smooth workload adaptive broadcast yang guo, lixin gao don towsley, subhabrata sen ieee transactions...
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![Page 1: Smooth Workload Adaptive Broadcast Yang Guo, Lixin Gao Don Towsley, Subhabrata Sen IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA, APRIL 2004](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d605503460f94a41103/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Smooth Workload Smooth Workload Adaptive BroadcastAdaptive Broadcast
Yang Guo, Lixin GaoYang Guo, Lixin Gao
Don Towsley, Subhabrata SenDon Towsley, Subhabrata SenIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA , APRIL 2004IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA , APRIL 2004
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OutlineOutline
• Introduction
• Workload adaptive broadcast architecture
• Flexible Periodic Broadcast
• Smooth Transition Property
• Performance Evaluation
• Conclusion
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IntroductionIntroduction
• Develop bandwidth-efficient techniques for– Delivering popular video– To a large, asynchronous client population– With time-varying demand characteristics
• In the past, PB (Periodic Broadcast) scheme was used
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Drawbacks of PB schemeDrawbacks of PB scheme
• Workload insensitivity– Not adapt to changing workload demands
• Delayed playback– Clients experience a playback delay
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What desirable in this scheme ?What desirable in this scheme ?
• Parsimonious transmission– Transmits a segment only if required
• Workload adaption– Dynamically adjusts the number of channels
• Instantaneous playback– Enables instantaneous or near-instantaneous
playback
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Related WorkRelated Work
• Compare to “Data broadcasting and seamless channel transition for highly-demanded video”– Advantage: smooth channel transition
property– Disadvantage:
• It require the client to listen to all channels simultaneously
• Without using parsimonious transmission, so become inefficient when a video turn to unpopular
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Workload adaptive broadcast Workload adaptive broadcast architecturearchitecture
1
2request
Client Server
2
1
unicast
multicast
1. Modified PB
scheduler
2. Workload adaptor
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Modified PB SchedulerModified PB Scheduler
B B B B B B B B B B B B
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(multicast)
Instantaneous playback (unicast)
6 7 8 9 6 7 8 9 6 7 8 9
4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5
A A
Client 1 Client 2
Parsimonious
PB
(multicast)
Near-Instaneous playback (multicast)
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Workload AdaptorWorkload Adaptor
• Determine optimal channel number depend on the arrival rate and video length
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Workload AdaptorWorkload Adaptor
• – : the arrival rate after the n-th update period
– : the number of arrivals during n-th period
– : the weight
– : the period length
/)1(1 nnn
Awwn
nAw
W , the average arrival rate converges to the current arrival rated
more quickly
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Flexible Periodic BroadcastFlexible Periodic Broadcast
• Fn : Channel n is responsible for delivering Fn consecutive segments to clients
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Server Transmission scheduleServer Transmission schedule
• Suppose FPB use K channels to transmit a video clip of length L
• Start rule : n-th channel start transmission after (n-1)-th channel complete the transmission of segments
• Repeat Rule : Each channel repeat its transmission schedule once every
segments
1nF
KF
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Server Transmission ScheduleServer Transmission Schedule
• Transmission schedule within a period:– For channel n, n=2,3,…,K-1, the transmission
schedule comprises K-n+1 batches of segments– The first batch consists of segments
• Ex. K=6, n=3, -> [3+1,6] -> (4,5,6)
– The second batch, the same as the leading segments in the first batch -> (4,5)
– Batch i, ,consist of segments contained in the previous i-2 batches, from batch 1 to batch i-2 -> (4,5,6) (4,5,6,4,5)
1nF
1 2 3 5 8 13
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Server Transmission ScheduleServer Transmission Schedule
4 5 6 4 5 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5
20
21
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23
24
25
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27
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32
7 8 9 10
11
7 8 9 7 8 9 10
11
1,2,3,5,8,13
12
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19
12
13
14
15
16
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Channel 3
Channel 1
Channel 4
Channel 5
Channel 6
Channel 2
Six-channel cluster and its sub-cluster in FPB
5-channel cluster
6-channel cluster
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Client Reception ScheduleClient Reception Schedule
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Client Reception ScheduleClient Reception Schedule
4 5 6 4 5 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5
20
21
22
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24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
7 8 9 10
11
7 8 9 7 8 9 10
11
1,2,3,5,8,13
12
13
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15
16
17
18
19
12
13
14
15
16
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Channel 3
Channel 1
Channel 4
Channel 5
Channel 6
Channel 2
Six-channel cluster and its sub-cluster in FPB
5-channel cluster
4-channel cluster
T P
Wanted segments
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Client Reception ScheduleClient Reception Schedule
