagement of financial resources from the corporate world and human resources in the form of volunteers who can oversee the implementation of suitable RWH structures in their corporate campuses and in community spaces such as public parks, Gated communities and institutions.

This proposal is being made by SMARAN, an organization with over 16 years of experience in working on community development programs, watersheds and RWH structures in Hyderabad, RangaReddy, Nalgonda and Medak Districts, AP, INDIA.

Rainwater Harvesting The Need Rainwater Harvesting is often referred to in this document as RWH in short. It means capturing rain where it falls or capturing the run off in your own village or town and taking measures to keep that water clean by not allowing polluting activities to take place in the catchment. The rainwater collected can be stored for direct use or can be recharged into the ground water. The sources for RWH are water runoffs from rooftops, local catchments, flood waters from local streams and watersheds. The importance of RWH emerges from this simple fact that states only 1% of water on earth is usable by humans out of which 99% is ground water, .86% is water from lakes and the rest of .14% comes from rivers. Hence depletion of rainwater is detrimental to our survival while our sustainability lies in its replenishment. Potential Benefits Consider a RWH structure in a corporate office using shaft inverse bore well method with an area of 1500 square meters. At an average annual rainfall of 800 mm, if the storm water collected to recharge from the roof top area is 623 cubic meters and lawn area is 744 m3 in a Corporate Office premises. Similarly, in a training centre the total quantity of the rain water harvested is 2190 m3 in a year for 366 m3 from roof top area and 358 m3 from of open area. With these 2 structures, 50% of the estimated efficiency is achieved. Likewise yearly augmentation of ground water resources is 1000 m3, which amounts a value of Rs.10, 00,000 (Rupees ten Lakhs only) @ Rupees One per litre.

Methodology

Inverse Borewell Method with RWH Pit The most suitable method for the Deccan plateau region is by using inverse borewell method. Ground water levels are defined as layers and the current situation in Hyderabad (as per Geologists) is that we are drawing water at Layer 3 which is around 800 to 1000 feet. There are instances of Borewells being dug to a depth of 2000 feet. Conventional RWH pits cannot tap the complete potential of RWH given the rocky ground in the plateau. For instance it has been many noticed in some areas there are sheet rocks/ huge boulders starting at a depth of 4 feet from the ground rendering any harvesting impossible. Sheet rocks allow absolutely no water to percolate while boulders may have some crevices to allow some water but not to the available potential. In Inverse borewell the same crevices, layers and aquifers that are drained by conventional borewells drawing water are replenished with clean, filtered rain water. The pit in this method serves to augment and filter water coming from various channels such as roof top and surfaces (select sources). The filter consists of graded material such as sand, stone and mesh. Clean Water coming out of the filter bed will dribble (by gravity) into the borewell with a casing provided up to a suitable depth. Once it flows past the casing it joins the deep aquifers thus refilling all the depleted sources. The biggest advantage of this method is the fact that replenishing happens at such depths that surrounding areas will also see an increase in their ground water levels apart from the point at which the RWH structure has been implemented.

RWH Statistics for Key Implementations*

S. No

Campus No of IBW RWH

Pits

No of RWH Pits

New Borewells

Dug for IBW RWH

Total Project Cost

Project Time in Days

1 Nature Cure Hospital 1 1 0 55000 20 4 National Institute of Fashion Technology 5 1 1 485000 60

S. No

Campus No of Tankers per day prior to RWH in Liters

No of Tankers per day after RWH Implementation in Liters

Total Cost per month Prior to RWH in Rupees

Total Cost per month after to RWH

5K 10K 5K 10K Water Tanker Cost

Borewell Power Charges

Water Tanker Cost

Borewell Power Charges

1 Nature Cure Hospital 6 0 0 0 90,000 * 0 *

4 National Institute of Fashion Technology

0 15 0 0 5,00,000 * 0 *

* Data is being collated for all other RWH implementations at this point.

Case Studies

IBW RWH model made for GHMC at Nature Cure Hospital, Balkampet, Hyderabad, July-2013.

The RWH project implemented at the nature cure hospital, Balkampet under AYUSH Department as a proof of concept for GHMC, Hyderabad. The campus is spread in 12 acres of area with a number of buildings & open area. The treatment methodology in the hospital requires lots of water. As of May 2013 the Hospital was getting 6 tankers per day apart from the water drawn from their existing bore wells. The below Pics shows 2 acres of catchment area of surface rain water including water from rooftop of the administrative building with an area of 10,000 sq. feet, was channelized to an IBW RWH pit to replenish deep aquifers.

