SOCIAL ILLS IN SOCIETYSOCIAL ILLS IN SOCIETY

THE FAILURE OF THE FAILURE OF MALAYSIAN MALAYSIAN

EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMEDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

IS DUE TOIS DUE TO

11STST SPEAKER SPEAKER

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

DEFINITIONDEFINITION Social Ills: Relating to activities that Social Ills: Relating to activities that

involve being with other people, bad or involve being with other people, bad or harmful.harmful.

Educational System: Relating to Educational System: Relating to education, giving people useful education, giving people useful knowledge, a set of connected things knowledge, a set of connected things that work together for a particular that work together for a particular purpose. purpose.

(Macmillan Dictionary)(Macmillan Dictionary)

Education: is to transmit a common set of Education: is to transmit a common set of beliefs, values, norms, understanding from beliefs, values, norms, understanding from the adult generation to its youths.the adult generation to its youths.

Islamic point of view : Education is a form Islamic point of view : Education is a form of worship (ibadah) where Muslims share of worship (ibadah) where Muslims share a common set of values based on the a common set of values based on the Quran and Sunnah.Quran and Sunnah.

PreviewPreview: : Malaysian Educational SystemMalaysian Educational System

HistoryHistory It was based on the English Educational system. It was based on the English Educational system.

Started during the British colonialism.Started during the British colonialism. After British era: revamp the colonial educational After British era: revamp the colonial educational

system.system. New education policy: lead by Tun Abdul Razak New education policy: lead by Tun Abdul Razak

(1(1stst Minister of Education) Minister of Education)

- - Razak’s Report 1956Razak’s Report 1956 – become the basis of – become the basis of education systemeducation system

Rahman Talib’s report Rahman Talib’s report Education act 1961, national language become a Education act 1961, national language become a

compulsory subject.compulsory subject.Tun Dr.MahathirTun Dr.Mahathir 1979, a report chaired by Tun Dr. Mahathir was 1979, a report chaired by Tun Dr. Mahathir was

finalized after a 6 year study.finalized after a 6 year study.

In 1995 and 1996In 1995 and 1996 Education act was amended to meet the Education act was amended to meet the

challenges in 21challenges in 21stst century. century. Pre-school education become part of formal Pre-school education become part of formal

education after the enactment of Education act in education after the enactment of Education act in 1996.1996.

National Education Philosophy National Education Philosophy (NEP)(NEP)

“ “ Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further developing the potential of towards further developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and integrated manner so as individuals in a holistic and integrated manner so as to produce individuals who are intellectually, to produce individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonious, based on a firm belief in and devotion harmonious, based on a firm belief in and devotion to God. Such an effort is designed to produce to God. Such an effort is designed to produce Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral standards, and competent, who possess high moral standards, and who are responsible and capable of achieving a high who are responsible and capable of achieving a high level of personal well-being, as well as being able to level of personal well-being, as well as being able to contribute to the betterment of the family, the contribute to the betterment of the family, the society and the nation at large.”society and the nation at large.”

Political ImpactPolitical Impact

Education: Has become a National interest.Education: Has become a National interest. Prime Minister is heading the effort at empirical Prime Minister is heading the effort at empirical

reform.reform. The aims of National Education has been The aims of National Education has been

challenged, corrupted and diverted by challenged, corrupted and diverted by Politicians.Politicians.

Divergence between National and Vernacular Divergence between National and Vernacular schools – use of Maths and Science in English.schools – use of Maths and Science in English.

Separation of interests between national and Separation of interests between national and religious schools.religious schools.

Increment in Tuition FeesIncrement in Tuition Fees

Education receives the highest budget Education receives the highest budget allocation of government expenditure, yet allocation of government expenditure, yet there’s still students who do not receive there’s still students who do not receive the incentives provided.the incentives provided.

This could cause to drop-outs, or lead to This could cause to drop-outs, or lead to social problems among the affected social problems among the affected students.students.

MOE should monitor the currency flow. MOE should monitor the currency flow.

22NDND SPEAKER SPEAKER

FailureFailure: : Moral Education doesn’t Moral Education doesn’t encourage good conductencourage good conduct

FACTORSFACTORS

• The assumptions that all teachers are The assumptions that all teachers are capable to teach Moral education. They capable to teach Moral education. They are using the concept “trial and error” in are using the concept “trial and error” in the teaching of Moral.the teaching of Moral.

(Wan (Wan Hasmah1993)Hasmah1993)

• Some students speculated that Some students speculated that ““Pendidikan MoralPendidikan Moral” is for non-Muslim ” is for non-Muslim students as a mere substitute for “students as a mere substitute for “Islamic Islamic KnowledgeKnowledge” for Muslim students” for Muslim students

A response from this issue:A response from this issue:

““Pendidikan MoralPendidikan Moral” is a WASTE of ” is a WASTE of TIME. In mind, maybe because the TIME. In mind, maybe because the Muslims had to take Islamic Studies, Muslims had to take Islamic Studies, they decided to give the others and they decided to give the others and extra subject to do. All the free time extra subject to do. All the free time could have been used to give more could have been used to give more time and thought to be more time and thought to be more important subject like physics or important subject like physics or biology.biology.

The Practical Imbalance of The The Practical Imbalance of The National Education PhilosophyNational Education Philosophy

Educational Dualism – modern subjects are Educational Dualism – modern subjects are based on the secular conceptual basis. based on the secular conceptual basis.

