smartphone activated door lock using wifi
TRANSCRIPT
SMARTPHONE ACTIVATED DOOR LOCK USING WIFI
NURULFARAH AFIQAH BINTI MOHAMMAD AZMI
B071110033
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
2015
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
SMARTPHONE ACTIVATED DOOR LOCK USING WIFI
This report submitted in accordance with requirement of the Universiti Teknikal
Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) for the Bachelor Degree of Engineering Technology
(Electronics Telecommunications) (Hons.)
by
NURULFARAH AFIQAH BINTI MOHAMMAD AZMI
B071110033
901113-06-5280
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
2015
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS LAPORAN PROJEK SARJANA MUDA
TAJUK: SMARTPHONE ACTIVATED DOOR LOCK USING WIFI
SESI PENGAJIAN: 2014/15 Semester 2 Saya NURULFARAH AFIQAH BINTI MOHAMMAD AZMI mengaku membenarkan Laporan PSM ini disimpan di Perpustakaan Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut:
1. Laporan PSM adalah hak milik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka dan penulis. 2. Perpustakaan Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka dibenarkan membuat salinan
untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja dengan izin penulis. 3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan laporan PSM ini sebagai bahan
pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi.
4. **Sila tandakan ( )
SULIT
TERHAD
TIDAK TERHAD
(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia sebagaimana yang termaktub dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972)
(Mengandungi maklumat TERHAD yang telah ditentukan oleh organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan)
Alamat Tetap:
Lot 10486, Jalan Balok Sejahtera,
Kampung Balok, 26100 Kuantan,
Pahang Darul Makmur
Tarikh: ________________________
Disahkan oleh:
Cop Rasmi: Tarikh: _______________________
** Jika Laporan PSM ini SULIT atau TERHAD, sila lampirkan surat daripada pihak berkuasa/organisasi berkenaan dengan menyatakan sekali sebab dan tempoh laporan PSM ini perlu dikelaskan sebagai SULIT atau TERHAD.
DECLARATION
I hereby, declared this report entitled “Smartphone Activated Door Lock using
WiFi” is the results of my own research except as cited in references.
Signature : ………………………………………….
Author’s Name : NURULFARAH AFIQAH BINTI
MOHAMMAD AZMI
Date : …………………………………………
APPROVAL
This report is submitted to the Faculty of Engineering Technology of UTeM as a
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering
Technology (Electronics Telecommunications) (Hons.). The member of the
supervisory is as follow:
………………………………
(MRS NORLEZAH BINTI HASHIM)
i
ABSTRAK
Telefon pintar mempunyai pelbagai kegunaan dan menjadi salah satu peranti yang
boleh membantu untuk mengawal dalam pelbagai aspek. Memandangkan kurang
pengawasan terhadap sistem penguncian pintu, peranti yang dicadangkan dalam
projek ini akan membantu untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini. Bagi projek ini, telefon
pintar akan mengaktifkan penguncian pintu secara automatik dan membuka kunci
pintu dengan menggunakan “Wireless Fidelity (WiFi)”. Dengan menggunakan
perisian Android, telefon pintar boleh membuka kunci pintu dalam jarak tertentu.
Penghantaran data akan dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan teknologi WiFi. Oleh
yang demikian, pengguna tidak perlu bimbang samada pintu telah dikunci ataupun
tidak kerana pengguna boleh mengawalnya dengan menggunakan telefon pintar
dalam jarak tertentu. Pengguna juga tidak perlu bimbang terhadap kehilangan kunci
pintu. Projek ini terdiri daripada pembinaan perkakasan dan perisian. Selepas
menjalani beberapa kajian, keputusan yang dianggarkan untuk projek ini adalah
pengguna boleh mengawal operasi penguncian pintu secara automatik dan membuka
kunci pintu dalam jarak WiFi tertentu dengan menggunakan telefon pintar. Selain
daripada itu, sistem penguncian pintu boleh berfungsi dengan cekap. Persediaan
eksperimen telah dilakukan untuk menguji prestasi sistem yang direka. Keputusan
daripada analisis menunjukkan bahawa ketika didalam rumah, sambungan antara
telefon pintar dan WiFi telah hilang selepas 40m manakala diluar rumah, sambungan
antara telefon pintar dan WiFi telah hilang selepas 150m. Ini membuktikan bahawa
untuk kedua-dua keadaan, apabila jarak semakin meningkat maka penangguhan juga
meningkat.
ii
ABSTRACT
Smartphone have variety of uses and becomes one of the devices that can help to
monitor in any aspects. Since less awareness concern on door locking system, the
device proposed in this project will help to solve the problem. For this project,
smartphone will activate the door lock using Wireless Fidelity (WiFi). By using
Android software, the smartphone can activate the door lock automatically and
unlock the door within a specific range. Data transmission will be done using WiFi
technology. So, the user does not have to worry whether the door is lock or not
because user can control it by using their smartphone within a specific range. The
user also does not have to worry about the losing of the door key. The project that
will build consists of hardware and software development. After doing some
research, the result expectation for this project is the user can control the operation of
a door lock automatically and unlock the door within a specific range of WiFi using a
smartphone. Besides that, the door locking system must be function efficiently.