The pictures below shows the entire rooftop and storm water flowing via silt trap into the RWH pit. Rainwater from the RWH pit is directed via a sand filter further purifying the water before joining into abandoned bore hole which is 920 feet depth.

The IBW RWH is constructed close to the abandoned borewell, at a point where the entire water is leaving the 2 acre campus, thus capturing all the running rainwater. Identifying these locations and channelizing flow of water is crucial to maximizing the potential of harvesting. The project impact is daily requirement of 6 water tankers came down to ZREO /no water tankers called so far.

St Theresa’s Convent, July 2013 St Theresas’s spread in 12 acres comprising of Girls High School, Church, Hospital, JMJ Nursing college and Orphanage receives huge volume of storm water in their own campus.

St. Theresa Girls High School spread in 3.5 acres area houses close to 2200 including students & staff. The entire rain water used to go out onto the roads from the gate & enter sewage drains but after construction of 6 RWH pits along the storm water drains, maximum rain water is percolating into the ground while supporting two existing bore wells. This further minimised the flooding, streets causing inconvenience to traffic and stagnation. Awareness about RWH among the children in the school has increased. Teachers are taking keen interest to explain how the RWH pits are contributing to the increase in ground water deposits & soon after the rains going through each and every structure.

Total six RWH structures are constructed throughout the School campus along the existing storm water drains thus augmenting maximum storm water, getting percolated into the ground. Two existing borewells yield immensely increased after the RWH project implemented.

JMJ Nursing college having 300 residential Girl students along with the staff is having an office cum hostel. Here also the entire surface rain water used to flood and flow into the sewage drains. An RWH pit is built where the maximum stagnation used to occur, near the working bore well which has started supporting the bore well yield.

The storm water from the nearby gardens, surface water & the rooftop rain water of Hospital building are diverted through the cattle trap leading into the RWH pit which is near a working bore well.

The working bore well having low yield shown below is dug at a depth of 950 feet which is now channelized with the roof top rain water from an adjacent building via a silt trap provided. This system supporting the yield of bore well and whenever there are rains, keep joins the deep aquifers.

St Theresa’s church admin building rooftop rain water is diverted to the working borewell via a silt trap & RWH pit. The excess of RWH pit keeps joining the working bore well & than to deep aquifers.

The entire storm water from the main road and St Theresas church area which always floods the main entrance of the Hospital is diverted into the huge RWH pit as shown in left side picture via silt trap channelized through 2ft dia drain pipe. This pit was constructed near to a working bore well which started giving good yield compared to the previous yield.

The picture on the top right shows storm water drain being disconnected from sewage line and connected to the RWH pit. Children are curious about the RWH structure especially when water is entering and percolating into the ground.

Anthem Gated Community, Kompally, Medchal, August 2012.

Anthem gated community is spread over 26 acres at Kompally, Medchal. Prior to this project the entire rain water was flowing onto the roads and flooding the neighbourhood. With the completion of this project all this water has been successfully harvested through 4 IBW RWH structures. Now the community is able to manage with the existing bore wells without depending on purchase of water tankers and also contributing to the rise in neighbouring residents' and colonies' bore well yields.

The picture on the left below shows the successful diversion of rainwater from outside, back into the premises flowing into 2 of the 4 IBW RWH structures. The picture on the right below shows the construction of one of the IBW RWH structures with a borewell of 350 feet depth.

The picture on the right above shows the distribution of storm water via the silt trap chamber into the 2 IBW RWH structures.

Franklin Templeton, Gachibowli, September 2012.

Smaran implemented IBW RWH for Franklin Templeton in 2.5 acres area for their Gachibowli campus spanning 10 acres. Rain water from rooftops that used to flow along with sewage drain outside their compound wall was diverted into a new borewell dug to a depth 255 feet. The pictures show the various stages in the construction of the IBW RWH pit. The first picture on the left shows the laying of drain pipes to divert roof top rain water.

The picture below shows the construction of the IBW RWH pit under progress.

The pic below shows storm water from drain pipes flowing into IBW RWH pit Joining deep aquifers.

Impact: Yield of two borewells working near to IBW RWH pit increased continuously since then.

WestEnd Apartments, Masibanda, Gachibowli. August 2012.

IBW RWH structure implemented in WestEnd apartments at Masibanda, near Gachibowli. The entire roof top area of 16000 sq. Feet rain water is fed to the new borewell dug at 250ft, close to the existing borewell. This year they have not purchased a single water tanker as the existing borewell yield increased. This has motivated neighbouring communities around them to consider harvesting.

