social forestry in indonesia
TRANSCRIPT
Topics
• FOREST LAND USE SYSTEM• BRIEF HISTORY OF SOCIAL
FORESTRY• TYPES OF SOCIAL FORESTRY• LICENSING PROCEDURES• PROGRESS OF SOCIAL FORESTRY• PRIVATE FORESTRY
I N D O N E S I A
Central Government
Provincial Government
District Government
President&
Ministers
Governors&
Provincial Offices
Bupati/City Mayors&
District OfficesGov
ernm
ent S
truc
ture
s
Status of Forest Based on Law
41/1999
State Forest Area
Managed By Government,
HPH,HTI
Allocated to Community
Forestry
Non State Forest Area
Private Forest
Customary Forest
Forest by Function (MoF, 2013)
Forests Land = 127 million haNon Forests Land = 62 million ha
2212%
3016%
2915%28
15%
1810%
6233%
Conservation Forest
Protection Forest
Permanent Production Forest
Limited Production Forest
Convertible Production Forest
Non Forest Land
Brief History of Social Forestry• Tumpangsari (taungnya) system• 1978 : World Forestry Congress II in Jakarta “Forest
For People”• 1980s : Community Forestry (HKm or Hutan
Kemasyarakatan)• 2003 : Revitalization of Community Forestry = Social
Forestry• Social Forestry Schemes:
Community Forest (Hutan Kemasyarakatan/HKm) Community Based Plantation Forest (Hutan
Tanaman Rakyat/HTR) Village Forest (Hutan Desa/HD) Private Forest (Hutan Rakyat/HR)
Stat
us o
f for
est B
ased
on
Law
41
/199
9
State Forest AreaAllocated for Community
Forestry
HKM Hutan Kemasyarakatan(Community Forestry)
Hutan Desa(Village Forest)
HTR (Hutan Tanaman Rakyat) Community Plantation Forest
Collaborative forest management : e.g. PHBM in Perhutani,
PMDH by HPH/HTI
Non State Forest Area
Hutan rakyat(Smallholder Private Forest)
Hutan Adat (Customary Forest)
Social Forestry under the State Forest HKm = Hutan
KemasyarakatanHD = Hutan Desa HTR = Hutan
Tanaman Rakyat
Regulation Permenhut No. P. 37/2007 jo Permenhut No. P. 52/2011
Permenhut No. P. 49/2008 jo Permenhut No. P. 53/2011
Permenhut No. P. 55/2011
Location Production Forest
Protected Forest
Production Forest
Protected Forest
Production Forest
Main activities
NTFP NTFP NTFP NTFP Timber
Timber (additional license)
Timber (additional license)
Commercial crops, food crops
Right duration 35 years and can be extendedRight holders Farmer Group Village Business
OrganizationIndividualCooperative
The process of licensing:
1. Allocation of forest area at national level, done by MoF
2. Proposal of Forest User Groups to Bupati
3. Proposal of Bupati to MoF to issue Working Area Designation
4. Working Area Designation by MoF5. Bupati issue the HKM License to
Community
Lampung
Aceh
East
Nusaten
ggara
West
Nusat
engg
ara
West
Kaliman
tan
Centra
l Sulaw
esi
Bengk
ulu
South Su
lawesi
east
Kaliman
tan
Yogy
akart
a
North Su
matera
South-Ea
st Su
lawesi Bali
-
5,000.00
10,000.00
15,000.00
20,000.00
25,000.00
30,000.00
35,000.00
29,555.64
15,647.00
11,336.83
8,509.19 6,165.00
3,129.55 1,762.75 1,579.00 1,400.00 1,238.15
200.00 160.00 150.00
Progress of HKM Area (MoF, 2013)
JambiBali
West KalimantanSouth SulawesiWest Sumatera
South SumateraSouth Kalimantan
East KalimantanCentral Sulawesi
0 5 10 15 20 25
22
7
6
3
2
1
1
1
1
JambiWest KalimantanSouth Sumatera
BaliWest Sumatera
East KalimantanSouth Sulawesi
South KalimantanCentral Sulawesi
- 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000
47,892
14,328
7,250
3,041
1,738
880
740
565
490
Progress of Hutan Desa (MoF, 2013)
Land allocation HTR Licence Planting area -
100,000.00
200,000.00
300,000.00
400,000.00
500,000.00
600,000.00
700,000.00
800,000.00
719,184.73
189,857.60
7,986.44
Progres of HTR program (MoF, 2014)
Hutan Rakyat (Smallholder timber plantations)
6
Practices of smallholder timber plantations
• Timber is planted mostly in agroforestry systems
• Timber plantations are mostly as additional source of income. Timber plays as household saving account.
• On harvesting, timber growers do slash for cash, they tend to be as price takers.
• Farmers investment in timber management generally are low.
• Timber produced from smallholder plantations is generally low in quality.
Value chain of smallholder timber
Individual
farmer
Farmer'sGroup
Informant
Middlemen
Sawmill
TimberDepot
Wood basedIndustry
Retailer Local Consumers
WoodWorkers
Exporter
Case of smallholder teak at Gunungkidul
End usersGrower Broker Processors Traders
Value chain of smallholder timber
No. Specification Gunung kidul
Pati Sumbawa Bulu kumba
Konawe Selatan
1 Wood species Teak Sengon Teak Teak; Bitti Teak
2 Price ranges:
a Farm gate, stumpage (Rp/m3)
850,000 400,000 800,000 800,000;650,000
No data
b Farm gate, squared plank, certified (Rp/m3)
- - - - 1,750,000
c Middlemen, log (Rp/m3)
2,500,000 675,000 - - -
d Middlemen, squared plank (Rp/m3)
- - 2,500,000 1,800,000 -
e Farmers group, squared plank, certified (Rp/m3)
1,650,000 500,000 - - 5.500,000
Illustration of smallholder’s log prices
Thank youLink ke video CBCF
