SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SUBMITTED BY :

RASHMI.R

SOCIAL DEVELOPEMENTDefinition: Commitment that develops processes need

to benefit people, particularly but not only the poor, but also a recognition that people, and the way they

interact in groups and society, and the norms that facilitates such interaction, shape development

processes.

Agents of socialization Family Schools Day Care Peer group

Mass Media

COMPONENTS OF MASS MEDIA

Television Computers Newspaper Magazines

TELEVISION Exposure to television is universal in all

industrialized countries. Nearly all homes have at least one television

set. Time spent watching television in developed

nations and developing nations are similar. Television could be a powerful, cost-effective

means of strengthening cognitive, emotional and social development.

TELEVISION AND SOCIAL LEARNING

AGRESSION: According to large scale survey, 57 percent of American TV programs between 6 am and 11 pm contain violent scenes. The typical American child finishing elementary school has seen 8,000 murders and more than 10,000 other violent acts on TV. Reviewers of thousands of studies have concluded that television violence increases the likelihood of hostile thoughts and emotional and of verbally and aggressive behavior.

Popular TV shows watched by teenagers.

Relationship between boys violent television at age of 8 and seriousness

of criminal convictions at age of 30

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Furthermore, television violence hardens children to aggression, after just a few exposures, viewers habituate, responding with a reduced arousal to real-world instances and tolerating more aggression in others .

The television industry has contested these findings, claiming that they are weak. But co-relation between media and aggression is as high as the co-relation between smoking and lung cancer.

ETHNIC AND GENDER STEREOTYPES: Educational programming for children is sensitive to issues like equality and diversity, commercial entertainment shows conveys ethnic and gender stereotypes. African Americans and other ethnic minorities are under respected. Whenever these minorities do appear they are portrayed as domestic workers and unskilled labors. Gender stereotypes are especially prevalent in cartoons. TV viewing is linked to children’s gender stereotype biases. Positive portrayal of women and minorities lead to favorable views.

CONSUMERISM: The marketing industry aimed at selling products to youth – toys, games, food clothing and a host of other items. It has exploded and tripling in corporation expenditures during the past decade, including funds devoted to TV advertising. On average, US children watch 40,000 TV commercials per year, Canadian children 23,000. By age of 3, children can distinguish between a regular advertisement and a programme by it’s loudness, fast paced action and sound effects.

COMPUTERS AND SOCIAL LEARNING Children and adolescence spend much time using home computers for entertainment

purposes. Games are popular pursuits specially among boys surfing the web and communicating electronically with friends

rise sharply in adolescence. Teenagers prefer immediacy and of instant messaging which

accounts one fourth of recreational computer time for boys and nearly one third for girls.

Computer Games: Most computer games emphasize speed and action and violent plots in which children advance by shooting at and evading the enemy. Children also play more complex adventure games. Generally with themes of conquest and aggression. They greatly enjoy simulation games that involves entering virtual reality and role play characters.

Assassin's creed is one of the most popular computer games.

INTERNET AND COMMUNICATION: Using computers to communicate is a popular activity among adolescents. Instant messaging teenagers’ preferred means of online interaction seems to support friendship closeness. Young people’s specialized jargon or cyber slang, developed to facilitate communication and protect its privacy has become a familiar part of popular culture. As amount of IM messaging increased, so did the young people perception of intimacy in relationship.

Besides communicating with friends they know, adolescence frequently use the internet to meet new people. As a part of their striving for autonomy and identity they end up relationship in cyber space as it is appealing and opens a various of alternatives.

SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE DEFINITION:The capacity to know oneself and to know others is an inalienable a part of the human condition as is the capacity to know objects or sounds, and it deserves to be investigated no less than these other "less charged" forms Howard Gardner (1983)

THE PSYCHOMETRIC VIEW The psychometric view of social intelligence has its origins E.L. Thorndike's (1920). Division of intelligence into three facets, 1)Pertaining to the ability to understand and manage ideas (abstract intelligence). 2)Concrete objects (mechanical intelligence).3)People (social intelligence). In his classic formulation: "By social intelligence is meant the ability to understand and manage men and women, boys and girls -- to act wisely in human relations".

Similarly, Moss and Hunt (1927) defined social intelligence as the "ability to get along with others". Vernon (1933), provided the most wide-ranging definition of social intelligence as the person's "ability to get along with people in general, social technique or ease in society, knowledge of social matters, susceptibility to stimuli from other members of a group, as well as insight into the temporary moods or underlying personality traits of strangers.

MEASUREMENT OF SOCIAL INTELLIGENCEThe social intelligence quotient or SQ is a statistical abstraction similar to the ‘standard score’ approach used in IQ tests with a mean of 100. Scores of 140 or above are considered to be very high. Unlike the standard IQ test, it is not a fixed model. It leans more to Jean Piaget’s theory that intelligence is not a fixed attribute but a complex hierarchy of information-processing skills underlying an adaptive equilibrium between the individual and the environment. Therefore, an individual can change their SQ by altering their attitudes and behaviour in response to their complex social environment.

SQ has until recently been measured by techniques such as question and answer sessions. These sessions assess the person's pragmatic abilities to test eligibility in certain special education courses, however some tests have been developed to measure social intelligence.People with low SQ are more suited to work with low customer contact, because they may not have the required interpersonal communication and social skills for success on with customers. People with SQs over 120 are considered socially skilled, and may work well with jobs that involve direct contact and communication with other people

This test can be used when diagnosing autism spectrum disorders, including autism and Asperger syndrome. This test can also be used to check for some non-autistic or semi-autistic conditions such as semantic pragmatic disorder or SPD, schizophrenia, dyssemia and ADHD

DIFFERENT FROM INTELLIGENCE: Nicholas Humphrey points to a difference between intelligence and social intelligence. Some autistic children are extremely intelligent because they are very good at observing and memorising information, but they have low social intelligence. Similarly, chimpanzees are very adept at observation and memorisation, sometimes better than humans, but are, according to Humphrey, inept at handling interpersonal relationships. What they lack is a theory of other's minds.

For a long time, the field was dominated by behaviorism, that is, the theory that one could understand animals including humans just by observing their behavior and finding correlations. But recent theories indicate that one must consider the inner structure behaviour.

Both Nicholas Humphrey and Ross Honeywill believe that it is social intelligence, or the richness of our qualitative life, rather than our quantitative intelligence, that makes humans what they are; for example what it is like to be a human being living at the centre of the conscious present, surrounded by smells and tastes and feels and the sense of being an extraordinary metaphysical entity with properties which hardly seem to belong to the physical world. This is social intelligence

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