social assessment report of harbin cold weather smart ...€¦ · 2 socioeconomic profile of the...

Social Assessment Report

of

Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System Project

Management office of Harbin Smart Public

Transportation System Construction Project

Oct 2013

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wb452162

Typewritten Text

RP1506 v4

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 31 Sep 2013)

Currency unit – Yuan (CNY)

CNY 1.00 =$0.1627

$1.00 = CNY6.1480

ABBREVIATION

AH Affected Household

AP Affected Person

CNY Abbreviation for Yuan, PRC’s currency

DI Design Institute

EA Executing agency

EAR Environmental Assessment Report

FSR Feasibility Study Report

HCWSPTSP Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System

Project

HH Household

HMDRC Harbin Municipal Development and Reform Commission

HMTB Harbin Municipal Transport Bureau

LAB Land Administration Bureau

LA&R Land Acquisition and Resettlement

LAO Land Acquisition Office

LPMO Local Project Management Office

M&E Monitoring and Evaluation

mu Chinese land area unit of measure: 1 mu = 0.0667 ha

NGO Non-Government Organization

PMO Project Management Office

PRC People’s Republic of China

RMB Renminbi—another word for the PRC Currency, the Yuan

RAP Resettlement Action Plan

SA Social Assessment

SES Socioeconomic Survey

WB World Bank

NOTES

(i) The fiscal year of the Government of the People’s Republic of China and its

agencies ends on 31 December.

(ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars and “¥” refers to CNY or Yuan

Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System

Content

1 Background ..................................................................................... 1

1.1 Project Description .............................................................................. 1

1.2 Tasks and Objectives of Social Assessment ..................................... 5

1.2.1 Tasks of Social Assessment .................................................... 5

1.2.2 Objectives of Social Assessment ............................................. 6

1.3 Bases of Social Assessment ............................................................... 6

1.4 Scope of Social Assessment and its Main Contents ......................... 8

1.4.1 Scope of Social Assessment ................................................... 8

1.4.2 Main Contents of Social Assessment ...................................... 9

1.5 Process of Investigation .................................................................... 10

2 Socioeconomic Profile of the Project Area and the Project

Introduction .................................................................................................. 16

2.1 Socioeconomic Profile of the Project Area ...................................... 16

2.1.1 Introduction of the Project Area ............................................. 16

2.1.2 Women and Children ............................................................. 19

2.1.3 Disabled ................................................................................. 21

2.1.4 Elderly .................................................................................... 22

2.1.5 Floating Population ................................................................ 22

2.1.6 Poverty .................................................................................. 23

2.1.7 Ethnic Minorities .................................................................... 24

2.2 Project Area ........................................................................................ 25


2.2.1 Areas Directly Affected by Land Acquisition and House

Demolition 25

2.2.2 Beneficial Areas ..................................................................... 28

2.3 The Roles and Impacts of Urban Planning and Policies to the Project

34

2.4 Analysis on the Role of Governments in the Project ...................... 37

2.4.1 The Evaluation of Government Fulfilling Its Management

Functions 38

2.4.2 The Evaluation of the Role of Governments as a Public

Investor 40

3 Social Impact Analysis ................................................................. 42

3.1 Project Impacts at Economic Dimensions ....................................... 42

3.1.1 Regional Economy ................................................................. 42

3.1.2 Residents’ Income and Distribution ....................................... 43

3.1.3 Employment ........................................................................... 44

3.1.4 Infrastructure and Social Services ......................................... 45

3.1.5 Urbanization........................................................................... 45

3.1.6 Vulnerable Groups ................................................................. 47

3.2 Project Impacts at Social Dimensions .............................................. 48

3.2.1 Social Environment .................................................................. 48

3.2.2 Cultural Heritage .................................................................... 49

3.2.3 Religious Facilities and Worship Facilities ............................. 50

3.2.4 Analysis on Special Impacts .................................................. 50


3.3 Project Environmental Impacts ......................................................... 53

3.4 Other Impacts ..................................................................................... 54

4. Stakeholder Analysis .................................................................... 56

4.1 Main Stakeholders Identification ...................................................... 56

4.1.1 Process of stakeholders identification .................................... 56

4.1.2 Category and analysis of the stakeholders ............................ 60

4.2 Requirements of Main Stakeholders.................................................... 62

4.2.1 Government of Harbin City .................................................... 62

4.2.2 Leader Group of HCWSPTSPand PMO of Harbin City .......... 63

4.2.3 Other Agencies of Government ............................................. 64

4.2.4 Implementation Agencies ......................................................... 65

4.2.5 Impacted Groups ................................................................... 67

4.2.6 Public transport Travellers ..................................................... 67

4.2.7 Special Groups ...................................................................... 69

4.3 Project Impact Analysis to Stakeholders ......................................... 76

4.3.1 Government of Harbin City .................................................... 76

4.3.2 PMO of Harbin City .................................................................. 76

4.3.3 Other Agencies of Government ............................................. 76

4.3.4 Implementation Agency ......................................................... 77

4.3.5 Groups Impacted by the Land Requisition ............................. 77

4.3.6 Public transport Travellers ..................................................... 78

4.3.7 Special Groups ...................................................................... 78


5. Mutual Adaptability Analysis of the Project and the Local

Society 79

5.1 The Mutual Adaptabilities of Different Stakeholders and the Project

79

5.2 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local Organizations,

Social Structures ............................................................................................... 83

5.2.1 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local

Organizations ........................................................................................... 83

5.2.2 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Social Structures

87

5.3 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local Technology,

Culture Conditions ............................................................................................. 89

5.3.1 Whether Local Technology Meet The Requirements of Project

89

5.3.2 Whether Cultural Conditions Conflict with The Project .......... 90

6. Social Risk Analysis ..................................................................... 91

6.1. Identification of Social Risk ........................................................... 91

6.1.1 Social Risks in the Early Phase of Projects .......................... 91

6.1.2 Social Risks during Construction Phase ............................... 93

6.1.3 Social Risks during Operation Phase ................................... 96

6.2. Mitigating Measures ..................................................................... 101

6.2.1 Measures for Risk Mitigating at Early Stage of Project ....... 101

6.2.2 Risk Aversion Measures During Construction..................... 103

6.2.3 Risk Aversion Measures During the Operation ................... 108


7. The Sustainability Analysis of the Project ................................ 110

7.1. The Sustainability Analysis of the Social Benefit ....................... 110

7.2. The Sustainability Analysis of the finance .................................. 114

7.3. The Sustainability Analysis of the Technologies and

Organizations ................................................................................................... 118

7.4. The Sustainability Analysis of the Economy .............................. 120

8. Planning and Implementation of Social Management ............. 121

8.1. Social Management Plan of the Project ...................................... 121

8.1.1 Develop Resettlement policy framework ............................. 121

8.1.2 Social Impact Mitigation Plan of the Project during

Construction ........................................................................................... 121

8.1.3 Social Impact Mitigation Plan during Operation of the Project

123

8.1.4 Developing Traffic Safety Management Plan ...................... 124

8.1.5 Vulnerable Groups (Old and Sick Pregnant, etc.) Care Plans

124

8.1.6 Stakeholder participation plan............................................. 125

8.1.7 Early involvement of relevant government departments ..... 133

8.1.8 Early Involvement of Traffic Management Bureau .............. 133

8.1.9 Early Participation in the Transport Sector ......................... 134

8.1.10 Early Involvement of Ordinary Urban Residents ............... 135

8.2. Implementation of Social Management Plan ............................... 139

8.2.1 Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Building ............... 139


8.2.2 Implementation Plan ........................................................... 142

8.2.3 Emergency Plans ................................................................ 143

9. Monitoring and Evaluation Implementation of Social

Management Plan ...................................................................................... 145

9.1. Monitoring Agencies .................................................................... 145

9.2. Monitoring Steps and Content ..................................................... 146

9.2.1 Monitoring Steps ................................................................. 146

9.2.2 Monitoring contents ............................................................ 146

9.3. Indicator System ........................................................................... 147

9.4. Monitoring and Evaluation Report ............................................... 149

10. Conclusions and Suggestions ................................................ 150

10.1. Conclusions ............................................................................... 150

10.1.1 The construction of project will promote local sustainable

development. ......................................................................................... 150

10.1.2 Most residents support the construction of the project ...... 150

10.1.3 Implementation of the project will be beneficial to the

development of vulnerable groups ......................................................... 150

10.1.4 Public participation policy has been preliminary established

151

10.1.5 Projects have little impact on ethnic minorities .................. 151

10.2. Suggestions ............................................................................... 151

10.2.1 Further strengthen public participation .............................. 151

10.2.2 Increase the Transparency of Project Information ............ 151


10.2.3 Measures and Suggestions to Promote the Anti-poverty .. 152

10.2.4 Recommendations for specific project construction content

153

10.2.5 Mitigation Measures and Suggestions for Environment

Impact during The Construction ............................................................. 156

10.2.6 Suggestions to Intensify The Unified Management of Bus

System 156

Annex 1 Social Investigation Questionnaire of Project ................... 158

Annex 2 The Taxi Driver Social Investigation Questionnaire ......... 168

Annex 3 Social Investigation Questionnaire for Traffic Police ....... 171

Annex 4 Social Investigation Questionnaire about Floating

Population .................................................................................................. 175

Annex 5 Bus drivers investigation questionnaire ............................ 177

Annex 6 Summarizes of Questionnaire Investigation on Social

Assessment ................................................................................................ 180

Annex 7 First public participation meeting minutes ..................... 263

Annex 8 Second public participation meeting ................................. 265

Annex 9 Interview Location: Harbin City Hongqiao Junior High

School ......................................................................................................... 266

Annex 10 Interview Location: Harbin Hongqiao first primary School

..................................................................................................................... 268

Annex 11 Interview Location: Harbin Huaxing Primary School ...... 269

Annex 12 Committee on Aging Symposium..................................... 269

Annex 13 Harbin Daoli District Disabled discussion ....................... 273


Annex 14 Harbin Low-income groups forum ................................... 275

Annex 15 Harbin City Women's Symposium .................................... 276

Annex 16 Harbin City Women's Forum 2 .......................................... 279

Annex 17 Heilongjiang Flying Wing Transportation Company

Interview ..................................................................................................... 282

Annex 18 Heilongjiang Longyun Modern Limited (Taxi) Interview . 284


1

1 Background

1.1 Project Description

With the development of Harbin city, the number of motor vehicles

increase rapidly. Meanwhile, the urban transport issues, with the most typical

characteristics as urban congestion, become prominent gradually which need

to resolve in an immediate way. Based on the spirit of “The Twelfth Five-Year

Economic and Social Development Plan of Harbin City”, and considering the

actual requirements of traffic development, Harbin municipal government

established a development strategic with the priority to public transport, and

proposed to build a smart public transport system which can enhance the

development of regional economy, society, urban environment, and urban

development through the construction sustainable transportation.

Accordingly, the Harbin municipal government intends to loan from World

Bank, to carry out Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System

Project (hereinafter called the Project or HCWSPTSP). The overall goal of this

project is taking the scientific development concept as the guiding ideology,

facing the extremely cold weather in the city, by developing people-oriented,

transit-oriented, efficient and safe, low-carbon environmental protection,

sustainable economic and convenient public transportation system, with the

features of low energy consumption, low pollution, low land occupation, low

travel costs and low financial burden, actively responding to the urban

transportation problems caused by the extremely cold weather, urbanization,

and motorization superimposing, and promoting the sustainable development

of urban transport, which may also provide metropolitan public transportation

development in extremely cold regions with available successful practices and

case that can be implemented, learned from, and can promoted. And finally it

would provide an important transportation security for the realization of

economic revitalization of Heilongjiang Province.


2

The total investment of the project is 1.4 billion Yuan, of which 610 million

Yuan (100 million USD) will be loaned from World Bank and the remaining part

of the money is solved by the local government’s counterpart funding that

accounted for 57.02%.

According to the project feasibility study report (FSR), this project includes

the following aspects:

A. Bus priority corridors project, including: Bus priority corridors of Youyi

Road (Highway Bridge-Tonggang Street), Hongqi Street (Dongzhi

Road-Jinxiang Street) and Xinyang Road (Xiangzheng Street-Jincheng Street).

The main construction contains road engineering, drainage engineering,

landscape engineering and other subsidiary engineering of bus priority

corridors;

B. Public transport infrastructure projects, including: the public transport

infrastructure construction that contains the construction of Xiangbin Road

terminal station, first and last bus stations of Hexie Road and Qunli First Road;

bus procurement, 200 environmental protection and energy saving buses ;

C. Transport management and security construction projects, including:

the construction of bus priority, road safety system and control system, the

construction of bus priority, road safety monitoring and law enforcement

system, the construction of bus priority and the road safety scheduling

command center;

D. Road maintenance and emergency response construction projects,

including: construction of bus priority road and geographic information

management system, and purchases of special motor vehicles for traffic

safety；

E. Institutional capacity building projects, including: Training for

transportation and safety management personnel, Institutional capacity to

strengthen the project management institution.

The project logical framework is showed in Figure 1-1.


3

Figure 1-1 Project Framework

In order to do a good job in the HCWSPTSP Loaned by World Bank, Harbin

City People's Government set up the project construction leading group,

constituted by the main leaders of the Harbin Municipal Development and

Reform Commission(HMDRC), Harbin Municipal Construction Committee,

Harbin Municipal Transportation Bureau(HMTB), the Municipal Finance Bureau,

the Municipal Planning Bureau, the Municipal Land Administration Bureau, the

Municipal Urban Management Bureau, the Municipal Public Security Traffic

Management Bureau, the Municipal Transportation Group, and Harbin Urban

Construction Investment Group co., LTD, The Institutional structure of the

project is showed in Figure 1-2.

Public Transport Infrastructure Construction

Construction of

Buses

Bus Intelligence

Traffic Management and Safety Construction Project

Bus Priority and Road Safety Control Systems

Construction of Bus Priority and Road Safety

Monitoring and Enforcement

Bus Priority and Road Safety Dispatching Center

Bus Priority Corridors

Bus Priority Corridors Construction

Bus Priority Corridors Intelligence

Road Maintenance and Emergency Response Construction

Construction of Test Equipment for Roads and

B id

Construction of Road Maintenance System

Construction of Emergency Response System

Institutional Capacity Building

Study on urban transportation construction

financing and strategies to

improve public transport

Study on the comprehensive

emergency management strategies of

inclement weather

Public transportation

and safety management

training

Strengthen the capacity of

project management

institution

Domestic and international research and

training


4

Figure 1-2 Figure of the Institutional Structure of the Project

Harbin Municipal Transportation Bureau takes the lead of this project. The

construction of the project will last for 5 years, from January 2014 to April 2018,

about 52 months totally.

The benefit area of the project is Harbin City in Heilongjiang Province, but

the specific content of the project is concentrated in the central urban area of

Harbin.1

1 The central urban area of Harbin means administrative jurisdictions including Nangang District, Daoli

District, Daowai District, Xiangfang District, Pingfang District and Songbei District.

Leading group of the Construction Project of Harbin Smart Public Transportation System under Extremely

Office of leading group of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation

system project

Project management office of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public

Transportation System Project

Subproject implementation

Institutional Capacity Building

Bus Priority Corridors Project

Public Transport Infrastructure project

Transport management and security construction project

Road Maintenance and Emergency Response Construction Project

Instruct

Coordinate

Supervise and guide

Municipal government

Development and Reform Commission

Planning Bureau

Finance Bureau

Land Resources Bureau

Environmental Protection Bureau

Housing and Urban Construction

Transportation Bureau

Urban Management Bureau

Public Security & Traffic Management Bureau

Coordinating


5

Figure 1-3 Geographical Location Map and Administrative Zoning Map for Harbin City

1.2 Tasks and Objectives of Social Assessment

1.2.1 Tasks of Social Assessment

A. Investigate and understand the social economic status of the project

area;

B. Identify the stakeholders of the project, carry out the mutual

adoptability analysis;

C. Identify the positive and negative effects may generated during the

implementation and operation process of the project, take vulnerable groups

and target groups and their appealing to the project into special consideration;

D. Design/carry out extensive and effective ways and channels for public

participation, develop plans for information disclosure and public participation,

to make sure that varies stakeholders can participate in all processes of the

project effectively, and insert their reasonable suggests and requirements into

project design in time, in order to achieve the project goal of inclusive

development manner;


6

E. Put forward measures to eliminate or reduce negative impact, social

management plan and risk monitoring program.

1.2.2 Objectives of Social Assessment

The main purpose of the social assessment is to identify the various

possible social impacts and social risks, make recommendations to eliminate

or minimize the social negative effects produced by the implementation of the

project and increase the positive social impact. During the project preparation

stage, adopt the participatory approach, listen to the demands of different

interest groups, achieve the project tasks and benefit more different

stakeholders, promote the development in project areas inclusively;

The project preparation, design, construction and operational

management meet the project area socio-economic development goals, local

circumstances and specific development needs of the target population;

provide people in the project area with wider development; improve the social,

economic, environmental effect of project implementation and make the

project to contribute to the project of regional social development goals;

promote the coordinated development of population, society, economy and

environment; meanwhile, but also for better implement the Safeguard Polices

of World Bank and all the rights specified in the policy of the affected

population in the project and carry out the scientific development of

"five-in-one" policy in China at the same time.

1.3 Bases of Social Assessment

Social assessment of the project adheres to the people-oriented concept

of development; adheres to objectivity, impartiality, fairness, legality,

democracy and scientific principle, and strives to minimize project social risk

and maximize project social benefit.

Social assessment of the project is based on the relevant laws,


7

regulations, and policies of the Nation, Heilongjiang Province, and Harbin City,

regard the World Bank’s “five focuses” as the key point of social analysis

project, which include social diversity and gender, institutions, regulations and

behavior, stakeholders, participation and social risks. As the focus of project

social analysis, social risks are implemented gradually through adopting the

assessment method of overall process, participation and various angles.

Specifically shown in table 1-1:

Table 1-1 Base of Social Assessment

Type Name Enacted time

Policies of WB

The World Bank operations manual——OP/BP 4.12 Involuntary Immigrants

Dec.2001

The World Bank operations manual－－Business

policy OP4.10 Minorities Jul.2005

The World Bank operations manual——OP 4.00 Environment and Social Security Problem under the Pilot Use by the Borrower Countries Treat the Project Loaned by the World Bank

Mar.2005

The World Bank operations manual－－OP 4.11

Cultural Relics Aug.1999

Resettlement Monitoring and Evaluation Manual for the Project Loaned by the World in China (Discussion paper)

Jun.2000

Laws and regulations in China

The Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China

Aug.2004

The Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China

Dec.1989

The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution

Feb. 2008

The Women's Rights and Interests Protection Act of the People's Republic of China

1st Oct.1992

The Government Information Disclosure Ordinance of the People's Republic of China

Jun.2007

Name Unit

Industry docu

Social Assessment Manual for Investment

Projects in China

China International

Engineering Consulting


8

Type Name Enacted time ments

Corporation

Guideline for the Feasibility Study of Investment

Projects

China International Engineering Consulting Corporation

Project data

Master plan in Harbin City Twelfth Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development in Harbin City

“Twelfth five” Environment Protection Plan in Harbin City

Project Proposal of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project

Harbin International Engineering Consulting Center Beijing China Consulting Overseas Consulting co., LTD

Feasibility Study Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project

Harbin International Engineering Consulting Center Beijing China Consulting Overseas Consulting co., LTD

Environmental impact assessment of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project

Environment ASTRI in Heilongjiang Province

1.4 Scope of Social Assessment and its Main Contents

1.4.1 Scope of Social Assessment

The scope of social assessment of the project is the project’s influence

area and benefit area. The influence area of the project is the main urban area

of Harbin; the benefit area is the whole Harbin City. To the influence area, the

SA mainly investigates and analyzes the negative effects to groups in the area

and surrounding area, which include the category of this effect, the extent of

this effect and the measures and suggestions of reducing this effect. To the

benefit area, the SA mainly investigates and analyzes the positive effects

bringing by the construction of the project, and maximizes the benefits.


9

In order to get the objective, it is neceaasry to investigate and research

the main social problems in the project area, including social and economic

status in project area, social and economic problems, social security policy,

and the duty performance of the management and implementation institution in

project area, specifically issues such as social gender issues, ethnic and

religious issues, vulnerable groups issues, environment issues, employment

issues, social security issues, land acquisition and relocation issues may be

involved because of the site selection, etc. are all in the range of the social

assessment.

1.4.2 Main Contents of Social Assessment

The social assessment of the project mainly includes: social analysis

(Social Impact Analysis of the project, the stakeholder analysis, analysis of

social adaptability, social risk analysis of the project, project sustainability

analysis), assessment of the public functions of government in project

construction, social management plan and implementation of monitoring and

evaluation etc.

Favorable social impacts of this project mainly show as follow: Project

outputs are important urban public infrastructures, they are the basic elements

of urban production, urban economic and social development. Project

construction can guarantee public traffic supply in Harbin City; improve the

public transport situation of Harbin City, improve people's living standard and

life quality, promote economic and social development.

Adverse social impacts of this project mainly show as follows: different

interest groups such as residents (especially vulnerable groups among them),

enterprises and institutions may be adversely affected in the project area; With

the gradual increase of municipal infrastructure construction level and product

quality standard, it will bring about changes in social services or the price of

public goods, which may increase the economical burden of the poor or


10

vulnerable groups in the urban.

The key points of social assessment of the project are: Understand the

feelings, attitudes and needs of Project beneficiaries on the project

construction (Especially the public transport needs in the winter cold season),

understand their willingness and ability to pay; the land expropriation and

housing demolition and resettlement activities that may involved in the project

should be concerned, analysis and evaluation of the negative impacts on the

impaired groups of the project, propose a reasonable compensation measures

and means; In the process of bus-product updates and files, analysis of the

different groups of the willingness and ability to pay, balance the problems of

the public transportation costs; seek the views and demands of the projects for

specific groups(Old, weak, sick, disabled, women, migrants, etc.), consider

and absorb their recommendations in the design of the project (the platform,

road, signal, command and control system); should provide policy support to

the poor or vulnerable groups, help them to alleviate the economic pressure,

they can also benefit from the project.

1.5 Process of Investigation

Public Administration School of Hohai University undertakes the SA work

of the project that commissioned by Harbin Harbin Municipal Transportion

Bureau (commissioned by Harbin International Engineering Consulting Center

in the earlier stage), and carries out the first field investigation from Mar. 19th

to Mar. 30th, 2013.

The purpose of the survey is to target stakeholder travel status, traffic

safety awareness and education will, transportation infrastructure construction

will and their views of the project. Determine the project's main stakeholders

and their interaction with the project, including what kind of influence of the

proposed project will affect them, and their influence may be applied to the

project.


11

Collect the part of the official data and information; carry out the

questionnaire of the SA of the project, interview and symposium and survey all

the proposed sites of the project during field investigation.

The literature and data collected, included: Statistical Yearbook of the

past three years, the aging population, women and other special data in Harbin

City, the latest project proposal, project pre-feasibility study report and some

special planning reports etc.

Perform random sample surveys which focus on residents, passengers,

taxi drivers, bus drivers and traffic police etc. that in the scope of the proposed

projects, three bus priority corridors, first and last stop, transfer center and

other related sub-project included. There are a total of 580 questionnaires

were given out (500 combination questionnaires, 30 questionnaires for bus

driver, 50 questionnaires for foreogn population inside) and all questionnaires

are valid. Questionnaires were used in open, closed and semi-open

semi-enclosed three forms in order to reflect the respondents’ views accurately,

objectively and comprehensively.

Research group organized a number of special meetings for public

participation (the elderly, women, disabled, etc.), successively performed the

discussion or the special interview with Traffic bureau, Finance Bureau, Ethnic

and Religious Affairs Bureau, the Bureau of Civil Affairs, Senior Citizens' Work

Committee, the Women’s Federation, Federation of the Disabled, Education

Bureau, bus companies (including state-run and privately-owned), taxi

companies, etc. during field investigation.

Use participant observation, interview with three schools along the line

and some potential sensitive points (residential quarters, religious places,

hospitals, shopping malls and others) during field investigation.

Also, SA team surveyed some of the projects' addresses (first and last

stop, parking protection sites) and conducted a symposium with relative units.


12

The SA group not only makes more people know about the basic information

of the project, but also collects the residents’ opinion and suggestions directly

by questionnaire survey. The SA group gains the first hand information,

understands the situation, requirements and suggestions of direct

stakeholders by investigating the project site and visiting the residents,

advertise the purpose and the expected effect of the project correctly,

eliminate their worries due to the misunderstand of the project. The detailed

investigation process is listed in table 1-2.

Table 1-2 Investigation Process

Investigation process

A. During the period from 15th Mar.2013 to 30th Mar.2013, questionnaire

investigation group carried out the questionnaire investigation.

B. 19th Mar.2013, public participated in the meeting.

The director of HMDRC, relative people in foreign affairs office of HMDRC, previous

department of Harbin International Engineering Consulting Center, Traffic Management

Bureau, Transport Department, Urban Management Bureau, the Planning Bureau in Harbin

City, International Engineering Consulting Center, Hohai University, Environment ASTRI of

Heilongjiang Province attended the meeting. The meeting introduced the HCWSPTSP,

explained the work that should be accomplished by each department.

C. 20th Mar. 2013, public participated in the meeting for the second time.

The director of HMDRC, relative people in foreign affairs office of HMDRC, previous

department of Harbin International Engineering Consulting Center, delegates from each

department (Ethnic and Religious Affairs Bureau, the Women’s Federation, the Bureau of

Civil Affairs, Federation of the Disabled, Senior Citizens' Work Committee, Tourism Bureau,

Land Resources Bureau, Finance Bureau, Price Bureau, The Environmental Protection

Agency, Traffic bureau, Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, Education Bureau),

SA group from Hohai University attended the meeting. The director of HPDRC introduced

the Harbin cold weather smart cold transportation system project to all the delegates, SA


13


group from Hohai University introduced the SA work, and arranged the visiting time to each

department.

D. 22th Mar.2013, elderly participated in the meeting.

The director and the deputy director of Human Rights Commissioner of Senior Citizens'

Work Committee attended the meeting. During the meeting, the elderly delegates provided

their suggestion in terms of problems they met while taking the buses.

E. 22nd Mar.2013, pupils and middle school students participated in the meeting.

Visit Harbin Hongqiao junior high school, Harbin Hongqiao first primary school， Harbin

xinghua primary school. Understand the present situation of these schools, the

requirements and problems of primary and middle school students while taking the buses

from each headmaster.

F. 25th Mar.2013, welfare group participated in the meeting.

The section chief of the Bureau of Civil Affairs, the section chief of Fushun Street Office,

welfare delegates attended the meeting. The meeting knew the views and suggestions of

welfare group to the project.

G. Morning in 26th Mar.2013, women participated in the meeting.

The chairman and vice-chairman of the Women’s Federation of Daowai District and

other eleven women delegates attended the meeting. These eleven women delegates came

from different positions and put forward their views and suggestions in terms of macro and

micro.

H. Afternoon in 26th Mar.2013, bus company participated in the meeting.

We visited the Harbin head bus company. Manager of the company, Minister of Ministry

of information operations, and leaders of each fleet attended the meeting. We acknowledge

the basic situation and operation situation of the company, their views to project and

problems hope to be solved.

I. Morning in 27th Mar.2013, women participated in the meeting for the second time.


14


Twelve women delegates from different position, have different standard of education,

and covered the large age span. In the meeting, they put forward a lot of views and opinions

in terms of requirements of women.

J. Afternoon in 27th Mar.2013, privately owned companies participated in the

meeting.

Visited Feiyi Passenger Transportation Company. The manage introduced the basic

situation of the company, problems existed during operation; they showed support to the

project and put forward some suggestions at the same time.

K. Morning in 28th Mar.2013, the disabled participated in the meeting.

L. Afternoon in 28th Mar.2013, survey the first and last stop and the parking

protection sites).

Investigated the first road comprehensive hub station in Qunli, Haxi No. 3 first and last

stop, a hub station, bus stop on Xiangbin Road, and acknowledged the situation of sites

surrounding the construction site.

M. 29th Mar. 2013, interviewed the taxi company.

Visited Heilongjiang Xiandai Co., LTD. The deputy manager introduced the basic

situation and put forward reasonable suggestion. He said the construction of roads and the

intelligent system was very helpful to the operation of cab companies.

On July 9, 2013, participated in the project preparation meeting that mainly

focus on coordinating and boosting the project, and communicated with

feasibility study units, EIA units and owners.

On July 19, 2013, updated the SA report based on the latest feasibility study

report.

From August 1 to 13, 2013, carried out the complementary investigation in

the changed sites and updated SA report according to the latest feasibility


15

study report.


16

2 Socioeconomic Profile of the Project Area and the Project

Introduction

2.1 Socioeconomic Profile of the Project Area

2.1.1 Introduction of the Project Area

Harbin is located in east longitude 125°42'-130°10', north latitude

44°04'-46°40', the northeast of China northern areas, the south of Heilongjiang

Province, and is the capital of Heilongjiang Province. Harbin is located in the

center of the northeast Asia, is known as the pearl of the Eurasian continental

bridge, is the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of the

northern part of northeast, one of the four big center cities in northern China,

and is also the mega city whose jurisdiction of the land area is the largest, and

jurisdiction of the population is the second. Total area of Harbin City is 53,100

km2, has jurisdiction of 8 districts and 7 counties, and escrows S3 county-level

cities. Harbin is famous historical and cultural city and tourist city in China,

always has laudatory names such as “the eldest son of the Republic of China”,

“city of ice”, “pearl under swan’s neck”, “Oriental Moscow” and “ Oriental Small

Paris” and “ice city in summer”, etc.

Harbin is located in the northernmost of China, is the metropolis with the

highest latitude and the lowest temperature. Harbin has four distinct seasons,

whose winter is long and cold, but summer is cool and short. The air

temperature changes quickly in spring and autumn, both of the two seasons

are transition season, and the time of the two seasons is short. Concentrated

rainfall period is from Jul. to Aug. every year in Harbin, concentration of snow

period is from Nov. to Jun. next year. The average annual temperature is 3.6℃.

The coldest Jun., the average temperature is 13.2℃ to 24.8℃ below zero,

the hottest Jul., the average temperature is 18.1℃ to 22.8℃.


17

In 2011, there are 107 street agencies, 765 community residents'

committees, 112 town governments, 70 township governments and 1883

villagers committees in the whole city of Harbin. The urban area of Harbin is

divided into Daoli District, Daowai District, Nangang District, Pingfang District,

Songbei District, Hulan District and Acheng District, there are 107 street

agencies, 629 community residents' committees, 33 town governments, 7

township governments and 484 villagers committees in eight main urban

areas.

In 2011, GDP in Harbin is 424.22 billion, had an increase of 12.3% over

the previous year, among them, the first industry realized the added value of

44.72 billion yuan, with an increase of 7.0%, the second industry realized the

added value of 164.72billion yuan, with an increase of 14.4%, the third industry

realized the added value of 214.78 billion yuan, with an increase of 12.0%.

Non-state ownership economy accounts for 52.7% of the city's GDP. The

share of the three industries adjusted from 11.3:37.8:50.9 last year to

10.5:38.8:50.7. The contribution rate of the first, second, third industry to

increase is 6.4%, 44.2% and 49.4% respectively. Per capita GDP is 42,736

yuan, had an increase of 12.2% over the previous year.

In 2011, the fixed assets investment in the whole society is 301.2 billion

yuan. The total amount of import and export is $5.12 billion, including import

amount $2.26 billion and export amount $2.86 billion. In 2011, per capita GDP

reached 42,736 yuan. In 2011, the local general budget revenue is 30.03

billion yuan, had an increase of 26.1% over the previous year. The fiscal

general spending is 30.03 billion yuan, had an increase of 23.0% over the

previous year. Urban and rural residents per capita disposable income was

20,031 yuan, had an increase of 14.1% over the previous year. Farmers per

capita net income is 9,608 yuan, had an increase of 19.8%

In the end of 2011, the population of the whole Harbin City is 9.9327

million, including 4.7152 million people in urban area, 5.2175 million people in


18

counties (cities) administered by Harbin City.

Table 2-1 Situation of Social and Economic in Harbin City (2009—2011)

No. Index Unit 2009 2010 2011

1 Registered population

Million people

9.9159 9.9202 9.9327

Among them: non-agricultural population

Ten thousand people

47.701 47.577 47.645

2 GDP

Billion yuan

317.55 366.49 424.22

2.1 First industry

Billion yuan

39.91 41.27 44.72

2.2 Second industry

Billion yuan

114.82 138.46 164.72

2.3 Among them: industrial added value

Billion yuan

83.77 102.16 119.72

2.3 Third industry

Billion yuan

162.83 186.76 214.78

3 The fixed asset investment of the whole society

Billion yuan

189.21 265.19 301.20

4 Industrial sales value

Billion yuan

287.40 338.97 390.49

5 Social total retail sales of consumer goods

Billion yuan

150.79 177.02 207.04

6 The actual use of foreign capital

Billion $ 622.02 700.10 794.04

7 Local fiscal revenue

Billion yuan

19.34 23.81 30.03

8 Urban per capita disposable income

Yuan 15,887 17,557 20,031

9 Per capita net income of rural residents

Yuan 6,776 8,020 9,608


19

2.1.2 Women and Children

Women account for half of the country's population, are important force in

economic and social development. It is intrinsic motivation and important way

to realize the women's liberation by maintaining women's rights with the

development and promoting women's development with the safeguard of legal

human rights. It is great significant to the development of national economic

and the progress of social civilization in China by safeguarding the rights and

interests of women, promoting women's development and promoting the

equality between men and women.

Childhood is the key period to people's physical and psychological

development. It provides necessary condition to children development, gives

children necessary protection, nursing and good education, and will lay the

important foundation for the whole life development.

Harbin Women and Children Work Committee is the deliberation and

coordination agency of women and children work in Harbin. It takes charge of

coordinating and promoting governments at all levels and relevant

departments to carry out laws and regulations Conscientiously, such as The

Protection of Women's Rights of The People's Republic of China, Law of

Mother and Infant Health Care, Labor Law, etc., implement the Program of

China's Women Development, Women Development Planning in Heilongjiang

Province (2011-2015), Children Development Planning in Heilongjiang

Province (2011-2015) and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women

and children.

Sex ratio in project area in 2011 is 106.22:100 (set 100 for women, the

proportion of men to women).

Table 2-2 Basic Situation of Women Population in Project Area

County 2009 2010 2011


20

（city）

Female household population

The proportion of female household population

Female household population

The

proportion of

female

household

population

Female

househol

d

populatio

n

The

proportion

of female

household

population

The Whole

City 4,889,692 49.3%

4,910,734

49.5% 4,926,464

49.6%

Urban Area 2,360,269 49.7% 2,368,029

50.2% 2,372,150

50.3%

Nangang District

504,942 49.9% 503,878 51.2% 505,416 50.7%

Daoli District

362,193 50.8% 363,760 50.5% 367,678 51.4%

Daowai District

346,489 50.3% 346,437 50.4% 348,708 50.6%

Songbei District

98,965 48.8% 96,624 49.5% 99,056 49.8%

Xiangfang District

374,576 48.8% 385,329 50.4% 379,320 50.4%

Pingfang District

79,744 49.6% 80,103 49.7% 79,762 49.7%

Hulan District

304,629 49.1% 304,015 49.0% 305,421 49.2%

Aching District

288,731 49.6% 287,880 49.5% 286,789 49.5%

Source: The year-book of Harbin City

All counties in project area has accessed to compulsory education

universally, and put forward the Poverty Student Grants for Solicitation and

Management of Usage of Compulsory Education in Harbin City, Notification

about that Free Miscellaneous Fees, Provide Free Textbooks, and Sent out A

Boarding Subsidy to Students from Poor Families in Rural Area during

Compulsory Education Phase, Notification about that during Students in

Families Who Enjoy Minimum Life Ensures Policy enjoy the policy “two free

one filling” during Compulsory Education Phase in The Urban Area and


21

Provide Grant to Students from Farmers Families Who are Migrant Workers

and Whose Economy Is Particularly Difficult, and Interim Administration

Measures for Going to School during Compulsory Education Phase for Migrant

Workers in Harbin, published Opinions on promoting the reform and

development of vocational education, decided to establish poverty student

grants to secondary vocational education in our city. It improves the enrollment

rate of school-age children, and eliminates gender difference in basic

education on the whole. According to the statistics by the Bureau of Education

in Harbin, in 2011, there are 824 all kinds of schools in urban area of Harbin,

the number of enrollment students in all levels and all kinds of schools is

1,017,075, the enrollment rates of elementary school and junior high school

are both reach 100%. Table 2-3 below is the basic situation of children

enrollment in the urban area of Harbin.

Table 2-3 The Basic Situation of Children Enrollment in Urban Area of Harbin

Education Unit 2009 2010 2011 Students in school Person 997,096 997,980 1,017,075 General high school Person 459,122 471,700 471,652 Secondary school Person 238,815 235,383 230,519 Elementary school Person 193,510 190,461 189,480

2.1.3 Disabled

Disabled means that the people, whose organization and function is lost

or not normal in terms of psychology, physiology and body structure, loss all or

part of the ability of engaging in some activities in a normal way. Disabled

include visual disabilities, hearing disabilities, speech disabilities, physical

disabilities, intelligent disabilities, mental disabilities, multiple disabilities and

other disabilities. According to the sampling survey report of second national

handicapped person on 28th May. 2007, there are 556,000 all kinds of disabled

in Harbin, account for 5.72% of the population. Until now, there are 190,946

disabled have get the certificate, including 19,066 visual disabilities, account


22

for 9.98% of the whole disabilities who get the certificate; 11.935 hearing

disabilities, account for 6.25% of the whole disabilities get the certificate;

123,413 physical disabilities, account for 64.6% of the whole disabilities get the

certificate; 17,412 intelligent disabilities, account for 9.1% of the whole

disabilities get the certificate; 10,597 mental disabilities, account for 5.54% of

the whole disabilities get the certificate; 5,625 multiple disabilities, account for

2.94% of the whole disabilities get the certificate;

2.1.4 Elderly

In China, citizens older than 60 years old are elderly. Until the end of 2012,

the elderly population is 1.5423 million in Harbin, accounts for 15.52% of the

total population, in 2006, according to 21 national ministries and commissions

Opinions on Strengthening The Elderly Preferential Treatment Work,

Strengthen The Elderly Preferential Treatment Work in Heilongjiang Province,

in combination with the practical situation of city construction and economic

development, Harbin has published new Discount for Old People in Harbin as

No.147 government order. Distribute the red “respect courtesy card” to elderly

from 60 to 69 years old These elderly can enjoy preferential policies to some

extent when taking buses, entering into the park and tourist attractions, using

public restrooms that are not free of charge. Until the end of 2012, the

cumulative distribution of “respect courtesy card” is 630,525, including 295,380

from 60 to 69 years old, 335,145 older than 70 years old. Foreign old people

holding the old courtesy card issued by the local government agency or

old-age works can enjoy preferential treatment equal to elderly in Harbin City.

2.1.5 Floating Population

Floating population includes the inflow and outflow of population. The

contact between outflow of population and the project is not strong. Among

them, the inflow of population mainly includes non-local household registration


23

population about tourism, business and workers that from the field. Because

the rapid development of economy in the project area provides a lot of jobs for

foreign labors, especially such as Daoli District and Daowai District, the

number of inflow of foreign population keeps at a high level.

Table 2-4 Population Situation in Harbin City

Unit 2009 2010 2011

Total population in the end of the year in Harbin

Person 9,915,892 9,920,216 9,932,679

Population in urban area

Person 4,746,801 4,717,945 4,715,198

Pupulation in counties (cities) administered by Harbin City

Person 5,169,091 5,202,271 5,217,481

Inflow population Person 99,730 104,216 97,815 Inflow population in urban area

Person 73,427 74,361 69,348

Outflow population

Person 145,261 150,941 119,172

Outflow population in urban area

Person 108,833 108,846 79,591

2.1.6 Poverty

Poverty is a relative phenomenon of poor social and material life, and this

phenomenon can be reflected by the subsistence allowance system for both

urban and rural residents. There are five categories of people enjoy

subsistence allowance determined by the Civil Affairs Bureau, they are civil

residents enjoy subsistence allowance, people have low-income and difficult or

in low-income families in urban area, rural residents enjoy subsistence

allowance, low-income families in rural area, people enjoy five insurance in

rural area. To these people, Civil Affairs Bureau gives minimum subsidy on

time every month. At the same time, in resent year, in order to improve the life

quality of these people, the Bureau increases investment year by year, gives


24

more than a dozen aids, such as medical, education, housing, warming,

heating, watering, power supply, compensation for demolition, property,

reducing the fee of cable TV, temporary assistance, holiday rescue, and so on

to civil families enjoy subsistence allowance. The Bureau gives many aids,

such as medical, education, housing, warming, heating, watering, temporary

assistance, holiday rescue, and so on to people have low-income and difficult

and in low-income families in urban area.