Experiment setup was done in order to test the performance of the designed system.
Results from analysis shows that when inside home, the connection between
smartphone and WiFi was lost after 40m while outside home, the connection
between smartphone and WiFi was lost after 150m. This proof that both situations,
as the distance is increasing, the delays are increased as well.
iii
DEDICATION
To my beloved mother and father who are always there for me
Tenku Ruzita Binti Tengku Mahmud and Mohammad Azmi Bin Ab Rahman
To my siblings
Nur-Fatihah Asyikin Binti Mohammad Azmi
Muhammad Fahmi Affandi Bin Mohammad Azmi
Mohammad Firdaus Aisy Bin Mohammad Azmi
To my lecturer and supervisor, for their guidance and encouragement
Mrs. Norlezah Binti Hashim
To my friends, for their unconditionally support
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, I would like to take this opportunity to express my deepest
grateful appreciation to all persons who have continuously giving me support,
advices, knowledge, understanding and contribution towards the successful in
completing of this Bachelor Degree Project.
In particular, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my supervisor,
Mrs. Norlezah Binti Hashim for encouragement, guidance, advices, suggestion and
motivation in developing this project. Besides that, I would like to thanks to
Al Hafiz Bin Riwayat for contributing towards my understanding and thoughts.
My sincere appreciation extends to all my undergraduate friends especially BETT
member of batch 2011-2015 who have helped me and shared brilliant ideas
throughout the whole year.
Last but not least, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude and deepest
thankfulness to my parent Mohammad Azmi Bin Ab Rahman and Tenku Ruzita
Binti Tengku Mahmud for their love, support and encouragement that they had given
to me.
v
TABLE OF CONTENT
Abstrak i
Abstract ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of Content v
List of Tables viii
List of Figures ix
List Abbreviations, Symbols and Nomenclatures xi
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Background 1
1.3 Problem Statement 2
1.4 Objective 3
1.5 Scope 3
1.5.1 Software 4
1.5.2 Hardware 4
1.6 Project Significant 4
1.7 Conclusion 5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 6
2.1 Introduction 6
2.2 Existing Devices 6
2.2.1 Lockitron 7
2.2.2 Unikey Kevo 8
2.2.3 August Smart Lock 9
2.2.4 Goji Smart Lock 10
2.3 Door Lock 11
2.3.1 Overview of Solenoid Lock 11
vi
2.3.2 Pull-type Solenoid Lock Construction 12
2.3.3 Locking System 14
2.3.3.1 Relay 14
2.4 Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) 15
2.4.1 Advantages of Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) 18
2.5 Android 19
2.5.1 Architecture of Android 19
2.5.2 Android Programming Basics 20
2.5.3 Android Version 20
2.6 Component Used 21
2.6.1 Peripheral Interface Circuit (PIC) Microcontroller 21
2.6.1.1 PIC16F877A Microcontroller 22
2.6.1.2 Advantages of Microcontroller 23
2.6.2 Xbee WiFi Wire Antenna 23
2.7 Conclusion 24
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 25
3.1 Project Implementation 25
3.1.1 Planning 28
3.1.1.1 Data Collection 28
3.1.1.2 Hardware and Software Requirement 29
3.1.1.2.1 Hardware Requirement 29
3.1.1.2.2 Software Requirement 29
3.1.2 Implementing 30
3.1.2.1 Printed Circuit Board (PCB) 30
3.1.2.2 Components 30
3.1.3 Checking 30
3.1.4 Testing 31
3.1.5 Analysis 31
3.2 Project Flowchart 31
3.3 Project Block Diagram 33
3.4 Expected Result 33
3.5 Conclusion 34
vii
CHAPTER 4: RESULT & DISCUSSION 35
4.1 Software Implementation 35
4.1.1 Programming in PCWH Compiler 35
4.1.2 Circuit Design in Proteus 8 38
4.1.3 Android Application in Eclipse Java 41
4.2 Hardware Implementation 43
4.3 Analysis of WiFi Performance 43
4.3.1 Inside Home 44
4.3.2 Outside Home 45
4.3.3 Comparison WiFi Performance 46
4.4 Circuit Performance 47
4.4.1 PIC16F877A 47
4.4.2 Relay 48
4.4.3 Pull-type Solenoid Lock 49
4.4.4 Xbee WiFi 50
4.5 Conclusion 50
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION & FUTURE WORK 51
5.1 Conclusion 51
5.2 Future Work 52
REFERENCES 53
APPENDICES
A Source Code of PIC16F877A
viii
LIST OF TABLES
2.1 Comparison between ZigBee, WiFi and Bluetooth 16
2.2 Popular IEEE WiFi standards 17
4.1 WiFi performance inside home 44
4.2 WiFi performance outside home 45
ix
LIST OF FIGURES
1.1 WiFi system drawing 4