Vertex Pleasant Apartments, Nizampet. September 2012.

The Apartment spread in 4 acres area has around 400 flat and their monthly water tanker expenditure during summer used to be Rs. 5, 00,000. SMARAN implemented two IBW method RWH structures, one in the cellar and one in the park. The impact this year is that they ordered the water tankers from January as compared to November last year and it’s clear that the ground water level has increased there by extending the working borewells yield by two more extra months.

National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT), Hytech City, Madhapur. June 2011. NIFT campus, near Hitech city spread in 10 acres with 4 buildings and open area. The main building shown in the picture below has a rooftop area of 40,000 sq feet. The campus has 550 resident students and 50 non-residential teaching staff, 300 day scholars and 100 non-teaching staff apart from visitors. The water requirement was 15 tankers per day prior to five IBW RWH implementation.

The pic below shows an existing pool having an abandoned borewell is being flushed to percolate rooftop rain water accumulating in the pool.

The picture below shows the IBW RWH pit being constructed around the abandoned borewell.

The pictures below show the construction of a set of two IBW RWH pits connected in serial where water flows to the first pit containing the abandoned borewell and excess water from it is channelized to the second pit containing a new borewell dug to a depth of 940 feet.

This implementation has a 3-stage filtration where in the first stage, rain water passes through baffles and then into the 2nd stage filteration through the IBW RWH pit. Both stages are shown in the pictures below.

In the picture below plumbers can be seen working on fitting the slotted PVC pipes to the adjacent new borewell 2nd IBW RWH pit. These 3 pipes receives excess of 1st IBW RWH.

The 3rd-stage of filteration happens in the 2nd IBW RWH pit where excess rain water flows from the first pit, gets filtered again percolates and joins deep aquifers of 940ft borewell dug.

The picture on left below shows the completed structure. The picture on the right below shows percolation of rainwater into the first & second stages as nad when rains.

The second part of implementation in the NIFT campus was to the Annex Building with a rooftop area of 16,500 Sq. Feet. There are 2 working borewells of 660ft depth one on each side of the building. The rooftop rainwater is diverted on both sides to IBW RWH pits dug around each working borewell thus allowing entire rain water to percolate into the deep aquifiers. The picture on the right side shows the construction of one of the 2 IBW RWH Pits.

The project impact has been a reduction of tankers from 15 to 8 per day in the first year & further to ZERO tankers since the second year.

The pictures below show routing the roof top rain water outlets through PVC pipes leading to the two working bore well IBW RWH pits.

Smaran's work in Rural Areas under CSR

Beera Cheruvu tank Renovation, Nadergul Village, Saroornagar Mandal, RR Dist - 2005.

The tank was built 100 years ago spanning 10 acres needed restoration because the bund was narrow, weak and breached. The silt removed from the tank during Desilting was used to strengthen the bund. It was restored at a cost of Rs: 2.5 Lakhs from a grant by Hindustan Coca Cola and a portion of silt transportation through farmer’s tractors (beneficiaries) towards Desilting and bund strengthening.

The above right side picture shows the site survey with farmers, Grampanchayath members and NGO. The left side pics shows initial desilting stages. The picture on the left below shows the strengthening of the bund and the picture on the right below shows the tank filled to the brim during rains.

As a result of restoration 20 open wells were filled to the brim, 73 borewells yield increased. An additional 25 acres of fallow land came under cultivation and Poultries nearby stopped buying water tankers. Cattles are not taken to far off places for fetching water & found Peacocks numbers on rise.

Edugonikunta, Nadergul Village, Saroornagar Mandal, Ranga Reddy District, 2011.

The tank spanning 20 acres needed bund strengthening, revetment and spill weir renovation. M/s Deloitte Hyderabad was the corporate sponsor for the renovation of project that costed Rs 4,18,000/- apart from Farmers contribution initially in renovating the seepage problem to the bund earlier.

The pictures above show initial desilting stages. The picture on the right below shows Deloitte employees about 500 participating on tank restoration on their IMPACT DAY task. The picture on the left below shows spill weir restoration where the excess flood water is allowed to join the below tanks.

As a result of restoration active fishing has become an additional source of revenue for residents of the village. Other allied occupations such as cattle rearing and poultries are also thriving because of increased availability of water in open wells and borewells surrounding the tank. As a result of the 2 tanks (out of 15 in the village) being restored more birds such as peacocks and seasonal migratory birds are now sighted around the tanks in the village premises.

smaran march03

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