Table 2-5 Social Security Situation in Harbin City

Unit 2009 2010 2011

The number of urban and rural residents with minimum living allowance

Person 39,400 378,000 379,000

The number of urban residents with minimum living allowance

Person 22,400 202,000 198,000

The number of rural residents with minimum living allowance

Person 17,000 176,000 181,000

The minimum standard of living Yuan/Month 310 360 360

2.1.7 Ethnic Minorities

Harbin City is a multi-ethnic fusion of the land. According to incomplete

statistics, it has 40 ethnic minorities in existence, and the population of minority

is about 200,000. There is 1 Manchu Nationality township, 10 ethnic villages, 2

fixed-point production enterprise for ethnic minorities supplies, nearly

thousand various ethnic minority enterprises in all kinds of the form of

ownership, 2 national hospitals, 12 national primary and secondary schools

and kindergartens, 1 minority culture and art groups, 6 fellowship groups of

ethnic minorities, and 2 cemeteries for Hui Nationality. Moreover, as the

provincial capital city, there are millions minorities population inflow into Harbin

for study, work or business, and constituting a relatively complete ethnic

minority economic and social sysytem.

Confirm by the Ethnic and Religious Affairs in Harbin City, the rate of


25

minorities in construction area of each sub-project of the project is very low,

and no minority areas involved, so the minorities will not be affected by the

project.

2.2 Project Area

2.2.1 Areas Directly Affected by Land Acquisition and House Demolition

According to present project proposal, and the verbal confirmation of

Harbin Bureau of Land and Resources, the construction content and site of the

project purposes will not involve the rural collective land expropriation, will only

involve state-owned land use right transfer, the demolition of a small amount of

buildings or structures and temporary occupies2.

Bus priority corridors construction project is line broadening on the basis

of the original urban traffic line (among them, only the passage from Railway

Street to Harbin Street using roadside broaden pattern, the passage from

Beixin Street to Youyi Street and Hongqi Street using the pattern of

demolishing the green belt way in middle of the road for road widening, extra

land expropriation is not involved, See table 2-6) and supporting facilities

optimization. The land occupied by the roadside broaden from Railway Street

to Harbin Street3 is reserve land for city planning road construction land, and

is state-owned land property. Because bus priority corridors construction

project is the public infrastructure project, has public welfare attribute, the part

of state-owned land need to be occupied intends to take unpaid transfer

manner, do not need to compensate4. However road broaden may involve a

small amount of demolition of buildings or structures, and may occupy some

land temporarily.

2 This conclusion need further confirmation after the scope out of red line in feasibility study. 3 Now this part of the area has not been calculated. 4 Has not been confirmed by the bureau of Land and Resources, also do not get relevant materials.


26

Bus hub stations construction is on Xiangbin Road in Harbin, the total

area is 34,801 m2, the total planning construction area of 48,693 m2, the

construction content including: garbage, maintenance station, car wash center,

comprehensive hub station, waiting corridors, and so on. The project is

transformation project in situ, and the land is state-owned, the units such as

Harbin Head Bus Company have obtained the state-owned land use card5.

Because the nature of project is reconstruction, which does not involve the

change of state-owned land use right, the demolition caused by the project is

self-built and self- demolition. The affected enterprise is Harbin Head Bus

Company itself; all affected staff are workers in Harbin Head Bus Company.

The company and staff are not only the people who affected by project, but

also main beneficiaries of the project, and the effects are all short-term effects.

The affected enterprise promised that no one will be out of work due to the

project, and the livelihood and income of affected workers will not be lower

because of the project. Therefore, there is no need to compensate these

worker or enterprise.

According to the introduction of project unit, two first and last sites will be

built in Harbin (No.3 in Hexie, the first road in Qinli), the total land area of

engineering is 14,406m2, the site of the first road in Qinli is empty now, and no

demolition involved; site near No.3 in Hexie is building houses now, the nature

of the land of first and last site is state-owned empty land, and ground building

nearby is construction barrack for workers. After the finished of the engineering,

the barrack will be automatically removed to empty. So neither two first and

last sites involve the use of land acquisition and demolition.

The construction of bus stations also involves land occupation in this

project. The project plans to build new anti-cold bus shelters, set awnings and

electronic bus stops, add seasonal warming facilities in bus stops in Harbin.

5 Relevant units has committed to provide use card copy of the state-owned land later.


27

This kind of construction all located on the state-owned transport land and is

not involved land acquisition and house demolition. .

It is present situation of planning location and the construction site of

some sub-project below.

Figure 2-1 The Present Situation of Construction Site of Comprehensive Hub Station

in Xiangbin Road


28

Figure 2-2 The Present Situation of Construction Site of First and Last Stop of First

Road in Qunli

Figure 2-3 The Present Situation of Construction Site of First and Last Stop of No.3 in

Haxi

2.2.2 Beneficial Areas

The project focuses on the construction of bus priority corridors, through

demonstration analysis for many times of the planning bureau, transportation

bureau, traffic management bureau, urban construction bureau, urban

management bureau and so on, finally select the three bus corridors including


29

passage of Youyi Road (Tonggang Street to Highway Bridge), the passage of

Xinyang Road (Xiangzheng Street to Jincheng Street), the passage of Hongqi

Street (Dongzhi Road to Jingxiang Street), 21.59km in total. It aims at

improving the whole level of bus service in corridors. In terms of land

development trend, the surrounding of the three corridors are gathering spots

of comprehensive, transportation, administrative, science, business, housing,

industry, which occupy the important position.

Among them, passage of Youyi Road crosses many commercial hub, and

its function is positioning for commercial leisure service; Hongqi Street crosses

three districts in Harbin, has important commuting function, and its function is

positioning for services to residents’ commuting travel demand; the passage of

Xinyang Road connects Harbin airport and Harbin main business districts, the

transport demands of transportation is huge. The basic situation of each bus

corridor can be seen below.

Table 2-6 Basic Situation of Each Bus Corridor

No. Name First and last stop Mileage

（km） Form

1 Passage of Youyi Road Highway Bridge—Tonggang Street

8.5 In the middle

2 Passage of Hongqi Street Dongzhi Road—Tongxiang Street

9.1 In the middle

3 Passage of Xinyang Road Xiangzheng Street—Jincheng Street

7.63 On roadside

Total 25.23

Now, there are 84 bus lines go through three public transport corridors in

total, among them, the passage of Youyi Road (Highway Bridge, Tonggang

Street): 28; passage of Xinyang Road: 19; Passage of Hongqi Street: 37. The

information of bus stops in the three bus corridors is shown below:


30

Table 2-7 The Information of Bus Stops in Three Bus Corridors in 2012

No. Name First and last stop

No. of stop

Name of stop

No. of line

Name of line

1 Passage of Youyi Road

Tonggang Street—Highway Bridge

20

Dock Board; Timber Market; Feida Board Market; Sharpening Stone Factory; Gengxin Street; Longjiang Boiler Factory; Songpu Bridge; Daowai Twenty Street; Daotai Fu; Daowai Twelve Street; Daowai Seven Street; Daowai Three Street; Beihuan Shopping Mall; University for Senior Citizens; Children Hospital; Monument for Preventing Flood (Youyi Road);

28

1 、

Nitht1、

2、2K、

3、8、9、

12、13、

13、16、

19、20、

23、24、

26、29、

56、64、

65、72、

74、76、

79、83、

84、87、

94、95、

102 、

107 、

108 、

109 、


31


No. of stop

Name of stop

No. of line

Name of line

Youyigong Road; National People's Congress; Newspaper Building; Academy of Social Sciences

118 、

120 、

126 、

201 、

202 、

206 、

551 、

Outskirt6

2 Passage of Xinyang Road

XiangzhengStreet—Jincheng Street

16

Jinwei Street; Beian Street; Anshen Street; Administrative Service Center of the City; Central Hospital; Kangan Road; Modern Department of Orthopaedics Hospital; Municipal Tenth Hospital; Zhigong Street; Xianjin Street; Xianjin Street;

19

66、84、

91、114

119,

102 ，

106 ，

119 ，

112 ，

114，14，

5，61，

No.3 Bus Line to Airport


32


No. of stop

Name of stop

No. of line

Name of line

Yingbin Neighborhood; Longjiang Bus Factory; Municipal transport Company; Vehicle Gear Factory; Renhe Village; Yiji Repair Company

3 Passage of Hongqi Street

Dongzhi Road—Tongxiang Street

18

Peace Bridge; Daxin Shoe Mall; Honghe Community; Hongping Community; Hongqi Furniture City; Liaohe Road; Huaihe Road; Convention and Exhibition Center; Songlei Middle School; Hanshui Road; Hanjiang Road; Ganshui Road;

37

3、8、13、

14、22、

23、24、

26、27、

28、32、

51、61、

62、68、

71、72、

74、76、

84、89、

90、91、

93、105、

108 、


33


No. of stop

Name of stop

No. of line

Name of line

Nongken Building; Hongqi Street; Xiangfang Street; Bearing Factory; Steam Turbine Factory; Tongxiang Street

112 、

117 、

201 、

203 、

205 、

208 、

209 、

333 、

337 、

365

Table 2-8 Repeated Coefficient of Bus Line In Harbin Urban Area

No. Name Repeated coefficient

1 Passage of Youyi Road 6.8

2 Passage of Xinyang Road 3.5

3 Passage of Hongqi Street 6.4

Forecast for the demand of three bus corridors of is about 966.5 thousand

person/day.

Table 2-9 Traffic Statistics of Three Bus Corridors

No. Name Morning rush (thousand person/day)

Evening rush (thousand person/day)

Flat peak (thousand person/day)

1 Passage of Youyi Road 90 72 198

2 Passage of Xinyang Road 12.5 10 27.5

3 Passage of Hongqi Street 85 68 187


34

Table 2-10 Daily Service Ability of Three Bus Corridors

No. Name Daily Service Ability (thousand person/day)

1 Passage of Youyi Road 360

2 Passage of Xinyang Road 50

3 Passage of Hongqi Street 340

Although. after years of development, transport infrastructure in Harbin

has reached a certain size, but in terms of the construction of transport corridor,

transportation structure configuration, urban traffic and external traffic

cohesion, line and station cohesion and the coordination of different transport

ways, it lacks overall planning. The construction of three corridors makes the

benefit group involve all groups taking these buses, including not only

permanent population who set public transport as the main way to travel in

urban area of Harbin, but also foreign population such as people in the outskirt

or surrounding counties and cities, migrants and tourism. It has a positive role

of improving the image of the Harbin City, improving urban ecological and

human environment.

2.3 The Roles and Impacts of Urban Planning and Policies to the Project

In terms of the development of urban public transportation, municipal

party committee and municipal government give the highly valued to them, and

establish favorable policy and planning lead. Harbin published documents

such as Passenger Transportation Management Regulations of Buses, Trolley

and Wheel Ferry, The Implementation Opinion of Giving Priority to the

development of Harbin Public Transportation, Planning and Construction

Management Regulations of Harbin Public Transport Infrastructure and so on.

Public transportation has priority to some extent in terms of land use, taxation,

way right, investment and so on. At the same time, Harbin formulated

Comprehensive Transportation Development Planning in Harbin City, Special

Planning of Public Transportation Construction Development in Harbin City,


35

and Special Planning of Public Transportation Terminal Facilities Construction

in Harbin City, published Feasibility Suggestions of BRT construction of Large

Capacity and Rapid Transit Bus Lines Harbin City, Planning of Public

Transport Lanes System in Harbin City. Scientific and reasonable city

development planning brings a good opportunity to the development of public

transportation in Harbin City.

The Harbin municipal government indicated clearly in Notification by

People's Government of Harbin City on printing the12th five-year plan about

the national economic and social development of Harbin City (In 2011, No.6)

that, implement bus priority development strategy, improve the bus coverage,

increase the proportion of public transport to more than 45%in urban total

travel, steam trams in central city public average delivery speed reach more

than 20 km/hour, the punctuality get more than 85%, quality of public transport

service has improved significantly.

National work conference of public transportation is hold in Shenzhen on

29th Oct. 2012. In this meeting, Harbin City was named the national first “bus

demonstration city” title, became one of the first 14 “bus city” pilot cities. Harbin

sets building national demonstration bus city as the goal, establishes

coordinated various mode public passenger transport system, makes ten

thousand bus reach 15 standard units, makes public trolley average operating

speed reach 20 km/hour, makes the coverage rate of 500 meters around bus

station reach 90%, realizes that passenger can transfer the bus in 500 meters

and within 5minutes in main urban area, and gets the goal that share rate of

public passenger transportation system reaches 45%. The goal makes the

basic principle of bus priority, planning ahead be adhered and strengthened,

realizes gradually that the idea of the urban public transport guild the

development of city and land use, provides favorable development

environment for the construction of urban public transportation system. And lay

the urgency and priority of the project approval and construction of the Cold


36

Weather Smart Public Transport System Project.

Chart 2-5 Master Plan Maps of Harbin City


37

2.4 Analysis on the Role of Governments in the Project

Anyone of the projects is in a social environment, certain social conditions

Chart 2-6 Comprehensive Traffic planning in Harbin City

Chart 2-7 Road Traffic Plan Maps of Harbin City


38

and in certain public range, in accordance with the public criteria framework.

Comply with the rules of public is a precondition for the project construction to

be carried out, and the government as a representative of the whole society, its

basic function is to formulate the rules of public and supervise the

implementation, therefore, have a major impact on the project. Government

has a dual status and role in the project construction: to fulfill the functions of

public administration, management, regulation and control of the whole social

investment; assume responsibility for public investment, provide public

services and products for the whole society.

2.4.1 The Evaluation of Government Fulfilling Its Management Functions

Fulfill management functions of government has a positive impact on the

achievement of project social objectives. Harbin Government immediately

composes the corresponding World Bank Loan Project Leading Group after

applying for loans from the World Development Bank. In the process of the

whole projects planning and implementation, when the distribution of interest

become imbalance or unreasonable, Harbin Government will appear as the

identity of the social public interest representative. In compliance with the

relevant laws and policies, regulate and distribute related social benefits based

on the operation of relevant systems and mechanisms, in order to achieve an

equitable distribution of the associated social benefits.

The leader group of Colad Weather Smart Public Transport System

Project established by the municipal government consists by main leaders of

Municipal Development and Reform Commission, City Finance Bureau, City

Planning Bureau, City Land Resources Bureau, City Environmental Protection

Bureau, City Housing and Urban-rural, Construction Bureau, City Department

of Transportation, City traffic police detachment, City Urban Management

Bureau, City Water Supply and Drainage Group, City Education Bureau, City

Investment Company and other relative units or departments. The leader


39

group is mainly in charge of reviewing and determining the overall project

planning, organizing and coordinating the major issues involving in national

and municipal level, policy, system and other aspects of during the

construction process of the project.

The leader group comprises the PMO, and the office is set in Harbin

Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau. PMO takes charge of the management

of project matching funds, the project management and other main work. The

sub-project unit is put forward by each project, and finishes the whole

construction under the unified arrangement by the project department.

The PMO is shown below:

The director: Li Wenbin (the present of Harbin Urban Construction

Investment Group co., LTD)

Zhang Licheng (the manager of Harbin Urban Construction

Investment Group co., LTD)

The PMO comprises seven departments: integrated management

department, engineering management department, bidding and purchasing

department, plan and finance department, etc.

The specific composition and function division of labor of the leader group

of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project is shown

below in Figure 2-8:


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Figure 2-8 Project Organization Structure

2.4.2 The Evaluation of the Role of Governments as a Public Investor

City Bus System Project belongs to public goods provided by the

government, and the government needs to be forward-looking in the provision

of this project, the projects' objectives should also have high compatibility with

various aspects of the targets in local society. The coverage of City Bus

System Project is mainly for urban (city) residents, the approval and

improvement of this project will help to improve and optimize the public welfare

of city public facilities; meanwhile, the cost of such project services is primarily

supported by government finance, reflecting the characteristics of public goods;

finally, the government will ensure that the fair allocation of public goods.

Leaders of Municipal Party Committee, HMDRC and so on directly lead the

HCWSPTSP loaned by World Bank. Implementation of the project is in strict

accordance with World Bank's procedures and domestic procedures to

promote the process, to make efforts to ensure public welfare and sociality of

the project.


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In addition, the government can rectify and standardize social injustices in

the process of project implementation. Government can express

responsibilities and rights of each stakeholder through the government open

bar, related policies opened in government website. When the existing policies

are difficult to solve real-world conflicts, the government can adjust the policies

according to the principles of social justice, so that the interests of the injured

party can obtain reasonable compensation to eliminate social risks. When the

projects are involved in land acquisition and house demolition, the

corresponding social risks also will produce, then the government must appear

as the identity of the social public interest representative, use the legal and

policy means, regulate and distribute related social benefits based on the

operation of relevant systems and mechanisms, in order to achieve an

equitable distribution of the associated social benefits. Based on this

knowledge, the government of Harbin City makes a meticulous plan on all

aspects of projects management, government departments, enterprises and

institutions involved can participate in the entire process, timely resolve the

conflicts of interest, social risks and potential problems between each

department, in the process of IPTSP implementation, eliminate the interruption

of the project and other problems caused by unfair treatment.

In the aspect of the protection of the rights and interests of special groups,

such as poor people, disabled people, women and children and so on, the

government of Harbin City constantly improves and provides the

corresponding public service fee waiver policies, reflecting the suitability of

project compensation that tilt to the vulnerable groups.

Accordingly, Harbin City Government, especially Harbin Transport Bureau

will play the critical and decisive functions in the preparation and

implementation of the project. To some extent, the stand or fall of their

management will decide the success or failure of the project.


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3 Social Impact Analysis

Social impact analysis mainly refers to effects generated during and after

the project construction process on the impacted area. To urban public

transportation projects, the social impacts are impacts mainly including

economic impact, social impact (focusing on the non-economic aspects of

society), and experience in managing, and so on.

3.1 Project Impacts at Economic Dimensions

3.1.1 Regional Economy

HCWSPTSP is guided by the scientific development as the concept of

ideas, facing big cities under extremely cold area, responses actively to the

urban transportation problems generated because of the repeated addition of

extremely cold weather and the urbanization and mechanization, by

developing people-oriented, transit oriented, efficient, safe, low carbon,

environmental protection, economic and convenient substantial public

transportation system characterized as low energy consumption, low pollution,

low land occupied, low travel costs and low financial burden. It can promote

the sustainable development of urban traffic, improve the traffic service level in

Harbin greatly, establish high standards, modern comprehensive

transportation system which is combined with the character of city under

extremely cold environment and can meet the substantial, people-oriented and

dynamic demand of transportation. By the improvement of the public transport

service quality, it can realize that urban traffic develops in the direction of

green low carbon, provide enforceable, learning, reproducible and propagable

successful practice and case and then provide important transportation

security for realizing economic revitalization in Heilongjiang Province.


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3.1.2 Residents’ Income and Distribution

The main construction area of the HCWSPTSP is focus on the urban area

of Harbin City, among them, passage of Youyi Road crosses many commercial

hub; passage of Hongqi Street crosses three districts in Harbin, along which is

mainly working resident; Xinyang Road to Edmonton Road connects airport

and Harbin main commercial districts, so there are many the floating

population. The economic and social development level is high in the project

area, and the non-agricultural industries are relatively developed. Most of the

affected labors are engaged in non-agricultural industries, salary income,

income of work, self-employment income accounted for a high proportion of

total household income. The temporary land occupation involved during the

reconstruction process of public transportation corridors may affect the

operation of shops along to some extent. However, after the operation of

project, the improvement of traffic accessibility will be benefit to the

improvement of the operating profit.

The usage of the service needs to pay a fee; the public welfare and low

price of a ticket is two outstanding characteristics of the bus operation. Now,

the bus ticket in Harbin is 1 yuan/per person·per time for adult, 0.5 yuan/per

person·per time for students, 0 yuan/per person·per time for elderly. Moreover,

after the finish of the construction of HCWSPTSP, the ticket price will not be

changed. So, it will not cause the economic burden to the family.

Table 3-1 Residents’ Income Situation in Harbin6

Year Per capita disposable income of urban households (Yuan)

The average per capita net income of rural households (Yuan)

1990 1,387 679 2000 5,632 2,477 2005 10,065 4,006 2006 11,231 4,405

6 Resource: Statistical Yearbook of Harbin in 2012


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2007 12,772 5,069 2008 14,589 5,961 2009 15,887 6,776 2010 17,557 8,020 2011 20,031 9,608

Table 3-2 Situation of On-the job Workers’ Salary in Harbin

Year Population of urban area (million person)

On-the-job worker average wages a year in the city

（Yuan/per person）

On-the-job worker average wages a year in urban area

（Yuan/per person）

2009

4.747 29,261 31,505

2010

4.718 32,397 35,035

2011

4.715 36,465 39,470

3.1.3 Employment

The project impacts on employment reflect in two aspects: project direct

impacts on employment and project indirect impacts on employment. Among

them, the direct impacts can be divided into two stages: project construction

and operation. During the bus projects and public utility projects construction,

the technical staff and casual labors need to be employed. During the

operation, the fixed workers need to be recruited who are engaged in daily

operation and management of enterprises and maintenance work. Which

means the project provides a lot of employment opportunities for local people,

and it could be calculated during the project construction and operation,

employment opportunities could be provided for about 16,000 people

according to the coefficient of highway and transportation sector investment

employment experience. The project indirect impacts on employment reflect

after the project construction. It improves the transportation condition of Harbin

City and its surrounding, promotes the development of relevant industries, and

gives impetus to the improvement of local employment.


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3.1.4 Infrastructure and Social Services

HCWSPTSP provides convenient, comfortable, safe, accurate, standard

bus service to citizens, designs bus lanes in view of traffic demand of the three

public transport corridors; designs or transforms part bus station in corridors,

establishes intelligent information query system, perfects the traffic signs

marking of corridors, sets separation guide sign in the main roads, sets LED

direction sign in the main junctions; constructs public transport hub station and

first and last bus station and so on. It speeds up the construction step of Harbin

urban intelligent public transportation system, forms a relatively perfect green

safe transport network.

The complete of the project could increase the prevailing conditions of

original bus transport to large degree, improve the bus operating speed, and

bring huge time savings to passengers. At the same time, the improvement of

bus service will attract more people choose public transport to travel,

accordingly, travel by private car will be reduced effectively, the pressure of

future road network in Heilong City will be reduced, service levels for roads

and junctions will be increased, the total vehicle kilometers and car hours on

the road network will be reduced significantly, then vehicle transportation cost

saving and time saving benefits, as well as benefit of the reduced bus

operating vehicles will be gained. Besides, the bus corridor integration project

will improve transport condition greatly, then reduce the traffic accidents, bring

convenience to the residents along for travelling and have certain social

benefit.

3.1.5 Urbanization

Several opinions about the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating

northeast China and other old industrial bases (In (2003) No. 11) published by

CPC Central Committee and the State Council in 2003 shows that northeast

China and other old industrial bases has risen as national strategy formally. It


46

also published The strategy opinion about further implement of rejuvenating

the old industrial base by the State Council (In (2009) No.33), which symbols

that the strategy of rejuvenating northeast China and other old industrial bases

have entered a new stage. It has brought a lot of money and technology

support to social and economic development of the northeast China. It is

conducive to strengthening the construction of urban infrastructure, creates

conducive to the development of investment, system and policy environment,

and promotes the potential advantages of northeast region.

Harbin put forward in Several Opinions about Speeding up the Overall

Planning for Urban-rural Development and Forming A New Pattern of

Integration of Urban and Rural Economic and Social Development 2010, to

2015, the urbanization of the whole city will go over 55%, and be the first to

form a new integration pattern of economic and social development between

urban and rural. According to opinion, Harbin will comprehensively promote

the city and countryside integration work throughout the city, to 2015, the

urbanization of the whole city will go over 55%, among them, the urbanization

rate of Daoli District, Daowai District, Nangang District, Xiangfang District,

Pingfang District, and Songbei District will go over 90%; Hulan District, Acheng

District, Bin County, Shuangcheng City, Wuchang City and Bayan County will

go over 45%; other each county (city) focus on Chengguan Town and

conditional region central town, promotes the urbanization process. The

county in the whole city industrial added value accounted for the proportion of

more than 40% of GDP. Gross output value of fisheries and animal husbandry

output value reached 100 billion yuan and 51 billion yuan respectively.

With the deepening, advancements and the implementation of the plan to

reinvigorate northeast China, according to the "eight big economic zones" and

"ten major projects" development strategy put forward clearly by Heilongjiang

Province Committee, urbanization development of Harbin City in recent years

has achieved fruitful results. Harbin inherited, innovated and rich developed


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the idea of city development, deepened and expanded the development

strategy, put forward to speed up the step of development and construction of

“one river in the middle, flourish both sides of river”, actively promoted

development strategy of “the north bound, south extension, middle flourishing,

strong county”, realized to flourish the city by water, rich the city by water,

beauty the city by water, and created the strategic master plan of the urban

construction and development of building waterfront cities. Moreover, with the

steady progress of bilateral strategic partnership between China and Russia

and the sustained growth of the economy in the two countries, bilateral

economic and trade cooperation is developing rapidly and steadily. The annual

international economic and trade fair in Harbin China, as the connection of

China and Russia, major international economic and trade, science and

technology fair in Northeast Asia, makes full use of geographical advantages,

plays a role in cooperation in various fields between China and Russia as the

window and platform effect, promotes the trade to Russia, Japan and South

Korea's, and radiate throughout the northeast Asia area. These strategies

contribute to the overall urban development and further improvement of the

urbanization level.

3.1.6 Vulnerable Groups

Public transportation sub-project of HCWSPTSP planed the

comprehensive transformation of junctions, road traffic facilities such as

underground tunnels or overpasses and etc., which are needed by vulnerable

groups especially in the road transformation process, take the actual needs of

groups like elderly, all kinds of disabled and children into fully consideration.

In addition, based on Several Provisions of Preferential Policy for the

Disabled in Harbin City, disabled people should get parking area at the station

and other public venues for free, the blind could take the bus for free with

certification, and bus companies should use electronic facilities to make it


48

convenient to get on or off. According to Rules about Discount for Elderly in

Harbin City, elderly older than 70 years old can take the bus for free with the

“respect courtesy card”. Until the end of 2012, the cumulative distribution of

“respect courtesy card” is 630,525, including 295,380 from 60 to 69 years old,

335,145 older than 70 years old. Foreign old people holding the old courtesy

card issued by the local government agency or old-age works can enjoy

preferential treatment equal to elderly in Harbin City. Moreover, since 1st Jun.

2007, high school, junior high school and primary school students also enjoy

preferential policies of the 5 discount fares when taking the bus in Harbin City,

retire cadres, wounded or disabled police, etc. can the bus for free.

In the process of project preparation, PMO has organized several topic

advisory councils to collect opinions and suggestions from vulnerable groups,

which will be discussed in the 4.3.7 of the project specially. Related

suggestions have been feed backed to feasibility study units and implemented

in the project design.

According to the analysis above, the project can provide convenient

services and preferential treatment to vulnerable group such as disabled and

elderly. And the Smart Public Transport System Project creates the conditions

to improve their weak position and ensure they could enjoy the achievement of

economic development in Harbin City.

3.2 Project Impacts at Social Dimensions

3.2.1 Social Environment

Humanistic environment is the attitudes of a regional community,

concepts, belief systems, cognitive environment, etc. For this project area,

even more is a kind of the local culture and customs closely contacted with the

natural environment. Specially:

(a) From the perspective of construction units and personnel, the


49

construction units are all familiar with the project operation and technology

process, and the most of construction personnel are the local workforce and

can communicate and coordinate with local residents well.

(b) From the perspective of construction impact of the project of public

transportation corridors, all the public transportation corridors are all

broadened and optimized from the existing municipal line, have little effects on

the production and living of the surrounding shops, residential areas, factories

and roads users, and will not conflict with surrounding environment such as

local social culture, customs, religion, etc.

(c) From the perspective of energy and the environment, the

implementation of the public transportation sub-project will introduce many

new energy vehicles; the operation of intelligent public transportation system

will reduce air pollution of Harbin. All these measures have significant positive

effect to improve the problems such as high traffic energy costs, serious

environmental pollution, etc.

To conclude, the project has fitness with the local social environment, and

through this opportunity, the environmental protection consciousness in the

project area can be improved.

3.2.2 Cultural Heritage

Cultural heritage has significant sense for human to research history and

cultural. In the protection of cultural heritage, the cultural heritage

management department protects and searches the local cultural heritage

effectively through a variety of form and carrier.

According to the requirements of The Opinions of Harbin City People's

Government on Strengthening Protection Work of Intangible Cultural Heritage

(In 2008, No.49), further implement work guidelines of the “give priority to

protection, rescue first, reasonable use, inheritance development”, Earnestly

do the work of the city's intangible cultural heritage protection, inheritance and


50

utilization, make new greater contribution to the economic and social

development of the whole city. Until Dec. in 2012, there have been three

groups of city-level intangible cultural heritage. In 2012, “Gold Capital Site” is

selected into World Heritage Tentative List in China. Major cultural heritage in

Harbin is not in the project area, so affected little by the project.

3.2.3 Religious Facilities and Worship Facilities

China attaches great importance to the traditional customs since ancient

times, the move of tombs not only means from one place to another place, it

contains many factors such as emotional, cultural, etc. There are now a variety

of religions coexist in Harbin, including 6 kinds of religion such as Buddhism,

Taoism, Islam, Catholicism, Christianity and Orthodox. There are 6 citywide

religion patriotic groups (City Buddhist Association, City Taoism Association,

City Islam Association, City Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association, City

Christian Three-self Patriotic Association, and City Christianity Association).

There are 56 religious activity places in total in urban area, and near 150,000

of masses of all kinds of faith. However in the about 200 meters away from

three corridors of public transport project of HUIPTSP, there is no religion and

ritual facilities, and no move of tomb involved.

3.2.4 Analysis on Special Impacts

3.2.4.1 Social Gender Analysis

The differences of male and female are not only in physiology but also in

the social roles, which cause different impacts on different gender induced by

the project and different influence on the project resulting from different gender.

Women (including children) are often regarded as the vulnerable groups, their

environmental sensitiveness is high, and their rights are easy to be

encroached on, so we must realize the information about women and children,

identify the degree of the project impacts on women and children, thus the


51

corresponding measures should be taken at the initial stage of the project to

minimize or avoid the impacts on women and children.

Based on the investigation, the female have the legal rights as same as

the male within this project, including receive education, employment and

participate election, etc. Majority women who interviewed argue that they have

the same autonomy in management like men.

The HCWSPTSP can provide convenient public transportation service,

the intelligent scheduling can cut short the waiting time, electronic information

system can provide convenient and clear directions, and the construction of

infrastructure can ensure the temperature for waiting and taking buses. These

provide the favorable guarantee for the physical and psychological health of

women and children: 1) many women and children do not have a strong sense

of direction, the reminder of electronic information system can support them to

find the bus that they need; 2) The buses station and buses have high rate of

sexual harassment. The project plans to install electronic eyes in the platforms

and new purchase buses. That will be convenient for the administrative staff to

know the latest condition and it is also beneficial to deal with the public security

accidents. Moreover, the installation of electronic eyes can deter some

criminals; 3) Female (especially, old women and pregnant women) and

children is weak and sensitive to the temperature of surrounding environment,

the construction of station and purchase of new type of buses can provide

them warm environment for waiting and taking buses; 4) The main users of

buses are women, and the development of municipal public transport is also

beneficial to the life and work of female and then this will improve the Harbin’s

economical development and citizen living quality.

Therefore, it will exert positive influence on the female development of

Harbin City and guarantee the need and security of going out by the project

construction.


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3.2.4.2 Ethnic Minority Analysis

There are no gathered minorities in all sub-projects; in addition, there is no

new requisition of land in the project, and no demolition of houses or

enterprises of ethnic minority involved, so the livelihood and the life of ethnic

minorities in the area will not be negatively impacted by the project.

3.2.4.3 Involuntary Resettlement Impacts

Involuntary resettlement should be avoided in the process of project

construction as far as possible, but project construction needs to requisition

certain land. So, involuntary resettlement is inevitable to some extent.

Involuntary resettles induced by project construction are divided into two types: Physical resettlement (relocation) and economic migrants (loss of property).

The reasons resulting in resettlement are different; the degrees of impacts also

are various. For the displaced person of land acquisition, they lose the

opportunities to earn income and the living standards of their families may be

affected because of land loss. For the displaced person of house demolition, if

the resettlement areas have some changes, social networks and social capital

will be changed with the relocation, some social conflicts may be taken place

during the resettlement, and the issues of social integration and social

adjustment will be involved in after relocation.

Currently, the total area of the comprehensive hub station in Xiangbin

Road of HCWSPTSP needs to be constructed is 48,693m2, and is

reconstructed in the scope of the original company area. The content of

construction includes: garage, maintenance station, car washing center,

comprehensive hub station and waiting corridor, etc. Demolition and affected

people generated by the construction are Harbin head buses company itself

and its personnel, and it belongs to the self-built properties; two new first and

last stations in Harbin (first and last of bus stations of Hexie Road, the first road

in Liqun) will be built, the first and last of bus stations of the first road in Liqun


53

planning occupy 14,406 m2 and the overall floorage in the project occupy

17,144 m2; the first and last bus stations of Hexie Road located the east of

junction of Beixing Street and Hexie Road in Nangang District, the planning

land use is 3,071 m2, the overall floorage is 900 m2. The first road in Liqun is

empty land now, and no demolition involved. According to the introduce of the

project unit, the land is state-owned,; near the first and last bus stations of

Hexie Road is building houses now, , and ground building nearby is

construction barrack for workers. After the finished of the engineering, the

barrack will be automatically removed to empty. So neither two first and last

sites involve the use of land acquisition and demolition. The more details

regarding this part can be found in Resettlement Action Plan & Due Diligence

Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public System Project

3.3 Project Environmental Impacts

As the scale of urban construction is expanding constantly and the city

traffic management is becoming more and more complex, due to the

advancement of urbanization the requirements for the robust and intelligent

city public transportation system are higher and higher due to the

advancement of urbanization. From the point of view of project impact on the

ecological environment, energy conservation and emission reduction is not

only a long-term strategic task, but also a pressing task at present. Take

comprehensive consideration and implement energy-saving and emission

reduction measures in any project construction process, have very important

significance to the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly

society. HCWSPTSP considers the traffic conditions and functional

requirements, combines functional analysis, traffic demand with the actual

conditions, pays full attention to the relationship between regional road

network convergence and function coordination and deals well with it. The

project realizes urban green transportation by developing public transport and

it is a low carbon, environmental friendly, energy saving and green engineering


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and benefits every citizen.

Bus projects empty resource allocation to bus system while constructing

the roads in the Harbin City. The promotion of bus priority lanes is sped up; the

efficiency of urban road traffic is improved by accelerating the promotion of bus

priority lanes and public transportation infrastructure. At the same time,

through accelerating the application of urban intelligent transportation

technology, reducing urban traffic congestion, improving the bus running

environment, reducing the fuel consumption to reduce pollution gas such as

carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions and improve the quality of urban

environment. Meanwhile, the project plans and invests in new energy buses, sets the energy-saving emission reduction of buses as one of project

components, uses economic strategy to encourage the implementation of

energy-saving strategy, sets the concept of energy-saving and emission

reduction run through the whole project. The construction of the Smart public

transportation system, improves the road traffic conditions, eases traffic

congestion, saves the vehicle operating costs and reduces the motor vehicles

emissions and the influence of traffic noise on the urban environment by

transforming bus corridor, constructing the urban intelligent traffic

management system, intelligent traffic system and the bus infrastructure and

so on.

3.4 Other Impacts

The construction and implementation of this project will improve the

changes of social consciousness, with the implementation of pre-feasibility

studies for World Bank loans and the loaning work, its additionally scientific

and normal project feasibility studies, project implementation, management

modes and human-oriented thought will be carried out. Thus enhancing the

management levels of the personnel in relevant functional departments of the

people's governments at all levels, improving the academic levels and

technical levels of project consultant, technical staff and skilled worker


55

involved in the project implementation. With the effective impacts of the

management mode and management level of WB, all participants of this

project and the construction will be affected imperceptibly, to improve their

scientific and normal management consciousness and human-oriented

ideology.

In addition, the implementation of the project enables participants to learn

and be familiar with the improvement and optimization of bus corridor project,

implementation and operation process and technology. It also makes the

residents and the surrounding masses including the poor and vulnerable

groups have a better understanding of the intelligent transportation system

facilities, and it improves the technology and enhances the management level

as well. The implementation of the project improves the road and traffic safety

awareness of residents living in the affected area, improves the legal

consciousness and awareness of policy of all levels of government

management personnel, people participate in the project and people affected

by the project, and makes benefits to social coordinated development, stability

and unity.


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4. Stakeholder Analysis

Stakeholders are each institutions and individual who have direct or

indirect benefit-based relationships with the project, and they all have direct or

indirect affect to project. In project preparation process, we can help project

decision makers’ response to different stakeholders affected by the project and

make analysis and judgment through stakeholder analysis. So, in terms of

content of analysis, not only contains the concerns of the stake in the

stakeholders and project, their roles played in the project, their attitude and the

influence degree on the success or failure of the project construction; but also

contains influence to the stakeholders and the different levels and

requirements of different stakeholders affected by the project. On this basis,

put forward compensation measures and ways to the aggrieved group, set up

participation mechanism to promote all kinds of stakeholders to cooperate with

each other. Specifically the identification process is shown below:

First, identification of stakeholders: identify different stakeholders

according to the influence level and the relationship with the project;

Second, the needs and influence of the stakeholders: analyze and assess

the reaction and function of different stakeholders;

Third: impacts on stakeholders: analyze and assess the significance of

different stakeholders according to the objections of the project;

Fourth: disclosure of information, public participation and project risk

avoiding: publish the participation case for different stakeholders, put forward

reasonable measures, and avoid risks.

4.1 Main Stakeholders Identification

4.1.1 Process of stakeholders identification

Stakeholders are each institutions and individual who have direct or


57

indirect benefit-based relationships with the project, and they all have direct or

indirect affect to project. The construction of HCWSPTSP may have different

positive or negative impact to different people. In order to correctly analyze the

positive and negative effects, we need to identify the stakeholders of the

project; the specific identification process is as follows:

Avoid social risks Organize public participation

Requirements and impact of the

main stakeholders

Main stakeholders Identification

Preliminary identification of

stakeholders

Interviews and questionnaire survey of main stakeholders

Discussion, field investigation and the preliminary analysis of the stakeholders’ function and role

Analysis the project characters, consult the literature and related

materials

Figure 4-1 Identification Process of Stakeholders


58

Table 4-1 Work Details of Stakeholders Identification

Process Contents The Feasible Tools Goals

First

Preliminary identification of stakeholders

Communicate with PMO of Harbin Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau (Urban Construction Investment Group com. LTD in the ealier stage) about the early stage of SA; Analyze the character of Smart Public Transport System Project; The literature review;

Previous experience of other urban transport project

Identify all the stakeholders who have direct or indirect benefit-based relationships with the project.

Second

Main stakeholders Identification

Have information discussions with government and agencies, PMO, Public utility transformation sub-projects office (Construction bureau), Public Transport transformation sub-projects office (The bus company), the transport management sub-projects office (Traffic police detachment), sensitive spots along(communities, hospitals, schools, religious sits), Scientific research and design units，Environment assessment units; The field reconnaissance of the integrative transport corridor, the transport supporting infrastructures and intelligent transport system.

Identify the stakeholders who have direct impact on the success or failure of the project construction and distinguish the stakeholders to different categories.


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Third

Analysis of the main stakeholders

Have symposium with relative agencies, the public and the vulnerable groups to understand relationship between stakeholders and the project, and requirements of different stakeholders from many aspects;

Field reconnaissance; Questionnaire about travel of residents; Questionnaire about traffic police; Questionnaire about bus drivers; Questionnaire about vulnerable groups.

Analyze requirements of different stakeholders, the impact on stakeholders by the project and the impact on the construction of project by stakeholders.

Fourth Reinforce and reduction

Communicate with PMO, sub-PMO, design unit of the project about preliminary results of the investigation, put forward feasible measures and put them into the later design.

Improve the positive effects of the project, reduce or eliminate the negative effects at the same time.


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4.1.2 Category and analysis of the stakeholders

4.1.2.1 Category of stakeholders of HCWSPTSP

Due to the identification of stakeholders, the relative stakeholders

includes government and agencies, PMO and Enforcement agencies,

impacted groups because of the land requisition and removal; inhabitant in the

project service area, floating population; vulnerable groups; and other

stakeholders. According to the effects, stakeholders could be divided into

beneficiary, impaired party, stakeholders benefit from and impaired by the

project, and vulnerable groups.

Table 4-2 Category of Stakeholders of HUIPTSP

Category Stakeholders of HCWSPTSP Judgments

Beneficiary

Government and agencies, PMO, The bus company, Traffic police, Residents, Floating population, Project implementation agencies and so on.

Realize the public function of organization;

Meet public service requirements;

Acquire direct economic benefit.

Impaired party

Groups and shops impacted by the rebuilt and expanded road line; Groups affected by the relocation of platform, car park, the first stage and the last stage, park and protect spot, hub stage and slow bridge.

Loss of tangible assets such as land and houses;

Loss of intangible assets such as social relationship;

Be forced to change livelihood and lifestyle.

Stakeholders benefit and impaired from the project

Communities, shops, schools, hospital, enterprise, etc. along the three-dimensional and integrative bus corridor affected temporarily by the construction of the project.

Inconvenience of travel for a short time;

Meet the travel requirements with the improved traffic;

Improve the traffic economic and increase the social benefit.


