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Home Area Network (HAN)By: Zahra Makoui
May 21 2008
2006 Pacific Gas and Electric Company. All rights reserved.Confidential For discussion purposes only
PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL
Prepared at request of Counsel
Attorney Work Product
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About Pacific Gas and Electric Company
Ener Services to about 15 M Peo le:
5.0 M Electric Customer Accounts
4.1 M Natural Gas Customer Accts
70,000 square miles with diverse
~20,000 Employees
Re ulated b the California Public Utilities
2Confidential For discussion purposes only
Commission (CPUC)
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The PG&E SmartMeter Program
Automated meter reading for all customers
10 Million meter upgrades
A network to collect meter reads remotely
and communicate with the meters
IT systems to manage and store the reads,
and make them available to PG&E business
applications
Frequent meter reads - daily for gas, hourly
or 15 minute interval for electric
3Confidential For discussion purposes only
Enhanced capabilities over time
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Latest Solid State Meters
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Customer Home Area Network (HAN)
`
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Utility HAN
AMI Communications
Customer HAN
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Customer HAN and
Utility HAN
`
6Confidential For discussion purposes only
Utility HAN
AMI Communications
Customer HAN
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An Example: Wireless ZigBee HANPremise
ZigBee Utility HAN ZigBee Customer HAN
DistributedGeneration and
StorageHome Security System
Smart AppliancesEMS
Electric Vehicle
Energy
Information
Display
Load ControlTransceiver
(LCT)PCT
HAN
Gateway
Premise Gas
Meter
Electric MeterMetrology
Home Healthcare
Lighting Control
Energy Information Display
Entertainment System
Other Premise HAN
AMI
AMI Network
OtherCustomer
Gateways
Z-wave
Premise Water
Meter
Internet
SmartHomeTM
(Insteon)
7Confidential For discussion purposes only
Edge
Access Point
Legend
ZigBee Customer HAN
RF-Mesh Interface
Secured Utility HAN
One-way unauthenticatedbroadcast
Limited Access
One-way non-ZigBee
Communication
Registered CustomerDevices
Utility Owned
Copyright PG&E Illustration
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Can A Single Technology Be The Answer?
Medium Physical (radio) Protocol (stack)
Support for:
Market Adoption Technolo Develo ment
RF
802.15.4
2.4 GHz radio
iP6loWPAN
ZigBee stack
Other (e.g., SP100)
Z-Wave
Concerns about:
Concerns about:
Reach in home
Cost (repeater cost)
900 MHz radios*
ZigBee stack
iP6loWPAN
Insteon RF
Insteon PLC
Reach in home
Concerns about:
Market Adoption
Technology DevelopmentSupport for: Reach in home
8Confidential For discussion purposes only
PLC
HomePlug
X10
Low works
Concerns about:
Consumer product development
2 way communication with PCTCopyright PG&E IllustrationConnectivityWeek 2008
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Few of Many Possibilities
Single Dwelling Unit Multi Dwelling Unit
In the meter: Zi Bee 2.4GHz
In the meter: ZigBee 2.4GHzO tion 2
In the meter: ZigBee 2.4GHz
Home Plug CC
Other: None
. ,
Home Plug CC
Other: None
Other: None
Option 3
Other: Bridge or collar to
HomePlug in meter bank
In the meter: ZigBee 2.4GHz In the meter: HomePlug
9Confidential For discussion purposes only
Other: None Other: None
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Pros and Cons of Deployment Options
Advantages Risks/Disadvantages
Option 1: Signal reaches 100% of territory*Cost of 2 chipsets in the meter
Signal reaches 74% of territory*
Uniform meter supply chain
Connects to majority of devices
Deployment complications of bridge installations in
various building types
HP two way communication to the PCT in MDU
Option 2:ZigBee (2.4GHz),HomePlu Brid e
ZigBee (2.4GHz)
and HPCC in the
meter
Connects to majority of devices
customers due to integrating two technologies
(could provide HP to ZigBee bridge or introduce
ZHPCC)
cou prov e o g ee r ge
Complications to back office systems and to
customers due to integrating two technologies
(could provide HP to ZigBee bridge or introduce
ZHPCC)
for MDUs
Option 3:ZigBee (2.4GHz)
Signal reaches 74% of territory* Connects to majority of devices
Meter supply chain complexityHP two way communication to the PCT in MDU
10Confidential For discussion purposes only
under glass for
SDUs, HomePlug
underglass for MDUs
*Based on 2004 RASS data and internal assumptions on
reach of wireless communications in SDUs
Complications to back office systems and to
customers due to integrating two technologies
(could provide HP to ZigBee bridge or introduce
ZHPCC)
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ZHPCC Vision
RF: 802.15.4
ZigBee Stack
ZSE Profile
PLC platform
(e.g., HPCC)
ZigBee Stack
ZSE Profile
ZSE ProfileZSE Profile
11Confidential For discussion purposes only
PLC platform
(e.g., HPCC)
ZigBee Stack
RF: 802.15.4
ZigBee Stack
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Technical Overview of ZigBee
ZigBee: An Example
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The ZigBee Solution
IEEE 802.22
Range
ZigBee
802.15.4
802.15.3
802.15.3a802.15.3cWPAN
WLAN
WMAN
WiFi
802.11
Bluetooth
802.15.1
WiMax
IEEE 802.16
IEEE 802.20 pen an ar
Radio + Protocol
Mesh Networking
65,536 network (client) nodes
Full Mesh Networking Support
Data Rate (Mbps)
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
14Confidential For discussion purposes only
[2.4GHz, 915MHz, 868MHz]
250Kbps data rateNetwork coordinator
Full Function node
Reduced Function node
Communications flow
Virtual links
Source: ZigBee Alliance ConnectivityWeek 2008
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ZigBee Device Function
ZigBee Coordinator (ZC)
Initiates network formation
ZigBee Router (ZR)
Participates in multi-hop routing of messages
ZigBee End Device (ZED)
Does not associate or route
Enables very low-cost solutions
16Confidential For discussion purposes only
Source: SDG&E Presentation on August 8 by Terry Mohn at EPRI
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ZigBee Communication
1
X
X X
2
Y Y
Zi Bee End Device
ZigBee Router
ZigBee Coordinator
Y
Y
Y
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Mesh Link
Tree or Mesh Link
Source: SDG&E Presentation on August 8 by Terry Mohn at EPRI
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Application Profiles
Application ZDO
Medium Access (MAC)
NWK
App Support (APS)
SSP
Clusters
0: fan off1: fan on
Application profiles define what messages are sent over the air for a given application
Devices with the same application profiles interoperate end to end
Physical Radio (PHY)
2: temp set3: time set
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,ones as well
Source: ZigBee Alliance
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ZigBee Smart Energy Profile
Features supported by ZSE profile include:
Basic metering [measurements, historical information, etc] eman esponse an oa on ro
Pricing [multiple units and currencies, price tiers, etc]
Text messages
Device support for PCTs, IHDs, load control devices, Energy Mgmt Systems, etc.
Security to allow consumer only, utility only or shared networks
Timeline of ZSE-
Nov 2007 ZSE profile was letter balloted and approved by Alliance members
Jan 2008 completed feature development
Mar 2008 3rd interoperability test event with over 20 companies
May 2008 [planned] certification test event and publication of ZSE profile
19Confidential For discussion purposes only
Source: ZigBee Alliance
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