Social Dimension of Education

Sociological Dimensions-Consensus Theory

-Conflict Theory

Socio- Cultural

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Sociological Theory

• Theories guide research and policy formulation in the sociology of education

• They also provide logical explanations for why things happen the way they do.

• Theories help sociologist understand educational systems

• Educational theories change over time and (cultural) space.

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Sociological Theory

• Society has two faces (Dahrendorf; 1959,1968)

• Sociological Theory should be divided into 2 parts. Conflict Theory and Consensus Theory.

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Conflict Theory

• Emphasize the dominance of some social groups

• Social order as based on manipulation and control by dominant groups

• Social change is occurring rapidly in a disorderly fashion

• Subordinate groups overthrow dominant groups

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• Examines conflict of interest and the coercion that holds society

• Disagreement or clash between opposing sides, principles, or people

• It can be overt or covert conflict• Focuses on the heterogeneous nature of

society and the unequal distribution of political and social power.

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• Struggle between social classes• Asks how schools contribute to the

unequal distribution of people into jobs in society

• More powerful members of society maintain the best positions

• Less powerful group (women, racial and ethnic group) are allocated to lower ranks

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• Education plays a big part in maintaining the prestige, power, and economic and social position of dominant group in the society

• Social behavior is best understood in terms of conflict or tensions between competing groups.

• It needs not to be violent

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• Emergence of conflict and what causes conflict

• Conflict theory deals with the incompatible aspects of society and how they clash with one another

• Interested in how society institutions (family, gov’t religion, education and media) helps to maintain the privileges of some groups.

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Consensus Theory

• Sees shared norms and values as fundamentals to society

• Focuses on social order based on tacit agreements.

• Social change occurs in a slow and orderly fashion

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• Examines value integration in society• Absence of conflict as the equilibrium state• A collection of theories in which social

order and stability as the base of emphasis• Concerned with the maintenance or

continuation of social order in relation to norms, values, rules and etc.

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Social System

• Consist of plurality of individual actors interacting with each other with at least physical or environmental aspect.

• Social system copes with the integration of function by controlling its component parts.

• Cultural system performs the latency function by providing the norms and values that motivates them for action.

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Socio- Cultural

• Is a policy that emphasizes the unique characteristics of different cultures, especially as they relate one another in receiving nations.

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Advantages of Socio-Cultural

Lead cultural exchangesAdd variety in the life of all citizensBridges the chasm of ignorance and ar

rogance

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Lead Cultural ExchangesBACK

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Add variety in the life of all Citizens

BACK

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Bridges the Chasm of Ignorance and Arrogance

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Multicultural Education

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Socio-Cultural Education

• Field of study and an emerging discipline whose major aim is to create equal educational opportunities from racial, ethnic, social class and cultural groups

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Multicultural Education

• Is a progressive approach for transforming education that holistically critiques and addresses current shortcomings, failings and discriminatory practices in education.

Four Approaches in Achieving Multicultural

Education

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1. Contributions Approach

• The ethnic heroes and holidays are included in the curriculum.

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2. Additive Approach

A unit or course is incorporated but no substantial change is made to the curriculum as a whole

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3. Transformation Approach

• Students are taught to view events and issues from diverse ethnic and cultural perspectives.

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4. Social Action Approach

Students not only learn to view issues from multiple perspectives but also become directly involved in solving related problems.

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References/Sources

• Sociological Theories and the • Sociological Theories and the Education

System

By: Emmanuela M. Licayan

Educ 3• Cultural Changes (slideshare.com)• Multiculturalism (slideshare.com)