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Category Stakeholders of HCWSPTSP Judgments

Other stakeholders

Land and Resources Bureau, civil affairs bureau, Social Security office, EPA, RTA, senior citizens' work committee, the Women's Federation, Organization on Disability, etc.

NGO, voluntary association, WB

Property of the project;

Realize the functions of agencies.

Vulnerable groups

Poor families, female-headed households, women, minorities, lonely elderly, children, disabled in project area and service area after the completion of the project.

Week characteristics of groups;

Voice and the ability of participation.

4.1.2.2 Analysis Matrix of Main Stakeholders of HCWSPTSP

Analysis matrix of stakeholders is a useful tool to conclude and compare

the different stakeholders according their correlation with the project,

characters, and effect. And it is used to analyze the stake of main stakeholders

in the project (direct benefit, indirect benefit, direct affected, indirect affected),

roles, attitudes, and degree of influence.

Table 4-1 Analysis Matrix of Main Stakeholders of HUCSPTSP

Stakeholders Stake Roles Attitude Degree of influence

Government of Harbin City Indirect

Organize, coordinate

Support High

PMO and other government agencies Indirect

Organize, coordinate

Active High

Public utility transformation sub-projects office

Direct Implement Active High


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Stakeholders Stake Roles Attitude Degree of influence

Public Transport transformation sub-projects office


Transport construction management sub-projects office


Groups impacted by the land requisition and removal and organization agencies

Direct Affected Support, worry

High

Groups impacted by the temporary land requisition and organization agencies

Direct Affected Support, worry

High

The construction process of reformation of the road line “Three vertical and two horizontal a slow” affects the daily life of surrounding groups and the operation of organizations.

Indirect

Affected Support, worry

Middle

Groups affected by the construction process of the first stage and the last stage, park and protect spot and driving training center.

Indirect

Affected Support, worry

Middle

Travellers in downtown of Harbin City Direct Beneficiary Support Low

Special groups

(Especially elderly, children and disabled)

Direct Beneficiary Support Low

4.2 Requirements of Main Stakeholders

4.2.1 Government of Harbin City

The government has dual position and effect: the first is to fulfill the

function of public management, to manage and regulate the social investment;

the second is to bear the responsibility of public investment, and provide public

service and production to public. The government plays a dual role in

HCWSPTSP as “the promoters of urban development” and “servers to citizen”


63

as well.

First, project implementation can introduce WB capital, reduce the

pressure of government investment in infrastructure, and speed up the

transformation of urban development and the requirements of promoting the

process of urbanization in Harbin city;

Second, project implementation can give priorities to develop bus system,

deal with extremely cold environment, meet the requirements of citizen’s daily

travel and the construction a city comfortable to live in and convenient to

travel;

Third, project implementation can lead residents to drive green, improve

problems such as traffic congestion and environment pollution and realize

energy and greenhouse reductions;

Fourth, project implementation can realize the intelligent traffic

management, strengthen traffic safety, and realize the information and date

sharing between traffic and travellers.

4.2.2 Leader Group of HCWSPTSPand PMO of Harbin City

Harbin Government has established the leader group of HCWSPTSP.

The leader group is consist of several departments, including HMDRC, Harbin

Municipal Finance Bureau, Harbin Municipal Housing and Urban-rural

Construction Bureau, Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau, Municipal Traffic

Management Bureau, Urban Construction Investment Group co., LTD, City

Water Supply and Drainage Group and other relative units in Harbin City. They

are mainly in responsible for reviewing and determining the overall project

planning, organizing and coordinating the major issues involved in national

and municipal level, policy, system and other aspects of during the

construction of the project.


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The leader group has Project Management Office (PMO for short below),

and the PMO of this project is in Harbin Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau.

The PMO is mainly in responsible for the management of matching funds and

project.

Subproject units put forward by each project finish the whole project

construction work under the unified arrangement of the PMO. So:

PMO is mainly in charge of organization and coordination, hope for more

power to advance quickly and orderly progress of the project.

PMO hopes to organize all departments involved in the project to

strengthen the communication and coordination with each other to enhance

the efficiency of the public service through the implementation of project.

PMO hopes for the success of the construction, which will be the

performance of main leaders and staff in the agencies, and hope for reward to

improve the working condition and environment as well.

PMO hopes the leaders pay attention to them and especially give capital

support. At the same time, they hope the programs can be reduced to speed

up the project process, reduce the costs, get loan as soon as possible and

complete the tasks given by leaders.

4.2.3 Other Agencies of Government

First, they cannot benefit from the project at all, but the content of

construction is one of their main jobs. Without the project, they will suffer no

loss, and with project, they have to whip out special staff to take charge of the

work of the project and must affect other work. So the project may be a burden

to them. They hope the government can take their coordinate work into

consideration and give some office expense when necessary.


65

Second, they participate passively in the administrative intervention.

Because of passive participation, government is very important during the

whole process. If the supervision of regulatory agency does not reach the

designated position, the participation may be discounted.

Figure 4-3 Symposium with Relative Government Agencies and PMO

4.2.4 Implementation Agencies

The content of the HCWSPTSP includes: the sub-project of bus priority

and public transport corridor, the construction of public transport infrastructure

sub-project, transport management and safety construction sub-project, road

maintenance and emergency response construction sub-project, and

institutional capacity construction sub-project. The project establishes Public

utility transformation sub-projects office (Construction bureau), Public

Transport transformation sub-projects office (The bus company) and the

transport management sub-projects office. It is shown below.

First, content of implementation is one of their work, they hope to take this

opportunity to improve from two aspects, institution construction and service

ability;

Second, the implementation agencies hope to improve the working


66

environment and reduce the daily job stress (especially traffic police and bus

drivers) through the implementation of Cold Weather Smart Public Transport

System Project;

Third, the implementation brings many opportunities to agencies staff,

such as promotion, transformation, showing talents, etc. So they hope their

leaders can offer their full support, as well as the coordination of other

agencies.

Table 4-5 Implementation Agencies Name Unit Main contents

PMO of bus priority and public transport corridor

Construction ministry of public transport corridor of PMO

In responsible for the design and management; in responsible for putting forward requirements of function and design according to the project, coordinating relative departments taking participate in the project; in responsible for the construction quality, progress, safety, and the control management of financial management. Make joint efforts in relative work according to the requirements of the PMO.

PMO of the construction of public transport infrastructure

Public transport ministry of PMO

In responsible for the design and management; in responsible for putting forward equipment specifications and standards of function and design according to the content of the project, providing components purchasing plan and implementation plan; in responsible for the construction quality, progress, safety, and the control management of financial management. Make joint efforts in relative work according to the requirements of the PMO.

PMO of transport management and safety construction

Transport management ministry of PMO

In responsible for the design and management; in responsible for putting forward purchasing plan and implementation plan according to the content of the project; in responsible for the construction quality, progress, safety, and the control management of financial management. Make joint efforts in relative work according to the requirements of the PMO.


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4.2.5 Impacted Groups

Construction (expanding of roads, construction of bus sites, construction

of bus transfer junction stations, car par, slow bridge, the construction of

training center, etc.) cannot avoid using land, the sources of construction land

divided into urban construction land (state land), expropriation of rural

collective land transformed into urban construction land. Known by

communicating with PMO, when comes to all land, they try their best to use

existing urban construction land and instead of expropriating or removal. When

cannot be avoided, it is necessary to do a good job of land resettlement.

When expropriation and removal are involved, groups impacted by the

land requisition as impaired party, whether we can take their reasonable

requirements into full consideration, work out the proposal of the recovering of

living, livelihood and development, let them participate in the project and share

the benefit. All of these are related to the smooth construction of HCWSPTSP.

For property affected population, reasonable compensation and resettlement

are their first requirements. To households who lose their land, besides gain

their compensation of land, they hope the government can carry out method to

help them transform livelihood and improve economic status. To removal

households, we should ensure their house righting, offer monetary

compensation, and provide varied choices such as exchanging property right

and let them choose voluntarily.

4.2.6 Public transport Travellers

4.2.6.1 Travel Situation in Harbin City

A. Travel Mode

Table 4-6 Statistics of the Top Three of Citizens Travel Mode


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Top three choices

Not winter Winter

Frequency Percent（%） Frequency Percent（%）

By bus 468 31.2 477 32.5

By food 403 26.9 348 23.7

By cab 341 22.7 373 25.4

Total 1,212 80.8 1,198 81.6

Bus is the main mode of residents’ travel in Harbin City.

According to survey result, the main travel modes of resident are by bus,

by food and by cab not in winter and in winter, the total shares 80.8% and

81.6% respectively. Among them, by bus is the preferred travel mode, and

there is not big difference in seasonal distribution, about 0.8%.

B. Travel Frequency

Table 4-7 Travel Frequency of citizens

Frequency Not winter Winter

Frequency Percent（%） Frequency Percent（%）

More than once a day

185 37.0 187 37.4

Once two or three days

134 26.8 111 22.2

Once a week 94 18.8 98 19.6

Once two weeks

31 6.2 38 7.6

Once a month

32 6.4 36 7.2

Others 24 4.8 30 6.0

Total 500 100.0 500 100.0

The frequency of bus usage in Harbin City is very high. According to

the investigation result, not in winter, the percentage citizen travel by bus more


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than once a week is 82.6% when the season is not winter; it is 79.2% in winter.

In terms of season distribution, citizen will decrease the frequency of travelling

by bus.

4.2.6.2 Project Requirement of Citizens in Harbin City

The requirement of project is according to requirement of daily travel. As a

high frequency using vehicle, construction of public transport system means a

lot to citizens’ life quality. According to questionnaire, it is found that

requirements of project implementation are:

First, optimize traffic lines; connect enterprises, shopping center, hospitals,

schools, etc. with each other, to be convenient for daily travel of work, study

and life;

Second, improve bus infrastructure, especially heating equipment in

winter to improve the comfort of bus;

Third, improve the punctuality, schedule grid frequency reasonably, to

improve the serve level;

Fourth, renovate integrated bus corridor comprehensively to improve

travel environment;

Fifth, ensure smooth and safe travel environment by the construction of

intelligent information system.

4.2.7 Special Groups

Special groups involved in the project mainly content elderly, women,

children, low-income groups, disabled, minorities, foreign population, etc.

In terms of minorities, because ethnic minorities and the Han nationality

living together for a long time in Harbin, their customs and habits have great

similarity with the Han nationality, there are no sensitive spots found in the SA


70

process.

The main purpose of children’s travel is to go to school and go back home.

Currently, primary schools in Harbin are divided according to area, students

mainly go to neighborhood schools, demands of taking buses are not great,

and there are no other sensitive spots found in the SA process.

Foreign population’s demands of taking buses are not big. Because they

are not familiar with the transport situation in new city, many people prefer to

take a cab. In terms of buses, they focus more on that whether some of the

electronic map functions can be increased in sites.

The SA conducted deep interview with the elderly, low-income groups and

the disabled, and compiled requirements of different groups to this project.


71

Figure 4-2 Some Pictures of Symposium

During the process of interview and survey, we found that demands of all

kinds of different people for public transportation system and focus are

different.


72

The dependence of low-income residents on urban public transport is the

greatest, they really want or relative want to solve these problems.

Table 4-8 The Urban Transportation Infrastructure Needs of Special Populations( The

Families Enjoying the Minimum Living Guarantee )

Families enjoying the minimum

living guarantee Strongly

expect

Somewhat

expect A bit expect Not expect

Doesn't matter, I

don't know

The height of the

platform must be

consistent with the

height of the vehicle’s

floor

1 0 0 0 0

Set the bar and lifting

handle 1 0 0 0 0

The blind tracks,

barrier-free facilities,

emergency inlet and

outlet should be set up

at the entrance

1 0 0 0 0

The cars and the

stations should have

specific signs

1 0 0 0 0

If the ticket price goes

up, people should be

given public transport

subsidies

1 0 0 0 0

Set up more seats for

the old, the weak, the

sick, the crippled and the

pregnant

1 0 0 0 0

In order to avoid the

urgent start and brake,

more safety education

should be given to the

drivers

1 0 0 0 0

Other 1 0 0 0 0

http://dict.youdao.com/w/enjoying/

http://dict.youdao.com/w/the/

http://dict.youdao.com/w/minimum/

http://dict.youdao.com/w/living/

http://dict.youdao.com/w/guarantee/







73

The dependence of disabled on urban public transport is lower than

low-income residents and they pay more attention to the barrier-free facilities

and fares.

Table 4-9 The Urban Transportation Infrastructure Needs of Special Populations( The

Families with Disabled Persons )

The families with disabled

persons Strongly

expect

Somewhat


Doesn't matter, I

don't know

The height of the

platform must be

consistent with the


floor

1 0 1 0 0


handle 2 0 0 0 0

The blind tracks,


emergency inlet and


at the entrance

2 0 0 0 0

The cars and the


specific signs

0 1 1 0 0




subsidies.

0 1 0 0 1




pregnant.

1 0 0 0 1





drivers.

1 0 0 0 1


74

The families with disabled

persons Strongly

expect

Somewhat


Doesn't matter, I

don't know

The height of the

platform must be

consistent with the


floor

1 0 1 0 0


handle 2 0 0 0 0

The blind tracks,


emergency inlet and


at the entrance

2 0 0 0 0

The cars and the


specific signs

0 1 1 0 0




subsidies.

0 1 0 0 1

Others 0 0 0 0 0


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The elderly have the biggest concern of urban public transport, and

participate in the project more actively. They pay more attention to safe issues. Table 4-10 The Urban Transportation Infrastructure Needs of Special Populations (The

Families with Elderly People )

The families with elderly people Strongly

expect

Somewhat


Doesn't matter, I

don't know

The height of the

platform must be

consistent with the


floor

39 12 2 1 4


handle 40 12 3 1 2

The blind tracks,


emergency inlet and


at the entrance.

38 12 3 1 4

The cars and the


specific signs

41 9 4 1 2




subsidies

34 16 2 1 5




pregnant

42 13 1 1 1





drivers

46 11 1 0 0

Others 16 6 0 0 9


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4.3 Project Impact Analysis to Stakeholders

4.3.1 Government of Harbin City

Construction of urban traffic system oriented by the “convenient, efficient,

safe, comfortable” public transportation is the strategy of bus priority

implemented actively by Harbin Municipal Party Committee and Municipal

Government. They hope to improve invest environment, bring vitality for

economic development, bring brand-new appearance for city by the

construction of urban infrastructure. The project can improve the urban

transport situation, is advantageous to the urban construction, and is

advantageous to realize the sustainable development strategy with economic,

social and environmental benefits unified. And the implementation of the

project will be a performance of the government. So, the government’s

enthusiasm is very high.

4.3.2 PMO of Harbin City

The PMO of the project belongs to Leading Group of HCWSPTSP, which

set uo in Harbin Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau . It is the present key

responsibility to pass the assessment of WB for PMO smoothly, and it is one of

the most important indicators of performance from superior unit. Successes

and Failures of the Project affect PMO a lot. If successful, it could be an

important performance and could lay the foundation for application

management in future similar projects. If it fails, PMO must lose the necessity

of its existence, even facing the risk on the dissolution.

4.3.3 Other Agencies of Government

Construction of project needs help and assistance from other government

agencies. It cannot avoid increasing their workloads. On the one hand, it is the

key city-level project, on the other hand, they do not responsible for the project

and it has nothing to do with them although done well.


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4.3.4 Implementation Agency

Implementation agency is the specific implementation unit of the project,

such as the transport bureau and the traffic management bureau in Harbin.

Although they do not affect the success or failure of project directly, their work

ability, work style and professional level determine the effect of the project

directly.

The implementation increases the workloads of implementation agency,

but its success will become a performance of its main leaders. And the

implementation brings the agency budget, which helps to improve staff’s

treatment. As implementation agency, it takes social risks to some extent.

During the processes of construction and operation, if the implementation

agency cannot deal the interests with the affected people of the

land requisition or environment, it will undertake social risks.

4.3.5 Groups Impacted by the Land Requisition

The construction of the project may involve the part of gratuitous transfer

of state-owned land use right, a small amount of housing demolition and

temporary land occupy. Although the number of affected people is very little,

according to the experience of previous similar project, if the construction and

operation of the project do not deal well with the relationship between affected

people, then the propulsion of project will have a lot of resistance, in the same

way, also the project cannot operate normally after the completion. The current

laws do not allow the mandatory demolition; the demolition must obtain the

agreement of landless people. Similarly, in the project, the temporary occupies

can also cause a certain loss, relevant units should actively consulting with the

specific measures of compensation and replacement of the affected people,

ensure that affected people can get reasonable compensation, and make the

project promote smoothly.


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4.3.6 Public transport Travellers

Service objects of Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project

are urban residents, and they are the biggest beneficial. Known from the

investigation that most urban residents support the project (see 5.1), they can

express their opinions and suggestion. But they do not impact the project a lot.

4.3.7 Special Groups

Special groups are also beneficial. Known from the investigation that most

special groups support the project, but their ability of participating in the project

is weak and do not impact the project a lot. Therefore, we should carry out

public participation mechanism for them and listen to their requirements fully.

In addition, government carried out preferential policy and Standard

system for special groups. Take disabled as an example, when building,

expanding and transforming urban roads, large public building and residential

area, we should strictly enforce the barrier free design and construction

requirement, no approve and no acceptance for construction projects do not

meet the specifications.

Table 4-11 is part contents of undertakings for disabled persons in the

Harbin “twelfth five-year” development-planning outline.

Table 4-11 Harbin Undertakings for Disabled Persons in The “Twelfth Five-year”

Development-planning Outline

13. Intensify the barrier-free construction, create conditions for disabled to

participate equally in social life

-- Include the construction of barrier-free path in the annual construction

plan; complete the 4 million constructions of barrier-free blind roads in roads,

public buildings, residential areas and other places accessible.

-- According to certain proportion, set free parking garages for disabled in

http://dict.baidu.com/s?wd=preferential%20policy

http://dict.baidu.com/s?wd=barrier%20free%20design


79

conditional public parking lots in airports, railway stations, docks, schools,

libraries, hospitals, large shopping sites, tourist attractions, etc.

-- Promote barrier-free of information communication for disabled; expand

the assistive communication business; provide low-cost, high quality service

for the disabled; realize barrier-free of information communication, and

implementing in social communication.

-- Promote the construction of voice prompt, screen subtitle, visual guiding

system in public services industry, public places, public transportation, etc.

make convenient to the disabled.

5. Mutual Adaptability Analysis of the Project and the Local

Society

About the mutual adaptability analysis of the project and the local society

(mutual adaptability for short below), the contents are as follows: first, we

should find out whether the social environment and cultural conditions of the

project location can accept and support the existence and development of the

project; Second, we should investigate the progress of the project which the

local government and residents both support; Third, we should study the

mutual adaptability between the project and the local society.

5.1 The Mutual Adaptabilities of Different Stakeholders and the Project

The relation between stakeholders and the project is impact and be

impacted. The mutual adaptabilities to the stakeholders and project, is mainly

means that according to the different interest groups, the relationship between

different stakeholders and the project, etc. identified by the stakeholder

analysis method, gain the requirements and attitude to the project of interest

groups, analyze the consequences. Specific contents include: on the one hand,

attitude and acceptability of stakeholders on the project construction and


80

operation, in what aspects, to what degree they can support and cooperate

with the project; on the other hand, influence and adaptabilities on local

organizations, social structure, technology, culture and so on. Table 5-1 is the

analysis of mutual adaptabilities of between HCWSPTSP and all stakeholders.

The situation of symposium about the attitude and requirements of

stakeholders can be seen in Figure 5-1.

Table 5-1 The Mutual Adaptabilities of Different Stakeholders of Project

Stakeholders Attitudes Acceptabilities Supports and cooperation

The government of

Harbin city

Positive attitude；

Ask the PMO of the

city to approve the

project and go about

the construction as

soon as possible

Good adaptation

According to the social economic

development, consider the project

components, fund raising, policy

making and so on.

PMO of the city

Positive attitude;

Ask the Project

implementation

agencies to finish

the construction

task as soon as

possible

Good adaptation

Strengthen the communication

between the government agencies

and other related agencies, to

coordinate the relationship

between the agencies

Other government

agencies (Harbin

Municipal Finance

Bureau, Civil Affairs

Bureau,

Environmental

Protection Agency,

etc.)

Positive attitude;

Ask the Project

implementation

agencies to finish

the construction

task as soon as

possible

Good adaptation

According to the function of

different department, they should

cooperate in the sides the project

involves, participate in project

design, provide comments and

suggestions

Project

implementation

agencies (Traffic

Management

Bureau, Bureau of

Transportation,

etc.)

Positive attitude;

ask for matching

funds; go about the

construction as

soon as possible.

Good adaptation

From the perspective of

institutional demand, they should

put forward project content and

construction project after the

project has been approved.


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The people

influenced by the

land acquisition and

house demolition

Positive attitude;

ask for the

reasonable

compensation

Relatively good

adaptation

After they have accepted the

compensation and resettlement

fund, they should take the initiative

to leave the occupied land.

The people travel

by public

transportation

Positive attitude;

Ask the project

implementation

agencies to start the

construction as

soon as possible

Good adaptation

Through public participation

channels, actively participate in the

design of the project, to provide

good advice

Special crowds

Positive attitude;

ask the project

implementation

agencies to start the

construction as

soon as possible

Good adaptation

Through public participation

channels, actively participate in the

design of the project, to provide

good advice

Figure 5-1 SA Group Had A Symposium with Relative Units of HCWSPTSP

From 14th Mar. 2013 to 20th Mar. 2013, the SA group carried out the

random sampling questionnaire survey to residents nearby, passengers of

buses and personnel in enterprise and public institution long the Harbin

http://dict.youdao.com/search?q=special&keyfrom=E2Ctranslation

http://dict.youdao.com/w/crowd/


82

intelligent public transport corridor (passage of Youyi Road, Xinyang Road and

Hongqi Street). Send 506 questionnaires in total. And 506 questionnaires were

recovered, 500 valid questionnaires. We used the SPSS statistics software to

count and analyze the statistics. About the necessity of setting up bus lanes in

Harbin, 83.4% of people think it is necessary, to the attitude to the setting up of

bus lanes in Harbin, 84.8% of people support. See Figure 5-2 and 5-3.

Figure 5-2 The Necessity Analysis of Establishing of Bus Lanes Harbin

Figure 5-3 The Necessity Analysis of Giving Space Priority to Bus Lanes


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5.2 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local Organizations, Social

Structures

5.2.1 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local Organizations

Local organizations refer to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and

urban and rural residents spontaneously formed folk organizations or groups,

etc. in the project area and benefit area.

Through field survey, there is not any kind of direct involvement of NGOs,

etc. involved in the location area of three entities of the HCWSPTSP, so they

will not affect the project. At the same time, the project as the public

infrastructure service projects, its implementation and operation are service for

internal transportation of the city, will not have direct or indirect negative

effects on the development of all types of organizations. The Figures below are

the communication process between SA group and main bus companies in

Harbin about smart public transportation system and its adaptability. The SA

group arranged the material such as the interview content and so on.

Figure 5-4 Symposium with Harbin Head Bus Company and Heilongjiang Feiyi

Passenger Transport co., LTD

Table 5-2 Content of Symposium with Harbin Head Bus Company

Time: 2:00pm on 26th Mar. 2013 Place: Conference room on 6th floor of Harbin Head Bus Company Participants: Manager Liu of Harbin Head Bus Company, Minister Zhang of operation and


84

information ministry and all the team captains Process of the symposium A. Panel: Manager Liu of Harbin Head Bus Company

First, Manager Liu introduced the basic situation of the company. Harbin Head Bus Company established in 1946, is the national secondary enterprise. Now it belongs to one of the three largest state-run public transportation companies in Harbin. Company has more than 7,400 enrollment existing staff, together with more than 3,000 retired staff; the company has to burdened salary of more than 10,400 people and distributed tasks such as pensions. The company has more than 1,800 buses in total, among them, more than 1,600 buses are normal operation, and about 4,000 first line drivers, among them, more than 2,300 are in active service, near 1,700 are outside hired. The company has bus routes add up to 59, including 3 buses at night (22:00-24:00 every day), No.8 bus is “women team” in the company. All the bus routes, shipping a total of more than 80 passengers, and the transportation mileage reaches 100 million kilometers daily. Harbin Head Bus Company has seven operation sub-companies, in addition with a maintenance company as subsidiary company and a logistics company as property management company. Company team implement operation management of target responsibility.

In 2012, the operating income is 300 million Yuan. After the evaluation of operating costs, the company was still operating loss in the year. According to the instruction of Manager Liu, the company losses more than 80 million Yuan every year, now the debt is 500 million in total. Country gives subsidies on financial and subsidies on fuel every year are about 50 million Yuan and 100 million Yuan respectively on average. The main reason is policy-related losses including pension, and operational losses is small. So far, Harbin Head Bus Company has invested continuously for three years according to the investment scale of 200 buses each year, among them, the investment of the construction of the parking lot in Hailan area is nearly 300 million Yuan, in the subsequent investments, the company will gain performance by ways such as “land replacement”.

In addition, the average monthly wage of first line drivers is about 2,600 Yuan. Because the bus drivers have to get up about 4:00am, work about 14 hours average, and there is no additional commercial insurance to guarantee except compulsory insurance, the supply of drivers for 32 bus companies is very tense all the time. In terms of the specifications and configuration of the buses, the ways of maintaining is different, and after sales service for different bus brands is different, this may cause the cost high maintenance costs and delays. In terms of energy conservation and environmental protection, companies purchase a number of natural gas buses, and most of them the rear engine, pedal configuration. But because Environmental Regulatory Authorities improve the emission standers from “Ou 4” to “Ou5”, the 34 new purchased buses cannot get licensed. It shows the inflexibility of Harbin local policy. In addition, to response to the extreme cold city environment, new purchases buses are all hollow glasses, once broken, the bus has to be repaired by the factory, this kind of “industrial design trap” brings the operation of bus company heavy burden.

To the subsidies preferential policy of reducing the age enjoy discount when taking buses to 60 year old, Manager Liu regarded that the assumption is all depended on the


85

Harbin finance subsidies. To the construction of barrier-free facilities, he also thought should be started with the setting of bus stops, and the possibility of sign language stops is low. In addition, Manager Liu thought the road canalization project should not be rushed to start. The smart public transportation project should priority solve urgent problems such as “waiting in warm house”, “ parking in warm house”, and the solution of “slope” and “platform” two problems, is an urgent key problem need to be solved.

At last, Manager Liu hoped that the smart public transport system construction project should configure intelligent equipment to command department of each team, improve the operation efficiency and management level in the whole company by depressing the management.

B. Panel: Minister Zhang of operation and information ministry

Minister Zhang believed the situation of “public transport rule all the world” is more convenient to provide better benefits to residents in Harbin. Now, the employment personnel scare in Harbin bus drivers market is small, the historical debts of the company itself is much, hardware facilities of first and last stops and parking are scarce, the cold winter climate as long as half a year lead to problems such as driving difficult in winter, seasonal absenteeism, etc. Based on these, Minister Zhang more money loaned by the WB can be used in the construction of infraction of parking and first and last stops; these constructions of infrastructure also had more effectiveness than new type of intelligent equipment. Moreover, after the operation of the project, he hoped the bus lanes can be “use for only buses”, project investment should take the salary of personnel in each bus company into more consideration; improve the working situation and environment. Finally, to the construction of garbage, had better to be decentralized, the location should be as reasonable as possible, to make convenience for vehicles to enter the library and reduce the cost.

C. Panel: Capital Ma, the delegate of all teams

Capital Ma, the delegate of all teams, regarded that, on the current status of the facilities, the construction of stops should give priority to the solution of public infrastructure like water supply and drainage system and so on. In addition, except bus drivers, he hoped improve working conditions for worker including cleaner and drivers, etc. by improving the level of wages and insurance level.

Table 5-3 Content of Symposium with Heilongjiang Feiyi Passenger Transport co.,

LTD

Time: 2:30pm on 27th Mar. 2013 Place: Conference room on 3rd floor of Heilongjiang Feiyi Passenger Transport co., LTD on No. 16 Feiyi Road

Participants: Manager Li Xiao-gang（13945676568）

Content:


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According to the introduction of Manager Li, Heilongjiang Feiyi Passenger Transport co., LTD is the biggest private passenger transportation company in nearly 30 private passenger transportation companies. Now, there are 402 operating buses in company, 18 of them had not gained public transport operation code in the city. The company has 10 bus routes such as No.64, No.66,etc., and has 10 bus teams. The daily traffic-counting was 300,000 person, in cold winter, it would be reduced because of students’ holiday, the reduction of out people and so on. Together with the management personnel, the company had 720 employees, including 523 first line enrolled bus drivers. In 2012, the total operation income of the company get more than 30 million, as private company, the operation of bus can only enjoy fuel subsidies. According to company accounting in 2012, operation cost is 1.1 Yuan per capita, the ticket income 1 Yuan per capita (only No.218 2 Yuan per capital) made the company overall assumes loss in recent years. Set the repair and spare parts replacement costs for all kinds of buses as an example, expenditure for the logistics every year can reach more than 300 ten thousand yuan.

In 2012, the company appeared the phenomenon of the leaving employees apply for returning to the company. On the one hand, it was because the full time salary (in strict accordance with the system of working two days rest for a day) for first line drivers had added up to 4,000 Yuan monthly, the full time salary for repairers and cleaners had added up to 3,000-3,500 Yuan; on the other hand, it was because of the freight logistics market resent years. Now, the women drivers shared the rate of about 2%, and it may related to the 12 working hours a day.

In terms of traffic accident, due to the slippery road in winter, all kinds of traffic accidents in company reached 200 in recent year. In terms of traffic accident responsibility determination, the company always bear about the 80% - 90% of the compensation, in winter, the rate may be 100%, to ensure employees can focus on their work.

As for company operation vehicles, 402 operating buses can be divided into three types, low-end and midrange and high-end, and the high-end buses were mainly No.218, and the price of each “naked bus” is about 430,000; the low-end buses were mainly and the price of No. 64, No.66, No.82, No.91, No.94 and No.218 “naked bus” is about 200,000; the midrange buses were mainly and the price of No. 68, No.86 “naked bus” is about 350,000. The rate of natural gas bus and diesel buses is about 2:1. In addition, another one need to be pointed out is that, now the GPS systems on 400 buses are “replacement” facilities, the system not only with big power consumption, but also only had the function of station reporting, and was unable to realize remote control and scheduling functions.

In terms of the punctuality and measured during bus operation, affected by the congestion and snow, the punctuality was hard to ensure present, the company benefits were also affected by the late of the bus. In addition, the company established specific telephone for complaints, 88001886, and operating buses in all bus routes all had the telephone number of team leader, in case of passengers reflecting various bus problem at any time.

Finally, in terms of laying of bus lanes, Manager Li hoped designed the bus priority corridors with causeway into Chinese bus priority corridors, and learned from the


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construction experience of bay mode bus stop in Jinan area, implement the decision making of “bus priority, fast public transport” as soon as possible, and hoped to increased treatment intensity of phenomenon such as “pedestrian run through red light”, “private cars stop at the bus stop”, improve travel safety and quality for all citizens.

Known from the symposium with two bus operation companies, these

organizations both had very high expectations to the implantation of the project,

and gave effective constructive suggestions to the possible problems and risks

during the operation process.

Finally, it should be pointed out that to ensure the construction of

HCWSPTSP loaned by WB, Harbin government has established leader group

of HCWSPTSP loaned by WB, consists by main leaders of Municipal

Development and Reform Commission, City Finance Bureau, City Housing

and Urban-rural, City Department of Transportation, City traffic police

detachment, City Water Supply and Drainage Group, City Investment

Company and other relative units or departments. The leader group is mainly

in charge of reviewing and determining the overall project planning, organizing

and coordinating the major issues involving in national and municipal level,

policy, system and other aspects of during the construction process of the

project.

From the perspective of the operation situation of WB leader group in

Harbin City, Harbin can solve all kinds of problems in time, and has promoted

the orderly development of the whole project.

5.2.2 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Social Structures

The content of social structures in fact is the main body of the

society—people and their survival activities—the existence mode of social

activity and social relationship, generally performance for: a) population

structure; b) combined structure of population; c) position structure (the

subordinate group class in society); d) the survival spatial structure; e) lifestyle

structure; f) the composition and mutual relations, etc. of various aspects in all


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areas like social, economic, political, legal, cultural, and so on.

The latest data in Harbin Bureau of Statistics in 2011shows that, the birth

rate, was 8.3‰, the death rate was 5.6‰, the natural population growth rate

was 2.7‰, the average household population was 2.7, the population sex ratio

of male to female was 101.62, and had a certain “demographic dividend”. In

terms of economic structure, in 2011 in Harbin, the local GDP was 424.22

billion, among them, the primary industry accounted for 10.5%, the second

industry accounted for 38.8%, and the third industry accounted for 50.7%.

Obviously, Harbin economic growth mainly depends on tourism and service

industry, etc. The industry types will be more performance for labor-intensive

industry. In 2011 in Harbin urban per capita disposable income was 20,031

Yuan, annual per capita net income of farmers reached 9,608 Yuan.

It can be seen from the data analysis above, the social structure

adjustment including population structure and industrial structure, has brought

the increase of residents’ income, at the same time, the demand for urban

infrastructure will also increase, the construction of HCWSPTSP will speed up

the rapid transition of social structure. Actually, most of sub-projects of

HCWSPTSP are located in urban area, and the land is state-owned urban

planed construction land, the family population structure of affected groups in

project area is mainly nuclear family, the combined structure of population is

relatively complex. Harbin as the political, economic and cultural center of

Heilongjiang Province, the social structure in the construction of the project

and service area has the common characteristics of domestic large and

medium-sized cities, has certain urgency to the demand of the smart public

transport system construction project, so the degree of social mutual

adaptability is very high. The other way round, the implementation of Harbin

smart public transport system project also has a good role in improving the city

public service level, improving the quality of residents’ life in the city and

optimizing social structure.


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5.3 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local Technology, Culture

Conditions

5.3.1 Whether Local Technology Meet The Requirements of Project

From the perspective of the project cycle, local technology includes the

construction technology during the construction process and project

management techniques in the operation process. To judge whether local

technology can meet the requirements of the project construction and

operation management, is to review that whether there are implementing

agencies and management institutions with a corresponding qualification

during the construction period and operation period. The construction and

operation of the sub-projects of HCWSPTSP and the management institutions

selected the constructing and operating units for sub-project with technical

qualifications meet the requirements of the WB according to the requirements

of WB project. The formation of the urban comprehensive transportation

planning, public transport special planning, etc. has carried out a number of

subject research and technology innovation of infrastructure projects, solved a

serious of key technical problems by the cooperation with scientific research

institutions, consulting firms, etc. Table 5-4 below is the research professionals

to be employed during preparation stage of the project in Harbin.

Table 5-4 Research Professionals to Be Employed during Preparation Stage of The

Project in Harbin

No. Type No. Note 1 Sociologists and economists 2 2 Urban planners 3

3 Environmental experts and expert in energy conservation and emissions reduction

2

4 Experts in urban road safety and traffic management

2

5 Urban public transport experts 3


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No. Type No. Note 6 Financial experts 1 7 Agency experts 1

5.3.2 Whether Cultural Conditions Conflict with The Project

The cultural conditions in project location mainly refer to cultural factors

such as ethnic, religious and customs in the construction and operational use

areas of each sub-project of Harbin smart public transport system would be

able to understand project, welcome and support the smart public

transportation, construction and use.

Through the visit to ethnic and religious committee and national schools in

Harbin, we knew that the urban area of Harbin is a multi-ethnic scattered

mixed city. In Harbin, there are 40 kinds of minorities, more than 200,000

minority population, a Man Nationality village, 10 ethnic villages, 2 fixed-point

production enterprises for ethnic minorities supplies, nearly thousand various

ethnic minority enterprises in all forms of ownership, 2 national hospitals, 12

national primary and secondary schools and kindergartens, a minority culture

and art group, 6 fellowship groups of ethnic minorities and 2 tombs for Hui

Nationality, but all these minority areas is located in each count and village in

Harbin, there is no minority area in project area. In addition, as the capital city

in Heilongjiang Province, there are tens of thousands of ethnic minority migrant

population to Harbin learning, working and doing business. Due to years of live

scattered, minority population in urban area has been integrated into the local

customs of Harbin and use local language, these existing ethnic minority

culture and customs has no clash with the design, implementation and

operation, etc. of the project. According to the suggestions by Harbin Ethnic

and Religious Affairs Committee, because sites from Hongqi Street to

Tongxiang Street scattered more Korean citizens, they hope to set up Chinese

and Korean bilingual road signs in this section and report bilingual in these

stations. Based on the evaluation of the social impact, in fact, the construction


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of the project also has benefit to promote the synchronous development of

ethnic minority social economy and the Harbin City, promote national unity and

harmony.

At the same time, according to the information provided by Harbin Ethnic

and Religious Affairs Committee, there are a variety of religions coexisting in

the city, including 6 kinds of religion such as Buddhism, Taoism, Islam,

Catholicism, Christianity and Orthodox. There are 6 citywide religion patriotic

groups (City Buddhist Association, City Taoism Association, City Islam

Association, City Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association, City Christian

Three-self Patriotic Association, and City Christianity Association). There are

56 religious activity places in total in urban area, and near 150,000 of masses

of all kinds of faith. However in the about 200 meters away from three corridors

of public transport project of HUIPTSP, there is no religion and ritual facilities.

In fact, after the completion of the project, the improvement and optimization of

the bus network will make convenient for believers to participate in religious

activities, and will provide a good hardware facilities and more human service

environment.

6. Social Risk Analysis

The implementation of the project often has negative impacts on the

project surrounding residents; these impacts may become a source of

intensifying social conflicts. The focuses to analysis and discuss in SA report

are how to identify in advance the negative impacts of a project that may lead

to social risks, and propose measures and recommendations to avoid or

mitigate social risks.

6.1. Identification of Social Risk

6.1.1 Social Risks in the Early Phase of Projects

Based on analysis of the contents of project construction and make


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interviews one by one to Municipal Construction Committee, Transportation

Bureau, Traffic Management Bureau, City Management Bureau and other

departments, the social risks faced during the preparation phase of

HCWSPTSP mainly include the following aspects:

First, degree of information disclosure is not enough, lacking of public

participation

From project preparation process and related interviews we can see that

the degree of information disclosure is not enough. Neither the common

people nor the government departments such as Land Resources Bureau and

Civil Affairs Bureau do not know the project and project content. The project

information disclosure and public participation have further room for

improvement.

Second, agency risk

Agency risk is different from other risks above. It is a kind of internal risk,

decision-making risk and risk of project implementation caused by the

establishment of the project temporary agencies and the following authority

conflict and benefit conflict. As introduced earlier, the main contents of this

project belong to the transaction scope of Transportation Bureau. There are

inconsistencies between the institutional responsibilities in the project and the

actual institutional responsibilities in project implementation process, which

need to further straighten out the clear distinctions, to guarantee that the

project preparation and project implementation can be carried out smoothly.

Third, lack of World Bank Project experience, consciousness and concept

of inclusive development is not very strong

From pre-project preparation process can be seen, the PMO has strong

project preparation and management capabilities, but overall the project other

relevant agencies, grasping and understanding of the policies of World Bank

project are not comprehensive nor fully. Performance in the lack of

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understanding of some concepts, some ideas in the project, and is still not in

project preparation, such as the design of the project is still not fully consider

the factors of these policies of the World Bank.

6.1.2 Social Risks during Construction Phase

Generally speaking, social risks of the project construction period on the

one hand perform to create noise, dust and other environment risks caused by

project construction after each sub-entity commencing; on the other hand,

these social risks also include personal injury, risk of work missing, temporary

land use and other risks.

Specific to HUIPTSP, the predictions of social risks during construction

phase can be summarized as follows:

First, bus priority public transport corridor project

Youyi road channel (TongGang street - highway bridge), Xinyang Road

channel (Xiangzheng Street – Jincheng Street), and Hongqi Street Channel

(Dongzhi Road - Tongxiang street), these three bus priority corridor length is

21.59 km. No matter road renovation, or road widening and upgraded, these

projects will inevitably produce the common noise, air, solid waste and other

environmental risks of municipal engineering project construction process in

the construction process, the increase in the frequency block traffic, traffic

accidents and other traffic management increased risk also appears. In

addition, the control signals and canalization system, information publishing

system on the platform, and other information technology equipments during

the intelligent public transport corridor construction (BC - 2) subproject, have

some procurement risks, such as that the quality and the model is not in

conformity with requirements.

In the sub-construction environmental risks that may arise, for example, in

the process of bus priority corridors construction, daytime construction noise

interfere with residents’ work and production along the roadsides, nighttime

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construction noise interfere with residents’ rest and living along the roadsides.

During project construction, road surface excavation, construction dregs and

construction materials will inevitably pile up along the way, rain construction

dregs, building materials after rain washed and vehicle rolling, then the roads

become muddy, these will affect the excavation of the road near the landscape

and tidy. Construction of road excavation, bare ground surface in case of

rainfall, may have a certain amount of soil erosion, while the excavation of

surface vegetation brings destruction. Laying new pavement and the

transformation is complete; must recover the corresponding sections of green,

reduce soil erosion and restore most of the vegetation.