2.1 Lockitron 7
2.2 Unikey Kevo 8
2.3
2.4
August Smart Lock
Goji Smart Lock
9
10
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
Solenoid lock
Pull-type solenoid lock construction
Magnetic field produced by a coil
Relay
Main parts in relay
Basic design relay
WiFi access point
11
13
13
14
15
15
16
2.12 Android system architecture 19
2.13 Android version 20
2.14 Microcontroller structure 21
2.15
2.16
3.1
Pin diagrams
Xbee WiFi Wire Antenna
Flowchart of the methodology
22
23
26
3.2
3.3
3.4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Step of methodology
Flowchart of the project
Project block diagram
Program header
I/O setting
Output pin description
WiFi data detected
Push button pressed
27
32
33
36
36
36
37
38
x
4.6 Schematic diagram 39
4.7 Double-sided PCB layout 39
4.8 Bottom side PCB layout 40
4.9 Top side PCB layout 41
4.10 Main configuration 42
4.11 Control interface 42
4.12 Circuit on PCB board 43
4.13 WiFi performance inside home 44
4.14 WiFi performance outside home 45
4.15 WiFi performance for indoor and outdoor 46
4.16 Input voltage of PIC 47
4.17 Relay performance when the door locked 48
4.18 Relay performance when the door unlocked 48
4.19 Solenoid performance when the door locked 49
4.20 Solenoid performance when the door unlocked 49
4.21 Xbee WiFi performance 50
xi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS AND
NOMENCLATURE
CPU - Central Processing Unit
dBm - Decibel-milliwatts
GND - Ground
IDE - Integrated Development Environment
iOS - iPhone Operating System
IP - Internet Protocol
LED - Light Emitting Diode
M - Meter
mA - MilliAmpere
Mbps - Mega bit per second
NC - Normally Closed
NFC - Near Field Communication
NO - Normally Open
PCB - Printed Circuit Board
PIC - Peripheral Interface Controller
PWR - Power
RAM - Random Access Memory
RFID - Radio Frequency Identification
ROM - Read Only Memory
RX - Receiver
SDK - Software Development Kit
Sec - Seconds
SPDT - Single Pole Double Throw
SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface
SSR - Solid State Relay
TX - Transmitter
UART - Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
xii
V - Volt
VDC - Voltage Direct Current
VLSI - Very Large Scale Intergration
WiFi - Wireless Fidelity
1
1.1 Introduction
Smartphone activated door lock using WiFi is designed for those who are forgetting
in locking the door. The system consists of solenoid lock and Android application.
People who have always losing the door key and forgetting to lock the door would
use this system to reduce the using of key to lock automatically and unlock the door
by using smartphone. The purpose of this project is to simplify the tasks of locking
and unlocking the door. The locking mechanism in the door can be activated
automatically and deactivated by smartphone using WiFi technology within specific
range.
1.2 Background
Nowadays, smartphone has variety of uses and have been designed to be used as
pocket-sized personal computers. Smartphone have utilizes many tool and service
which are Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) and Near Field Communication
(NFC). Today, WiFi is provided in many smartphones. This has allows an
electronic device to exchange data or connect to the internet wirelessly. Internets are
playing an important role in everyday environment. Many devices can be connected
to the internet such as smartphone.
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1
2
As technology develops, smartphone becomes one of the devices that can help to
monitor in any aspects. Since less awareness concern on door lock system, this
device will help in solving the problem. This project is a development for the home
system entry. This project will contribute more secure and advance technology
compatible to the latest invention and technology. Other than that, it will increase
the security technology of the home.
For this project, the locking system will activate automatically. By using Android
software, the smartphone can unlock the door within a specific range. Data
transmission will be done using WiFi technology. WiFi technology can locate a
signal almost anywhere. So, the user does not have to worry whether the door is lock
or not because it is automatically lock and they can control unlock the door by using
their smartphone within a specific range. The user also does not have to worry about
the losing of the door key.
