smart and resilient citiesmedia.firabcn.es/content/smart-city-montreal/docs/... · 2015. 4. 29. ·...

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Smart and Resilient Cities Stefan Denig, Center of Competence Cities, London

Restricted © Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved. 4/7/2015 IC CC

Why Resilience? The number of natural disasters is increasing

Hazard


Why Resilience? The costs of natural hazards call for action

Hazard


Why Resilience? 75% of world’s cities located in exposed coastal zones

Exposure

Source: Center for Climate Science Research

Hazard


Why Resilience? Fast-growing cities are expanding into risk zones

Hazard

Ho Chi Minh City and other fast-growing urban zones are developing into

risk areas.

1700 – 1950 0.5 million

1950 – 1975 2 million

1975 - 2005 ˜8 million

Exposure


Hazards Regional & Global Impacts Bangkok, Thailand Floods, 2011

6 months flooding affected over 13 million people.

14,000 factories under water Manufacturing stoppages led to

rise in global product prices Estimated damages: $US 45

billion Honda plant production halted

for six months 2011 growth projections cut from

4.1% to 2.6%

Photo source: Bazuki Mohammed – Reuters

Risk (Impact) Resilience Hazard Exposure

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Blackouts in Lower Manhattan


Exposure & Vulnerabilities Revealed by Hurricane Sandy, NYC 2012

13th Street Substation, Manhattan Located in flood zone, designed

for 12.5 foot surge

14 foot surge during Sandy

Sea water inundated equipment

Power lost to 250,000 customers

Back-up generators failed at NYU-Langone Medical Center


Changing Hazards For the New York Metropolitan area

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Past

(1

970-

2000

) Pr

ojec

ted

Futu

re

Freq

uenc

y of

Occ

urre

nce

Flooding Events

• 1 in 100 years

• 1 in 15 years

Drought

• 1 in 100 years

• Unclear

Heat Wave

• 2 per year

• 8 per year

Wind events (Nor’easter, Hurricane)

• 1 storm per 3 years

• More frequent

Source: NYC Panel on Climate Change, 2009; ClimAID, NYSERDA, 2012.


Investment options into smarter energy systems for NYC

4/7/2015 IC CC

Short-term Longer-term Medium-term

Technology &

Investment

Enabling actions

• Flood defences • Gas-insulated

switchgear • Undergrounding • Manual demand

management

• Assessment of critical systems

• Building codes • Integrated control

centers • Reg. reform

• Decentralized generation

• Smart grid ready appliances

• Smart meters & IT infrastructure

• GIS asset monitoring

• Communication with customers

• Relocating installations

• Automated demand management

• EV to grid

• Real-time pricing • Integrated

development & energy planning


($4)

($2)

$0

$2

$4

$6

0 5 10 15 20

US$

Bill

ions

Years No Action Partial Investment Full Implementation

Action Plan The investments pay back

4/7/2015 IC CC

“Do Nothing” • Anticipated damage to

the power grid over 20 years: USD 1-3 bn

“Protection only”

• Investment pays back through reduced damage

• But city still has net losses

“Full Grid Resilience”

• Protection PLUS system resilience, reliability and efficiency

• Net benefits


Virtual Power Plant Munich, Germany

Initiative of Munich City Utilities & Siemens

Small-scale, distributed energy sources pooled & operated as single installation

Improves reliability of planning & forecasting decentralized sources

Promotes efficient use of decentralized energy, & greater diversity of sources

Enables decentralized sources to operate flexibly either as a single unit, or in island-mode to serve a more localized network

Includes cogeneration modules (8MW), hydropower & wind farm (12MW)

Distributed Energy Management System


Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communications Houston, Texas, USA

Pilot project in Harris County, Texas, in response to Hurricane Ike

Traffic lights & vehicles communicate in real time

Data from smart phones in vehicles are aggregated to produce real-time estimates of numbers of vehicles on the road, & their speeds

Data mapped in a database accessible to drivers via smartphone

During evacuation, allows drivers to choose route with shortest travel time

Traffic lights can detect emergency vehicles & turn green to facilitate rapid response


3D simulation of human behavior enables advanced evacuation planning London, UK

The behavior of building occupants during an emergency can be modeled prior to an event, using advanced 3D simulation software

The software enables movement through a building or space to be forecast up to ten times faster than real time with relative accuracy, including places where blockages may occur

This tool improves human preparedness, coordination and response. With a faster than real time reaction, this technology also helps to gain valuable time in a situation where every second counts

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Resilience plans benefit from community knowledge Hat Yai, Thailand

Hat Yai, the main commercial hub in the south of Thailand, experienced two disastrous floods between the years 2000 and 2010

Despite the government’s $116 million (£76.2 million) investment in major flood mitigation infrastructure following the 2000 event, the 2010 floods caused even more damage.

A group of residents, government officials, non-government organizations and the business sector conducted a city vulnerability assessment and developed a strategy for resilience

The bottom-up approach has strengthen the capacity of the local community

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Action points

Resilience is a must to become and remain competitive

Resilience should be an integral part of planning and can be achieved through normal operational investment cycles

Resilience provides additional benefits, e.g. energy efficiency, safety & security etc.

Intelligent, automated, infrastructure is a major lever for resilience


Visit the Crystal!

The O2 Emirates Cable Car The Crystal Canary Wharf

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