Second, public transportation infrastructure projects

Public transportation infrastructure subprojects are planning for the

HUCWSPTSP. The subprojects plan to build public transport hub stations, bus

terminals and bus shelters, which are suitable for extremely cold environment,

purchase new buses suitable for alpine areas, and build public transport

intelligent management platform. All of these aims at enhancing the level of

public transportation infrastructure modernization, making public transport

infrastructure construction level coincide with the public transport corridor

construction level, and improving the level of public transport services. As for

the content of the project, the project mainly includes the terminal construction

and equipment procurement. Compared with equipment procurement, the

terminal construction is necessary for the municipal engineering construction.

Temporary occupation of land, dust pollution, water pollution, vegetation

deterioration and other social risks will arise. During the construction process,

many construction machineries and transport vehicles need to be used. These

devices will undoubtedly radiate strong noise, which will affect the normal life

of nearby residents. Among these devices, construction machineries mainly

include excavators, bulldozers, loaders, bulldozers and the others. Transport

vehicles include all kinds of trucks, dump trucks. Table 6-1 shows the noise

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levels of all kinds of construction machinery equipment, which would be used

during the construction process of Harbin cold weather smart transport system

project.

Table 6-1 The Noise Levels of All Kinds of Construction Machinery Equipment

Unit: dB（A）

Number Mechanical types

The distance between observation point and construction equipment（m）

LMax

1 Wheel loader 5 90

2 Land leveller 5 90

3 Movable roller 5 86

4 Double vibration road roller 5 81

5 Three wheeled roller 5 81

6 Pneumatic tyred roller 5 76

7 Bulldozer 5 86

8 Hydraulic wheel excavator 5 84

9 Paver 5 87

10 Generator 5 98

11 Truck 5 92

12 Concrete mixer 5 91

13 Concrete pump 5 95

14 Mobile crane 5 96

15 Hammers and rock drills 5 98

16 Vibratory machine 5 84

17 Air wrench 5 95

In this project the possible risk of temporary land use analysis as an

example. For affected residents of project temporary land use, temporary land

compensation fees must be in place, otherwise there will be residents impede

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project construction and lead to social risk of the project construction period

delay, conflict risks of affecting social stability and harmony may also exist.

After the completion of the supporting infrastructure projects, ensure that

residents of temporary land use can timely use the land after the

reconstruction, does not affect the residents' normal production and work.

Construction period of temporary land use should fully protect the affected

residents in the economic and social benefits.

Third, others

From the planning and construction schemes of the other three

subprojects, we can see that, traffic management and safety construction

project, road maintenance and emergency response project, and agency

capacity building project, the main contents of these projects include the

equipment procurement, installation and personnel training, etc. During

construction period, the social risk is mainly traffic chaos phenomena such as

temporary traffic congestion may occur when Harbin city public traffic is in the

equipment debugging and personnel training period.

As can be seen from the analysis above, Harbin cold weather smart

transportation system projects may bring a certain degree of negative effects

in project construction period, but these effects are small scale, short, social

risk it brings in a sense can be characterized as the necessary project cost.

However, for temporary land occupation, etc., if the construction workers and

local residents do not have good communication, some minor contradictions

without timely mitigation, it may also produce more violent social conflicts.

6.1.3 Social Risks during Operation Phase

After HCWSPTSP put into operation, social risks may exist in the

following areas:

First, ticket price increase problem


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The survey found that Harbin people are more sensitive to prices after the

implementation of the project. 88.4% of residents believe that the current price

ticket is reasonable, 87.8% of the people want to be able to maintain the

project after the completion of the current fare.

Figure 6-1 public evaluation of the existing fare

Figure 6-2 public fares hope of the project after the completion

All kinds of interview process to carry out in the social group also can be

seen that, older age groups and parts of disabilities are especially sensitive to

fares. Some respondent people even said that if the project is completed and


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fares increase, then they will change the way to travel, no longer take the bus.

Because their original income is not high, according to the current fare, they

are now spending 60 yuan fare of about a month, which for the lower income

groups (the elderly, disabled people, their retirement income or monthly

income of the majority is only 1000-1500 yuan), is already a large expense, if

the ticket price increase after the completion of the project, that would reduce

their quality of life.

Second, operational management aspects issues

Operational management aspects issues are firstly reflected on some still

remaining function limitations of new public transport such as bus and bus stop,

which are like the limitations in nowadays bus operation system that make the

urban residents refuse to take the bus. Based on the residents' questionnaire

survey along the bus priority corridor in Harbin City, 17.3% of people think the

main reason that prompte residents to change to bus is "bus clean,

well-maintained", 14.9% of people considered "bus station can provide more

intelligent information", 14.0% of people considered to be "add new bus lines

in home and travel destination", 12.8% of people considered to be" a warm site

facility ", 12.4% of people considered to be" public transportation safer "(see

Table 6-2). 28.4% of people think the main reason that do not take bus is

"working hours too crowded", 21.5% of people considered" bus did not run

"(see Table 6-3). After the operation of the project, if the various factors that

promoting public to change to take bus cannot function, or the factors that

promoting public not to change to take bus cannot improve, then the effect of

the project itself without regulations, will become social risk in first operation

period that Harbin City Smart Transport System project faced.

Table 6-2 The Reasons Prompting Change to Take Bus

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Cumulative

selection (times) Percentage (%)

Bus station can provide more

intelligent information 164 14.9%

More clean, well-maintained

buses 190 17.3%

Bus faster

(If the bus professional channel) 136 12.4%

Add new bus lines in home and

travel destination 154 14.0%

Reduced fares 120 10.9%

Transfer to other modes of

transportation more efficient 79 7.2%

Warm site facilities 141 12.8%

Public transport safer 53 4.8%

There are old, weak, sick and

disabled dedicated bus seat 27 2.5%

Bus transfer deals 37 3.4%

Total 1101 100.0%

Table 6-3 The Reasons Prompting Not to Take Bus


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Cumulative

selection (times) Percentage (%)

Parking easier 64 6.1%

Subway station opened 132 12.5%

The bus is not on time 226 21.5%

Bus is too crowed in work

time 299 28.4%

Easier and safer to cross the

road 48 4.6%

Cheaper fuel costs 30 2.9%

Have the ability to buy a car 112 10.6%

Public bus station Rent a

bike 26 2.5%

Have the ability to buy

electric vehicles 26 2.5%

There are not old, weak, sick

and disabled dedicated bus

seat

36 3.4%

Other 35 3.3%

Not changed 18 1.7%

Total 1052 100.0%

In addition, for the operation of the smart public transportation system, as


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traffic management and safety construction project, road maintenance and

emergency response project, and agency capacity building project, these three

subprojects mainly rely on the procurement of information and electronic

equipment to operate, the possible social risks during the project operation will

focus on noise pollution and radiation pollution, which are caused by

equipment operation. In addition, the management and use risks caused by

the equipment’s poor quality, high difficulty of maintenance and network virus

attacks in project operational phase is also inevitable. Besides, in the

application process of these devices, the risk of the city public traffic

participants approve and accept these intelligent transportation equipment

also need to be test through practice after operation of the project.

For bus priority public transport corridors and public transport

infrastructure these two subprojects, after completion of the project, because

the procurement of the bus capacity increases, and more for the low-carbon

environmental protection, reduce a lot of harm to the surrounding social

environment especially to the surrounding noise, air and other ecological

factors compared before completion of the project. However, during the project

operation, increasing number of vehicles and other factors brought by the

improvement of bus lines will lead the increase of motor vehicle exhaust

emissions, vehicle leakage oil and other harmful substances scattered on the

road year by year, once these pollutants with rainfall runoff into water bodies,

the water quality will have an impact; On the other hand, even if the new

purchase bus can use natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas of low pollution

fuel, but as a means of transport is still inevitably produce carbon monoxide,

nitrogen dioxide, car exhaust smoke, hydrocarbons, etc.

6.2. Mitigating Measures

6.2.1 Measures for Risk Mitigating at Early Stage of Project

(a) Risk Mitigating of Land Acquisition, House Demolition and


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Resettlement

Any construction of the project are required to use some of the land, land

occupation, buildings, structures compensation and relocation cannot be

completely separated from project construction. For risk of land acquisition and

house demolition, it is usually required by optimizing the project design to

reduce the impact of land acquisition, house demolition and resettlement, to

develop a detailed plan of land acquisition, house demolition and resettlement

or prepare policy framework for potential resettlement risk constraints, in order

to mitigate risk.

In the project planning, design stage, land departments should be

involved as early as possible to make sure land ownership, prepare the

relevant plans in advance, and timely adjust the master plan of land use, and

strive to make project land reasonable, legalization. Match with Harbin‘s

master development plan, try to save the city construction land, in residential

areas, schools, hospitals, shopping malls, stations and other sensitive areas

should be the reasonable location, to reduce the number of house demolition.

While the need for relocation of ground attachments, including the house,

should be a really good job relocation compensation work, strictly in

accordance with national, Heilongjiang Province's and Harbin City's relevant

policies and compensation standards, timely payment of all compensation

costs. Maintain the public participation rights and legitimate interests;

guarantee the standard of living and production status of theirs.

(b) Avoid Social Risk and Policy Risk Caused by Dismantling the Building or

Illegal Demolition

PMO should try to organize, coordinate Land and Resource Bureau,

Department of Transportation, Traffic Management Bureau, project design

units as soon as possible, to jointly survey the scene, early identification of

project scope, started investigation in a timely manner, to ascertain the exact

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amount of influence. At the same time, familiar with World Bank's policies as

soon as possible, ready ahead of compensation funds according to the

requirement of World Bank social protection policies.

(c) Dissolve the Risk of Inadequate Information Disclosure and Public

Participation

Through a variety of media in various forms introduce and promote the

project to the public, public participation in this project, encourage different

community stakeholders to participate in the project effectively and actively,

optimize project design and management.

(d) Resolving Organizational Risk

Clarify institutional responsibilities and responsibilities with the project of

each agency, coordinated by the leadership team, project management

meetings should be held regularly and they should communicate and solve the

problems the projects encounter.

(e) Resolving the Management Agencies and Executive Agencies’

Inexperience to World Bank Project

Enhance training and study for project management and executing

agency, introducing World Bank policies comprehensive and detailed,

promoting the project can benefit more people, achieving scientific

management, promoting inclusive development in project area.

6.2.2 Risk Aversion Measures During Construction

After the red line graph and the construction scheme of each subproject of

Harbin clod weather smart transport system project has been determined, and

then the construction phase begins. According to each subproject’s project

content, features, process, scale and personnel's quality and ability of project

implementation, the risk aversion measures during construction can be divided

into ecological environment risk avoidance measures and compensation for


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temporary land to avoid risk. The bus priority public transport corridors and

public transport infrastructure projects, as the basic support projects loaned by

World Bank, are the main targets of risk aversion in the construction phase.

First, Ecological Environment Risk Avoidance Measures

(a) Avoidance Measures of Noise Pollution

After the construction phase of supporting infrastructure, including the

construction of canalized inter section, hub station and first and last stop along

the integrated urban transport corridors and public transport corridor, the

approach of various types of construction equipment and personnel are often

the first to bring noise pollution. According to the universal experience of

municipal construction projects in the construction phase, generally taking

Changed construction methods to alleviate the problem that noise sometimes

up to 85dB (such as piling operations) at the construction site, such as the job

which have powerful noise source can be placed on the daytime (06:00 ~

22:00) or making appropriate adjustments of various construction machinery

operation time. To reduce the sound source of transport of materials

percussion, people’s shouting and other construction activities during

construction, contractors need to construct civilly and strengthen the effective

management measures to mitigate the problem. For the construction site

within 150 meters away from the residential areas, construction machineries

have large noise at night (22:00 to 06:00) should stop. Work sites which must

be continuous constructed, the construction unit should promptly get in touch

with the local environmental protection department depending on the specific

circumstances, apply for night construction permit and announced to utmost

strive for people's understanding, cooperation and support. Sampling and

monitoring the sensitive points close to the construction site, such as Huaxing

primary and Corning homes near the railway street, take noise canceling

measures such as mobile type or build temporary noise barriers depending on

the monitoring results. Finally emphasized that construction unit should


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instruct construction unit to post notice at the construction site and public

complaints telephone of the project period. After receiving the report, the

construction unit should promptly get in touch with the local environmental

protection department to timely process a variety of environmental disputes.

(b) Avoidance Measures of Water Pollution

Construction materials of harbin cold weather smart transportation system

projects used in building the transport, stacking process will cause dust, have

a definite impact on nearby water bodies. In addition, if the storage of asphalt,

oil and chemicals is improper care, it will be washed into the water easily, and

pollute the water environment. In this regard, it is recommended engineering

contracting contract shall express the terms for the transport process of road

building materials (such as asphalt, oilseeds, chemicals, etc.) to prevent the

sprinkle leak, and other problem. Also, various materials disposal site shall not

be located in the vicinity of rivers or irrigation canals to avoid them flowing into

the water bodies with the rain and causing surface water pollution. In addition,

concrete mixing station and precast field need to be set during construction in

the project. In which, the process of aggregate cleaning and concrete curing

will produce a certain wastewater, suspended solids are principal pollutants by

cleaning aggregate, concrete curing water is in high pH, the part of the waste

water shall be recycled to the grit chamber to recycle supernatant water after

precipitation, after mud and debris and other are settled down they will backfill

embankment. Again, while along the bus corridor, particularly within 100 m of

the shore of the river, there cannot be stacked or dumping of any materials

containing hazardous substances or wastes, close the river, forbidding earth

borrowing and temporary spoil, disposal site of construction materials such as

asphalt, oil, chemicals and other harmful substances should be located barrier

measures and Gabon cloth covered to reduce pollution caused by rain wash,

prohibit spilling water, construction waste shall not be discharged directly into

the river. Finally, the project construction departments should make sure soil


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and water along the highway are conserved to reduce soil erosion, making

reasonable arrangements for construction period to avoid and reduce roadbed

excavation in the rainy season, and trying to achieve dig and fill balance,

reduce the amount of earthwork stacking, constructing in strict accordance

with the design of water conservation measures.

(c) Avoidance Measures of Atmospheric Pollution

Compared to mining and other projects, the air pollution of public

transportation projects is much lower; the atmospheric pollution of smart

transportation projects of Harbin mainly adjusts pollution (PM2.5, etc.).

Therefore, hardening measures or watering for the construction and

transportation road surface is required to be adopted during materials

transport, road excavation and material processing in outdoor project; they

should strengthen watering or increase watering times in arid windy weather.

Strengthen management for stacking easy lost materials is needed, setting

wind-break walls around it, and arranging stacking position reasonably, If

necessary, blending additives or spray lubricant on stacking surface to

stabilize the material to minimize the amount of dust of all types equipment.

(d) Avoidance Measures of Solid Waste Pollution

Bus priority public transport corridors and public transport infrastructure

projects, mostly are engineering and construction facilities, the solid waste

generated during construction mainly includes construction debris and

construction workers’ garbage. For the use of these pollutants, on the one

hand the construction garbage of these projects can be partially used for site

leveling of construction camp and temporary area, and the rest of the

construction waste and construction personnel garbage will need to be

collected and sent to the nearest municipal solid waste landfill.

(e) Precautionary Measures for Impacts on Vegetation

The risk avoidance of HCWSPTSP regarding ecological environment


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mainly focus on the protection of urban various green vegetation.. Before the

construction of the project, the construction unit should develop a reasonable

construction schedule, try to avoid the rainy season, and prepare slope

protection and drainage facilities well before the rainy season. Also,

construction area should be pre-planned, and construction operations should

be strict controlled within a specified area to avoid disturbing more land and

destroying more vegetation. During the construction phase, the construction

unit shall purchase in legal stockyard, and the procurement contract signed

with stockyard shall explicitly assume the responsibility for soil erosion.

Second, Compensation for Temporary Land

According to China's Land Management Law, the temporary land user

shall use the land as the contract, not build permanent structures. After the

temporary use of land expired, the temporary land units and individuals is

responsible for the restoration of the original land use situation; if there are any

unrecoverable losses, they shall bear the corresponding economic

compensation responsibilities. Temporary use of land shall generally not

exceed two years. During the construction of Harbin cold weather smart

transportation system project, in order to ensure construction quality and

reduce environmental pollution, the settings of concrete mixing plant, precast

yard, hazardous materials dumps and wind wall for easy loss materials, is

bound to occupy or affect residents within a certain range of production and

commonly used living spaces. After the project construction period is

determined, the construction unit should speed up the construction progress,

and make temporary land compensation standards for the identification and

issuance work.


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6.2.3 Risk Aversion Measures During the Operation

6.2.3.1. Issue of Fares

In the pre-project coordination meeting, the Development and Reform

Commission of Harbin has committed to not raising their prices after the

completion of the project. Accordingly, there are no social risk results from

fares increase

6.2.3.2. Operational Management Issues

As the giant city in the northern cold area, Harbin’s bus operation

management has the distinctive geographical and northern Frigid Zone

features. First, bus travel area is concentrating; public transport corridor effect

is obvious. Before the project construction, the public transportation corridors

that involved in the project have become the Harbin traffic "bottleneck". And

the city main road - public transport corridor where these “bottleneck” sections

are, concentrates the larger proportion of bus trips. Besides, these sections

have much more traffic, more road congestions and lack infrastructure to

ensure bus priority, so the overall level of bus operation is low. Second, as

winter is long and cold, "Three difficulties" exists in starting car, driving car and

waiting car. The winter of Harbin is about 6 months, average temperature

20.3 ℃ , which has more than 210 days under -10 ℃ . In such a low

temperature, outdoor parking lot vehicle cannot be started in the morning, only

through a midnight launch or torch baking methods to start vehicles; because

the temperature is very low, it is hard for the passengers to wait in the outdoor

for a long time. Under normal circumstances, the passengers will feel whole

body cold if the waiting time is more than eight minutes; 15 minutes you can

feel beneath the icy; more than 30 minutes, people tend to choose other

modes of transport. The people who can only take bus due to various reasons

will complain.


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Therefore, for the social risk aversion caused by operating Harbin cold

weather smart transportation system projects, first demonstrated that various

types of facilities for smart transportation in the new alpine city improve

deficiencies and flaws in current bus operators, strengthen existing bus service

to which given a higher rating by residents, really improve human project

management and the quality of public transport services, facilitate the city's

public travel needs of various groups as far as possible. Meanwhile, in view of

the new procurement traffic safety and management equipment, road

maintenance and maintenance equipment has a relatively high technological

content, therefore, be sure to establish a complete set of equipment and

vehicle operation, management, repair and maintenance system, and to

establish the appropriate mechanisms response to the special alpine climate

to ensure that these support facilities are benign operation in later period.

During the HCWSPTSP operation, social risk aversion measures,

especially display in ecological environment risk aversion such as noise,

exhaust gas, wastewater and solid wastes; the risk of reservations and

reduction associated with traffic operation, such as transport chaos and traffic

accident crime; In addition, the human body radiation and others brought by

the intelligent information technology equipment also need to be prevented

and evade.

Among the five sub-projects covered by this project, bus priority public

transport corridors and public transport infrastructure projects are the

subprojects mainly operating outside after the completion of the project.

According to the construction content of the two subprojects, in the

construction （ BC-1 ） of bus priority corridors, to implement "local

non-separation", dedicated lanes shall be designed for the slow system, and

focus on the roadside greening and slow environmental optimization. This not

only helps reduce bodily harm to pedestrians caused by vehicle exhaust,

irregular whistle, etc., but also facilitate urban sanitation sector to set up a


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targeted set of noise isolation facilities, automobile exhaust purification device

and garbage bins in the motor vehicle lanes and slow track.

According to the main components and sources of pollutants, the air

pollution risk aversion, during the operation after completion of the project, on

the one hand to strengthen road management and road maintenance, keep

the roads good operating condition, reduce vehicle exhaust emissions; on the

other hand, strictly implement national emissions standards to strengthen law

enforcement efforts of vehicle administration to reduce exhaust emissions.

Transport vehicles easy to produce dust also need to cover tarp to prevent

contamination flying spilled during the transportation.

Finally, risk aversion measures of solid waste during the operation mainly

relying on the existing road transport sector, the urban management

department and sanitation department of Harbin City, solid waste generated by

maintenance personnel and travelers is primarily domestic waste, these

wastes can conveniently sent to municipal waste landfill sites.

7. The Sustainability Analysis of the Project

The sustainability analysis of the project is concerned about the overall

analysis of the project’s lifecycle. The content is as follow: Whether the effects

of the project can continue to play, what conditions this project need, whether

the beneficiaries of the project are able to continue to bear the cost of the

project and whether there are potential beneficiaries to prevent the

construction and operation of the project.

7.1. The Sustainability Analysis of the Social Benefit

Social effect is the value of the project. From the perspective of the social

benefit of project, HCWSPTSP is an urban transportation infrastructure

projects. As one of the people's livelihood engineering, its social benefits are

obvious. In the project preparation phase, the social assessment team has


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respectively carries on the discussion and interview with the elderly group

organized by Harbin city Aging Committee, women group arranged by Harbin

city Women's Federation, disabled group settled by Harbin city Disabled

Federation, urban low-income groups coordinated by Harbin city Civil Affairs

Bureau, and leaders of middle school and primary school grouped by Harbin

city Education Bureau. These social groups generally have an optimistic and

supportive attitude to the project’s operation prospect; they also actively put

forward the optimized proposals for the potential social risks of the project.

The social benefit of the project should be based on the existence of the

project. The social benefit of the project plays a necessary condition for the

sustainable social effects: the beneficiaries have an incentive to ensure the

operation of the project and the losers of the project will not block the

implementation of the project. From the point of project construction content,

the sustainability analyses of the social benefit are as follow Table 7-1:

Table 7-1 The Sustainability Analysis of the Social Benefit

Categories Beneficiaries Losers

Bus priority public

transport corridor

project

Direct beneficiaries are all

kinds of people along the

corridor. As long as the project

can improve the transportation

infrastructure along the road,

beneficiaries will actively

support project operation.

Losers are mainly the

households influenced

by temporary area.

Since these effects are

in a short period of time,

disappearing after the

project, on the basis of

full coordination, these

losers will don't hinder

the smooth

implementation of the

project.

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Public transport

infrastructure

project

Beneficiaries are all kinds of

people in the region where

infrastructure is. As long as the

project quality can be

guaranteed, beneficiaries will

actively support project

operation.


households influenced

by temporary area.

Because the

construction scope of

the sub-project is

narrow, the disturbance

degree is low to the

surrounding residents,

and the social benefits;

these losers will don't

hinder the smooth

implementation of the

project.

Traffic

management and

safety

construction

projects

The city traffic management

departments and their staffs,

and urban traffic participants

will benefit. The improvement

of the traffic will make them

actively support project

operation.


traffic management

equipment operators

and the groups who find

it is difficult to accept

new transport facilities.

Necessary protective

equipment and the

conduct propaganda of

knowledge of traffic are

the main ways to reduce

the damage.

Road

maintenance and

emergency

The residents along the roads

of the city will be will directly

benefit. The quality of the


road maintenance and

emergency personnel


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response project project implementation directly

decides the degree of support

of the travel groups for the

project operation

who are affected by the

potential occupational

disease. Necessary

protective equipment is

the main way to reduce

the damage.

Institutional

capacity building

projects

Direct beneficiaries are mainly

the operational management

institutions and the trainees of

each subproject. On-site

interview shows that they are

very supportive of the initiation

of the project.

No losers

Specific to the social benefits of the harbin cold weather smart transport

system project in the foreseeable period, the implementation of the project will

make the road network structure of transportation system more perfect and let

the bus travel more convenient and comfortable. On the other hand, it is

beneficial to increase urban residents’ travel range, reduce time costs of

travelling, improve traffic safety, and reduce the loss of life and property due to

traffic accident. To achieve “pedestrian + bike + public transport,” the main

urban green is transported by vigorously developing public transportation. In

this kind of mode of transport, the energy consumption of walking and

travelling by bike is zero. However, when we take a bus, per person per

kilometer energy consumption is much lower than that of cars. If the bus

energy consumption is 1, than the car's energy consumption is 8.1. The energy

consumption of subway, light railway and other means of transport see Table

7-2.

Table 7-2 All Kinds of Transportation Energy Consumption

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Transport

categories

Energy

consumption per

kilometer per

person

Transport

categories

Energy

consumption per

kilometer per

person

Car 8.1 Subway 0.5

Motorcycle 5.6 Light railway 0.45

Bus (cycling) 1 Tram 0.4

Bus (exclusive

way)

0.8 Bicycle 0

Generally speaking, the project implementation will promote the tourist

industry, trade, market, living, traffic, atmospheric environment and other

aspects into a new step. These have an important reference and

demonstration effect for the development and construction of other cities of

Heilongjiang province.

7.2. The Sustainability Analysis of the finance

The HCWSPTSP contains five subprojects: bus priority public transport

corridor project, public transportation infrastructure project, traffic management

and safety construction project, road maintenance and emergency response

project, and institutional capacity building project. The total investment of the

project is 1.45 billion and it intends to apply for the World Bank loan of $100

million (about 650 million yuan). The rest of the money is from local

government and the domestic counterpart fund comes from the local

self-financing, including financial investment, subsidy funds, the urban

supporting fees, and land transfer fund. Capital budget of each subproject see

the Table 7-3:

Table 7-3 Capital Budget of Each Subproject

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Content

project

Sequence

number

Project name Budget (ten

thousand

yuan)

Subtotal (ten

thousand

yuan)

Bus priority

public

transport

corridor project

BC-1 Bus priority

corridors

construction of

25.23 km

37,845 47,065

BC-2 Intelligent

public transport

corridor

construction

9,220

Public

transportation

infrastructure

project,

BI-1 Public

transport

infrastructure

44,662 73,486

BI-2 Bus

procurement

10,000

BI-3 Public

transport

intelligent

construction

18,824

Traffic

management

and safety

construction

project

BRS-1 Bus priority and

road safety

signal control

system

1,876 8,936

BRS-2 Bus priority,

road safety

monitoring and

3,119


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law

enforcement

system

BRS-3 Bus priority and

road safety

scheduling

command

center system

3,941

Road

maintenance

and

emergency

response

project,

BRM-1 Bus priority

road and

geographic

information

management

system

1,800 10,349

BRM-2 Bus priority

road

maintenance

equipment

purchase

3,840

BRM-3 Traffic safety

special

purchases of

motor vehicles

4,709

Institutional

capacity

building project

CB-1 Urban traffic

construction

project

financing and

100


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improving

public transport

strategy

research

CB-2 Alpine city

integrated

emergency

management

strategy

research

100

CB-3 Transportation

and safety

management

personnel

training

1,394

CB-4 Institutional

capacity to

strengthen

2,440

CB-5 Domestic and

international

research and

training

1,130

Total Selected fund

projects

145,000

In functional classification of project investment, the fund loaned by World

Bank is mainly used for project construction, equipment procurement and

technical assistance associated with the HCWSPTSP. Local government


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matching funds are mainly used for the related land cost, survey design and

supervision and other service cost, institutional capacity building and staff

training cost and project reserve funds, etc.

7.3. The Sustainability Analysis of the Technologies and Organizations

Through learning and reference the construction and operation of the

similar projects of the domestic developed cities, combining their own

municipal engineering construction experience, the technical sustainability of

the HCWSPTSP can be guaranteed.

The managerial personnel of all institutions are the direct responsible

persons in ensuring the smooth implementation of the project, therefore it is

necessary to carry out the management personnel training, let them be familiar

with the project, and skillfully guidance and implement project, and to a certain

extent, strengthen institutional capacity building. The Management and

operation of each subproject of HCWSPTSP is the relatively independent

departments’ responsibility, the Development and Reform Commission and

Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau., are responsible for coordinating.

Specifically, as a project legal person unit, the Harbin Harbin Municipal

Transportion Bureau is mainly responsible for putting forward suggestions on

organization setup and responsibility division. It also should cooperate to

prepare the project feasibility study report, organize and coordinate docking

with the World Bank, complete learning investigation, cooperate with the World

Bank experts’ appraisal work, complete the project environmental impact

assessment report, project's environmental management plan report, land

requisition, migration and relocation report, public participation report, and

energy conservation assessment report and approval, cooperate with Finance

Bureau to handle the project capital and domestic capital source documents,

complete financial payment and management manual and other examination

and approval work, etc. As the main project implementation unit, Harbin


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Transportation Bureau has done the following: Set up the mechanism in

internal by reference to the PMO; According to the subprojects working content,

set specialized personnel for putting forward the function and design

requirements, required equipment specifications and standards, and providing

subprojects procurement plan and implementation plan; Participate in

subprojects involving the relevant departments of the coordination; Take

charge of the demolition work, demolition disputes and petition work in the

process of project implementation; Deal with planning, land, fire-fighting, safety,

quality supervision, construction permits and other formalities of the

subprojects; Be responsible for quality control, progress control, and safety

control of the subprojects by regularly reporting the work progress; Participate

in the bidding and procurement work; Complete the project budget and

engineering progress payment arrange declare work; Monitor the subprojects’

supervision; Assist PMO in financial management and complete accounting

information in order to achieve the World Bank loan. The rest of the project

units, according to their respective functions, cooperate to complete related

work. Generally speaking, Harbin has ensured the institutional capacity for the

World Bank project's smooth construction.

In order to do well the follow-up management and operation work of the

city traffic after the completion of the project work, in terms of the

establishment of the content of the project, Harbin World Bank-financed

project leading group has also established the following capacity building

initiatives for project managers and project leadership to ensure project

supervision and department coordination orderly. Details are as follow: Urban

traffic construction project financing and improving public transport strategy

research （CB-1）, alpine city integrated emergency management strategy

research （CB-2）, transportation and safety management personnel training

（CB-3） , institutional capacity to strengthen （CB-4） , domestic and

international research and training （CB-5）. The cost is about 51.64 million

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yuan. Therefore, generally speaking, the project organization sustainability is

also fully guaranteed.

7.4. The Sustainability Analysis of the Economy

Beneficiaries' ability to pay and willingness to pay are two important

factors for the sustainability of the project. Although the residents' willingness

to pay is changing according to the quality of the service, but the economic

ability of a region is also an important factor, which can measure the

affordability of the residents.

According to the statistical results, 88.4% of citizens think the fares are

reasonable, 9.0% of citizens think the fares are too high, especially when the

air-conditioned fare is 2 yuan.

At the same time, from 2010 to 2012, the Harbin city issuances of bus fuel

subsidies are as the following: In 2010, bus fuel subsidies are 136,956,317

yuan. In 2011, that is 482,335,386 yuan. In 2012, that will increase to

590,477,778 yuan. After the intelligent transportation system construction

project is completed and be put into operation, fuel subsidies and other kinds

of subsidies and tax breaks for the "bus first" will further increase or be tried.

So from the aspects of government financial support and policy guarantee, this

project also has certain feasibility in economic sustainability. Finally, according

to Harbin bus support policy for the elderly, the disabled veterans and other

vulnerable groups, from 2010 to 2012, Harbin city should grant 87313 free bus

cards to the elderly over the age of 70, which will effectively protect the riding

interests of urban elderly vulnerable groups. From this perspective, the

project’s economic sustainability is also guaranteed.


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8. Planning and Implementation of Social Management

8.1. Social Management Plan of the Project

The design should minimize the scale of the land acquisition that the

project involved in, environmental pollution problems caused by construction

and traffic safety issues; reduce the negative impact of the project through

public participation and listening to public opinion, so it is necessary to

formulate a social management plan for the project.

8.1.1 Develop Resettlement policy framework

This project does not need to acquisition collective land. The land where

terminals and hub stations to be used are all of state owned property. Project

unit has optimized and reduced the unnecessary land acquisition and

resettlement in the previous work as much as possible. But there still have

some potential some sporadic demolitions or displacement of trees, poles ect.

According to World Bank policy; this project should prepare a project

resettlement policy framework to cover these potential resettlement issue.

8.1.2 Social Impact Mitigation Plan of the Project during Construction

8.1.2.1. Traffic Congestion Caused by Construction of Bus Station and Other Projects

a) Segmented construction, to avoid spread across the board, which may

result in a large area of blockage;

b) Blocked construction should set aside the opening in a certain distance,

especially in heavy traffic junctions; the opening should be larger;

c) The barrier of construction team should try to occupy as little space,

and reserve a certain space for transportation;

d) Once a section of the construction is completed, the site should be

cleaned up immediately, the barrier and restore traffic should be removed;


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e) Strengthen information dissemination, release Traffic Guide timely.

8.1.2.2. Inconvenience of Enterprises and Shops’ Production and Operations Caused by the

Barrier of Construction

a) Reasonably arrange each road construction, try to control the

construction period;

b) Under the premise of ensuring safety, do not use barriers if possible,

once construction is completed, remove the barriers immediately;

c) In the traffic junctions where there is enterprise outlet for the cargo,

reserve appropriate space vehicle to facilitate business travel;

d) Allows companies indicate information of businesses and shops on the

wall of barriers.

8.1.2.3. Construction of Water, Electricity, Gas, Pipeline Sabotage Network

a) Construction team shall master arrangement of various pipelines before

construction to avoid blind construction;

b) Construction team shall enhance the safety of staff education,

overcoming brutal construction behavior;

c) For unavoidable circumstances for pipeline relocation and resettlement,

issued early advance notice to admit the public take all the preparatory.

d) Construction team shall arrange special personnel responsible for

liaison with the host community committees, release information, listen to

community residents’ report, run immediate crisis management once there is

signs of the pipeline damage, and avoid magnification of crisis.

8.1.2.4. Noise Pollution on Surrounding Environment Generated by the Construction

a) Blocks construction section as possible, repair retaining wall around


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timely after damage;

b) Strengthen the management of construction site, place construction

materials neatly, clean up garbage promptly;

c) Cover the bare dirt or timely liquidation;

d) During the construction process, try to take processes and technologies,

which can control the generation of high-decibel noise;

e) Prohibiting noisy construction work (before 8:00 A.M. and after 9:00

P.M.);

f) Constructing temporary noise walls and taking other measures to

mitigate the impact on the surrounding residents

g) Adequate compensation of surrounding residents who are suffering

serious noise disturbance;

h) Monitoring harmful gases generated in the construction and operation,

strictly use environmentally friendly building materials and construction

techniques.

8.1.2.5. The Destruction of Transportation Security Risks Caused by Construction Facilities

a) Retaining wall should be solid and reliable, timely repair once

damaged;

b) If the construction hinders the roadway or danger to sidewalk, should

arrange specialized personnel on-site command and management;

c) Timely establish warning signs in the event of road damage or other

hidden dangers places.

8.1.3 Social Impact Mitigation Plan during Operation of the Project

a) The safety of residents nearby the bus terminals may have been

affected by the operation of buses shall pay attention to the distance between


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bus lane and sidewalk.

b) The rest of residents nearby the bus terminals may have been affected

by the noise of the operation of buses, shall pay attention to the morning

departure time and night time admission.

c) Security issues of bus passengers getting off the platform, especially

the security issues during the operation in the winter.

d) Bus station and walkways should be non-slip surface designed.

8.1.4 Developing Traffic Safety Management Plan

a) During the whole process of the project, increase education efforts for

improving public awareness of road safety

b) During construction, the city traffic police team shall strengthen

cooperation with public transport Limited, to detect the impact of traffic safety

and congestion that may happen due to the project.

c) Set clear signs traffic alerts and tips in construction process, carry out

traffic control for large-scale construction.

d) Increase penalties of urban public traffic violation

8.1.5 Vulnerable Groups (Old and Sick Pregnant, etc.) Care Plans

8.1.5.1. Vulnerable Groups Fare Reduction Plan

After completion of the project, fare will affect some disadvantaged

groups’ travel and increase their travel costs. Although the level of the increase

is not too large, the majority of urban residents can afford, it will bring some of

the burden to vulnerable groups in the project area. To alleviate the burden of

their lives, enabling them to enjoy the project's social benefits fairly, relevant

government departments shall support policies and formulate preferential

scheme as soon as possible according to the actual situation of vulnerable


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groups.

8.1.5.2. Facility Care for Vulnerable Groups

a) All Bus stops should have access facilities for the elderly, children and

disabled access;

b) Establishment seats for old and sick pregnant in public transportation

vehicle;

c) During the driving process of buses, regular prompt passengers to give

seat old and sick pregnant;

d) To meet the special needs of passengers, handrails inside should be

set with high and low;

e) Design the stations and bus, consider the up and down convenience of

elderly, infants, people with disabilities carts;

f) In the process of bus motion, strengthen the voice prompts, not only to

report about the name of reaching station, but also the direction of travel

destinations, transfer information, etc., also should timely remind the

convenience of passengers, especially a timely reminder for vulnerable groups

to get off and transfer.

8.1.6 Stakeholder participation plan

8.1.6.1. Principles and Framework for Participation

World Bank in its participation manual defines participation as “this is a

process, project stakeholders through its influence, joint control involves the

development of their involvement, the development of decision-making and

related resources.” This definition avoids the major stakeholders in the

development process who are simply treated as passive recipients of aid,

interview subjects or labor, and to clear that the implemented projects of World


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Bank should be a process that stimulating major interest groups, influencing

and controlling the development of actions. The implementation of this process

requires the entire country's economy and its relevant departments to consider

a wider range of stakeholders; ensure that all stakeholder groups and their

relationships can be identified, and in all phases of the project to be considered,

let the poor be more accessible to resources, especially financial resources;

and strengthen key stakeholders and their organizations’ ability to manage.

Table 8-1 summarizes the main principles and framework for involved

stakeholders.

Table 8-1 framework and principles of community participating in the project

No. Steps

The role of key stakeholder groups

The role of government

The role of expert Effects

1

Analysis of the problem and establishment of theme

Analysis of the family, society, resources and other issues, the causes of problems

Administrative, political and financial support

Help key stakeholder groups analyze problems and guide them to find out the cause of the problem

Can accurately find the real problem

2

Content and framework of the project

Put forward their own needs, compared the relationship between the cause of problems and their own needs, in order to

Study on whether government can support proposal put forward by major stakeholders

Based on the analysis of the problem proposed to the government and key stakeholders the views on

The content of project is linked to the actual needs of key stakeholder groups


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No. Steps




establish a framework to solve the problem

the technical feasibility of

3 Project Plan

According to family labor, gender division of labor, and other socio-economic characteristics of the season, establish project activity intends and determine the responsible persons

Examination of the relationship between key stakeholder groups and government funding programs

Together with key stakeholders to develop plans, early warning plan

Program activities should be consistent with the main production season stakeholder groups, labor allocation and capital position

4 Implementation of the project

Establishing implementing organizational system to elect the person in charge of the activities and implementation of project activities

Providing conditions for implementation

Technical Support

Beneficiary groups responsible for their own


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No. Steps




5 Monitoring and evaluation

Project implementation monitoring their activities and organizing regular assessment of progress

Involved in monitoring and evaluation

Analysis of monitoring and evaluation results and report to the government and major stakeholder groups

Beneficiary groups keeps abreast of the progress of their activities

6 Final project evaluation

Evaluate their own input and the ultimate effectiveness of external support

Involved in the assessment process, review the effectiveness of government investment

Involved in assessing the effectiveness of the review of technical inputs

Evaluate by the beneficiary whether they are benefited

Role Decision performer Guarantor Supporter Roles

Unified

8.1.6.2. Necessity of Participation

During the period of the project design, implementation and monitoring of

management, in order to ensure various types of project beneficiaries timely

get project-related information, and have equal opportunity put forward their

own proposals and comments for the corresponding questions, but also to

facilitate the project implementation units and supervise management

agencies to grasp the dynamic implementation of the project and to make a

scientific decision-making based on the actual situation. Therefore need to:

a. Keep the openness of project information; the project needs to carry out


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propaganda work throughout the project cycle. Establish regular project

information disclosure system, on a regular basis post the information which

closely related to major stakeholder groups and the information they are

particularly concerned about project in the public spaces of affected

communities. In addition, it can also inform key stakeholders the preparation

and implementation status of the project through group meetings, congress,

posters, television, radio and other means.

b. Help primary stakeholders build the project consciousness. Training

can be carried into the following categories: a) carry out participatory training

for primary stakeholders of the project and guide them to take the initiative to

carry out thinking about the social and public transport development; b) carry

out the relevant knowledge training, and guide primary stakeholders think

about the impact of public transport to itself, to support public transportation

construction; c) carry out technical training of the project, eliminating primary

stakeholders’ concerns about the project.

c. Encourage key stakeholder groups to participate in project construction,

give priority to hire them for the project paid labor and allow them to provide

logistical services for project construction.

d. Concern about the role of community leaders and the strength of

community in the project implementation process. Project needs the

involvement of community leaders in advocacy, training, mobilization,

reflecting the needs of the public and found problems in project implementation,

coordination conflicts, follow-up management and other aspects.

8.1.6.3. Participation Goals

Around the public participation activities launched in project of City Public

Transport in Harbin, goals that expected to achieve are:

a. During the stages of preparation and design in the project, in flexible


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and diverse ways, publish information about projects to various stakeholders

groups involved in the project, to solicit Harbin public of different sexes,

different ages, different classes, different travel modes advice and suggestions

on alignments, site settings, bus terminals design, traffic organization,

construction management, compensation and rehabilitation of affected

residents and enterprises.

b. Analyse and summarize the collected relevant information, provided to

the project owner and design department and other relevant departments to

optimize project design and project implementation and management, and

open to the public the various optimization measures through continuous

public participation and information communication to achieve optimization of

project preparation and design.

c. In the construction process of the project, through participatory public

participation, dynamic collecting various stakeholder groups’ complaining,

comments and suggestions, identify potential problems during the

implementation stage, to seek a reasonable solution to the problem, ensure

the smooth implementation of the project construction to achieve the

maximization of the project’s social value.