1.3 Problem Statement
Most people always in the urgency situation. This might be causing the problems
such as forgetting to lock the door of their home. Sometimes, they might lose the
key of the door. Other than that, there is less security on the door lock which the
burglar can break the door.
3
1.4 Objective
The smartphone activated door lock using WiFi is one of the tools that can be used at
home. This project aims to create an alternative method for those who are always
forgetting to lock the door. Besides that, this project also helps for those who worry
about losing the door key. This project has several objectives which are:
(a) to create an application that would work from a smartphone and communicate
through WiFi network.
(b) to analyze the system design in term of detectable range and delay.
1.5 Scope
This project will concentrate at the Android application in order to unlock the door.
The smartphone that activated the unlocking system need to be identify in order to
connect with the microcontroller. Besides that, this project also designing the
circuits for locking the door automatically.
The scope of this project also will reveal about the testing of the project. This project
will be examined on how far the progress of the smartphone activated the unlocking
system of the door. Besides that, the range of the transmission channel also will be
evaluated and considered in order to achieve the objectives of this project. This
project will have software and hardware implementation.
4
1.5.1 Software
In order to work with this project, the software implementation needs to be
identified. The preliminary works for software searching are learning the usage of
the assembly language. Then, the software that used to load the program into the
chip need to be identified. The software used in this project is Java for Android
application and C language for Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC).
1.5.2 Hardware
For the hardware part, there are several works that has been done before proceed to
the project requirements. Firstly, design the door with the suitable lock attached to it
such as solenoid lock. Then, Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC) will be used to
program the PCB design.
1.6 Project Significance
The main reason of this project is to develop security of door lock system where the
owner of home, apartment or building can manage the door lock that activated
automatically and unlock the door that activated by smartphone using WiFi
technology. The door is automatically lock when the magnetic switch become closed
to each other.
Figure 1.1: WiFi system drawing
5
Figure 1.6.1 shows the overall of the WiFi system. As shown in this figure, the
wireless network device and the microcontroller will be place inside the home,
apartment or building which is placed at the door. The system will be managed
through the application in the smartphone to unlock the door and lock the door
automatically.
This project completely friendly interfacing due to it is lock automatically and can
unlock the door by using smartphone. Since it is friendly interfacing, when the user
at home, they can use the push button instead of using the smartphone. This can ease
the user.
1.7 Conclusion
This project describes the smartphone control the unlocking system and the way to
develop this system, simply install on the door and configure it to communicate with
the wireless network. By using Android, the application software will created for
smartphone to control the operation of unlock the door. The data transmission for
this project is using the WiFi technology. The door locking system also needs to
design for more secure which is automatically lock when the magnetic switch closed
to each other.
6
2.1 Introduction
Lock is a mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical
object such as key, keycard, fingerprint, RFID card or others. Locks are highly
important for safety and security of home, apartment or building. There are many
types of door locks that have been used which are passage lockset, privacy lockset,
dummy knob, entry lockset, deadbolt, night latch, keyless lock and mortise lock.
Each of the locks has their benefits and features. However, burglars can break
normal or typical locks with ease. This chapter will explains the existing device that
are on the market, solenoid lock, relay, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), Android and the
component used in this system.
2.2 Existing Devices
There are many door locks that are out on the market which are Lockitron, Unikey
Kevo, August Smart Lock and Goji Smart Lock. These door lock product have their
functionalities and features.
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER 2
7
2.2.1 Lockitron
Figure 2.1: Lockitron
Lockitron is the product which is likely similar with this project. The first iteration
of Lockitron replaced the deadbolt but the newer iteration which is upgradable
enough compare the previous iteration as shown in Figure 2.1. This door lock is
placed on the door lock from the inside and it can be easily removed and installed
elsewhere. Its batteries can last up to one year and can send a notification when the
door lock is running low.
Lockitron allows the user to lock their door from anywhere in the world through
WiFi. There are applications that provide for both iOS and Android. Besides that, it
also functions with other mobile phones which are through the simple text message.
There are many ways of locking and unlocking the door lock which are through the
internet by using the applications, through Bluetooth 4.0 while walking up to the
door or through NFC (Near Field Communication). Bluetooth 4.0 is only available
for some currently released Android smartphones and the Iphone 4S and 5. This
Lockitron is able to share access with family and friends by using their email address
or phone number. The user also receives notifications when the lock is being used
by someone else.
Lockitron is built upon Arduino which allows it to be open source and easily
modified with extra functions such as having secret knocks that unlock the door.
Lockitron also has integration with the smartwatch that allowing the user to control
the door lock through the watch.