4 5 6 4 5 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
7 8 9 10
11
7 8 9 7 8 9 10
11
1,2,3,5,8,13
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
12
13
14
15
16
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Channel 3
Channel 1
Channel 4
Channel 5
Channel 6
Channel 2
Six-channel cluster and its sub-cluster in FPB
5-channel cluster
4-channel cluster
T P
Wanted segments
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Client Reception ScheduleClient Reception Schedule
4 5 6 4 5 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
7 8 9 10
11
7 8 9 7 8 9 10
11
1,2,3,5,8,13
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
12
13
14
15
16
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Channel 3
Channel 1
Channel 4
Channel 5
Channel 6
Channel 2
Six-channel cluster and its sub-cluster in FPB
4-channel cluster
3-channel cluster
T P
Wanted segments
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Client Reception ScheduleClient Reception Schedule
4 5 6 4 5 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
7 8 9 10
11
7 8 9 7 8 9 10
11
1,2,3,5,8,13
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
12
13
14
15
16
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Channel 3
Channel 1
Channel 4
Channel 5
Channel 6
Channel 2
Six-channel cluster and its sub-cluster in FPB
4-channel cluster
3-channel cluster
T P
Wanted segments
![Page 20: Smooth Workload Adaptive Broadcast Yang Guo, Lixin Gao Don Towsley, Subhabrata Sen IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA, APRIL 2004](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d605503460f94a41103/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Client Reception ScheduleClient Reception Schedule
4 5 6 4 5 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
7 8 9 10
11
7 8 9 7 8 9 10
11
1,2,3,5,8,13
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
12
13
14
15
16
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Channel 3
Channel 1
Channel 4
Channel 5
Channel 6
Channel 2
Six-channel cluster and its sub-cluster in FPB
3-channel cluster
2-channel cluster
T P
Wanted segments
![Page 21: Smooth Workload Adaptive Broadcast Yang Guo, Lixin Gao Don Towsley, Subhabrata Sen IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA, APRIL 2004](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d605503460f94a41103/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Client Reception ScheduleClient Reception Schedule
4 5 6 4 5 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
7 8 9 10
11
7 8 9 7 8 9 10
11
1,2,3,5,8,13
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
12
13
14
15
16
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Channel 3
Channel 1
Channel 4
Channel 5
Channel 6
Channel 2
Six-channel cluster and its sub-cluster in FPB
3-channel cluster
2-channel cluster
T P
Wanted segments
![Page 22: Smooth Workload Adaptive Broadcast Yang Guo, Lixin Gao Don Towsley, Subhabrata Sen IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA, APRIL 2004](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d605503460f94a41103/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Client Reception ScheduleClient Reception Schedule
4 5 6 4 5 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
7 8 9 10
11
7 8 9 7 8 9 10
11
1,2,3,5,8,13
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
12
13
14
15
16
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Channel 3
Channel 1
Channel 4
Channel 5
Channel 6
Channel 2
Six-channel cluster and its sub-cluster in FPB
T,P
Wanted segments
![Page 23: Smooth Workload Adaptive Broadcast Yang Guo, Lixin Gao Don Towsley, Subhabrata Sen IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA, APRIL 2004](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d605503460f94a41103/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Client Reception ScheduleClient Reception Schedule
4 5 6 4 5 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
7 8 9 10
11
7 8 9 7 8 9 10
11
1,2,3,5,8,13
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
12
13
14
15
16
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Channel 3
Channel 1
Channel 4
Channel 5
Channel 6
Channel 2
Six-channel cluster and its sub-cluster in FPB
T,P
Wanted segments
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Smooth Transition PropertySmooth Transition Property
• The clients already starting their service not experience any disruption during the transition
• The newly arrived clients make use of the FPB scheme with K’ channels
• The total number of channels used during the transition period is no larger than max{ K, K’ }
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Smooth Transition PropertySmooth Transition Property
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Smooth Transition PropertySmooth Transition Property
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
Comparison of PB scheme (requiring clients listen to two channels)
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
Efficiency of Parsimonious FPB
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
Performance of the smooth workload adaptive scheme
single video case
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
Performance of the smooth workload adaptive scheme
single video case
![Page 31: Smooth Workload Adaptive Broadcast Yang Guo, Lixin Gao Don Towsley, Subhabrata Sen IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA, APRIL 2004](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d605503460f94a41103/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
Performance of the smooth workload adaptive scheme
multiple video case
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ConclusionConclusion
• Present – a workload adaptive broadcast architecture an
d – smooth workload broadcast based on FPB– To provide VoD service to a large, asynchron
ous client population with time-varying workload