8.1.6.4. Ways and Means of Participating Organizations

a. Using Various Media to Release the Information of Public Participation

Publishing information related to public transport projects and soliciting

public opinions on "Life Daily", Harbin Harbor, Harbin television, radio and

other traditional and modern media, which has larger circulation and a broader

coverage. The part of the open information as follows:

April 2, 2013, EIA was published in the official website of Harbin Transport

Bureau;

May 6, 2013, Chinanews Website, Harbin started the construction of


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smart public transportation system project, which borrowed 100 million US

dollars from World Bank;

May, 15, 2013, Transport Bureau website of Heilongjiang province, World

Bank experts group came to Harbin to conduct the inspection of preparation of

cold weather smart public transportation system project;

May, 16, 2013, Xinhua Net, World Bank experts group came to Harbin to

conduct the inspection of preparation of cold weather smart public

transportation system project;

May, 16, 2013, Harbin TV, 100 million US dollars loan support the public

transportation construction project;

May, 17, 2013, Sina Net, Harbin City promoted the construction of junction

station in the cold weather zone;

August, 6 to 8, 2013, Baidu, People Net, Fenghuang Net, Heilongjiang

News Net, Heilongjiang Daily, experts group of World Bank review

HCWSPTSP .

b. Issued Open Letters and Other Promotional Materials

Distributing promotional materials within the scope of the impact and

public transport services and convey information of bulletin content through

illustrations way. Issued leaflets mainly in the area where has high pedestrian

flow or key community and units.

c. Interviews of Focus Group

According to the preliminary design of public transportation programs in

Harbin, plans for residents and staff in the area of involving bus stations and

bus terminals, organizing focus group interviews covering the entire

community. Interviewees include general community residents, also the

enterprises and institutions are covered, and elderly, women, persons with

disabilities and other special populations shall have an appropriate proportion


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in the interview object.

d. Structured Questionnaire

For the characteristics of preparation and design phase in the project,

design the structural questionnaire, have a comprehensive understanding of

the known situation for public transport projects in project area, seek the views

and recommendations on project trends, site location, bus fares, safety

facilities and other related content.500 copies of the survey sample, selected in

three evenly along the line.

e. Seminars and Individual Interviews

According to the content of public participation activities, organize 12

various forms of seminars and individual interviews for individuals to gather

information.

8.1.6.5. Public Participation and Information Disclosure Implementation Plan

During 2013 March-April, public participation activities of Public Transport

project in Harbin launched, and used various ways and means of facilitating

adequate information disclosure to encourage public participation. Accordance

with the arrangements of "public participation in the implementation of

activities outline", activities were orderly conducted. The public participation

activities have been carried out can be found in 8.1.1 to 8.1.6.

In the following process of project preparation and implementation, the

PMO and the project masses are on an equal footing, public project

information, negotiated project with masses equally. The most important

project stakeholders are the masses of ordinary project area, and for these

ordinary people, empowerment, openness and equally dialogue with them, is

the premise to ensure their ability to learn the project information and actively

participate in the project. To ensure that the recommendations and actions of

various stakeholders can be integrated into the project, the PMO took a


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different way of informing and collecting information aim at different

stakeholders and compiled the Public Participation Plan.

8.1.7 Early involvement of relevant government departments

The stakeholder groups relative to other groups, which have the expertise

related to transportation projects and long-term management experience. This

perspective of professional departments from the government is very important

for the project. So for projects, listening to the recommendations of these

departments is often able to achieve a multiplier effect. These sectors’

involvement in the program mainly through seminars and literature collecting.

During the agency interviews, SA group staff explained overview and the

role of the project to relevant person in charge of the municipal government

departments and consulting project proposals likely to give from the

perspective of work way and their participation in the project will be one of the

key discussions.

Local government departments’ relevant responsible persons, who start

from their duties, introduce a great deal of local knowledge that is adapted to

work in the local. Task force members get the recommendations of the project

from various government departments at the project area, can integrate a good

life with the local people and maximize project benefits. These

recommendations providing a great help to social assessment work on the

project, and were integrated into the relevant sections of this report. In Harbin,

under the coordination of urban construction investment group co., LTD, the

SA team has held 12 seminars. Symposium summary see attachment 3.

8.1.8 Early Involvement of Traffic Management Bureau

The Traffic Management Bureau in Harbin is not only a government

department, but also a project component units and subproject execution unit;

the importance of the involvement of Traffic Management Bureau in the project

is that, the stakeholders’ proposals can dramatically improve benefit of the


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project for ordinary urban residents, such as traffic safety etc. In addition, the

Traffic Management Bureau's participation is divided into two parts. One,

provides some information for the preliminary design; Two, assist and organize

traffic police to carry out the questionnaire.

8.1.9 Early Participation in the Transport Sector

The Traffic Management Bureau in Harbin is not only a government

department, but also project management and implementation project unit; the

importance of the involvement of Traffic Management Bureau in the project is

that, the stakeholders’ proposals can dramatically improve benefit of the

project for ordinary urban residents, such as traffic safety etc. The Traffic

Management Bureau has provided large information for the preliminary design

and organized the investigation and interview for Transport Sector.

Participation of the transport sector includes two parts, project involvement of

bus companies and taxi companies’ management and participation in the

project of bus drivers and taxi drivers.

Management's participation in the project is suitable for the form of

individual interviews. Various functional departments of the company's

management, in charge of different aspects of the city public transport, from

different management's perspective, make the bus company presents

three-dimensional situation to the urban public transport. Such as line

operating divisions are more concerned about reasonable setting of bus lines,

public transportation efficiency and so on.

In comparison, the driver's perspective is a more bottom, to some extent

make up for the lack of management recommendations. The bus and taxi

drivers can use combined participation of questionnaires and interviews. The

depth interviews can get more detail of the project needs of this group, help SA

group members find the problem, and as fully as possible to listen to their

opinions and suggestions.


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8.1.10 Early Involvement of Ordinary Urban Residents

Urban residents are the most important one involved in the project

stakeholders. All project participants can promote urban social evaluation

methods and can be used for this group. To fully provided information and

ideas relevant to World Bank projects to urban residents, during the process of

outside industry, SA group members use the combination form of participant

observation, interviews, seminars and questionnaires.

The SA group members uses the combination form of in-depth interviews,

seminars and questionnaires, information conveyed to the part of the residents

interviewed, rapidly spread within the community, will be able to mobilize more

residents in the project area to participate into the project.

Group members carried out a field survey in the transformation sections,

through participatory observation understand the situation of projects area;

understand the needs of residents for public transport. Mainly inspected public

transportation needs along some of the facilities, such as hospitals, schools,

nursing homes and other.

Depth interviews are generally carried out in communities in the project

area. Use the idle time of community residents, explain the contents,

objectives, ideas of World Bank projects to community residents, ask

community residents the local traffic conditions and problems, ask community

residents the needs and attitudes to World Bank project, and ask reasons and

recommendations from their own point by depth interviews.

Questionnaire can be in the form of text, accurate inform respondents

content related to World Bank project, and let the respondents perceive variety

of social problems involved in the project. In the process of respondents are

being asked, trained investigators explain the overall structure of the

questionnaire and the design intent of related questions, asked respondents to,

so that respondents understand the attention of World Bank project to traffic


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management, traffic safety and traffic facilities.

Table 8-2 Comprehensive Survey Sample Size Distributions

No. Name of bus corridors Line No. Line ratio Number of samples (copies)

1 Youyi Road Channel 43 51% 253

2 Xinyang Road Channel 6 7% 35

3 Hongqi Street Channel 36 42% 212

Total 85 100% 500

8.1.10.1. Early Participation of Vulnerable Groups

Urban residents Forum is mainly designed for involvement in the project of

vulnerable groups, requires members participated in the symposium covering

the elderly, women, disadvantaged groups and the disabled. Aimed at

understanding the special needs and the views of urban traffic problems of

vulnerable groups in the project, based on asking the reason, encourage these

groups to voice their suggestions on the implementation of the project.

Because the forum is organized and held combine the local Committee on

Aging and the CDPF, the person in charge of his department were also

involved, brought into government departments and grassroots organizations

perspective.

After SA group members equal footing with the stakeholders in the project

area, the fundamentals of their public participation for the project are good,

most of the people expressed their support for the project and willing to

participate in the project. Participatory Social Assessment Project Task Force

members also collected the relevant information required for editorials.


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8.1.10.2. Complaints and Appeals

a. The Way of Collecting Dissatisfaction and Complaining

a). Collecting and understanding the problems including the masses

complain, progress and work measures, through the report of local public

transport and street construction leading group office of resettling.

b). Coordination problems found in inspecting the construction site found

by the owners construction unit.

c). Information reflected by external monitoring agency.

d). Letters and visits of affected people.

e). Reflection of owners’ construction unit agency.

b. Procedures of Appeals and Complaints

In planning the process of project’s design and implementation, the

participation of immigrants is always encouraged. However, in practice there

will be problems more or less, to resolved the problems arise promptly and

effectively and to safeguard the smooth progress of construction, in addition to

the existing levels of local government petition complaint channels, the project

established a transparent and effective grievance redress and developed

complaints and complaints procedures of the resettlement demolition for the

affected residents.

c. Principles for Handling Complaints and Grievances

Complain about the problem raised by the masses must be field research,

fully solicit the opinions of the masses, patiently repeated consultations, put

forward opinions objectively and impartially in accordance with national

regulations and the principles and of criteria resettlement action plan provides

must promptly reflect to the higher authorities about incapable of handling

complaints issues, and to help to improve the investigation.


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If the organization in the previous stage did not respond to questions on

the appeal in the date specified, the complainant the right to appeal.

The Content and Manner of Complaint Reply:

a) Reply Contents

Descriptions of complainers’ dissatisfaction

Fact-finding results

Relevant state regulations, principles and standards of resettlement action

plan

Treatment advice and the specific basis

b) The way of Answering Complaints

The way of directly sent to those who complain complaints in written

materials for individual phenomena question.

Inform residents in the village or community in the form of village (residents)

meeting or issue a document for the complaining problem reflecting by

more people.

No matter which kind of Answer mode, all information must be delivered to

the communities or units that the complainant belongs to.

Appeals and Complaints Records and Tracking Feedback

During the period that the project’s designing plan is executing, monitoring

team should do a good job of registration of information and complaint and

information processing results management in collaboration with various

departments, regular Inscribed to resettlement office in written form. Project

resettlement office will regular inspect the process of complain registration.

To have a complete record of the handling situation of related issues and

complaint of affected population, project management office developed a


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registration form of the affected population’s complaints and grievances

Table 8-3 Complaints and Appeals Registration Form of World Bank Loan

Project

Receiving unit Time Location

Name of complainant

The complaint Required solution Proposed

solutions

Actual handling situation

Complainant (Signed) Recorder

(Signed)

Note: a. Records should accurately record the claimant's allegations content and requirements;

b. There should not be any interference and obstacles in the appeals process;

c. The proposed solution should reply complainant within the stipulated time.

In addition, the complaints and complaints channels should be released to

the project-affected people, and before the implementation of resettlement,

public propaganda materials need to be sent to each affected household,

enterprises or stores.

8.2. Implementation of Social Management Plan

8.2.1 Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Building

The main responsibility of implementing social management plan is

project owners. According to the social management plan implementation

requires and combine the functions division of project-related institutions,

project owners can own or entrust relevant agencies all or partly responsible


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for implementing the project of social management plan.

A．Institutional Arrangements

Social management agencies about the project include:

1. Construction project leadership team of HCWSPTSP loaned by World

Bank

2. Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP loaned by

World Bank

3.Harbin Tranport Agency

4.The relevant government agencies in Harbin, (such as the HMDRC, the

traffic police team, the Land Bureau, Construction Bureau, etc.)

5.District government and streets along Harbin

6.Project Monitoring and Evaluation Unit

B．Institutional Responsibilities

Construction project leadership team of HCWSPTSP loaned by World

Bank: responsible for the entire project leadership and coordination of social

management.

Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP loaned by World

Bank

: implementing social management and capacity building training

accordance with the requirements of the World Bank.

The relevant government agencies in Harbin, (such as the NDRC, the

traffic police team, the Land Bureau, Construction Bureau, etc.): responsible

for project specific social management plan implementation and monitoring of

the Bank's policies and conduct training.


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Harbin Tranport Agency: responsible for concrete implementation of

social management plan and organizing training in terms of WB related policy.

District government and streets along Harbin: carry out social

management with the project, and conduct training for the relevant policies of

World Bank.

Project Monitoring and Evaluation Unit: investigation and assessment of

the social management plan implementation of the project, proposing issues

and recommendations to the Provincial Project Office and the World Bank to

submit monitoring and evaluation reports.

C．Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Building

According to the survey, institutional capacity, working conditions and

equipment configuration of the project is more complete, professional staff’s

quality level is high; they have preparation for similar project, construction and

operation of the national experience. Give the project belongs to the World

Bank loan project, the relevant personnel need to be familiarity with the mode

of operation for World Bank projects, especially in relation to social and

security requirements and adequately compare with domestic experience, so

they need further study and training for relevant business policy requirements.

Table 8-4 Training Program.

Table 8-4 Institutional social management capabilities and business training

No. The training content Training object

1 World Bank social and security policy

Construction project management office of

HCWSPTSP, each subproject office, Land

Bureau, Environmental Protection Bureau,

district government and streets

2 The related content about the project social management




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No. The training content Training object

plan Bureau, Environmental Protection Bureau,


3 Other related training



Bureau, Environmental Protection Bureau,


8.2.2 Implementation Plan

According to the social management plan of the project, the project

develops a detailed implementation plan and arrangements, see Table 8-5

Table 8-5 Social Management Implementation Plan of the Project

No. Contents Implementation time Primary responsibility institutional

1 Optimize the project design 2014 ~2016

Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP, design units, each subproject office

2

Implementation of social development plan and resettlement

2014 ~2016

Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP, each sub-project office, Land Bureau, Land Acquisition and Resettlement Office, the relevant streets and communities

3

Implementation of Environmental Management Plan

2014 ~2016

Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP, each subproject Office, the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau

4

Fee waiver program implementation associated with vulnerable groups

After completion of the project

Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Finance Bureau, the District Finance Bureau, the Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau, Municipal Committee on Ageing, City CDPF, Welfare Centre, the city bus


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No. Contents Implementation time Primary responsibility institutional

company

5

Information disclosure and public participation

The entire process

Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP, each subproject office / the news media

6

Monitoring and Evaluation of Social Management Plan

Once a year in the project implementation period

Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP, each subproject office, monitoring bodies

8.2.3 Emergency Plans

Emergency plans has been established under the “Environmental

Protection Law”, “Production Safety Law”, “national general public emergency

contingency plans” and “national contingency plans for sudden environmental

accidents” and relevant laws, and administrative regulations.

The Emergency Plan is divided into three categories:

a. Construction emergencies. Traffic congestion caused by the barrier of

construction will bring inconvenience to production and operation of business

enterprises and shops along the construction; sabotage of water, electricity,

gas, pipeline network, construction generated environment and noise pollution

on the surrounding, security risks caused by the destruction of transportation

facilities, construction is also possible to generate labor safety and other

issues. These events are likely to evolve into emergencies, should be

considered to reduce the economic losses caused by the barrier of

construction, try to develop traffic diverting programs by traffic police

departments, and in conjunction with the municipal departments to understand

all kinds of pipelines well, and construct strictly following norms. Also, public

information, informed the public in advance.

b. Emergencies caused by the uncooperative of interest groups during the


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construction period. The projects involves some land acquisition and

resettlement, some residents, shops, enterprises and institutions are affected,

some residents require relocation and become involuntary resettlement, which

not only seriously affect their working lives, destruct their social support

networks and social networks, but also some even severely affect their

children to school, medical care and work trips. For their resettlement

compensation, relocation standards often differ with resettlement requirements,

which are likely to become emergencies, uncooperative to the construction of

the project, and boycott the project. In addition, there are also local

governments delay payment of compensation payments in various ways, and

even reduce the compensation standards, which can easily lead to

unexpected events. For such an event, resettlement implementation unit

should strictly develop specific policies and implement procedures in

accordance with the “Design Report” and “Resettlement Action Plan”

requirements to prevent such incidents.

c. The operational emergency. The operation of the end of the first field

bus and hub station may affect the rest of the nearby residents, the

construction of bay docking station may encroach the sidewalk and other

potential safety accidents and so on. These are likely to cause emergencies,

should carried out a variety of plans from a technical and management aspects

to guard against possible risks.


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9. Monitoring and Evaluation Implementation of Social

Management Plan

In order to measure the success of the implementation of this project, that

needs to access to relevant implementation information of social management

plan sufficiently and timely. Develop publicly verifiable monitoring and

evaluation procedures, develop monitoring and evaluation indicators to

measure the social impact of the actual project; assessment projects to meet

the needs of the target group; ensure the establishment of monitoring and

evaluation procedures of various negative impact mitigation options. Timely

develop adjustment programs to remove barriers to the achievement of the

project’s social objective.

9.1. Monitoring Agencies

Monitoring and evaluation of Social Management Plan shall be

implemented by the third party (organization or person) commitment entrusted

by the project units which have the social evaluation appropriate qualifications,

experience and ability independent to the project construction, design,

approval, construction, management and other institutional stakeholders.

In Harbin, Leading Group of World Bank Project will engage an

independent monitoring agency to carry out an external monitor for the

implement of social management plans. Independent monitoring and

evaluation unit periodically carry out tracking monitoring and evaluation

activities for the implementation of social management plan, advice and submit

monitoring and evaluation reports to the leading group of municipal public

transport and the World Bank.

Monitoring agency of social management in the project is a highly

qualified organization, the group composed of staff of WB, ADB senior expert

in social monitoring.


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9.2. Monitoring Steps and Content

9.2.1 Monitoring Steps

The monitoring unit analyses and assess the social impact of the actual

project and the extent to meet the needs of target groups based on the findings

of tracking and monitoring; focusing on tracking various implementation that

mitigating or have negatively affect on the program, timely submission

measures to remove barriers to achieve social objectives of the project, if

necessary, proposed adjustment programs; identify and analyze the existing

social problems and social risks during the implementation process in the

project, and propose corrective measures and improvement suggestions. Main

work steps are as follows:

A．Establish work plan for monitoring and evaluation;

B．Establish survey outline, survey forms, questionnaires and interviews

Commitments

C．Sampling program, program design for interviewing stakeholders;

D．Baseline survey to determine the base value of the core indicators for

monitoring

E．Establish a monitoring and evaluation information system, which will

involve social management plans for different types of data classification to

establish a database for analyzing and follow-up monitoring to provide

computer-aided;

F．Monitoring and evaluation surveys;

G．Writing monitoring and assessment report

9.2.2 Monitoring contents

a. According to the social management plan to determine the social

monitoring and evaluation indicators, tracking and monitoring and evaluation


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the social management plan for the implementation;

b. Based on the survey results of tracking and monitoring, analyse and

evaluate social impact that the projects actually produce assess the level of

the project meets the needs of the target group;

c. Focus on tracking various implementation of the program which have

negatively affect on the project, timely propose measures to remove barriers to

achieve social objectives of the project, if necessary, propose adjustment

programs;

d. Identify and analyse existing social problems and social risk during the

implementation process of the project, and propose corrective measures and

improvement suggestions.

9.3. Indicator System

Monitoring indicator system is built mainly around social diversity and

gender, systems, rules and behavior, public participation, stakeholder analysis,

social risk, and several other aspects.

Table 9-1 Monitoring Indicators Constitute Little Table

Indicator System Monitoring contents

Social diversity and gender

1、Women and children

2、national minority

3、Poor population

Different groups (including men and women)

have different status, role and development in

social development of the project's；Analysis the

changes that may occur of these groups’ social

status affected by the project, their interaction with

other groups, as well as these groups’ effect and

opportunities for development.

System, rules and behavior

1.Formal system

Analysis project-related organization system,

rules and members, including forms of social


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2.Informal system

3.Customs and behavior organization and social relations, formal and

informal institutions, formal and informal rules

convention, customs and behavior between

different groups, as well as rules and behavior of

those institutions that may have an impact on the

achievement of project objectives.

Public Participation

1.Participation program

2.Participatory approach

3.Participation procedures

4.Participation in the feedback

5.Participation of special groups

From the looks of public participation, analysis

the degree of stakeholders involved in the project

affected by the project, including the results

generated by participating in project preparation,

decision-making, construction, operation

management, and sharing the project and the

opportunities created by the project, and should

give particular attention to the extent and

possibility of vulnerable groups’ participation. Then

study existing participatory approach; establish

framework for participation including the

information-sharing mechanisms, consultative

mechanisms and participation mechanisms to

develop participation plans to improve the

effectiveness of stakeholder participation.

Stakeholders

1.Beneficiaries

2.Damaged stakeholders

3.Both benefit and losers

4.Other stakeholders

5.Vulnerable groups

Analysis individuals or groups affected by the

project or affecting the project. Not only to analyze

the extent of the actual impact of different

individuals or groups in the project, but also

analyze their influence on the project, assess their

role in achieving the project development

objectives. On this basis, proposed the

recommendations of establish the mechanisms


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that promoting various stakeholders to mutual

cooperating and involved in the project and the

established monitoring indicators of the various

stakeholders.

Social risk

1.Compensation for expropriation risk

2.Risk of ethnic and religious affairs

3.Other risks of the project highlights

Identify all possible risks, to develop

management measures to cope with risks. On risk

analysis, usually pay attention to five risks,

including vulnerability risk, country risk, political

and economic risks, and institutional and external

risks. Risk analysis should consider the

above-mentioned aspects together.

9.4. Monitoring and Evaluation Report

In the project implementation period (2013 to 2016), annually submit a

part of social management plan implementation monitoring and evaluation

report.


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10. Conclusions and Suggestions

10.1. Conclusions

10.1.1 The construction of project will promote local sustainable

development.

Due to the rapid development of social economy and continuous

promotion of urbanization process, the congestion of public transport is

increasingly prominent, not only affects residents’ life and livelihood, but also

exert negative influence on attract investment. The construction of project not

only can improve residents’ living environment and life quality, reduce rate of

traffic accidents, save people’s life and property, but also can improve

investment environment greatly, and thus playing an active role in promoting

sustainable development of local social economy.

10.1.2 Most residents support the construction of the project

According to sampling questionnaire and interviews, it indicates that most

residents support the project strongly. The main reason is that residents

recognize the project is urban basic livelihood project, and its implementation

can benefit all citizens. Therefore, most of them have high expection for the

project.

10.1.3 Implementation of the project will be beneficial to the development of

vulnerable groups

The project dose not impact vulnerable groups directly, and the HMDRC

has indicated that ticket price will not be raised after the project finished.

Accordingly, the project will not increase vulnerable groups’ living costs.

By contrast, because the implementation of the project, add voice prompt,

electronic station board, improve street lamps on platforms, increase electronic

eyes and add supporting facilities, which will exert positive influence on


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improving going out condition of vulnerable groups and the development of

work and life.

10.1.4 Public participation policy has been preliminary established

During the early preparation process, the public participation policy has

been preliminary established and residents also show their enthusiasm in

participating, especially special groups, such as elderly, disabled, low-income

population and women, have shown high participation level. According to the

project progress, in the next process, there will be more citizens take part in

the project actively and effectively.

10.1.5 Projects have little impact on ethnic minorities

No minority areas are within the scope of this project, so this project does

not directly affect the ethnic minorities.

10.2. Suggestions

10.2.1 Further strengthen public participation

Public participation activities of the early preparation process of the

project have gained some good effects, and social assessment team also has

timely reflected the public issues and good suggestions to the feasible unit and

PMO three times. In the following process, it is better to make more detailed

public participation schedule, open information in time and strive for the most

widespread public support. Meanwhile, improve the project management

through absorbing public advices and suggestions.

10.2.2 Increase the Transparency of Project Information

The early investigation found that, although open information of the

project has achieved good effects, there are still some blind angles and

imperfections, part of institutions and public still do not get a clear perspective

of the project. Therefore, the SA team suggest to open information through


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Internet, television, newspaper and showcase. Introduce the progress of the

project, promote the meaning of project and increase residents’ sense of

belonging.

10.2.3 Measures and Suggestions to Promote the Anti-poverty

The survey found that the low-income population is most sensitive to fare

increases. Hypothetically, a low-income person takes bus twice a day, the

expense (1 yuan once, 2 yuan a day) will occupy 16.7% of his (her) monthly

income. If the fare were double, then the transportation cost would occupy

33.3% of his (her) monthly income. Thus, we advise government of Harbin City

to implement fare reduction policy to the people who below the poverty line.

Nowadays, there are a lot of cities in China have implemented riding

preferential policies for the disabled, as well as some cities in Heilongjiang

province. But as a provincial capital city of Harbin, there are no riding

preferential policies for the disabled (except disability soldier) without

consideration of disable type and level of disability. This induces some

disabled people of Harbin have a lot of complaints. Because this increase their

cost of living invisibly and majority of them live poorer. Objectively, it also

affects the development of Harbin as the image of international metropolis. We

suggest Harbin city government to consider the difficulties of this group of

people, and give them some discount or subsidies gradually according to the

type and level of disability.


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10.2.4Recommendations for specific project construction content

After sorting out, the social assessment team set forth 46 suggestions regarding project design and management,

which are fed back to feasibility study units and owners units. The specific contents refer to table 10-1. Among these

suggestions, there are 25 suggestions have been accepted by management authority, 14 suggestions have been

included in the feasibility study report by feasibility study design unit and 7 suggestions are not adopted as reasons in

terms of economy, technology, etc.

Table 10-1 Suggestions of project contents and management policy

Content No. Existing problems Suggestions Adoption of Suggestions

Stations

1

There is no canopy or stool, and it is inconvenient for passages to

wait for bus, especially elderly, week, patient and disabled;

Though there are stools at several stations, but they are lack of

maintenance and cannot be used.

Install canopies and stools at station, best

set up special seats for elderly, week

patient and disabled. And strengthen

maintenance; such as recruiting suitable

volunteers to maintain order, guide

passages, help elderly, week patient and

disabled wait for bus and guide them get on

bus exactly in time.

Adopted by management authority

and included in the feasibility study

report

2

Surface of some platforms is not smooth, especially in winter. Roads

around platform frozen seriously, which may lead to accidents

regularly and difficulties for elderly, week patient and disabled to get

on bus.

Improve the roads in time, roads near the

station should be better paved by skid proof

and insulation material and be able to heat

partially to prevent frozen in winter.

Cannot be adopted as technology and

finance is infeasible; propose to

increase temporary workers to clean

the snows on the platforms, the

related budget has been included in

the feasibility study.

3 There is no heat preservation, and it is cold to wait for a bus in winter.

Building three sides semi-closed waiting

room, warm house should be established at

big stations.


and plan to adopt the fully-enclosed

style

4 The platform setting is not reasonable; road signs on both sides do

not correspond with each other in some areas.

Set station reasonably to make it

convenient for passages to seek.


5 The locations of station are not reasonable; the distance between

two stations is too long, such as the Nanzhi Road.

Optimize the locations of station; shorten

the distance between two stations.


and this will be improved by the

condition

6 The height of steps of bus body and the roads of station do not

correspond with each other, and the distances are large, which

makes it difficult for the elderly and disabled to get on bus.

The height of steps of bus body and the

roads of station should remain the same.

Unadopted as systemic problem and

technological infeasibility. The project

has improved the situation, but cannot

be addressed completely. The

barrier-free way has been included in

the feasibility study

7

Buses for different routes may arrive simultaneously sometime and

do not stop at the same place, which may lead to unordered groups

and that elderly may easy to fall down, pregnant and leg deformed

person cannot get on bus in time, blind cannot find and get on bus in

time.

Recruit volunteers，strength guidance of

station, especially big stations, set different

park area for different routes in big stations

to make it convenient for elderly, pregnant

and disabled to get on bus.

Adopted by management authority the

three corridors can solve the problem,

which has been included in the

feasibility study.

8 No voice prompts at station,. Therefore, blind cannot know where to

wait and which bus is coming.

Establish voice prompts and require buses

to stop in the fixed point so that make it

convenient for blind, elderly and children to

take bus.


and intelligent station board of three

corridors can slove, which has been

included in the feasibility study

9 No guardrails and guide bar in line at station, and it is chaotic.

Establish guardrails, and let passengers get

on the bus in order, establish special

channel for elderly, week, patient and

disabled.

Terminal station can solve, but the

other stations cannot solve. There is

no the same question in the corridors

of the project

10

The sign of station is not clear; the name of station is not normative,

place names, company names park names, etc. are mixed up, local

people may even make sure where it is; there is no electronic maps

or bus route query system, it is difficult for population from outside to

take bus.

Standardize the name of bus station. Unify

the usage of road name. Install the

electronic map and bus routes enquiry

system

Establish electronic maps and bus route

query system at big stations.

Adopted by management authority.

The corridors need to solve these

problems, which has been included in

the feasibility study


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11 Some platforms are not safe as there are many thieves near them, Install surveillance cameras on the

platforms and intensify platforms supervise

Management authority plans to

implement

12 The station board cannot be seen in the winter as the dark is early. Install street lights on the platform and turn

on them in advance


Lines

1 Many routes turn around at the end of 102 route and lead to chaotic. Extend 102 routes to heater factory of

Dong’an Street.

Buses can turn around and take

precedence, social vehicles cannot be

allowed

2 Passages get off at Haxi Station is increasing, but many buses do not

get there.

Extend routes to Haxi Station and form bus

network.

Adopted and increase three or four

bus routes

3 It is waste that No. 18 route is too short. Extend No. 18 route. Unadopted

Buses

1 Steps are too high getting on and off bus.

It is difficult for elderly and disabled to get on bus.

Standardize the model and standard of

buses, purchase buses with moderate step

height.


2 Buses have no air conditioning, and they are very windy, frozen, cold

and slippery in winter.

Purchase air-conditioned buses or install

thermal facilities inbuses

Adopted by management authority.

Purchase air-conditioned buses has

been approved.

3 Bus handrails are not suitable for disabled; several rods are too high

for general people.

Purchase buses with reasonable handrails

and rods.

This problem can be solved by

installing handrails

4 Too many posters and all different kinds of advertisements in the

carriage, it is not pretty.

Exercise unified management.

Unsightly advertisements and enterprise

publicity should not be posted in the

carriage.


5 Sometimes, buses break down while driving.

Strengthen the maintenance and repair of

buses and check bus condition before

driving.


6 Female is easy to be involved in the sexual harassment on buses;

elders and children are easy to be attacked; there are thieves

Install monitoring cameras in buses, which

can improve deterrence and decrease

similar cases; also, purchase buses with

three doors and set up special door and

seats for elders, women and children

Adopted and install monitoring

cameras in five positions (in front of

the bus, tail of the bus, in front of the

bus door, in the bus and tail of the bus

door)

Preferential card

1 Part of routes to outskirt do not provide discount card to elderly.

All buses in urban area should practice the

same policy, and benefit outskirt and rural

area gradually.

Unadopted

2 Elderly can enjoy discount after 70-year-old, and it is too late. It will be better to change the age from 70 to

60 or 65.

Unadopted

3 Disabled (not include theblind) cannot enjoy discount now. Provide disabled relative discount policy

according to the disabled level and type.

Increase subsidy

Scheduling

1 The time bus arrive is not stable, many buses sometime, no bus

sometime. Many empty buses are not on road in the final station.

Strengthen the supervisory control of

station. Schedule reasonably in time

according to passenger flow.


2 Routes may be added or reduced, but the stops are not changed, like

No.28 and No.68.

Administration department should change

information about bus stops in time to make

it convenient for passengers to take bus.


3 It is chaotic in all stations during rush hours. Dispatch field command and maintain order

during rush hours.


Identity system and promoting

1

It is very cold in winter, and windows are frosted seriously. The

number of bus (which route) on the outside of the bus and the stop

name on station are not clear, it makes passengers, especially

elderly, deaf and near-sightedness, inconvenient to take bus, and

often miss the certain stop.

Enlarge the fond size, add LED screen on

the outside of windows to show route name.

Install LED screen on relatively high place

in front and behind the bus to make

passengers, especially elderly, deaf and

near-sightedness, convenient to take bus.

Unadopted. The project has solved

and include in the feasibility study

2 The blind cannot see station board and indicators clearly

Add voice prompt and play in advance so

that the blind can have enough time for

preparation


and will be addressed in the project.


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3 Route maps on station and in bus are not updated in time.

Relative department should update route

maps in time to make passengers

convenient to take bus.


4 Too many advertisements in bus corridor.

Transform some advertisements to route

maps reasonably to make it more

convenient for passengers to search out

route.


5 Minority

There are many Korean nationality citizens

live scattered along stations from Hongqi

Street to Tongxiang street. Accordingly,

there is an expectation that this district can

set up bilingual (Chinese and

Korean )transportation indicators and

station announcement in bilingual

Unadopted. Although there are some

Korean nationalities in this district, this

is not the Korean nationality

neighborhood. Therefore, it does not

have the necessary to set up bilingual

transportation indicators. Moreover, it

is difficult to set uo bilingual station

board.

Bus company and drivers management

1 Some operating buses are private in No.369 route, they do not

charge the same as the unified policy, and the standard is different.

Relative department should work it out, and

charge as the unified policy.

Management authority plans to

adopted and may implement single

standard.

2 To drivers, salary is low, responsibility is great, quality is low, and

attitude is bad.

Adjust drivers’ salary. Strengthen quality

training.


and the contents of suggestion are

implemented now.

3 It is too fast for elderly and disabled to adapt when starting or

stopping the bus.

Strength training for bus drivers to slow

down the acceleration when starting or

stopping the bus.


4 The passengers in Botanical Garden Station are mainly elderly, and

most of them have elderly certificates, so many bus drivers do not

stop.

Relative department should strengthen

management.


Destination construction

1 No public toilet in the final station. Construct public toilet to provide

convenience to drivers and passengers.

Adopted and related departments

have formulated planning, propose to

establish 100 Worker Homes

2 Too few garages, drivers have to warm the buses especially in

winter. They have to get up at 3 o’clock in the morning, and their

workloads rose imperceptibly.

Increase the number of garages,

strengthen the maintenance of buses,

reduce the workloads of bus drivers and

make convenient to bus warming.

Adopted and part of them have been

solved in the project.

Signaling system

1

Traffic light in some junctions is too short for the disabled to cross the

road. Some of the junctions have no voice prompting, and blind have

no idea of crossing the roads, some blind only have to crossing the

road with cane.

Take demand of disabled into

consideration, set reasonable length of

traffic light, establish voice prompt system

for crossing signal.

Unadopted

2

The length of traffic light in Sanhe Road is too long and waste

passengers’ time, increase the violation phenomena;

The length of traffic light in the point of three-movie power is too short

for passengers to cross roads.

Set traffic light reasonably.


3 The traffic light buttons for advance are almost nonexistent, and most

of them are not usable.

Use reasonably and strengthen

maintenance.


Overpasses or underpasses

1 Steps of overpasses are too steep, and not all steps are made by

non-slip material and lack of handrails, and it is inconvenient for

elderly and disabled to use.

Set step height reasonably, cover the steps

by non-slip material, add handrail in the

middle of wide overpasses, to make it

convenient for elderly and disabled to pass.


and has been included in the

feasibility study.

2 No windscreen, and it is very cold in winter.

Add windscreen to big overpasses to make

it convenient. In addition, take weather

factor into consideration, and the number of

underpasses should be increased.


and has been included in the

feasibility study.

Sidewalks or bike lanes

1 Too many motors in sidewalk and it is very difficult for elderly and

disabled.

Relative department should carry out policy

and measures to strengthen management.



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10.2.5Mitigation Measures and Suggestions for Environment Impact during

The Construction

Mitigation measures for traffic impact. Take this factor into full

consideration when making project implementation and require particularly

busy roads’ requirements to avoid the rush hour (such as night transport to

ensure there is no traffic congestion during day time).

Reduce dust. We advice that when constructing under the continuous

good weather and wind conditions, spraying some water to the heap soil to

prevent dust, and constructors should carry out cleaning policy for the

construction sites.

Control noise pollution. To reduce construction impact on nearby

residents, project should not allow construction from 11pm to 6 am the next

day within the area where is not far more than 200 meters away from

residential. And construction equipment and methods should be taken into

consideration and instrument which low noise is needed should be preferred.

To the project must be constructed at night, which will affect surrounding

residents; noise reduction measures should be carried out. And at the same

time, temporary facilities can be set up around construction sites or residential

to ensure the quality of living environment.

Restore greenery on municipal roads. After completion of construction,

damaged roads and landscaping should be recovered as soon as possible so

that avoids affecting urban function.

10.2.6Suggestions to Intensify The Unified Management of Bus System

Currently, Harbin city bus system composition is complex; there is a mix of

state-owned units and private stock enterprise, and individual vehicles on

some lines. Nearly 30 bus companies in the city, procurement of vehicle model

is multifarious, specifications also differ, and even the execution of the

charging standard is not unified. We suggest that the Harbin city should


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strengthen the unified management, such as vehicle centralized purchasing,

unified logo, unified car color, uniform charge policy, for vehicle maintenance

and convenient unified management.

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Annex 1 Social Investigation Questionnaire of Project

Questionnaire number: M_______ ; Investigator:__________; Investigation time:___________; Investigation site:___________;

Respondent’s address:_______ ; Area:_________; Street:________; Community:_________.

: Social Investigation Questionnaire of Project Dear Sir/Madam:

Hello! Commissioned by PMO of HCWSPTSP, we are conducting a social survey about Harbin city traffic condition. The project mainly involves residents’ travel mode, the present situation of transportation, the urban traffic, traffic safety, etc. Your choices and opinions are very important to our investigation and the results of the survey will be decision-making basis for government transportation project, please be patient and express your true opinion. Our questionnaire consists of six parts and you only need to be careful to fill in according to the actual situation. It will take you approximately 30 minutes. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential.

Filling explanation: 1, please tick“√” on the option which is suitable for you, or fill in the " "; 2, multiple-choice, please tick“√”on all realistic option.

Social Assessment Consulting Team of HCWSPTSP

A. Travel mode of residents A1. In winter, your travel mode first:____ second:____ third:____

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1.On foot; 2.By bicycle; 3.By bus; 4.By taxi; 5.By electric vehicles; 6.By motorcycle; 7. By private cars; 8.By shuttle bus; 9.Other A2. Except for winter, your travel mode first:____ second:____ third:____ 1.On foot; 2.By bicycle; 3.By bus; 4.By taxi; 5.By electric vehicles; 6.By motorcycle; 7. By private cars; 8.By shuttle bus; 9.Other A3. In winter, the frequency of you taking a bus: 1. At least 1 times per day; 2. 2 or 3 day 1 time; 3. 1 time per week; 4. 1 time two weeks; 5. 1 time per month; 6. Other A4. Except for winter, the frequency of you taking a bus: 1. At least 1 times per day; 2. 2 or 3 day 1 time; 3. 1 time per week; 4. 1 time two weeks; 5. 1 time per month; 6. Other A5. Under normal circumstances, the main reason you take a bus to go out is that: (Multiple-choice, limited to choose 3 items) 1. Go to work; 2. Go to school; 3. Pick up children; 4. Shopping; 5. Buy food and Daily necessities; 6. Go to see a doctor; 7. To visit relatives and friends; 8.Go to take exercises 9. Other A6. Which of the following reasons could prompt you to change the most commonly used mode of transportation at present to take the bus? (Multiple-choice, limited to choose 3 items) 1. The bus station can provide more smart information (such as electronic maps. The smart query system, electronic screens can show the arrival time, etc.) 2. More clean and well maintained buses 3. The bus is faster (if there is a bus exclusive passageway) 4. Add new bus lines between home and travel destinations 5. Lower ticket price 6. Transfer to other modes of faster transport 7. The platform has warm facilities 8. Taking a bus is safer 9. Buses can provide special seats for the elderly, infirm, sick, disable and pregnant 10. Buses transfer preferential (such as transfer within the given time, give preferential) . A7. What reasons would lead you to do not use the bus, and change into a different kind of transportation? (Limited to choose 3 items) Parking easier 2. Subway station opening 3.When the bus is not on time 4. When buses are too crowded during the go to work time 5. Easier and safer to cross the road 6. Fuel costs less 7. Have the ability to buy cars 8. Bus stations provide rental bicycles 9. Have the ability to buy electric cars 10. Buses can provide special seats for the elderly, infirm, sick, disable and pregnant 11. Other 12. Will not change B. Bus service status B1. What do you think is the most crowded time for bus：

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1.7：00-9：00； 2.9：00-12：00； 3.12：00-14：00； 4.14：00-16：00； 5.16：00-18：00； 6.18：00-20：00； 7. after 20 o’clock B2.How long it takes you to wait by bus generally? 1.5 minutes; 2.5-10 minutes; 3.10-20 minutes; 4.20-30 minutes; 5.30 minutes B3. Compare waiting for a bus in winter to not in winter you think in winter need 1. Much longer; 2. Slightly longer; 3. Almost the same; 4. Shorter; 5.Feel no change B4.when you take buses in the city to the place where you want to go, what do you think of the transfer time: 1. Too much, very inconvenient; 2. A bit more, it is acceptable; 3. Not so much, is very satisfied; 4. Other B5. What do you think of the current bus line? 1. There are many; 2. Basically right; 3. Less B6. What do you think the frequency of bus start? 1. There are many; 2. Basically right; 3. Less B7. What do you think of the bus starting time and ending time 1. Reasonable; 2. Basically reasonable 3. Starting time is too late; 4. Ending time is too early B8. What do you think of the construction of the bus stations 1. Very reasonable; 2. The comparison is not reasonable; 3. General; 4. Is not very reasonable; 5. Very unreasonable B9.The shortage of bus station construction: 1. The distance is too far away; 2. The distance is too close; 3. There is no bus station where is needed ( ); 4. There is no facilities which can keep warm in winter; 5. The platform logo is not clear; 6. The platform is too narrow; 7. Adjacent to the fast traffic lane, is dangerous; 8. It is slippery in winter, easy to fall B10.What do you think of the bus internal device 1. Very good; 2. Better; 3. In general; 4. Worse; 5. Very bad B11. What do you think of the shortage of the bus internal device: 1. Special seats for the elderly, infirm, sick, disable and pregnant are too little; 2. Seats are not enough; 3. Stopping report is not clear; 4. No air conditioning; 5. Armrest is unsafe; 6. Getting on or off the bus is not convenient; 7. Using traffic credit card is not convenient; 8.stopping is unstable; 9. Other B12.what do you think of the current price of bus ticket:

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1. Too high; 2. Reasonable; 3. The lower B13. What do you think the shortcomings of taking a bus: 1. Crowded; 2. Take too much time; 3. Unpunctuality; 4. Insecurity; 5. Inconvenient; 6. The high price of tickets; 7.other B14. What problems do you think the public bus need to improve? 1. The lines are not reasonable; 2. The vehicle configuration is not reasonable; 3. The price is too high; 4. Public transit network is unreasonable; 5. Changing and connecting is not good; 6. Terminal facilities are not enough; 7. The viewpoint of bus priority is weak; 8. The platform set is not reasonable; 9. No air conditioning 10. Other B15. What do you think of the current problems of urban pavement? 1. The cars occupy the pavement; 2. Too narrow; 3. Too dirty, disorderly or bad; 4. The billboards are too many; 5. Roads are too slippery B16. What do you think are the main problems of crossing the road through the intersection? 1. It takes too much time to wait for the green light; 2. The green light time is too short for pedestrians to cross road; 3.It is easy to course traffic jams when the traffic lights change, and it makes difficult for pedestrians to cross from the intersection; 4.Too many pedestrians need to cross the road, and not all of them can pass before the green light change;5. the cars from the left and right lane drive into the pavement during the green light; 6. Cars do not give way to pedestrians ; 7. There is no safety island in the middle of the road;8. Cars could come from any direction. C. Bus priority corridors construction C1. To improve the situation of urban traffic congestion, what do you think should be done: 1. Broaden the city roads; 2. To restrict private cars going out; 3. To develop underground rail traffic; 4. Develop the public transport first; 5. Increase the transfer center, make it convenient to transfer; 6. Provide the public bicycle; 7. There is no way to improve; 8. Other C2. Do you think it is necessary to set up bus lanes in Harbin? 1. It is necessary; 2. Don't need to; 3. It doesn't matter C3. Your attitude about setting up bus lanes in this city: 1. Support; 2. Oppose; 3. It doesn't matter C4. How much the bus ticket takes you can accept after the completion of bus priority corridors ,? 1. Constant; 2. Add (please write down your acceptable increase yuan/time) C5.Do you think the time you take buses will increase or others after the completion of bus priority corridors?

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1. Increase; 2. Will not change; 3. Difficult to judge C6.Which places must be established bus stations after the completion bus lanes? 1.Places near schools; 2. Places near hospitals; 3. Places near parks; 4. City center; 5. Places near the vegetable markets; 6. Places near shopping markets; 7. Other C7. In winter, what do you think is the reasonable interval time of buses:____ minutes a bus; Reasonable interval time of buses during rush hours:____ minutes a bus. C8.the suitable time for first bus and last bus you think is: _____in the morning; ____in the evening. C9. What are the possible positive effects, after the completion of bus priority corridors? 1. Travel more convenient; 2. Ease traffic congestion; 3. Low carbon and environmental protection; 4. Travel is more efficient; 5. Safer ; 6. Add more job opportunities and increase income; 7. Other C10. What are your concerns after the completion of bus priority corridors? 1. Ticket price; 2. The corridors will take up the road and the traffic will be crowded; 3. Less bus stations; 4. Other C11. If construct the crossing road, which way do you tend to choose? 1.The way which has a safety island and can cross the street directly; 2. Directly cross the street; 3. Overpasses; 4. The underground passages. C12. what do you care about most if update the buses in this city? 1. The appearance of the bus; 2. Whether the buses can use clean energy to reduce pollution; 3. The interior of the bus; 4. How many people the bus can take. C13. Do you want the main problems of transportation infrastructure in this city be solved? Please according to the actual situation, fill “√” in the appropriate spaces.

Traffic facilities Highly hope Somewhat hope Hope little Neither Not care

1. Construct bus bay stop

2. Increase seasonal heat preservation facilities in the bus

3. Set the countdown traffic lights

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4. Increase the street lamp

5. Increase the motor vehicle parking spaces

6. Increase road traffic signs

7. Use bus card to pay

8. Easy to recharge for the bus card

9. Increase the route way

10. Separate the motor and non-motor vehicle

11. Set up the smart bus electronic display screen, report traffic real time

12. Set transit service web site, let the public understand real-time information through the web and WAP

13. Increase the road greening

14. Increase facilities and vehicles which can clean snow quickly

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15. Increase the deicing facilities and vehicles

16. Update the buses

17. Improve the efficiency of the traffic police

18. Improve the environment of bus station and inner of buses

C14. For the transport infrastructure project is not mentioned in the table above, is there anything else you think need to strengthen? Please write your opinions and suggestions on the underline.

C15. In view of the public transport hub station to be constructed in this project, which aspects do you think is need to be considered: 1. Convenient for indoor transfer in winter; 2. Easy to identify the signs, transfer time is short; 3.Provide commercial facilities ; 4. Close to the railway station; 5. Other convenience D. Traffic safety D1. Are you satisfied with the urban traffic safety? 1. Strongly dissatisfied; 2. Somewhat dissatisfied; 3. Somewhat satisfied; 4. Very satisfied; 5.Not care D2. Where take road accidents frequently? 1. The intersections; 2. The forks in the road; 3. The junctions of motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles ; 4. Other D3. What measures do you think can improve the current traffic safety situation? 1. To design more special lanes; 2. Design reasonable intersections; 3. Design more underground passage or bridge on the ground; 4. Other D4. Which way can be effective to propagandize the traffic safety? 1. Local radio, TV, Newspapers and other media; 2. The owner’s community or community organization; 3. Put up posters in the community; 4. Send safety manual to residents; 5. Set the traffic safety propaganda window at the crowed place.; 6. Set up safety training base D5. You want the city's main traffic safety problem be improved? Please according to the actual situation, fill“√” in the appropriate Spaces.

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Project Highly hope Somewhat hope Hope little Neither Not care 1.Safety consciousness is weak 2.Lack of traffic knowledge 3.People walk when the vehicles are

driving

4.Vehicles drive at random at the crossroads

5.Pedestrians break traffic light at random

6.Drivers do not drive the vehicles on the regulate lanes

7.The speed of cars is too fast 8.Traders take up the road space 9.Traffic administration cannot

manage well

10.Snow cannot be removal in time in winter

D6. For the traffic safety project is not mentioned in the table above, is there anything else you think need to strengthen? Please write your opinions and suggestions on the underline.

E. Basic information E1. Age:____ Population in your home:____ E2. Gender: 1. Male; 2. Female E3. The cultural degree: 1. Junior college graduated or above; 2. Senior high school/Secondary technical school; 3. Junior high school; 4. Primary

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school; 5. Illiteracy E4. The nation: 1. Han; 2. The other ethnic groups E5. Occupation: 1. Employee of state-owned enterprise; 2. Employee of private enterprise; 3. Farmers 4. Self-employer; 5. Freelance worker; 6. Unemployment; 7. Students; 8. Retirement; 9. Other E6. Family monthly income:1.10000 below 2.10001 to 40000 yuan; 3.40001 to 60000 yuan; 4.60001 to 100000 yuan;5 More than 100000 yuan. E7. Do you have a driver's license? 1. Yes; 2. No E8. Do your family have a private car? 1. Yes; 2. No; E9. How many private cars do your family have? 1.1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. more than 3 . E10. Do you often drive a car? 1. Regularly; 2. Occasionally; 3. Don't drive F. Special group going out F1. The informant’s family is: 1. Low-income residents; 2. The disabled family; 3. The old man F2. You want the main problems of transportation infrastructure in the city be solved? Please according to the actual situation, fill“√” in the appropriate spaces

Transportation infrastructure Highly hope Somewhat hope Hope little Neither Not care 1. The height of the platform and bus floor should be consistent

2. Set bar and lifting handle 3. Set blind barrier-free facilities and emergency import and export

4. The body of buses and platform should be marked clearly

5. The government should give public transport subsidies when the ticket price rise

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6. Set more seats for the elderly, infirm, sick, disable and pregnant

7. Educate to the driver about the safety, in order to avoid starting and braking too urgent

8. Others Questionnaire number____ ;Investigator_________ ;Investigation date____ ;Investigation place_____ .

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Annex 2 The Taxi Driver Social Investigation Questionnaire

Dear Sir/Madam Hello! Commissioned by PMO of HCWSPTSP, we are conducting a social survey about Harbin city traffic condition. The project mainly involves

residents’ travel mode, the present situation of transportation, the urban traffic, traffic safety, etc. Your choices and opinions are very important to our investigation and the results of the survey will be decision-making basis for government transportation project, please be patient and express your true opinion. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential. Thanks very much! Social Assessment Consulting Team of HUIPTSP

J1.In your opinion, what problem does Harbin have in traffic and roads? Tick in the blank. 1. The snow and ice cannot be cleaned in time_____________； 2. Traffic jam in the rush hours__________； 3. Some roads are so narrow that they should be expand__________； 4. Lack of overpasses and underground tunnel________； 5. Lack of traffic signs and markings_________； 6. Pedestrians, bus, car hog to each other__________； 7. Vehicles cross the crossing disorderly_______； 8. Lack of Parking facilities and Public parking lots_________； 9. legal roadside parking________； 10. Speeding__________； 11. Vehicles change lines, start and turn too fast______； 12. Vehicles don’t obey traffic lights______； 13. Bicycles, electric cars and motorcycles at will______； 14. Pedestrians don’t obey traffic lights___________； 15. Pedestrians cross the road at will________；

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16. Lack of central refuge in wide road___________； 17. Vendors use the space of road________； 18. Traffic administration lose regulation__________； 19. People don’t have enough safety consciousness____________； 20. People don’t have enough knowledge of traffic_____； 21. Other__________. J2. Which of the following measures to improve traffic situation is necessary? Tick in the blank. Measures Very Necessary Necessary

Little necessary

No necessary Not care

Increase the bus lanes

Increase a non-motor vehicle

Increase pedestrian path

Set central refuges in wide road

Ban vendors selling goods on the

Set the countdown traffic lights

Broaden narrow roads or increase

Increase vehicle parking Spaces

Limit the number of private cars

Set road signs and traffic signs

Increase the overpasses and

Buses, taxis install smart vehicle navigation, real-time traffic reports

http://www.iciba.com/central_refuge

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Quick snow-cleaning facilities and

Ice-cleaning facilities and vehicles

Traffic police efficiency

Strengthen the enforcement of

Increase the punishments for

Establish safety education base

J3.What do you think of setting bus dedicated channel? Will it affect the operation of the taxi? Tick in the blank 1. taxi will be more difficult to drive_____; 2. No effects____; 3. Taxi will be easier to drive____. J4. After improving public transport, do you think taxi passenger transportation will be effected? 1. passengers will be less;2. no effects;3. passengers will be more. J5. What do you think, after improve public transportation, does this have any impact on car rental income? 1. Fewer passengers, operating income to decrease;2. The income doesn’t change a lot;3. operation efficiency increases，income increases. J6.For city smart transport system, what good advices do you think can be placed into the project？ _________________________________________________________________________________

Thanks for your cooperation!

Questionnaire number____ ;Investigator_________ ;Investigation date____ ;Investigation place_____ ;Respondent____________.

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Annex 3 Social Investigation Questionnaire for Traffic Police


residents’ travel mode, the present situation of transportation, the urban traffic, traffic safety, etc. Your choices and opinions are very important to our investigation and the results of the survey will be decision-making basis for government transportation project, please be patient and express your true opinion. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential. Thanks very much! Social Assessment Consulting Team of HUIPTSP

J1. What do you think about the city public traffic of Harbin? 1. Excellent 2. Relatively good 3. Common 4. Relatively bad 5. Bad J2. What do you think is the most important problem in the city public traffic system? 1. The ice on the road cannot be cleaned in time___ 2. Traffic jam in rush hours__ 3. Pedestrians, bus, car hog to each other______ 4. Vehicles cross the crossing disorderly_______ 5. Illegal parking______ 6. Speeding_______ 7. Vehicles change lines, start and turn too fast____ 8. Vehicles don’t obey traffic lights______ 9. Lack of traffic signs and markings_________ 10. Pedestrians don’t obey traffic lights___________ 11. Pedestrians cross the road at will________ 12. Frequent occurrence of traffic accidents

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13. Traffic lights works for too short time that the elderly and the disabled is difficult to cross the road 14. Other _______ J3.What do you think are the main cause of these problems? (sort the choices by importance) 1. Shortage of snowplow car _______ 2. Lack of road construction ______； 3. Lack of Public transport vehicles ______； 4. Bus line setup is not reasonable_______ 5. Lack of crossing facilities like Overpasses, underground tunnel_____； 6. Bus stop channel is not perfect ______ 7. Traffic propaganda is insufficient, lack of knowledge of traffic light, traffic safety consciousness ______ 8. Lack of traffic management______ 9. Lack of knowledge of traffic signs, traffic marking______ 10. Public parking facilities are insufficient, lack of social public parking lot______ 11. Road scheduling system lags behind, the road diversion ability is not good ______ 12. Lack of central refuge at wide place in the road 13. road space extrusion by vendors_____ 14 . Lack of. Traffic administration regulation ____ 15. other______ J4. Where do you think have the most traffic accidents? Tick in the blank. 1、Crossing ______；2、Turning______；3、 Junction of vehicle and non-motor vehicle______； 4、near the platform； 5、other J5. Which of the following measures do you think are necessary for improving traffic situation? Tick in the blanks. Measures Very Necessary Necessary

Little necessary

No necessary Not care

1.Increase the bus lanes

2.Increase a non-motor vehicle lanes

3.Set the pedestrian


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4.Set central refuge

5.Ban venders selling goods in road

6.Set countdown traffic lights

7.Broaden the narrow roads or increase lanes

8.Increase motor vehicle parking lots

9.Limit the number of private cars on the road

10.set road signs and traffic signs

11.Increase the number of overpasses and underground tunnels

12.Buses, taxis install smart vehicle navigation, real-time traffic reports

13.Quick snow-cleaning facilities and vehicles

14.Ice-cleaning facilities and vehicles

15.Traffic police efficiency

16.Strengthen the enforcement of traffic rules

17.Increase the punishments of traffic laws and regulations’

violation

18.Establish safety education base

J6. Which group do you think should take road safety education? 1、Private cars drivers_____；2、bus drivers_____；3、taxi drivers_____；4、motorcycle drivers_____；5.bicycle riders_____；6、pedestrians_____；7、students_____；8、pedestrians_____；9、Migrant workers_____；10、Floating population ；11 other (detailed)_____


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J7. What do you think are the effective ways to have the traffic safety propaganda? Tick in the blanks 1、Local radio stations, television stations, newspapers and other media ______；2、community organizations______；3、posters in posters ______；4、Issue safety manual to residents ______；5、setting the traffic safety propaganda windows to issue safety manual to residents ______；6、Establish safety education base ______；other(explain it)______. J8. Do you think the traffic signal system in Harbin is perfect? Tick in the blanks 1. NO 2. YES 3. Not sure J5.1What are the problems if it is not perfect? 1、transformation frequency of red and green lights is too slow______；2、transformation frequency of red and green lights is too fast_____；3、not enough time for red and green lights______；4、too much traffic lights______；5、lack of traffic lights______；6、lack of countdown system______；7、confusing changes of traffic lights when turning______；8 other____ J9. Is there a need to improve public transportation of Harbin? 1、very necessary______；2、relatively necessary 3. Just as well 4. No necessary____；5、I don’t know_____ J10. Which of the following measures is acceptable to improve public transformation of Harbin? 1、increase bus stops______；2、increase bus lanes______；3、Transfer of cohesion between bus routes ______；4、Adding more bus shifts ______；5、Improving the punctuality of buses stop______；6、Improve the bus stop waiting facilities______；7、get the bus information before taking a bus______；8、set lanes for bus only_____；9、better maintenance and cleaning for buses______；10、link up bus and other Mode of transport ______；11、set the bus stops near the Business center____;12、increase bus numbers in rush hours______；13、other (in detail)______ J11. For city smart transport system, what good advice do you think can be placed into the project? ______________________________________________________________________________________

Thanks for your cooperation! Questionnaire number____ ;Investigator__________ ;Investigation date____ ;Investigation place_____ ;Respondent________

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Annex 4 Social Investigation Questionnaire about Floating Population


residents’ travel mode, the present situation of transportation, the urban traffic, traffic safety, etc. Your choices and opinions are very important to our investigation and the results of the survey will be decision-making basis for government transportation project, please be patient and express your true opinion. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential. Thanks very much! Social Assessment Consulting Team of MUIPTSP

W1. Why you come to Harbin? 1. For a business trip 2. Travel 3. Visiting relatives and friends 4. Others W2. What do you think of the public traffic situation of Harbin? 1. Very well____; 2. Better____; 3. The general ______; 4. Worse____; 5. Very bad ______; W3. What transportation do you chose when you are in Harbin? 1. The public bus; 2. Taxi; 3. On foot; 4. Lease vehicles 5. Others W4. Why you choose the public transportation? 1. It is cheap; 2. It is safe; 3.It usually on time; 4. Can’t get a taxi 5. Others W5. Why you choose to take a taxi? 1.It is convenient 2. The road is slippery, and go to the bus station is not convenient. 3. There is no heat preservation facilities at the bus station 4.It is faster 4. 5. Others W6. What are the main problems of the city public traffic in Harbin you think? 1, The snow and ice on roads cannot be cleaned in time____; 2,During the rush time the traffic is very jam____; 3,Pedestrians, bus, car take up roads each other; 4, Vehicles move disorderly at the intersection____; 5,The problem of parking at random is serious____; 6, The speed of Vehicles is too

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fast____; 7, The bus auto off at random, and start or turn too fast____; 8, Vehicles don't obey the traffic lights indicate____; 9, Bicycles, electric cars and motorcycles move at random____; 10, Pedestrians rush traffic light____; 11, Pedestrians crossing the street at random____.; 12,Traffic incidents occur frequently____; 13, Signal time is too short, the elderly, the disabled can’t cross the road during that time____; 14. Is there anything else? ____ __; W7. Which of the following reasons will prompt you to change the most commonly used mode of transportation to take the bus? 1, Bus station can provide more smart information (such as electronic maps, smart query system, and electronic screen which can display the bus arrival time, etc.) 2, More buses which are cleaned and maintained well 3, The bus is more faster (if there is dedicated channel for buses) 4,Add new bus lines between home and travel destination 5, The ticket for bus is lower than before 6,Transfer to other transportation platform is convenient 7,Provide heat preservation facilities at the bus stations W8.Do you have any other good suggestions for the city smart transport system project? __________________________________________________________________

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Annex 5 Bus drivers investigation questionnaire

Questionnaire number: M_______ ; Investigator:__________; Investigation time:___________; Investigation site:___________;

Bus driver’s society investigation questionnaire Dear Sir/Madam

Hello! Commissioned by PMO of HCWSPTSP, we are conducting a social survey about Harbin city traffic condition. The project mainly involves residents’ travel mode, the present situation of transportation, the urban traffic, traffic safety, etc. Your choices and opinions are very important to our investigation and the results of the survey will be decision-making basis for government transportation project, please be patient and express your true opinion. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential. Thanks very much! Social Assessment Consulting Team of HUIPTSP

Investigation questionnaire G1、What is your main difficulty in the process of driving in Harbin city ? Please sort. 1、The roads are icy in winter .

2、The smart degree of existing bus-stops and buses is not enough , which is difficult to meet the information query demand of passengers . The workload of bus drivers increases, which affects the efficiency of the bus speed.

3、The roads or part of them are narrow .

4、Bus lanes are lacked .

5、The signal system is not perfect .

6、Road traffic signs and markings are lacked .

7、Vehicles are random at intersections .

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8、Buses and their equipments are aging .

9、Bus-stops are lacked or them are narrow .

10、Passenger safety protection facilities and warning signs are lacked near the bus-stops .

11、After arriving , buses are difficult to stop in bus-stops .

12、Buses lack heat preservation facilities .

13、Facilities are obsolete and service abilities are insufficient in the bus stop security fields .

14、Other social vehicles are driving too fast .

15、Other social vehicles are changing lanes , starting or turning at will .

16、Roadside parking is random .

17、Pedestrians walk across the road at will .

18、Pedestrians run the red light .

19、Pedestrians walk on the motorway rather than walk on the sidewalk .

20、Before the bus comes to a complete stop in the bus-shop , pedestrians rush to get on the bus .

21、Bicycles , motorcycles or electric vehicles move in the traffic at will .

22、Vendors take up road space .

23、Disabled persons are difficult to query information and get on or off the bus , which affects the operational efficiency .

24、What else ?

G2、What do you think is the most likely reason to cause the bus accidents risk in Harbin city ? Fill ''√'' in the corresponding blanks . 1、The roads are icy in winter _______;2、The traffic is blocked _________; 3、The roads or part of them are narrow_________;

Bus lanes are lacked ________;5、The signal system is not perfect ________;6、Road traffic signs and markings are lacked ________;7、Vehicles are random at intersections _______;8、Buses and their equipments are aging______;9、Bus-stops are lacked or them are narrow _______;10、Passenger safety protection facilities and warning signs are lacked near the bus-stops________;11、After arriving , buses are difficult to stop in bus-stops ________;12、Buses lack heat preservation facilities_________;13、Facilities are obsolete and service abilities are insufficient in the bus stop

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app:ds:on

app:ds:or

app:ds:off

app:ds:the

app:ds:bus

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security fields ________;14、Other social vehicles are driving too fast________;15、Other social vehicles are changing lanes , starting or turning at will______;16、Roadside parking is random_________;17、Pedestrians walk across the road at will_______;18、Pedestrians run the red light_______; 19、Pedestrians walk on the motorway rather than walk on the sidewalk_______;20、Before the bus comes to a complete stop in the bus-shop , pedestrians rush to get on the bus_______; 21、Bicycles , motorcycles or electric vehicles move in the traffic at will________;22、Vendors take up road space________;23、What else ?____________________________________________________________________.

G3、What do you think is the most effective way to decrease the bus accidents risk in Harbin city ? Fill ''√'' in the corresponding blanks .

1、Increasing snow ploughs________;2、Building or widening the roads_________;3、Increasing bus lanes_______; 4、Changing operation modes of the traffic light signal system ( such as the countdown signals )_______;5、Increasing sidewalks and non-motor vehicle lanes________;6、Increasing overpasses and underpasses in the places which have big traffic flows _______;7、Building the bus bay stops_______;8、setting up passenger safety protection facilities or warning signs near the bus-stops______;9、Replacing to the new energy-saving environmental safety buses_______;10、Strengthening the education and training of the safety awareness for bus drivers car drivers and pedestrians______;11、Increasing motor vehicle parking lots _______;12、Strengthening the enforcement of traffic rules and regulations______;13、Other ( please give details )_________________.

G4、What changes that passengers want the most do you think are on buses in Harbin city ? Fill ''√'' in the corresponding blanks .

1、Increasing bus-stops______;2、Adding more bus lines_________;3、Strengthening links of transfer between bus routes_______;4、Adding more fleets of buses______;5、Improving the punctuality rate of buses arriving_______;6、Improving the waiting service facilities of bus-stops ( such as heat preservation facilities ) ________;7、Getting the information about the bus travel time before getting on the bus ( such as the arrival time , etc . ) 8、Increasing in the number of the bus lane________;9、Providing better maintenance and cleaning for buses________;10、Strengthening links between buses and other modes of transport_______;11、Making the bus- stop near the commercial service center________;12、Increasing in the number of buses to reduce the congestion level on the buses in rush hours_______;13、Other ( please give details )__________________________.

G5、About smart transportation system for buses in the city , what do you think is good advice that can be placed into the project design ?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thanks for your cooperation !

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Annex 6 Summarizes of Questionnaire Investigation on Social

Assessment

I. Foreword

“Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project Loaned by

World Bank” is the key construction projects of Harbin. In order to figure out

the public awareness and views of the project; make the social assessment

of the project more objective and scientific; make the preparation, design,

construction and operational management coordinated with the regional

socio-economic development goals, specific local conditions and the

development needs of the target population; to better implement the

Safeguard Polices of World Bank and all the rights specified in the policy of

the affected population in the project, from the March 14th , 2013 to the March

20th , 2013, research group ”Social Assessment of the Harbin Cold Weather

Smart Public Transport System Project Loaned by World Bank” conducted

the field investigation of the residents, bus passengers and enterprises’

workers near the Harbin smart public transport construction’s main roads

(Daxin Street - Beixin Street, Railway Street - Harbin Street, Hongqi Street).

Between August 1st and August 13th, 2013, the SA team performed the

complementary investigation regarding the changed sites and uodated the

SA report based on the latest feasibility study report.

A. Time:

March 14th , 2013 to March 20th ,2013, August 1st, 2013 to August

13th ,2013

B. Place:

Harbin

C. Objective:

Figure out the public awareness and views of the project; make the

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social assessment of the project more objective and scientific; make the

preparation, design, construction and operational management coordinated

with the regional socio-economic development goals, specific local conditions

and the development needs of the target population; to better implement the

Safeguard Polices of World Bank and all the rights specified in the policy of

the affected population in the project.

D. Respondents:

The residents, bus passengers and workers of the enterprises near the

Harbin smart public transport construction’s main roads (Youyi Road,

Xinyang Road, Hongqi Street).

E. Method:

By the method of random sampling, the investigation was sent out 506

questionnaires, take back 500 questionnaires, in which the valid

questionnaires are 500. Statistical analysis was conducted by the use of the

SPSS.

Ⅱ. Analysis of the Questionnaire’s Basic Information

A. The way the residents choose to travel

1. In winter, people’s main ways to travel are “ Bus ”(accounting for

32.5%), “ Taxi ”(accounting for 25.4%) and “ On foot ”(accounting for 23.7%)

(Table A1). The most respondents chose “ Bus ” as the first choice of the way

to travel in winter, accounting for 66.4%; next is “ On foot ”, accounting for

12.2%; then is “ Private cars ”, accounting for 11.8% (Table A1.1). The most

respondents chose “ Taxi ” as the second choice of the way to travel in winter,

accounting for 45.2%; next is “ On foot ”, accounting for 19.6%; then is “ Bus ”,

accounting for 19.2% (Table A1.2). The most respondents chose “ On foot ”

as the third choice of the way to travel in winter, accounting for 41.6%; next is

“ Taxi ”, accounting for 25.8% (Table A1.3).

A1 Way to Travel in Winter

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Answers Questionnaire

Percentage Frequency Percentage

Way to Travel

in Winter

On foot 348 23.7% 69.6%

Bicycle 60 4.1% 12.0%

Bus 477 32.5% 95.4%

Taxi 373 25.4% 74.6%

Electric car 12 .8% 2.4%

Motorcycle 7 .5% 1.4%

Private car 130 8.9% 26.0%

Shuttle bus 29 2.0% 5.8%

Others 31 2.1% 6.2%

Total 1467 100.0% 293.4%

A1.1 First Choice of the Way to Travel in Winter

Frequency Percentage (%)

On foot 61 12.2

Bicycle 9 1.8

Bus 332 66.4

Taxi 28 5.6

Electric car 2 .4

Motorcycle 2 .4

Private car 59 11.8

Shuttle bus 6 1.2

Others 1 .2

Total 500 100.0

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A1.2 Second Choice of the Way to Travel in Winter


On foot 98 19.6

Bicycle 31 6.2

Bus 96 19.2

Taxi 226 45.2

Electric car 4 .8

Motorcycle 1 .2

Private car 30 6.0

Shuttle bus 9 1.8

Others 5 1.0

Total 500 100.0

A1.3 Third Choice of the Way to Travel in Winter

Frequency Percentage(%)

On foot 208 41.6

Bicycle 20 4.0

Bus 53 10.6

Taxi 129 25.8

Electric car 6 1.2

Motorcycle 4 .8

Private car 42 8.4

Shuttle bus 14 2.8

Others 24 4.8

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Frequency Percentage(%)

Total 500 100.0

2. In no-winter seasons, people’s main ways to travel are

“Bus ”(accounting for 31.2%), “ On foot ”(accounting for 26.9%) and

“ Taxi ”(accounting for 22.7%) (Table A2). The most respondents chose

“ Bus ” as the first choice of the way to travel in no-winter seasons,

accounting for 53.4%; next is “ On foot ”, accounting for 24.2%; then is

“ Private cars ”, accounting for 12.2% (Table A2.1). The most respondents

chose “ Taxi ” as the second choice of the way to travel in no-winter seasons,

accounting for 33.2%; next is “ Bus ”, accounting for 29.0%; then is “ On foot ”,

accounting for 20.2% (Table A2.2). The most respondents chose “ On foot ”

as the third choice of the way to travel in no-winter seasons, accounting for

36.2%; next is “ Taxi ”, accounting for 32.6% (Table A2.3).

Public transportation is the main way to travel in Harbin, bus is the first

choice to travel by, while it would be affected by season heavily whether to

choose taxi to travel by. Since it’s extremely cold in winter, people would

rather take a taxi to go out. It’s of the highest frequency for the residents to

take the bus, and the frequency is a little higher in winter than in no-winter

seasons.

A2 Way to Travel in No-winter Seasons



Way to Travel in

No-winter Seasons

On foot 403 26.9% 80.6%

Bicycle 94 6.3% 18.8%

Bus 468 31.2% 93.6%

Taxi 341 22.7% 68.2%

Electric car 20 1.3% 4.0%

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Motorcycle 10 .7% 2.0%

Private car 121 8.1% 24.2%

Shuttle bus 21 1.4% 4.2%

Others 22 1.5% 4.4%

Total 1500 100.0% 300.0%

A2.1 First Choice of the Way to Travel in No-winter Seasons


On foot 121 24.2

Bicycle 22 4.4

Bus 267 53.4

Taxi 12 2.4

Electric car 10 2.0

Motorcycle 1 .2

Private car 61 12.2

Shuttle bus 5 1.0

Others 1 .2

Total 500 100.0

A2.2 Second Choice of the Way to Travel in No-winter Seasons


On foot 101 20.2

Bicycle 51 10.2

Bus 145 29.0

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Taxi 166 33.2

Electric car 4 .8

Motorcycle 4 .8

Private car 23 4.6

Shuttle bus 3 .6

Others 3 .6

Total 500 100.0

A2.3 Third Choice of the Way to Travel in No-winter Seasons


On foot 181 36.2

Bicycle 21 4.2

Bus 56 11.2

Taxi 163 32.6

Electric car 6 1.2

Motorcycle 5 1.0

Private car 37 7.4

Shuttle bus 13 2.6

Others 18 3.6

Total 500 100.0

3. As to the frequency of taking a bus, in winter, “ At least once a day ”

account for 37.4%, “ Once every 2-3 days ” account for 22.2%, and the both

add up to account for 59.6% (Table A3). While in no-winter seasons, “ At least

once a day ” account for 37.0%, “ Once every 2-3 days ” account for 26.8%,

and the both add up to account for 63.8% (Table A4). The frequency of the

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people’s take a bus is also at a high level.

A3 Frequency of Taking a Bus in Winter

Frequency Percentage（%）

Cumulative Percentage（%）

At least once a day 187 37.4 37.4

Once every 2-3 days 111 22.2 59.6

Once a week 98 19.6 79.2

Once every two weeks 38 7.6 86.8

Once a month 36 7.2 94.0

Others 30 6.0 100.0

Total 500 100.0

A4 Frequency of Taking a Bus in No-winter Seasons



At least once a day 185 37.0 37.0

Once every 2-3 days 134 26.8 63.8

Once a week 94 18.8 82.6

Once every two weeks 31 6.2 88.8

Once a month 32 6.4 95.2

Others 24 4.8 100.0

Total 500 100.0

4. In general, people take a bus mainly to “ Shopping ”, ” Go to work ” , ”

Buy some food and daily necessities ”, which respectively account for 30.1%,

24.6% and 12.2%.

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A5 Main Reason for Taking a Bus



Main Reason for

Taking a Bus

Go to work 240 24.6% 48.0%

Go to school 72 7.4% 14.4%

Take the kids 56 5.7% 11.2%

Shopping 294 30.1% 58.8%

Buy some food

and daily

necessities

119 12.2% 23.8%

See a doctor 63 6.4% 12.6%

Visit relatives 83 8.5% 16.6%

Take sports 21 2.1% 4.2%

Others 29 3.0% 5.8%

Total 977 100.0% 195.4%

5. From the results of the investigation, 17.3% of the respondents

thought the main reason for them to turn to take the bus was “ Buses are

clean and maintained well ”, 14.9% of the respondents thought it was “ Bus

stops can provide more smart information ”, 14.0% of the respondents

thought it was “ New bus routes are opened between house and destination ”,

12.8% of the respondents thought it was “ Bus stops have warm facilities ”

and 12.4% of the respondents thought it was “Public transportation is more

convenient (if there are bus dedicated channels)” (Table A6). 28.4% of the

respondents thought the main reason for not taking the bus was “ Too

crowded in rush hour ”, and 21.5% of the respondents thought it was “ Bus’s

unpunctuality ” (Table A7)。

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A6 Reason for Changing to Take the Bus



Reason for

Changing to

Take the Bus

Bus stops can provide more

smart information （such as

electronic map, smart query

system, electronic screens

which can show the time

when the bus will arrive at

the station, etc.）

164 14.9% 32.8%

Buses are more clean and

well-maintained 190 17.3% 38.0%

Buses are more convenient

(if there are bus dedicated

channels)

136 12.4% 27.2%

New bus routes are opened

between house and

destination

154 14.0% 30.8%

Reduce the price of the ticket 120 10.9% 24.0%

It becomes more convenient

to transfer to other

transportation tools

79 7.2% 15.8%

Bus stops have warm

facilities 141 12.8% 28.2%

Public transportation are

safer 53 4.8% 10.6%

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There’re special seats for the

old, the sick, the disabled,

etc.

27 2.5% 5.4%

There are discounts for

buses transferring(for

example, you can have some

discounts if you transferred

for another bus in a specified

time period）

37 3.4% 7.4%

Total 1101 100.0% 220.2%

A7 Reasons for not Taking a Bus



Reasons for not

Taking a Bus

Parking is more convenient 64 6.1% 12.8%

Subway station is opened 132 12.5% 26.4%

Bus’s unpunctuality 226 21.5% 45.2%

Buses are too crowded in

rush hour 299 28.4% 59.8%

It’s safer and more

convenient to cross the road 48 4.6% 9.6%

Fuel expense is cheaper 30 2.9% 6.0%

Capable to buy a car 112 10.6% 22.4%

Public-renting bicycles at bus

stations 26 2.5% 5.2%

Capable to buy an electronic

cars 26 2.5% 5.2%

191



There’s no special seats for

the old, the sick, the

disabled, etc.

36 3.4% 7.2%

Others 35 3.3% 7.0%

Will not change 18 1.7% 3.6%

Total 1052 100.0% 210.4%

B. Present Situation of the Bus Service

1. As for the running time of bus, 52.3% of the respondents thought the

crowded time was 7:00-9:00, 31.1% of the respondents thought it was

16:00—18:00(Table B1); 42.0% of the respondents thought the time we usually

need to waiting for a bus was 5-10 minutes, 32.2% of the respondents thought

it was 10-20 minutes(Table B2);As for the waiting time of buses, 44.2% of the

respondents thought it was “ A little longer ”in winter than in no-winter seasons,

and 41.4% of the respondents thought it was “ Much longer ”(Table B3); About

the time of the first and the last bus, 57.2% of the respondents thought it was

“ Almost reasonable ”, 26.0% of the respondents thought “ The last bus is too

early ”(Table B7); As for the bus service frequency, 62.6% of the respondents

thought it was “ Almost appropriate ”, and 31.6% of the respondents thought it

was “ a little less ”(Table B6).

B1 The Most Crowded Period of Buses



Crowed

period

7:00——9:00 394 52.3% 78.8%

9：:00——12:00 38 5.0% 7.6%

192



12:00——14:00 18 2.4% 3.6%

14:00——16:00 20 2.7% 4.0%

16:00——18:00 234 31.1% 46.8%

18:00——20:00 45 6.0% 9.0%

After 20:00 4 .5% 0.8%

Total 753 100.0% 150.6%

B2 The Usual Waiting Time of a Bus



Within 5 minutes 44 8.8 8.8

5-10 minutes 210 42.0 50.8

10-20 minutes 161 32.2 83.0

20-30 minutes 47 9.4 92.4

More than 30

minutes 38 7.6 100.0

Total 500 100.0

B3 Compare Bus Waiting Time in Winter With That in No-winter Seasons



Much longer 207 41.4 41.4

A little longer 221 44.2 85.6

193



Almost the

same 61 12.2 97.8

Shorter 6 1.2 99.0

Do not feel

difference 5 1.0 100.0

Total 500 100.0

B6 Bus Service Frequency at Present


More than enough 29 5.8

Almost appropriate 313 62.6

A little less 158 31.6

Total 500 100.0

B7 Whether the Time of the First and the Last Bus are Reasonable


Reasonable 53 10.6

Almost

reasonable 286 57.2

The first bus

is too late 31 6.2

The last bus

is too early 130 26.0

Total 500 100.0

2. About the design of the bus routes, 70.6% of the respondents thought it

was “ Almost appropriate ”(Table B5); 53.8%of the respondents thought the

194

times of transferring when taking a bus was “ A little frequently, but

acceptable ”(Table B4).

B4The Times of Transferring When Taking a Bus in the City


Too often, much

too inconvenient 82 16.4

A little frequently,

but acceptable 269 53.8

Not much ， very

satisfied 135 27.0

Others 14 2.8

Total 500 100.0

B5 Condition of the Bus Routes at Present


A little more 64 12.8

Almost

appropriate 353 70.6

A little less 83 16.6

Total 500 100.0

3. The assessment of the settings inside the buses and the bus stations.

About the settings of the bus stations, 40.4% of the respondents thought it was

“ Not bad ”, 37.0% of the respondents thought it was “ Reasonable ”(Table B8);

As for the disadvantages of the bus stations’ settings, 32.8% of the

respondents thought it was mainly “ There’s no warm facilities in winter ”, and

20.9% of the respondents thought it was “ The platform is slippery and people

are easy to fall down ”(Table B9). About the settings inside the buses, 54.8% of

195

the respondents thought it was “ Not bad ”, and 25.4% of the respondents

thought it was “ Good ”(Table B10); 24.9% of the respondents thought the main

disadvantage of the settings inside the buses was “ Announcement of the

stops can’t be heard clearly ”, 20.5% of the respondents thought it was “ Seats

are not enough ”, 13.3% of the respondents thought it was “ Unstable when

parking ”, and 12.6% of the respondents thought it was “ There’s no air

conditioner ”(Table B11).

B8 assessment of the Settings of the Bus Stations



Very

reasonable 24 4.8 4.8

Reasonable 185 37.0 41.8

Not bad 202 40.4 82.2

Not

reasonable

enough

78 15.6 97.8

Very

unreasonable 11 2.2 100.0

Total 500 100.0

B9 Disadvantages of the Bus Stations’ Settings


Percentage Frequency

Percentag

e

Disadvantages of

the Bus Stations’

Settings

Spacing is too far away 62 7.2% 12.4%

Spacing is too close 48 5.5% 9.6%

No stations where needed 76 8.8% 15.2%

196


Percentage Frequency

Percentag

e

No warm facilities in winter 284 32.8% 56.8%

Marks of the stations are

not visible enough 83 9.6% 16.6%

Platform is too small 56 6.5% 11.2%

Near a fast lane, dangerous 75 8.7% 15.0%

Platform is slippery in

winter, people are easy to

fall down

181 20.9% 36.2%

Total 865

100.0

% 173.0%

B10 Assessment of the Settings inside the Buses at Present



Very good 12 2.4 2.4

Good 127 25.4 27.8

Not bad 274 54.8 82.6

A little bad 74 14.8 97.4

Much too

bad 13 2.6 100.0

Total 500 100.0

B11 Disadvantages of the Settings inside the Buses at Present

197



Disadvantages of

the Settings inside

the Buses

Special seats for the

old, the sick, the

disabled, etc. are so

few

92 9.8% 18.4%

Seats are not enough 192 20.5% 38.4%

Announcement of the

stops cannot be heard

clearly

234 24.9% 46.8%

There is no air

conditioner s 118 12.6% 23.6%

Armrests are not safe 74 7.9% 14.8%

Inconvenient to get on

or get off 57 6.1% 11.4%

Inconvenient to

swiping card 23 2.5% 4.6%

Unstable when parking 125 13.3% 25.0%

Others 23 2.5% 4.6%

Total 938 100.0% 187.6%

4. Assessment of the current price of bus tickets, 88.4% of the

respondents thought it was reasonable. (Figure B12)

198

5. Disadvantages of taking a bus and problems which buses need to be

improved. 41.0% of the respondents thought the main disadvantage of taking a

bus nowadays is “ Crowded ”, 23.1% of the respondents thought it was “ Not

punctual ”, 21.9% of the respondents thought it was “ Consuming of

time ”(Table B13); As for the problems which buses need to improved, 23.8%

of the respondents thought it was “ Unreasonable car allocation ”, 17.9% of the

respondents thought it was “ Bus-first awareness is weal”, 10.7% of the

respondents thought it was “ Unreasonable routes ”, and 9.6% of the

respondents thought it was “No air conditions”(Table B14).

B13 Disadvantages of Taking a Bus at Present



Disadvantages

of Taking a Bus

Crowded 361 41.0% 72.2%

Consuming

of time 193 21.9% 38.6%

Not punctual 203 23.1% 40.6%

199



Unsafe 51 5.8% 10.2%

Inconvenient 49 5.6% 9.8%

High price of

the ticket 15 1.7% 3.0%

Others 8 0.9% 1.6%

Total 880 100.0% 176.0%

B14 Problems which Buses Need to Improve at Present



Problems which

Buses Need to

Improve

Unreasonable

routes 94 10.7% 18.8%

Unreasonable car

allocation 209 23.8% 41.8%

Price of the ticket is

too high 42 4.8% 8.4%

Bus network is

unreasonable 56 6.4% 11.2%

Transferring is

inconvenient 67 7.6% 13.4%

Stations’ facilities are

weal 82 9.3% 16.4%

Bus-first awareness

is weal 157 17.9% 31.4%

Unreasonable

station allocation 68 7.7% 13.6%

200



There is no air

conditioner 84 9.6% 16.8%

Others 20 2.3% 4.0%

Total 879 100.0% 175.8%

6. Problems existing in the streets of the city. 26.1% of the respondents

thought the main problem of pavement in city was “ Cars occupy the

pavement ”, 25.1% of the respondents thought it was “ Dirty and disordered ”,

and 20.7% of the respondents thought it was “ Road is too narrow ”(Table B15);

About the main problem existing in crossing the street at the crossroads,

16.8% of the respondents thought it was “ Green time is too short for the

passengers to cross the street ”, 16.1% of the respondents thought it was

“ Cars don’t yield to pedestrians ”, 14.1% of the respondents thought it was

“ Waiting time of green light is too long ”, 13.0% of the respondents thought

“ Passengers are too many to cross the streets entirely during the green

time ”,12.1% of the respondents thought it was “ Traffic jams always happen

when the traffic lights change, so that pedestrians are difficult to get across the

crossroads ”(Table B16).

B15 Problems of Pavement in the City at Present



Problems of

Pavement

Cars occupy the

pavement 205 26.1% 41.0%

Too narrow 162 20.7% 32.4%

Dirty and

disordered 197 25.1% 39.4%

201



Too many

billboards 83 10.6% 16.6%

Slippery in

winter 137 17.5% 27.4%

Total 784 100.0% 156.8%

B16 Main Problems of Crossing the Street at the Crossroads



Problems of the

Crossroads

Time waiting for green light is

too long 131 14.1% 26.2%

Green time is too short for the

passengers to cross the street 156 16.8% 31.2%

Traffic jams always happen

when the traffic lights change,

so that pedestrians are difficult

to get across the crossroads

112 12.1% 22.4%

Passengers are too many to

cross the streets entirely during

the green time

120 13.0% 24.0%

Cars run into the pavement

during green time 97 10.5% 19.4%

Cars don’t yield to pedestrians 149 16.1% 29.8%

There’s no safety island in the

middle of the road 71 7.7% 14.2%

Cars can rush in from every

triangle 90 9.7% 18.0%

Total 926 100.0% 185.2%

C. Construction of the Corridors Prior for Buses

1. Attitude to the construction of the corridors prior for buses. About the

necessity of constructing the bus dedicated channels in Harbin, 83.4% of the

202

respondents thought it was necessary (Figure C2); As for the attitude to the

construction of bus dedicated channels, 84.8% of the respondents said they

would support it. (Figure C3)

C2 Necessity of Constructing the Bus Dedicated Channels in Harbin

C3 Attitude to the construction of bus dedicated channels in Harbin

203

2. Suggestions on the construction of the corridors prior for buses. About

the suggestions on solutions of traffic jams, 23.8% of the respondents thought

we should “ Develop underground railway transportation ”, 21.4% of the

respondents thought we should broaden the roads, 20.1% of the respondents

thought we should give priority to development of bus transportation, 17.2% of

the respondents claimed that we should take some restrictions on the private

cars (Table C1).

After the completion of the corridors prior for buses, 87.8% of the

respondents thought the ticket price should stay the same (Figure C4); 59.4%

of the respondents thought they would take the bus more often, 25.4% of the

respondents thought the frequency for them to take a bus would not change

(Figure C5).

As for where to set up stops when the bus dedicated channels is

established, 25.3% of the respondents tended to choose some place near the

school, 20.9% of the respondents tended to choose some place in the center

of the city (Table C6).

204

About the reasonable interval time in winter, 46.2% of the respondents

thought it was within 5 minutes, 44.4% of the respondents thought it was 5-10

minutes; As for the interval time in rush hour in winter, 54.6% of the

respondents thought it was within 5 minutes, 35.6% of the respondents thought

it was 5-10 minutes (Table C7).

About the appropriate time for the first bus after the corridors prior for

buses are accomplished, 33.0% of the respondents thought it should be 5:30,

28.8% of the respondents thought it should be 5:00, and 26.2% of the

respondents thought it should be 6:00 (Table C8.1); As for the time for the last

bus, 30.8% of the respondents thought it should be 22:00, 22.4% of the

respondents thought it should be 21:00, and 12.4% of the respondents thought

it should be 23:00 (Table C8.2).

For the items they cared about update buses, 43.0% cared about whether

the cars use clean energy and whether the cars can reduce pollution

emissions, 36.4% of the respondents cared about the carrying amount of the

new buses (Figure C12).

C1 Solutions to the Traffic Jams at Present



Solutions to

traffic jams

Broaden the roads 202 21.4% 40.4%

Take some restrictions on

the private cars 163 17.2% 32.6%

Develop underground

railway transportation 225 23.8% 45.0%

Give priority to

Development of bus

Transportation

190 20.1% 38.0%

Set up more transferring

center to make transferring

more convenient

81 8.6% 16.2%

205



Public bicycles 58 6.1% 11.6%

Have no solutions 13 1.4% 2.6%

Others 14 1.5% 2.8%

Total 946 100.0% 189.2%

C4 Acceptable change of Ticket Price after the Completion of the Corridors

Prior for Buses

C5 Change of frequency of taking a bus after the Completion of the Corridors

Prior for Buses

206

se

C6 Where Ought to Set Bus Stops



Where to Set Bus

Stops

Near school 257 25.3% 51.4%

Near hospital 213 20.9% 42.6%

Near park 117 11.5% 23.4%

Center of the

city 169 16.6% 33.8%

Near food

market 107 10.5% 21.4%

Near

shopping mall 143 14.1% 28.6%

Others 11 1.1% 2.2%

Total 1017 100.0% 203.4%

207

C7.1 Reasonable Interval Time of Buses in Winter




5-10 minutes 222 44.4 90.6

11-15 minutes 27 5.4 96.0

16-20 minutes 9 1.8 97.8

21-25 minutes 11 2.2 100.0

Total 500 100.0

C7.2 Reasonable Interval Time in Rush Hour in Winter




5-10 minutes 178 35.6 90.2

11-15 minutes 31 6.2 96.4

16-20 minutes 6 1.2 97.6

21-25 minutes 10 2.0 99.6

26-30 minutes 1 0.2 99.8

Above 30 minutes 1 0.2 100.0

Total 500 100.0

C8.1 Appropriate Time for the First Bus

208



3:30 4 0.8 0.8

4:00 8 1.6 2.4

4:30 13 2.6 5.0

5:00 144 28.8 33.8

5:30 165 33.0 66.8

5.3 1 0.2 67.0

6:00 131 26.2 93.2

6:30 13 2.6 95.8

7:00 21 4.2 100.0

总计 500 100.0

C8.2 Appropriate Time for the Last Bus



19:00 11 2.2 2.2

19:30 1 0.2 2.4

20:00 30 6.0 8.4

20:30 23 4.6 13.0

21:00 112 22.4 35.4

21:30 61 12.2 47.6

22:00 154 30.8 78.4

22:30 46 9.2 87.6

23:00 62 12.4 100.0

209



Total 500 100.0

C12 Items People Care about Update Buses

3. About the influence that the construction of corridors prior for buses will

have, 28.6% of the respondents thought it would make traveling more

convenient, 26.4% of them thought it could ease traffic pressure, 17.8% of the

respondents thought it would increase the efficiency of traveling, 14.9% of

them thought it would low-carbon environment protection (Table C9). After the

completion of corridors prior for buses, 40.5% of the respondents worried that

the ticket price would increase, 33.2% of the respondents worried that the

corridors would take up the road and make the traffic become more crowded

(Table C10).

C9 Positive Impact of the Construction of Corridors Prior for Buses

210



Positive Impact of

the Construction

of Corridors Prior

for Buses

More convenient to travel 272 28.6% 54.4%

Ease the traffic pressure 251 26.4% 50.2%

Low-carbon environment

protection 142 14.9% 28.4%

Increase the efficiency of

traveling 169 17.8% 33.8%

Bring more safe security 84 8.8% 16.8%

Increase employment

opportunities and incomes 29 3.0% 5.8%

Others 4 .4% .8%

Total 951 100.0% 190.2%

C10 Worries about the Construction of Corridors Prior for Buses



Worries about the

Construction of

Corridors Prior for

Buses

Ticket price will increase 261 40.5% 52.2%

Take up the road, and

make traffic more

crowded

214 33.2% 42.8%

Stops are too less 155 24.1% 31.0%

Others 14 2.2% 2.8%

Total 644 100.0% 128.8%

4. Auxiliary of the construction for corridors prior for buses. About the

crossing channels, 42.2% of the respondents chose “ Overpasses ”, 27.8% of

the respondents chose “ Safety island through which we can across street

directly ”, 19.8% of the respondents chose “ Underground passage ”, and

10.2% of the respondents chose “ Cross street directly ” (Figure C11). About

211

the buses’ hub station, 35.5% of the respondents thought it should be “Easy to

identify, transferring time is short ”, 29.7% of the respondents cared about

“ Convenient to transfer indoor in winter ” (Table C15).

C11 The kind of Crossing Channels

C15 Things to Be Considered While Setting a Hub Station



Hub station

Convenient to transfer

indoor in winter 204 29.7% 40.8%

Easy to identify, transferring

time is short 244 35.5% 48.8%

Have commercial facilities 133 19.4% 26.6%

Near the railway station 64 9.3% 12.8%

Others 42 6.1% 8.4%

Total 687 100.0% 137.4%

5. About the problems of the transport infrastructure in the city, most of the

212

people are strongly or somewhat expect to solve them. (Table C13)

C13 Transport Infrastructure Problems

Strongly expect

Somewhat expect

A bit expect

Not expect

Does not matter, I don't know

Build the harbor-shaped bus stop 270/54% 116/23.2% 45/9.0% 9/1.8% 60/12.0%

Set temperature-adjusting facilities

for different seasons at the bus

station

366/73.2% 110/22.0% 15/3.0% 3/0.6% 6/1.2%

Set the countdown traffic lights 298/59.6% 128/25.6% 47/9.4% 10/2.0% 17/3.4%

Add some street lamps 261/52.2% 132/26.4% 57/11.4% 27/5.4% 23/4.6%

Add the parking spaces for motor

vehicles 256/51.2% 126/25.2% 56/11.2% 28/5.6% 34/6.8%

Add traffic signs 284/56.8% 146/29.2% 44/8.8% 5/1.0% 21/4.2%

Using public transportation card as

the payment 291/58.2% 126/25.2% 37/7.4% 15/3.0% 31/6.2%

Convenient recharging system for

public transportation cards 310/62.0% 119/23.8% 41/8.2% 7/1.4% 23/4.6%

Add crossing channels 343/68.6% 110/22.0% 29/5.8% 6/1.2% 12/2.4%

Set non-motor vehicle lane, to

make it separate from the motor

vehicle lane

322/64.4% 123/24.6% 23/4.6% 5/1.0% 27/5.4%

Install electronic screens at the bus

station for live-traffic reports 305/61.0% 141/28.2% 26/5.2% 22/4.4% 22/4.4%

Build special websites for the

public to know the bus information 292/58.4% 135/27.0% 36/7.2% 6/1.2% 31/6.2%

More road greening 308/61.6% 134/26.8% 35/7.0% 6/1.2% 17/3.4%

Add more facilities and vehicles to

clean up the snow 355/71.0% 116/23.2% 22/4.4% 3/0.6% 4/0.8%

Add more facilities and vehicles to

remove ice 358/71.6% 116/23.2% 20/4.0% 1/0.2% 5/1.0%

Update the buses 323/64.6% 122/24.4% 35/7.0% 6/1.2% 14/2.8%

Improve the efficiency of the traffic

police 299/59.8% 146/29.2% 24/4.8% 8/1.6% 23/4.6%

Improve the interior environment of

the buses and the bus station 377/75.4% 87/17.4% 25/5.0% 2/0.4% 9/1.8%

213

D. Traffic Safety

1. Satisfaction for urban traffic safety. The number of “ Very satisfied ”

respondents takes up 2.2%, 40.4% of the respondents were “ Somewhat

satisfied ”, 12.6% of them were “ Dissatisfied”, and there’re 2.0% of them

thought “ It’s hard to say ” (see figure D1).

D1 Satisfaction for Urban Traffic Safety

2. About the section where traffic accident frequently happens, 43.3% of

the respondents thought it was “ Crossroad ”, 33.8% of the them thought it was

“ Fork road ”, and 21.2% of them considered it to be “ At the junction of motor

vehicles area and non-motor vehicles area” (Table D2).

D2 Section Where Traffic Accident Frequently Happens



What are the sections where

traffic accident frequently

Crossroad 268 43.3% 53.6%

Fork road 209 33.8% 41.8%

214



happens? At the junction of motor

vehicles area and non-motor

vehicles area

131 21.2% 26.2%

Others 11 1.8% 2.2%

Total 619 100.0% 123.8%

3. Measures and effective way to improve the traffic safety situation. About

the measures to improve the traffic safety situation, 45.1% of the respondents

thought “ Should build more crossing channels/overpasses ”, 36.2% of them

thought we should “ Design more reasonable crossroad ”, and 16.9% of the

respondents thought “ More special lanes should be designed ” (Table D3).

About the effective way to promote the propaganda of traffic safety, 39.5% of

the respondents thought we should use “ Local radio and television stations,

newspapers and other media ” to promote, 22.0% of the respondents thought

we should “ Set up safety propaganda windows in crowded areas and

something like that ” (Table D4).

D3 Measures to Improve the Traffic Safety Situation



What are the Measures to

Improve the Traffic Safety

Situation

Design more special lanes 106 16.9% 21.2%

Design reasonable crossroad 227 36.2% 45.4%

Build more crossing

channels/overpasses 283 45.1% 56.6%

Others 11 1.8% 2.2%

Total 627 100.0% 125.4%

215

D4 Effective Way to Promote the Propaganda of Traffic Safety



What are the effective ways

to promote the propaganda

of traffic safety?

Local radio and television

stations, newspapers and

other media

347 39.5% 69.4%

Special organization of the

owners’ committee or the

community

89 10.1% 17.8%

Put up posters in the

community 74 8.4% 14.8%

Distribute safety manuals to

the residents 131 14.9% 26.2%

Set up safety propaganda

windows in crowded areas

and something like that

193 22.0% 38.6%

Establish training base 45 5.1% 9.0%

Total 879 100.0% 175.8%

4. In order to improve of traffic safety, there’re 10 problems need to be

solved. About people’s attitude to the 10 problems, most people were strongly

expecting or somewhat expecting them to be solved. (Table D5)

D5 Problems Need to be Solved to Improve Traffic Safety

Strongly

expect

Somewhat


Does not matter,

I don't know

People’s awareness of

safety is weal. 328/65.6% 128/25.6% 14/2.8% 26/5.2% 4/0.8%

Lack of traffic knowledge 308/61.6% 145/29.0% 16/3.2% 26/5.2% 5/1.0%

Vehicles run with

pedestrians 331/66.2% 115/23.0% 21/4.2% 29/5.8% 4/0.8%

216

Strongly

expect

Somewhat


Does not matter,

I don't know

Vehicles run disorderly

at the crossroad 332/66.4% 108/21.6% 24/4.8% 31/6.2% 5/1.0%

Pedestrians break the

traffic light at random 330/66.0% 109/21.8% 25/5.0% 31/6.2% 5/1.0%

Vehicles don’t run in the

specified lane 320/64.0% 122/24.4% 24/4.8% 30/6.0% 4/0.8%

Vehicles run too fast 320/64.0% 108/21.6% 32/6.4% 32/6.4% 8/1.6%

Peddlers occupied some

road space 293/58.6% 115/23.0% 43/8.6% 36/7.2% 13/2.6%

Traffic administration’s

poor regulation 298/59.6% 127/25.4% 32/6.4% 32/6.4% 11/2.2%

Snow and ice cleaning is

not in time 331/66.2% 107/21.4% 21/4.2% 30/6.0% 11/2.2%

E. Special Populations

1. Characteristics of the special populations’ families in this investigation

(Table F1).

F1 Special Populations


Families enjoying the minimum

living guarantee 2 3.2

Families with disabled persons 2 3.2

Families with old people

（above 60 years old） 58 93.6

The total 62 100.0

2. Families enjoying the minimum living guarantee need the urban

transportation infrastructure to solve these problems (Table F2). Most people

strongly expect or somewhat expect to solve these problems.

F2 Problem Special Populations Need Urban Transportation Infrastructure to

Solve

(Families enjoying theminimum living guarantee)
















217

Families enjoying the minimum living guarantee

Strongly

expect

Somewhat

expect A bit expect

Not

expect

Does not matter,

I don't know

The height of the

platform should be the

same as the height of

the vehicle’s floor

1 1 0 0 0

Set cross bars and lifting

loop handle 1 1 0 0 0

The blind tracks,

barrier-free facilities and

emergency exits should

be set up at the entrance

1 1 0 0 0

The cars and the


specific signs

1 1 0 0 0

Give them subsidies if

the ticket price increased 1 1 0 0 0

Set up more special

seats for the old, the

weak, the sick, the

crippled and the

pregnant

1 1 0 0 0

Give drivers more safety

education to avoid the

urgent start or brake

1 1 0 0 0

Others 1 1 0 0 0

3. Families with disabled persons need the urban transportation

infrastructure to solve these problems (Table F3). Most people strongly expect

or somewhat expect to solve these problems.


Solve

(Families with Disabled Persons)

Families with Disabled Persons

Strongly

expect

Somewhat

expect A bit expect

Not

expect

Does not matter,

I don't know






218

Families with Disabled Persons

Strongly

expect

Somewhat

expect A bit expect

Not

expect

Does not matter,

I don't know

The height of the

platform should be

the same as the

height of the

vehicle’s floor

1 0 1 0 0

Set cross bars and

lifting loop handle 2 0 0 0 0

The blind tracks,

barrier-free facilities

and emergency exits

should be set up at

the entrance

2 0 0 0 0

The cars and the


specific signs

0 1 1 0 0

Give them subsidies

if the ticket price

increased

0 1 0 0 1

Set up more special


weak, the sick, the

crippled and the

pregnant

1 0 0 0 1

Give drivers more

safety education to

avoid the urgent

start or brake

1 0 0 0 1

Others 0 0 0 0 0

4. Families with old people need the urban transportation infrastructure to

solve these problems (Table F4). Most people strongly expect or somewhat

expect to solve these problems.


Solve

(Families with Old People)

219

Families with Old People Strongly

expect

Somewhat

expect A bit expect

Not

expect

Does not matter,

I don't know

The height of the

platform should be the

same as the height of

the vehicle’s floor

39 12 2 1 4

Set cross bars and lifting

loop handle 40 12 3 1 2

The blind tracks,

barrier-free facilities and

emergency exits should

be set up at the entrance

38 12 3 1 4

The cars and the


specific signs

41 9 4 1 2

Give them subsidies if

the ticket price increased 34 16 2 1 5

Set up more special


weak, the sick, the

crippled and the

pregnant

42 13 1 1 1

Give drivers more safety

education to avoid the

urgent start or brake

46 11 1 0 0

Others 16 6 0 0 9

F. Basic Information of the Respondents in the Investigation

1. Age structure. The number of people under 20 years old takes up

11.6%, the number of people between 21 to 60 years old takes up 77.2% and

the number of people above 60 years old takes up 11.2% (see E1.1).

E1.1 Age



11-20 58 11.6 11.6

220



21-30 178 35.6 47.2

31-40 96 19.2 66.4

41-50 77 15.4 81.8

51-60 35 7.0 88.8

61-70 34 6.8 95.6

Above 70 22 4.4 100.0

Total 500 100.0

2. The family size of the respondents. 2.6% of the respondents have

1-person family, 14.2% of the respondents have 2-person family, 54.0% of the

respondents have 3-person family, 19.2% of the respondents have 4-person

family, 7.0% of the respondents have 5-person family, and 3.0% of the

respondents have a family with more than 6 persons. (Table E1.2)

E1.2 Family Size of the Respondents



1 13 2.6 2.6

2 71 14.2 16.8

3 270 54.0 70.8

4 96 19.2 90.0

5 35 7.0 97.0

6 10 2.0 99.0

7 1 0.2 99.2

9 1 0.2 99.4

10 1 0.2 99.6

221



Above 10 2 0.4 100.0

Total 500 100.0

3. Gender structure of the respondents. Among the respondents, Among

the respondents, 45.8% of the them are male, 54.2% of the them are female.

(Table E2) The female is a little more than the male.

E2 Gender Structure

4. The level of education of the respondents. 52.2% of the respondents

have college or above education, 30.4% of the respondents have high school

or technical school education, 13.6% of the respondents have junior high

school education, 3.0% of the respondents have just a primary school

education and 0.8% of the respondents are illiterate. (Table E3)

222

E3 Level of Education

60.00%

5. The Nationalities of the respondents. Among the respondents, the Han

Nationality accounts for 91.8%, minorities accounted for 8.2%. (Table E4)

E4 Nationalities

6. Career structure of the respondents.

E5 Career Structure

Frequency Percentage

223

Frequency Percentage

State organs and

institutions staff 55 11.0

Enterprise staff 111 22.2

Farmers 7 1.4

Self-employed persons 95 19.0

Freelancers 62 12.4

The unemployed 13 2.6

Students 75 15.0

The retired 54 10.8

Others 28 5.6

Total 500 100.0

7. The monthly income of the respondents’ family. Most of the families’

monthly income is below 10000 yuan, which take up 73.4% in all, and they are

also the main part of the people who used to go out by bus.

E6 Family’s Monthly Income

Frequently Percentage Cumulative percentage

Below 10000 yuan 367 73.4 73.4

10001-40000 yuan 30 6.0 79.4

40001-60000 yuan 67 13.4 92.8

60001-100000 yuan 23 4.6 97.4

Above 100,000 yuan 13 2.6 100.0

Total 500 100.0

8. The respondents who hold the driving licenses and have private cars.

224

Among the respondents, 34.0% of them hold the driving licenses, and 66.0%

of them do not (Figure E7); 26.6% of them have private cars, and 73.4% of

them do not (Figure E8); there’re 73.8% of the respondents don’t drive, who

are the main part of the people who used to take a bus.(Figure E10)

E7 Licenses

E8 Whether the Respondents Have a Private Car

E10 Whether the Respondents Usually Drive a Car

225

Investigation Report to the Taxi Drivers in Harbin

1. Problems of Road and Traffic



Problems of Road and

Traffic

Snow and ice cleaning is not

in time 11 2.4% 36.7%

Traffic jams in rush hour 30 6.6% 100.0%

Some roads are too narrow,

and need to be improved or

expanded

13 2.9% 43.3%

226



The crossing channels such

as overpasses and

underground passages are

not enough

30 6.6% 100.0%

Lack of traffic signs and

markings 22 4.9% 73.3%

Pedestrians, buses ad cars

grab road with each 30 6.6% 100.0%

Vehicles run haphazard at

the intersection 12 2.7% 40.0%

Parking facilities are

inadequate, public parking

lots are insufficient

29 6.4% 96.7%

Illegal parking along roadside

is serious 27 6.0% 90.0%

Vehicles run too fast 15 3.3% 50.0%

Vehicles haphazard change

lanes, start or turn 28 6.2% 93.3%

Vehicles don’t obey the

instructions of traffic lights 11 2.4% 36.7%

Bicycles, electric cars and

motorcycles randomly run

through

25 5.5% 83.3%

Pedestrians break the traffic

light at random 30 6.6% 100.0%

Pedestrians cross street

randomly 26 5.8% 86.7%

There’s lack of safety island

in broader section 3 0.7% 10.0%


road space 28 6.2% 93.3%

Traffic administration’s poor

regulation 26 5.8% 86.7%

People’s awareness of safety

is weal. 26 5.8% 86.7%

227



Lack of traffic knowledge 28 6.2% 93.3%

Are there others? 2 0.4% 6.7%

Total 452 100.0% 1506.7%

2. What are the measures to improve the traffic situation?

2.1

Frequency Percentage （%）

Very necessary 1 3.3

Necessary 10 33.3

Somewhat

necessary 18 60.0

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.2



Necessary 2 6.7

Somewhat

necessary 23 76.7

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.3



228


Necessary 5 16.7

Somewhat

necessary 4 13.3

It does’t matter,

I don’t know. 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.4



Necessary 5 16.7

Somewhat

necessary 4 13.3

It doesn’t matter,


Total 30 100.0

2.5



Necessary 7 23.3

Somewhat

necessary 12 40.0

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.6



Necessary 2 6.7

229


Somewhat

necessary 3 10.0

It doesn’t matter,


Total 30 100.0

2.7



Necessary 5 16.7

Somewhat

necessary 2 6.7

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.8



Necessary 10 33.3

Somewhat

necessary 2 6.7

Unnecessary 1 3.3

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.9



Necessary 3 10.0

230


Somewhat

necessary 5 16.7

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.10



Necessary 5 16.7

Somewhat

necessary 5 16.7

Does not matter, I

don't know 9 30.0

Total 30 100.0

2.11



Necessary 3 10.0

Somewhat

necessary 1 3.3

Unnecessary 1 3.3

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.12



Somewhat

necessary 1 3.3

231


Does not matter, I

don't know 2 6.7

Total 30 100.0

2.13



Does not matter, I

don't know 3 10.0

Total 30 100.0

2.14



Necessary 8 26.7

Somewhat

necessary 3 10.0

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.15



Necessary 5 16.7

Somewhat

necessary 2 6.7

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

232

2.16



Necessary 9 30.0

Somewhat

necessary 5 16.7

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.17



Necessary 11 36.7

Somewhat

necessary 4 13.3

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.18



Necessary 9 30.0

Somewhat

necessary 11 36.7

Does not matter, I

don't know 1 3.3

Total 30 100.0

2.19


233



Necessary 6 20.0

Somewhat

necessary 10 33.3

Does not matter, I

don't know 3 10.0

Total 30 100.0

3. Will it make any Impact on Taxis to Set Specified Bus Lane?


Make taxi driving more

difficult 16 53.3

Nearly no impact 7 23.3

Make taxi driving more

smoothly 7 23.3

Total 30 100.0

4. Will it make any impact on taxi passengers way to travel, when the situation

of public transportation have been improved?


Almost the same

as before 19 63.3

More passengers 11 36.7

Total 30 100.0

234

5. Will it make any impact on taxi passengers way to travel, when the situation

of public transportation have been improved?


Less passengers, and the

revenue will decrease 1 3.3

Almost the same income as

before 18 60.0

Running effectively increases,

and the revenue will increase 11 36.7

Total 30 100.0

Investigation Report of the Traffic Police

A. Basic Information of the Traffic Police Investigation

1. Current situation of the public transportation in Harbin. 80% of the

respondents thought it was “Very good ”, and 20% of the respondents thought

it was “ Almost good ”. (Figure J1)

J1 What Do You Think of the Status of Public Transport in Harbin?

100.00%

2. The main problems of the public transport in Harbin. 20.1% of the traffic

235

police thought it was “Snow and ice cleaning is not in time”, 16.8% of the traffic

police thought it was “Pedestrians, buses and cars grab road with each other”,

12.8% of the traffic police thought it was “ Traffic jams in rush hour ”, and

12.1% of the traffic police thought it was “ Vehicles haphazard change lanes,

start or turn ”.(Table J12)

J2 What Do You Think are the Main Problems of the Public Transport in

Harbin?



The main problems of

the public transport


in time 30 20.1% 100.0%


Pedestrians, buses ad cars

grab road with each 25 16.8% 83.3%


the intersection 3 2.0% 10.0%

Illegal parking always

happens 13 8.7% 43.3%

Vehicles run too fast 5 3.4% 16.7%

Vehicles haphazard change

lanes, start or turn 18 12.1% 60.0%

Vehicles do not obey the

instructions of traffic lights 9 6.0% 30.0%


motorcycles randomly run

through 16 10.7% 53.3%

Pedestrians break the traffic

light at random 5 3.4% 16.7%


randomly 1 0.7% 3.3%

Traffic Incidents happen

frequently 5 3.4% 16.7%

Total 149 100.0% 496.7%

3. Main reasons for the public transport problems. 16.0% of the traffic

236

police thought it was “ Lack of snowplow ”, 13.9% of the traffic police thought it

was “ Lack of traffic signs ”, the traffic police who thought it was “ Roads are

inadequate ” and those who thought it was “ Bus routes are unreasonable ”

take up 11.1% in all.

J3 What do you Think are the Main Reasons for he Public Transport

Problems?



Main reasons for the public

transport problems

Lack of snowplow 23 16.0% 76.7%

Roads are inadequate 16 11.1% 53.3%

Vehicles for public transport

is inadequate 8 5.6% 26.7%

Bus routes are unreasonable 16 11.1% 53.3%

Crossing channels such as

overpasses and underground

passages are inadequate

14 9.7% 46.7%

Channels to bus stop

platform are not good enough 6 4.2% 20.0%

Traffic propaganda is not

enough, people is short of

traffic knowledge, and the

awareness of traffic safety is

weal

13 9.0% 43.3%

Management is poor 8 5.6% 26.7%

Lack of traffic signs 20 13.9% 66.7%

Parking facilities are

inadequate, public parking

lots are insufficient

11 7.6% 36.7%

Road scheduling system is

backward, road diversion

capacity is weak

3 2.1% 10.0%


road space 6 4.2% 20.0%

Total 144 100.0% 480.0%

237

4. Sections where road accidents happen frequently. 46.7% of the traffic

police thought the accidents often happen “ At the fork road ”, 26.7% of the

traffic police thought the accidents often happen “ At the crossroad ”, 26.7% of

the traffic police thought the accidents often happen “ At the junction of motor

vehicle area and non-motor vehicle area ”.

J4 Where Do You Think is the Sections Where Accidents Happen

Frequently?



Sections where

road accidents

happen frequently

At the crossroad 8 26.7% 26.7%

At the fork road 14 46.7% 46.7%

At the junction of motor

vehicle area and

non-motor vehicle area 8 26.7% 26.7%

Total 30 100.0% 100.0%

5. Necessity of improving the traffic status.

J5 Do You Think the Measures as Follows are Necessary to Improve the

Traffic Status?

J5.1 Set more specified bus lanes.

J5.2 Set more specified non-motor lanes.

238

J5.3 Set pedestrians’ crossing channels.

J5.4 Set safety islands at the broader sections

J5.5 Forbid peddlers selling goods on the road

239

70.00%

J5.6 Set the countdown traffic lights.

J5.7 Broaden the road or add more road in the narrow sections.

0%

J5.8 Increase motor vehicles’ parking spaces.

240

J5.9 Limit the number of private cars on the road.

J5.10 Set up road signs and other traffic signs.

J5.11 Set more overpasses and underground passages.

241

J5.12 Install buses and taxis with vehicle navigation device, in order to

broadcast real-time status.

J5.13 Quick snow plowing facilities and vehicle

J5.14 Deicing facilities and vehicles

242

J5.15 Efficiency of traffic police to get out of the police station.

J5.16 Enhanced enforcement of traffic rules and regulations

70.00%

J5.17 Enhance punishment for the acts of violates traffic laws and regulations.

243

J5.18 Establish traffic safety education base

6. Population who need safety education. 31.1% of the traffic police

thought they were “ Bus drivers ”, 30.0% of the traffic police thought they were

“ Private car drivers ”, and 27.8%of the traffic police thought they were “ Taxi

drivers ”.

J6 Population Who Need Safety Education


percentage Frequency Percentage

Population Who Need Traffic

Safety Education

Private car drivers 27 30.0% 90.0%

Bus drivers 28 31.1% 93.3%

Taxi drivers 25 27.8% 83.3%

Motor bicycle or motor

car drivers 7 7.8% 23.3%

244



Bicycle riders 1 1.1% 3.3%

Migrant workers 1 1.1% 3.3%

Migrant population 1 1.1% 3.3%

Total 90 100.0% 300.0%

7. Effective way to publicize traffic safety. 31.1% of the traffic police

thought we should take advantage of “ Local radio and television stations,

newspapers and other media ”, 27.8% of the traffic police thought it should be

“Special organization of the owners’ committee or the community ”, 15.6% of

the traffic police thought we should “ Put up posters in the community ”, and

14.4% of the traffic police thought we should “ Set up safety propaganda

windows in crowded areas and something like that ”.

J7 Effective Way to Publicize Traffic Safety



Effective way to

publicize traffic

safety

Local radio and television stations,

newspapers and other media 28 31.1% 93.3%

Special organization of the owners’

committee or the community 25 27.8% 83.3%

Put up posters in the community 14 15.6% 46.7%

Distribute safety manuals to the

residents 1 1.1% 3.3%

Set up safety propaganda windows

in crowded areas and something

like that 13 14.4% 43.3%

Establish training base 9 10.0% 30.0%

Total 90 100.0% 300.0%

8. Is the traffic signal system in Harbin good enough? 92.0% of the traffic

police thought it was not.

J8 Is the Traffic Signal System in Harbin Good Enough?

245


Good enough 30 100.0

9. Is it necessary to improve the public transport in Harbin? 100.0% of the

traffic police thought it was “ Very necessary ”.

J9 Is it necessary to improve the public transport in Harbin?

120.00%

10. Measures helpful to improve public transport in Harbin. 20.0% of the

traffic police thought it should be “ Add more bus stops ”, 17.6% of the traffic

police thought it should be “ Enhance the connection of transferring bus lines ”,

17.6% of the traffic police thought it should be “ Improve the facilities in waiting

area of bus stations ”, and 11.2% of the traffic police thought it should be “ Add

more bus routes ”.

J10 Measures helpful to improve public transport in Harbin



Measures helpful to

improve public transport

Add more bus stops 25 20.0% 83.3%

Add more bus routes 14 11.2% 46.7%

Enhance the connection of

transferring bus lines 22 17.6% 73.3%

Add more public service

vehicles 7 5.6% 23.3%

Improve bus punctuality 11 8.8% 36.7%

246



Improve the facilities in

waiting area of bus stations 22 17.6% 73.3%

Add more bus switch

channels 3 2.4% 10.0%

Maintain and clean the bus

better 12 9.6% 40.0%

Improve the connection

between bus and other

transportation 9 7.2% 30.0%

Total 125 100.0% 416.7%

Investigation Report of the Bus Drivers in Harbin

G1: What do you think are the main problems in the process of driving?

Please sort them.


First

Icy road surface in winter 13 61.9

Intelligence degree of the

current bus stops is not good

enough，and can hardly meet

the demand of passengers’

inquiry, which increase the

drivers’ workload, and finally

decrease the efficiency of

bus service

7 33.3

Lack of safety security

facilities and warning signs

near the stops

1 4.8

Total 21 100.0


Second

Lack of specific bus lanes 1 4.8


the fork road 3 14.3

247


Lack of bus stations or the

platform is too small 3 14.3

Other social cars run too fast 5 23.8

Other social cars haphazard

change lanes, start or turn 1 4.8

Park haphazard at the

roadside 1 4.8


motorcycles haphazard run

through 1 4.8

Difficult for the disable to

inquiry information, get

on/off, which affect buses’

running

6 28.6

Total 21 100.0


Third








bus service

7 33.3

Roads or some parts of them

are too narrow 3 14.3

Buses and their facilities are

outdated 2 9.5

Difficult for buses to stop at

the bus station site 6 28.6



Pedestrians cross randomly 1 4.8

Peddlers occupy road space 1 4.8

Total 21 100.0

248


Fourth

Icy road surface in winter 8 38.1








bus service

5 23.8



Traffic signal system is not

good enough 1 4.8

Lack of traffic signs 1 4.8

Total 21 100.0


Fifth





good enough 1 4.8


the fork road 2 9.5

Lack of warm facilities at bus 6 28.6

Facilities in the bus

parking-maintaining field is

outdated, and the service

capacity is insufficient

1 4.8




roadside 1 4.8

Total 21 100.0

249


Sixth





good enough 5 23.8





1 4.8



roadside 1 4.8


randomly 2 9.5

Pedestrians run red lights 2 9.5

Total 21 100.0


Seventh








bus service

2 9.5


250



good enough 1 4.8



facilities and warning signals

near the bus station

3 14.3


Park haphazard at roadside 1 4.8


Total 21 100.0


Eighth





fork road 5 23.8


outdated 2 9.5


the station site 1 4.8


Pedestrians walk on the

motor-vehicle lane instead of

the pavement

1 4.8

Bicycles, motor bicycles, and

motor cars run through the

car stream randomly

4 19.0

Others 1 4.8

Total 21 100.0


Ninth Lack of traffic signs 1 4.8

251



outdated 6 28.6


the station site 3 14.3





1 4.8



randomly 1 4.8



the pavement

2 9.5

Total 21 100.0


Tenth



good enough 5 23.8


fork road 1 4.8

Lack of bus stations or

stations are too small 5 23.8



randomly 2 9.5




the pavement

1 4.8

Passengers rush on the bus

before it stop wholly 3 14.3

Total 21 100.0

252

Frequency Valid Percent

Eleventh





good enough 2 9.5



outdated 1 4.8






5 23.8





5 23.8


motor bicycles run through

car streams randomly

2 9.5

Total 21 100.0


Twelfth


good enough 1 4.8






1 4.8



change lanes, start and turn 1 4.8

253





the pavement

7 33.3




motor bicycles run through

car streams randomly

1 4.8

Total 21 100.0


Thirteenth


good enough 1 4.8





2 9.5






5 23.8



the pavement

2 9.5



Others 1 4.8

Total 21 100.0


Fourteenth Vehicles run haphazard at

fork road 1 4.8

254






2 9.5





randomly 1 4.8




the pavement

1 4.8



Tota 21 100.0


Fifteenth




outdated 1 4.8




5 23.8


the station sites 2 9.5



randomly 1 4.8



the pavement

1 4.8

Total 21 100.0

255


Sixteenth


good enough 4 19.0


fork road 7 33.3


outdated 1 4.8




randomly 5 23.8




Total 21 100.0


Seventeenth


fork road 1 4.8










2 9.5



randomly 5 23.8



Total 21 100.0

256


Eighteenth



outdated 1 4.8




3 14.3






2 9.5






the pavement

5 23.8

Difficult for the disabled to

inquiry information or get

on/off, which effect the

efficiency of buses’ running

1 4.8

Total 21 100.0


Nineteenth









1 4.8





257




the pavement

1 4.8



Bicycles, motorcycles, and

motor cars run through car

streams haphazard

1 4.8

Total 21 100.0


Twentieth




fork road 1 4.8


outdated 7 33.3

Lack of station or stations are

too small 1 4.8

Difficult for bus to stop at the

station sites 5 23.8


Other social cars change

lane, start and turn

haphazard

1 4.8



randomly 1 4.8

Total 21 100.0


Twenty-first

Lack of safety security or

warning signs near the

platform of the station

1 4.8

258




Other social cars change

lane, start and turn

haphazard

5 23.8



randomly 1 4.8





streams haphazard

6 28.6


Total 21 100.0


Twenty-second


Facilities in the buses’

parking-maintaining field are



1 4.8


randomly 1 4.8



streams haphazard

1 4.8


Total 21 100.0


Twenty-third Lack of warm facilities at bus 1 4.8

Pedestrians run red light 1 4.8

259




streams haphazard

5 23.8






13 61.9

Total 21 100.0


Twenty-

fourth







1 4.8

Others 19 90.5

Total 21 100.0

G2 Possible Reasons for Traffic Accidents in Harbin



Reasons for traffic

accidents


in time 15 6.3% 71.4%


Roads or some part of the

roads are too narrow 16 6.8% 76.2%

Lack of specific bus lanes 21 8.9% 100.0%


good enough 8 3.4% 38.1%

260



Lack of traffic signs 2 0.8% 9.5%


fork road 9 3.8% 42.9%


outdated 12 5.1% 57.1%


stations are too small 11 4.6% 52.4%

Lack of safety security or

warning signs around the

stations

15 6.3% 71.4%


the station sites 14 5.9% 66.7%

Lack of warm facilities at

station in winter 1 0.4% 4.8%

Facilities in the buses’

parking-maintaining field are



5 2.1% 23.8%

Drivers drive too fast 7 3.0% 33.3%

Drivers haphazard change

lanes, start and turn 10 4.2% 47.6%

Park haphazard at roadside 15 6.3% 71.4%


randomly 16 6.8% 76.2%

Pedestrians run red lights 21 8.9% 100.0%


motor-vehicle lanes instead

of pavements

5 2.1% 23.8%


before it stop wholly 7 3.0% 33.3%

Bicycles, motorcycle, or


streams randomly

10 4.2% 47.6%

Peddlers occupy road space 7 3.0% 33.3%

Total 237 100.0% 1128.6%

261

G3 Useful Ways to Reduce Public Traffic Accidents in Harbin



Useful ways to reduce public

traffic accidents in Harbin

Add more snowplows 5 3.2% 23.8%

Construct more roads or

expand them 16 10.2% 76.2%

Add more specific bus lanes 21 13.4% 100.0%

Change the way that traffic

lights system works 10 6.4% 47.6%

Add more pavements and

non-motor vehicle lanes 5 3.2% 23.8%

Add more overpasses and

underpasses in heavy traffic

areas

18 11.5% 85.7%

Construct bay-shaped bus

station 16 10.2% 76.2%

Set safety security facilities

and warning signs near bus

stations

16 10.2% 76.2%

Replace the old buses with

the energy-security,

environmental-protection

buses

10 6.4% 47.6%

Enhance the safety training

and education for bus

drivers, cars drivers and

pedestrians

20 12.7% 95.2%

Add more vehicle parking lots 5 3.2% 23.8%

Enhanced enforcement of

traffic rules and regulations 14 8.9% 66.7%

Others 1 0.6% 4.8%

Total 157 100.0% 747.6%

G4 In Bus Drivers’ Opinion, What Changes About Buses do Passengers

Expect?

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In Bus Drivers’ Opinion, What

Changes About Buses do

Passengers Expect?

Add more bus stops 11 8.3% 52.4%

Add more bus routes 16 12.0% 76.2%

Connection of the time when

transferring 6 4.5% 28.6%

Add more bus service 19 14.3% 90.5%

Improve punctuality of bus 21 15.8% 100.0%

Improve the facilities for

waiting at station (such as

warm facilities) 8 6.0% 38.1%

Get the information about

timetable of buses before

getting on 5 3.8% 23.8%

Add more specific bus lanes 16 12.0% 76.2%

Maintain and clean buses

better 5 3.8% 23.8%

Improve the connection

between buses and other

transportation 6 4.5% 28.6%

Increase buses in rush hour

to reduce the congestion on

bus 20 15.0% 95.2%

Total 133 100.0% 633.3%

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Annex 7 First public participation meeting minutes

A, Time: March 19, 2013 2:00 pm B, Place: Harbin Urban Construction Investment Group Co., Ltd. No. 311 Jian’guo Road, Conference Room 811 C, The participating units and personnel: Li Xinhua, director of the Harbin Municipal Development and Reform Commission, HMDRC Foreign Office in Harbin, Harbin Urban Construction Investment Group Co. pre Department, Public Security Traffic Management Bureau of Harbin City, Transportation Bureau of Harbin City, Urban Management Bureau of Harbin City, Planning Bureau of Harbin City, Harbin International Engineering consulting Center, Hohai University, Heilongjiang Protection Research Institute and Heilongjiang provincial Environmental Science and design Institute. D, The meeting content: (a), Director of Harbin City Development and Reform Commission Li Xinhua introduced the feasibility study materials needed, required government departments to actively cooperate, and form the preliminary results in end of March, and that by the end of March 2013, the Provincial Development and Reform Commission will hear include design units and other departments report the results, based on this, every reporting units should submit the project feasibility study report, Social Assessment Report and EIA report before the end of March.; (b), the specific work arrangements and time node: 1 City investment company: I hope Harbin City investment company can complete the preparation of project proposals as soon as possible , have been implemented project planning and land approval and other formalities; promptly organize feasibility study, environmental assessment report, social assessment report and energy assessment report preparation; recommended UDIC to offer specialized office space, centralized office. 2, Department of Transportation: Request Harbin City Department of Transportation to determine first and last stop hub as soon as possible; determine hub on the sources of funding for real estate development; conduct bus station design; determine the functions of command and what is required; submit the public transport draft plan and integrated transport original planning. 3, Transport Authority: Request Transport Authority to submit the material for the demand of intelligent dispatching system as soon as possible, to facilitate the preparation of the feasibility report. 4, Urban Management Bureau, Planning Bureau and other departments: Require the Management Bureau and the Planning Bureau to complete the collection and submission of "Harbin City Comprehensive Transportation Planning" and "public transportation plan" and other planning materials as soon as possible. At the end of the meeting, NDRC Minister Li summarized the number and location of the site settings, command system hardware configuration, the connection of subway stations and bus stops as well as the revise of feasibility study outlines and other work. 5, the time node of above work is as follows: Node One: The above materials must be

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collected in March 22. Node Two: The draft report of feasibility study of HarbinsSmart transportation system must be completed before March 30th; both the EIA and social assessment draft report should be submitted as an attachment to Harbin City investment company.

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Annex 8 Second public participation meeting

A, Time: March 20, 2013 9:00 am B, Place: Harbin City Investment Company Room 811 C, the participating units and personnel: Li Xinhua, director of the Harbin Municipal Development and Reform Commission, HMDRC Foreign Office in Harbin, Harbin Urban Construction Investment Group Co. pre Department, Bureau on behalf of various commissions (Ethnic and Religious Affairs，Federation, Civil Affairs, Disabled Persons' Federation, Committee on Aging, tourism Bureau, Land resources Bureau, Finance Bureau, Price Bureau, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Traffic Management Bureau, Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, Department of Education), Hohai University social assessment team. D, the main elements: (a), Harbin City Development and Reform Commission Director Li Xinhua introduced the participants, to briefly explained the smart transportation projects, required various commissions Bureau cooperate actively; (b), Teacher Dong Ming from Hohai University introduced this social assessment work, the importance of social assessment, and the content of social assessment; (c), Teacher Dong Ming from Hohai University introduced Harbin smart transportation system construction project briefly; (d), Teacher Dong Ming from Hohai University explained various commissions Bureau data requirements, required all departments to provide information on paper or electronic version. Ask Municipal Women's Federation, Municipal Committee on Aging, Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau, City CDPF, City Board of Education to prepare seminar, and described to contact various commissions bureau on 20th pm to identify the time and location of seminar.

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Annex 9 Interview Location: Harbin City Hongqiao Junior High School

Interview Time: 13:00 on March 22 2013 Interviewee: Wang Xin Director Interview: Q1: Please briefly explain the number of students in Harbin Hongqiao junior high school and where these students come from. A: Our school has more than 3,700 students, students mainly from Hongqiao first primary school, Hongqiao second primary school, and Minjiang primary school. Now primary and secondary schools in Harbin implement Area management, the majority of the students go to the nearest school. Our students mainly from red flag Demonstration Area, sunny green homes, Park Regency, Taihai garden Xinheng New Town, Mengke horizon, Exhibition homes, Yueshan International, Golden Rhine, Long Kun homes, Taishan Community and Minjiang Community, of which 70% to 80% of students from the former five communities. Q2: At what time can students go back home? How students go back home after school? A: Classes begin at 7:30 o’clock, and finish at 16:30 o’clock; 11:40 to 12:50 is midday rest. In addition, the graduating students in our go back home relatively late, other graders are usually able to leave school before 16:45 o’clock. Our students’ families are closer, walk home after school usually the main way, about 60% students go back on foot, in addition, about 20% of the students go home by private car, and their parents go to take them every day. 10% students choose to take "sons car" go home, the other 10% of the students, mainly by bus, cycling or take a taxi to go home. Now students take the bus can enjoy half the price. Q3: How is the status of traffic near the school? Whether the accident occurred near school? A: Our school is divided into the Yellow River School Department and the Xinheng School Department, two school departments about 1 km apart. Yellow River school, which is located along the Yellow River Road, No. 117, under normal circumstances there is less traffic, but when there are activities, which organized in the sports stadium nearby the road traffic volume, will increase dramatically. Traffic on the Red flag street and Nanzhi street which located near the school is crowded, when class is over, police officer usually come to help maintain the traffic order; Xinheng School department is close to Xinheng Newtown, there is a flyover 150m away from the school gate, the traffic there is less too, and traffic police also come to help maintain traffic order after school. In addition, the average rate of traffic accident is about one per two or three years. Q4: For Harbin smart transportation system improvement project design, from the perspective of schools and students, do you have any suggestions? A: I think this project is very good, and we all welcome and support it. When construction the project, we hope: First, you can set the traffic light which has “special button" near the school gate, especially the Yellow River school Department, in order to protect our students to cross the Yellow River Road and other roads; Second, now there are 209

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Road, 201 Road, 53 Road, 116 Road four bus lines near school, I suggest that these lines can be more reasonable so that teachers and students can take bus more conveniently; Finally, when construct the road, I hope the noise can be controlled in the normal range, and because summer is very hot and window must be open, in order to avoid noise pollution during the school teaching, I suggest the construction can be done during spring and autumn.

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Annex 10 Interview Location: Harbin Hongqiao first primary School

Interview Time: 14:00 on March 22, 2013 Interviewee: Wu Changqing principal Interview: Q1: Please provide the number of students, students’ travel characteristics and other conditions on the basic situation of the school to be a simple introduction. A: There are 2442 pupils in our school. According to the City Board of Education, school children must go to the nearest school, so our students mainly from the New Year demonstration community and Red flag community. It should be noted that, our school completed in 1997, and school site located entirely within the Red flag community, coupled with the district placed a lot of squatters, so our school has a large number of students, but also because communities are close to the school, community residents often assistant and intervene students management. Q2: For students’ travel safety, do you have any traffic demand for Harbin smart transportation system? A: Our demand concentrate in three channels and two traffic lights near our school, and also our need for these two public transport facilities is urgent. However, since our students are young, and they usually walk home or by private car transfer, so the transport needs of our students is relatively small, for buses, bus priority channel the demand degree is relatively weak.

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Annex 11 Interview Location: Harbin Huaxing Primary School

Interview Time: 16:00 on March 22, 2013 Interviewee: Principal Zhang Interview: Q1: What is your school time? A: Our school’s morning class time is 7:30 o’clock, class is over at 16:10 o’clock, lunchtime is 11:45-12:55 noon, this time about 33% of the students choose to go home to have lunch. After school traffic police help to maintain school traffic order. Q2: Huaxing Primary School’s school district covers which communities? A: According to the District Education’s Area division, our school district consists principally of Iron tile community, ABC community, Chunming community and Educate community, they both near Huaxing community. Q3: How many students are there in Huaxing Primary School? Do you have school bus? A: Our school has more than 600 students, most students' families are near the school, students usually go home on foot, so school do not have school bus. The number of students who need to take transportation is about 100 people, they mainly take bus, ”sons car” and private car. Q4: Which bus stations are near the school? For priority corridor upgrades on Railway Street, do you have any suggestions and requirements? A: There is railway Street bus station 200m away from our school gate; Gongda bus station is also near here. Our school is now located in the old Railway Street, the street is now a secondary street for railway street, traffic is not large, but there always many large long-distance buses park in the long distance bus station, which is near our school gate , hindering the students' travel. Therefore, the new smart transportation system project construction and operation should strengthen the traffic management around school, to create a good traffic environment.

Annex 12 Committee on Aging Symposium

A, Time: 9:30 am March 22, 2013 B, Place: Harbin Committee on Aging Conference Room, 3rd Floor C, The participants: Harbin Committee on Aging defenders office Director Shen, Director Zong and 13 old people. D, The old people’s questions and suggestions (a) Problems for bus station 1, The bus stations are too concentrated, it is easy to cause travel chaos, it is recommended to consider the site location setting problem, widening the distance

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between stations; 2, Some of the bus station has no rainproof facility, no stool, causing inconvenience to the waiting people, I hope the new station can be more suitable, you can add some handrails in the station, to facilitate the elderly to get off the ground, simultaneously propose to set some anti-skid material around the station; 3, Some ground of the station is not smooth, so people propose to strengthen the maintenance, keep the ground facilitate passengers to get on and off; 4, Some bus stations set unreasonable, two sides of the street signs are not correspond, even a one station difference, such as 16, 72, 55 Road, it is recommended to set a reasonable stop sign, to facilitate commuters to find; 5, Advice to use new materials to ensure temperature of the station at about zero degrees; 6, The level of the ground of station should be same as the bus, so that it can be convenient for the elderly and disabled to get on the bus; 7, Buses of each line park at the station should have a certain distance to each other to prevent the station is occupied and crowed; 8, Set fence at the station, which can keep passengers get on or off the bus orderly, and also can let the elderly get on or off the bus easily; 9,To design the bus station as semi-closed, so that it can prevent the waiting passengers from cold; 10, Set camera at the station, convenient dispatcher to understand the situation, and help dispatcher to manage bus drivers; 11, The train station need a lot of buses, but there is no bus station, and the road there is slippery, propose to increase capital investment to build bus stations near the train station, and set anti-skid material there; 12, The distance of Nanzhi bus stations is too far, it is recommended to shorten the distance. (b) Routing Problem 1,Many buses turn at the 102 Road terminal station turn, the station is crowded, it is recommended to extend the route to the power plant or Anton bridge, which can solve the congestion phenomenon, but also solve the ride issues of rural workers who come from the cogeneration; 2, More and more go to the Harbin West train station, but there are a lot of buses could not reach there, the suggestion is to extend bus lines to Harbin West train station, to form transport network; 3,18 road route is too short, some waste, proposing to extend the route; 4, Zhujiang New bus station is very beautiful, but only two buses pass by there, so construction of that station is a little waste, it is recommended to re-plan bus route. (c) Bus problem 1, Many of the bus steps are too high, such as the 51 Road, 82 Road, the old man get on the bus difficultly, we recommend purchasing the bus which has suitable step height; 2, There appeared a vehicle traveling on the road broken down, propose bus replacement or repair timely; 3, The bus is not air-conditioned car, it is too cold in winter, we recommend purchasing

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air-conditioned car. (d) Old People Card Problems 1, Advice that people 60 years or older from other city to come to Harbin can also enjoy preferential policies by their identity card; 2,Advice that change 70-year-old to enjoy preferential policies to the age of 60; 3, Suburban buses and some bus routes can not use older cards, such as 340 Road, 369 Road, 363 Road, 337 Road, suggest that implement equal treatment of all buses. (e) Scheduling problem 1, The utilization of buses is not high, such as 201 road, the grid is not timely, the bus on road is full of passengers, very crowded, but there are many empty buses parking at the finish line station, we recommend to monitor this phenomenon, arrange buses timely and reasonably; 2, Advice to direct and maintain order at the bus stations when the rush hour. (f) Advocacy issues 1, Some bus lines have been increased or cut short, but haven’t been showed on the signs, such as 28, 68, hopes to change the stop sign relevant and timely to facilitate passengers travel; 2, Suggest to increase advocacy power, update the roadmap of bus station regularly; 3, Suggest to change the advertisement on the both sides of roads to roadmap to facilitate commuters to find routes. (g) Bus driver management issues 1, Suggest bus driver start or stop the car with slow speed, it will be easy for the elderly to take bus; 2, There are many old people at the Botanical Garden, but most bus drivers do not stop to take them, we recommend that relevant departments can manage; 3, The treatment of bus driver is too low, and the responsibility for them is great, drivers are responsible for accidents, the bus team will not pay for the accidents, so no one want to be the bus driver, and the number of bus driver is less and less, the attitude of driver is bad. So I hope that the treatment of bus driver can be raise, and establish the responsibility system, strengthen training and management to bus drivers; 4,369 road buses are private buses, charges of it is different, hope relevant departments to identify and implement standardized charges. (8) Terminal station building problem 1, There is no public toilets at the terminal station, and it is not convenient for the drivers suggest to strengthen the terminal building; 2, The number of bus garages is less, and it is not convenient for bus drivers to warm their buses, suggest to create of underground garages. (9)Information system problems 1, Some road lights set unreasonable length of time, such as Dianta Street to the Sanhe Road ,the lights lasted six minutes, leading the team too long, blocking traffic; lights time of Sandadongli Street is too short, it is not enough for people to pass through, especially for the elderly; 2,There has been set smart electronic bus information screen at Zhongshan Road (108 Lu)and the museum, but the display does not have the actual application as they said

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before building those features, only some ads, and the intelligence electronic bus information at museum station block line of sight, so I hope that this cold weather smart transportation system construction project can be taken to avoid this phenomenon; 3, Some places in Harbin have been set “crossing traffic light priority “button, but the buttons are mostly useless, hope that such phenomena will not appear, and rlevant departments can strengthen maintenance after a good building. (10) other road problems 1,Overpasses are slippery, and stairs are too steep, it is inconvenient for old people to walk, recommend set anti-skid material on the overpasses, or put on carpet, and decrease the step height, set some handrails on the overpass, and clear snow timely; 2, Gogol Street is too smooth, very inconvenient to walk in winter and the rainy season, suggest to put on anti-skid material; 3, There are too many vehicles on the sidewalk, it is very dangerous for the elderly and children to walk there, we recommend that authorities introduce measures to make reasonable arrangements and management.

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Annex 13 Harbin Daoli District Disabled discussion

Time: March 28, 2013 Location: Harbin Daoli District Government 1st Floor East Conference Room Discussion persons: City CDPF Commissioner Hong, Daoli District CDPF Chief Lei, Chairman and the disabled from district physical disability associations, Association for the Blind and Deaf Association. Discussion content: 1 Daoli District CDPF Chief Lei

Lei is a physically disabled person, in today's discussion, Lei said that some of the current city buses steps are still high, the number of steps is still more, the door armrests can’t meet needs of persons with disabilities to get on and off the bus, many buses even have no armrests, so I hope this loan program can purchase in the bus which has low steps and convenient for wheelchair disabled to get on and off the bus.

Second, the current city bus station voice prompts widespread non-standard, show too early or too late, and subtitles article is not clear, which are not conducive to the blind and the deaf community to take bus, so I hope the new project after an operation aspects can improve these deficiencies, the other set auxiliary systems accessible in the bus and around the bus station to help the blind and deaf take bus. In addition, for physically disabled persons currently in Harbin travel up group is 3,4-level groups of physically disabled, so I hope provincial laws and regulations can let these people travel free or half-fare, rather than just cover the 1,2-level group with severe physical disabilities to enable farmer-friendly policy to the letter.

Another point, the setting of seats in the bus is not reasonable, which is mainly manifested in the latter part of the vehicle seat position is too high, it is not conducive to sit for physically disabled, the Harbin Polytechnic University subway station accessibility is also too high, and direct impact on people with disabilities to travel by wheelchair, relevant departments said it is the "water needs", for that reason it seem too far-fetched. For physically disabled persons on wheelchairs travel, it also hopes to use the slope at the bus station instead of stairs.

A final note is that the traffic lights now have no voice prompts, such as "green light now, please access", so there is a huge traffic risk for the blind to cross the road, exacerbated by individual trunk roads too wide, private vehicles vie to go, no "safe Green Island" and other factors, to further increase this risk. 2 Blind Association Vice-Chairman

Daoli District Blind Association Vice Chairman is also a blind, he think that the current songs which are played in the bus is louder than the arriving prompt voice, so the measure of voice prompt in Harbin bus operations requires further strengthened; he also noted that when the blind man across the lines of communication, they can’t see the time displayed on traffic signs, and taxis, private cars and other vehicles often vie to go, it is also extremely unsafe for blind. Based on this, he hoped the project can set monitoring probes at bus stations to help blind go across the road, in order to reduce the incidence of crime; secondly, hoped to install speaker, through voice to prompt blind to

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cross the road; Third, establish a good bus stop announcement system to facilitate blind to keep abreast of the situation of the bus, and avoid the phenomena of getting off early and lose way. 3 Deaf Representatives

Three types of disabilities attend the meeting; the impact of imperfect public transportation to the deaf is weak. According to City Association of the Deaf Chairman and District Association of the Deaf Vice Chairman reported, it is important to improve the subtitles stop announcement system, and this also applies to long-distance passenger vehicles; Second, to improve the car heater system; Third, the individual sections of the bus stops close to the traffic lights, bus starts after the red light, although still docked at the station, but passengers can’t get on the bus are because the bus has already been started, so I hope you can improve the quality of the driver.

At the end of the discussion, Lei represented persons with disabilities supplementary views. Lei believes that the reason why citizen including persons with disabilities choose to walk across the road straightly, instead of go through the overpass is not convenient, so the city's overpass type of facility utilization is only about 30%. Based on this, Lei considered in the project construction process, for three bus priority corridors along the overpass, underground underpass, etc. should be built into a closed passage, and install electricity escalator or lift at the place where disabled people often pass by, and install ventilation, drainage facilities, and strengthen management, in order to truly serve the persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups in the cold climatic conditions. A final note is that Harbin individual bus lines still exist with receiving ticket for blind, for the current "admit certificate, does not admit blind" issue, the District CDPF hope smart transportation projects in the construction can draw on 70 years of age or and disabled veterans and other travel modes apply for the blind community free pass, and to enhance the driver's legal advocacy and education to ensure that the legal requirements to the letter.

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Annex 14 Harbin Low-income groups forum

A, Time: 1:30 pm，March 25, 2013 B, Place: Harbin Daoli District Fushun Street Office (Anhe Street, 25) C, The participants: Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau Chief Zhang, Chief of Fushun street Office Qu, low in-come representatives ,Social Assessment Team D, The meeting content: 1, Chief Qu introduced the Social Assessment Team, and the standard of aid for low in-come groups in Harbin, the calculation of the amount of subsidies, utilities and other types of aid; 2, Teacher Dong from the Social Assessment Team introduced the Harbin cold weather smart transportation system project content, project organizational units, project funding application process and the purpose of the social assessment and the problem need to discuss in this forum; 3, Low in-come representatives express their views and opinions. E, Low in-come representatives raise problems and suggestions 1, LIANG Yuyuan is a company employee, but her income is low, she thinks Harbin taxi rejection is serious, it is difficult to take a taxi, so Harbin Smart transportation project is a good project, which will bring a lot of convenience for the people . At the same time, taking into that the age of 70 or older go out less, she hopes that the age limit in the policy can be lowered to 65 years, so that policy can be more humane. 2, Ma Shujie is a temporary, from her home to the nearest bus station (that is "the last mile"), about 3 to 5 minutes walk away, in order to save money, she walk to work every day, she hopes the Government can give preferential policy for low-income group to take bus. According to the statement, her monthly bus ride costs about 60 yuan, after completing the new smart transportation project, she do not hope bus tickets increase, 1 to 2 yuan / person • times is the acceptable range. 3, Zhao Haibin is a cobbler, mutilated two, he feels it is very difficult to go on and off the flyover, he hope the relevant departments lower step height of each section in the construction of flyovers, or set the disabled channels such as the disabled lift bridge etc., and manage the disabled facilities; purchase buses with low step height. 4, He Qingchun’s son is disabled, she suggested to set the special seats for the disabled to wait buses at the bus stations, and the seats must be indicated “using for disabled”, so that can be convenient for disabled to wait. She also hopes to build semi-enclosed warm bus station. 5, Intense problems discussed in the forum include: 1) 1 to 2 yuan / person • times of the bus fee is is not a small sum of money for the low income group, buying a travel card can only deals 0.1 yuan per time, while the purchase of bus cards itself is 15 yuan or 30 yuan, so low-income group hope Harbin City can provide more preferential policies for them to take buses to reduce their financial burden; 2) as the alpine city, many old people wish the bus to be warm, and the floor in the bus to be not so slippery, in addition, the phenomenon of buses arriving late or come together in winter should also be improved.

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Annex 15 Harbin City Women's Symposium

A, Time: 9:00 am, March 26, 2013 B, Place: Daowai District Government C, The participants: Daowai District Women's Federation President Zhang Fengxiang, Vice President Xu Fengling, 11 women representatives, Social Assessment Team. D, The meeting content: (a), President Zhang introduced the Social Assessment Team, and the purpose of this forum; (b), Teacher Dong from Social Assessment Team introduced the Harbin acold weather smart transportation project, introduced the World Bank to everyone; (c), Women's views: 1, Chairman Yin from the Street office said after listening the introduction of the whole project, she felt the project is very systematic and comprehensive. Daowai district involves Red Flag Street, carrying a lot of traffic, along the street are commercial, schools, hospitals, logistics and Red Flag furniture city, the further optimize of the road will be conductive to the development of the street economy. Meanwhile, the woman has now become the main force of national economic construction, but also carries important family functions, family children schooling, medical care will also be convenient and improved with the public transport system consummation, and also facilitate women to join in the society. Yin said the number of bus garage in Harbin is now less, many drivers get up at 3or4 o'clock in the morning to warm buses, and sometimes also need to warm buses at midnight, the construction of the underground garage can guarantee the driver's schedule, but also can extend the vehicle’s life. In addition, Yin also mentioned the development of the road can not only promote economic development, but also can promote the development of spiritual civilization, for example, if the station set video surveillance facilities, we can reduce theft. Finally Yin said that she hoped the project could be early implemented. 2, Wei Lin, deputy secretary of the Locomotive company, said Harbin is a River City, people in River City has some river feelings, so she hoped the Red flag Street can get through to the river, both to facilitate the people of Harbin to the river to play, also make Red flag Street to be a north-south artery of Harbin, and it will be important to the connection of Harbin entire furniture industry and logistics industry. Wei thinks that Harbin cold weather smart transportation project has depth, smart and she endorsed high-tech, and she endorsed the Government decision, and she was very pleased that the project can take into account the needs of women. But she also put forward some hope on the project, first, she hoped the project after applying to loan funds to conduct a strict budget, not a waste of money, to ensure that public funds used; second, she hoped that relevant departments to carry out the entire project implementation strict supervision to ensure the quality of projects; third,after completion of the project, orderly management is very important, only the well management can keep up with the pace of technological progress. Finally Wei also expressed the hope that the project can be

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implemented as soon as possible. 3, Vice president of Hongguang Boiler Group Xu Yan said some problems and needs for women, and put forward some suggestions to the project. First, she mentioned women ‘s sense of direction is not strong, it is good to provide women with a clear road conductor. The second point, the peak in the bus, men and women crowded together to get on the bus, sometimes it may affect the dignity of women, especially in summer, so she hopes the bus will give the elderly, children and women with special door; Third, there are no toilets along the way buses pass by or at transfer station, she hoped to set up more and more public toilets, and ladies room should be more than the men's room; Fourth, a number of buses park at bus station, it is not easy to get on and off, so she asked to mark on the ground which bus can park here, arrange different bus parking spaces for different routes of buses, this can improve the efficiency of getting on and off; Fifth point, she hoped to separate buses and private cars traveling, to set up system constraints. 4, Harbin Tent Co., Ltd. Chairman Zhang Aihua said half of the year in Harbin is winter, which makes life cost and the production cost very high, the project will reduce the residents’s financial burden. Meanwhile, as the fourteenth session of the National People's Congress, she was slightly worried about the $ 100 million repayment, she repeatedly stressed that the Government will implement the project, there must be a strict bidding, strict supervision, otherwise they would not give people bring benefits, but will give people a burden. 5, Community Director Yang Xiukui said roads in Harbin are very slippery in winter, walking on the roads is not convenient; she hoped to use the underground grid fever to melt the snow on the roads. 6, Community Director Dai Yunan wanted to set up special seats at the bus stations for the elderly and children to wait for the bus. 7, Community Director Ma Lihua said 111Road Station has been set up electronic information devices, but winter in Harbin is very cold, electronic equipment at low temperatures will fail, so she hoped when purchase of electronic equipment must consider whether the equipment can defend cold, to ensure the life of electronic devices. 8, Street Office Director Ning Shengjie said she was very interested in the "smart", because women’s sense of direction is not strong, intelligent information systems can provide an effective route for women. In addition, she also stressed that electronic information equipment must defend cold. She also said the pre-planning of project must be meticulous, thoughtful. 9, District Women's Federation President Zhang Fengxiang said that the project is very good, she hoped for an early implementation. She also raised a number of questions and suggestions. First, in the procurement of buses must be sure to select the bus,

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which can provide warm. Second, the road is very slippery and snowy in winter, so when build the road not only to consider the aesthetic, but also non-slip, the roads must be practical. Third, some of the existing bridges have already used a grid snowmelt; these snowmelt measures can be generalized to bus stations, and even extended to the bus itself, to ensure waiting for buses, getting on the buses, as well as the floor of buses clean and not slippery. Fourth, the number of public toilets is too little; propose to build public toilets along the public transport hub. Fifth, set voice prompts devices at the traffic lights; use sound to tell whether people can cross the road, so blind can easily cross the road. Also she said the women tend live frugally, going out by bus will save travel costs, if the construction of smart transportation system is done, and women can be very beneficial.

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Annex 16 Harbin City Women's Forum 2

A, Time: 8:30 am, March 27, 2013 B, Place: Engineering Community C, The participants: Federation Ministers Gong Jianhong, twelve women representatives, Social Assessment Team. D, The meeting content: (a), Minister Gong introduced the Social Assessment Team, and the purpose of this forum; (b), Wang Binghong from the Social Assessment Team introduce the Harbin acold weather smart transportation project, and the World Bank; (c), Women's representative: 1, Zhao Daili, retired cadre of community

There is the phenomenon of Chinese-crossing-road in Harbin, people cross the road together when the traffic light is red, I hope you can take measures to allow residents to obey the traffic rules. In addition, it is important to improve the quality of people. Friendship Road, next to a Wal-Mart there is an electronic sign, public transportation information on it is very comprehensive and detailed, and very clear, it is recommended to set more such electronic signs.

Try not to spray the bus body advertising, if you must spray it, please ensure that all vehicles unity, so that the passengers look comfortably. Another problem, signs in front of the bus must be clear, and the words on the sign should be large enough, it is good to set the LED display on the windshield of the bus to show the bus number, so passengers will be able to see very far away from bus station.

Private car cannot be close to the bus stop, if that it will very likely to cause an accident, Zhao herself is on behalf of the victims, a decade ago that this has led to leg disability. 2, Song Xuemei, retired cadre of community

Many buses park at Jingwei 12 Street station, it is disorder there, sometimes multiple buses come together, and people need to run to take the bus, and sometimes even running will be late to catch the bus. Hope this problem can be solved. 3, Jiang Yunzhi , civil

Beijing airport intelligent information is very humane; the information is very detailed, which bring great convenience to people. Taking buses in Harbin has "four pain". First, “ waiting buses is painful " no intelligent Information message alert, you will do not know how long it takes until the bus come, and sometimes it will take 30-40 minutes to wait for a bus, it is very painful to wait buses in the winter, she has bought special shoes to keep warm, and if there is intelligent information tips, people can follow the prompts to select another route; Second, "taking bus is painful”. Every day peak, people in the bus is like a photo, she never carry a large bag on the bus, as will be crowd for others when you put the large bag around you, also will be stolen when you put it on the floor. What’s more, people

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can’t wear good shoes to take bus, because it will be stepped on; Third, "being late is painful", the longest time I waiting for the bus taken me two hours and ten minutes, and that was in winter, I was frozen, when I came home it was already eight o’clock, I feel taking bus every car is like a war; Fourth, "looking for station is painful", Harbin citizens are familiar with the fixed route, but when go out to have a trip on weekend, people often couldn’t find the way, and one-way streets is difficult to find the bus station, and frost is on the windows, many bus has no arriving report , it is very difficult for the local residents to find the destination, not to mention the foreign tourists. 4, Fu Beisi , Street Federation member

I do not take bus or take the bus less for 7-8 years; I take the bus occasionally in order to let my child to experience it. Buses are not recommended driving on the road, because the existing ground surface has insufficient carrying capacity, she said, from a long-term project design point of view, the project cannot be used only ten years after the completion then abandoned. Bus body must be unified, the number of the bus must be easy to see, and it is better to have the LED display, because if that passengers can see which bus is coming easily. To put less car ads in the bus, and roadmap should be set up at some more different locations in the bus, it will be convenient for passengers sitting in different positions to find, but the direction must be clear. Famous attractions can also be indicated in the roadmap. Northern Bus necessarily have to be air-conditioned, because winter is cold and the window of the bus can’t be open, so the it is very easy to be infected cold when people taking a bus, air-conditioned bus can be warm, and also can guarantee the quality of air inside the bus. Electronic information products can be made into solar energy. 5, Zhang Shu, Department of Education member

Although private car owners have cars, they still willing to take the bus, because there are also driving problems and parking difficulties for private car owners. This project is very good, but in order to serve people well you must go into the basic level to study, the money must be used when it is necessary needed, we must first solve the "getting on the bus" issue. Also speaking from the details, each station can not be built too near, let the different routes of the buses park at different place. Private car parking place must be marked clearly, and the police charges must be clear, publicity departments should be well done. 6, Lu Lina, teacher

Now why so many private cars? A large part of which is to pick up the child from school. When school time, they’re many private cars at Jihong Elementary School and other big schools gate, and roads are full of parking cars, causing serious jams. And why parents choose private car to pick up their children, because it will be unsure when to arrive at schools if students choose to take buses. Schools require students arrive school at 7:40, if the bus could not come, will cause the children to be late to school. Some children who take the bus to stagger the morning rush hour, they go out at 6:00, less than 7:00 they can arrive at school, it is hard for the children to get up early, but also students arrive at school early will bring bad impact to the school administration. I

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suggest that whether can set students buses after 4:30 pm and before 7:20. There are many schools along the Friendship Road, and the road is very wide, cars always drive very fast there, so whether can set deceleration zone at the school gate, to ensure the safety of students. When in winner the floor of the bus and the place under the sidewalk at the bus stop have a large area of ice, many elderly people will fall there, it is very dangerous, and suggest taking steps to make these places promptly melting ice, to ensure the safety of pedestrians. 7, Wang Jialin, community worker

102 and 103 road has some new buses, she is 1 meter 70 high, and it is not convenient for her to grip beams, not to mention other sawed people. It is recommended that when procurement buses must be thoughtful, to facilitate passengers to take. Many times arrive at strange places, I do not know which direction to travel, I must go back and forth on both sides of the road to find the bus stop I need. whether can set the stop sign at the crossing to tell the passengers on this side if there is a bus they need, so that passengers do not need to go back and forth along the road on both sides of the roads to look for the bus station. 8, Shao Hong, community worker

People from other place come to here often carry a large luggage to take bus, and the luggage will occupy a large place, whether can set a special place under the bus to lay luggage.

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Annex 17 Heilongjiang Flying Wing Transportation Company Interview

Time: 14:30,March 27, 2013 Location: Harbin Flying Wing Transportation Company, 3rd Floor Office Discussion by: Manager Xiao Gang (13945676568) Discussion content:

According to Li's introduction, Heilongjiang Flying Wing Transportation is the largest private bus company in Harbin, the company has 402 buses in operating, including 18 buses which has not been coded city public transport operators, the company has 64, 66 Road and so on, has a total of 10 bus routes, in charge of 10 bus teams, the average daily passenger transport up to 30 million people. In the winter holiday season, due to the decrease of students, migrant workers and other reasons, the number of passengers decreases; Together with managers, the company has 720 employees, of which the number of first line of the bus drivers which in the membership is 523. In the year 2012 company annual gross operating income reached 3,000 million yuan, as private companies, bus operator can only enjoy fuel subsidies, according to the company accounting in year 2012, operating costs per capita is 1.1 yuan, 1 yuan per passenger (only 218 Road fares 2 yuan) in recent years, makes the company deficit. For example, the company repairs all types of vehicles and parts replacement need a lot of money, annual spending for such logistical support can reach more than 300 million.

In 2012, the company appeared the phenomenon that former employees of the company applying for a job again, this phenomenon partly because the company first line driver attendance (work two days and have a day rest) wage has risen above 4,000 yuan / month, maintenance workers and cleaning staff attendance monthly wages (hourly basis) rose from 3000 to 3500 yuan; other reason is that nearly two years the Harbin city freight logistics market is downturn. The company's proportion of female drivers is only around 2%, which may be associated with the workers here need to work 12 hours a day or so.

In the accident, due to the slippery toads in winter and other reasons, in recent years, all kinds of traffic accidents occurred an average of 200 per year in our company, from the responsible for that accident, to ensure that employees can work without distraction. The company tends to bear 80% to 90% of the liability, and during the winter, the ratio will reach 100%.

The company has 402 operating buses, which can be divided into low, medium and high-end 3 types, high-end buses are 218 Road, each "naked bus"23 price is at 430,000 yuan; "naked bus" for 64 Road, 66 Road, 82 Road, 91 Road, 94 Road and the 369 bus price at about 200,000 yuan, belonging to the low-end type buses; buses for 68 Road and 86 Road and other roads belong to the client type buses, each "naked car" average price is about 350,000 yuan. The company natural gas buses and diesel buses

23"Naked car" means the bus just be removed from the bus manufacturers, and have not go

through any operator formalities.

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ownership ratio is about 2:1. Also to be noted is that our company now using more than 400 buses which have GPS system, and more this bus system is "replacement" 24device, the system not only takes a lot of power, but also just has the function of arriving report, and has not yet realize remote command and control functions.

In the bus operator punctuality rate and complaints, subject to traffic congestion and winter snow, punctuality rate of our buses is currently difficult to guarantee, the company benefits also affected by the delays; Addition, the company set up a special telephone for complaints, the number is 88001886, and there are the bus team captains’ phone numbers inside and outside the buses, to prepare for all kinds of bus passengers at any time reflects the problem.

Finally, in the building of bus lane, Li hopes the bus priority corridors should be designed to the inside ways, and learn from Jinan bay bus station and other areas of construction experience, implement the "bus priority, bus rapid transit " decision as soon as possible, and we hope to increase the punishment of " going when the traffic is red " and " private car parking in the bus station ".

24 "Replacement" refers to the acquisition, maintenance and repair costs of GPS system are

incurred by the advertising cost of GPS system.

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Annex 18 Heilongjiang Longyun Modern Limited (Taxi) Interview

Time: 8:00 o’clock, March 29, 2013 Location: Office of Heilongjiang Longyun Modern Limited Interview by: Wan Xiao Ling, manager Interview:

Manager Wan Xiaoling introduced the basic situation of the taxi company. There are currently over 15,200 taxies in Harbin, belonging to the city's 44 taxi companies. Taxi industry's direct administrative supervision department is Harbin City Department of Transportation Taxi Transportation Management Office. There are 1,000 taxies in Longyun Modern Limited, and there are more than 1,870 taxi drivers. In 2010, in 2010 the company was established in response to the call of government, just two years after the establishment, our company become the most complete and largest "public take public "taxi operating company of the city, now gas instead of oil workshops, gas stations etc. which equipped in our company are up to industry standards. Administrative department for industry, regulatory co-operation with the company, at present taxi management office has been built, and it includes daily performance of taxi drivers management, taxi drivers blacklist building, integrity status for regulatory information management system, and according to the requirements of each taxi company, taxi management office will also provide the taxi company with the system registry ports to truly promote the industry management departments and enterprises interact and contact.

To the relationship between the company and Harbin smart public transportation construction projects, the manager thinks, bus priority corridors construction projects is the most closely contact to the company’s operating sub-project construction system, because on the one hand existing bus priority lanes in Harbin allow taxi operation use, on the other hand is that existing roads in Harbin is widespread that when the weather become warmer the roads will be “pumping”, that is used in winter in May or June, Harbin urban pavement will crack and damage, so the manager hopes that the construction of three bus corridors can be constructed intensify, and can adapt to the cold climate.

In addition, according to the present situation of taxi operation, manager Wan thinks that it is necessary to construct taxi transfer points along the busy streets and pedestrian crossing, on the construction specifications, she hopes the transfer points can be about 30 meters away from a bus; In terms of overpasses and public transportation infrastructure project, it is necessary to improve the number of it; For intelligent building, she thinks the current paying way which through the brush bus IC card to pay for the taxi service fee assumption is not operable in Harbin, on the one hand because of the existing vehicle system, it is difficult to identify bus IC card, on the other hand, install POS card machine in the taxi is difficult to implement.

Finally, manager Wan also hopes the Harbin cold weather smart transport system construction project can combine taxi companies, public transport smart dispatching system and enterprise information management system. For city signal management

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system, the manager suggested that in the cold city like Harbin, don’t cancel the yellow light and seconds reading machine, to eliminate the traffic accidents which cause by the icy roads, and she hopes to increase the number of road light on the prosperous area.

social assessment report of harbin cold weather smart ...€¦ · 2 socioeconomic profile of the...

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