““The study of human and natural sciences still The study of human and natural sciences still focuses on acquiring knowledge and material utility focuses on acquiring knowledge and material utility and neglects social ends and moral values.” and neglects social ends and moral values.”

- Rosnani Hashim, - Rosnani Hashim, Educational Dualism in Malaysia ;Educational Dualism in Malaysia ;Implications for Theory and Practice, Implications for Theory and Practice,

The Other Press, Kuala Lumpur, 2004, p. 180The Other Press, Kuala Lumpur, 2004, p. 180

In sociology, for example in the In sociology, for example in the subject Civic and History, moral subject Civic and History, moral values fail to achieve the aims to values fail to achieve the aims to produce students who have high produce students who have high morality and awareness on current morality and awareness on current issues concerning the citizens in the issues concerning the citizens in the country country

(Wan Hasmah (Wan Hasmah 1993)1993)

Heavy workloads for Heavy workloads for teachers interrupt the teachers interrupt the teaching and learning teaching and learning

process (P&P)process (P&P)

Teachers nowadays are given extra work Teachers nowadays are given extra work besides teaching their students.besides teaching their students.

Sometimes, they have to attend courses Sometimes, they have to attend courses as assigned by the PPD, JPN and KPM.as assigned by the PPD, JPN and KPM.

School meetings are being held during School meetings are being held during school hours and students are left in the school hours and students are left in the classrooms without teachers’ observation.classrooms without teachers’ observation.

33RDRD SPEAKER SPEAKER

Exam OrientationExam Orientation

““The Malaysian Education System is The Malaysian Education System is plagued with a ‘diploma’ or ‘certificate’ plagued with a ‘diploma’ or ‘certificate’ disease, which is the frenzied chasing disease, which is the frenzied chasing after paper credentials because of their after paper credentials because of their value in getting employment and the value in getting employment and the prestige attached to them.”prestige attached to them.”

- Rosnani Hashim, - Rosnani Hashim, Educational Dualism in Malaysia ;Educational Dualism in Malaysia ;Implications for Theory and Practice, Implications for Theory and Practice,

The Other Press, Kuala Lumpur, 2004, p. 180The Other Press, Kuala Lumpur, 2004, p. 180

MeritocracyMeritocracy

Most priority are given to the academically Most priority are given to the academically excellent student.excellent student.

“ “ Little recognition is given to the excellence in the Little recognition is given to the excellence in the affective, moral or social domain. There is a lack of the affective, moral or social domain. There is a lack of the cultivation of the social spirit, and the nature of cultivation of the social spirit, and the nature of evaluation inculcates individual competition for external evaluation inculcates individual competition for external standing.”standing.”

- Rosnani Hashim, - Rosnani Hashim, Educational Dualism in Malaysia ;Educational Dualism in Malaysia ;

Implications for Theory and Practice, Implications for Theory and Practice,

The Other Press, Kuala Lumpur, 2004, p. 180The Other Press, Kuala Lumpur, 2004, p. 180

RACESRACES YEARYEAR

20032003 20042004 20052005

MALAYMALAY 37,034 (37,034 (78.4%) 78.4%) 23,182 23,182 (62.6%) (62.6%) 24,873 (63.9%) 24,873 (63.9%)

CHINESECHINESE 8,665 (18.4%)8,665 (18.4%) 11,921 (32.2%)11,921 (32.2%) 11,778 (30.3%) 11,778 (30.3%)

INDIANINDIAN 1,530 (3.2%)1,530 (3.2%) 1,931 (5.2%)1,931 (5.2%) 2,277 (5.9%)2,277 (5.9%)

TOTALTOTAL 4722947229 3703437034 3892838928

No. of Students Based on their Races in IPT (2003-2005)

The End of Government Subsidy The End of Government Subsidy to ‘Sekolah Agama Rakyat’ (SAR) to ‘Sekolah Agama Rakyat’ (SAR)

““The implementation of religious The implementation of religious education at National Schools have a lot of education at National Schools have a lot of weaknesses because there are still many weaknesses because there are still many students can't read Al Quran and write Jawi students can't read Al Quran and write Jawi although they had attended six years of although they had attended six years of primary schools. primary schools.

Tan Sri Murad,Tan Sri Murad,The President of the social committee The President of the social committee

for the study of curriculum in national schoolsfor the study of curriculum in national schools(Berita Harian , 26/Feb/2003).(Berita Harian , 26/Feb/2003).

http://www.hijrahmedia.com/proto/iidl2/artikel/edu5.phphttp://www.hijrahmedia.com/proto/iidl2/artikel/edu5.php..

ROUND OFFROUND OFF

Points: Impact of political changes Increment in tuition fees Moral Education doesn’t encourage good conductMoral Education doesn’t encourage good conduct The Practical Imbalance of The National Education The Practical Imbalance of The National Education

PhilosophyPhilosophy Heavy workloads for teachers interrupt the teaching and Heavy workloads for teachers interrupt the teaching and

learning process (P&P)learning process (P&P) Exam OrientationExam Orientation MeritocracyMeritocracy The End of Government Subsidy The End of Government Subsidy

to ‘Sekolah Agama Rakyat’ (SAR)to ‘Sekolah Agama Rakyat’ (SAR)

National service (PLKN)

Remedial actions

PProvide adequate and balanced education (JERI)

Tighten up relationships among parents and teachers (PIBG)

Provide more practical test rather than theoretical (Pendidikan Islam and Moral Education)

Establish Integrated Religious Establish Integrated Religious Education CurriculumEducation Curriculum

Recruit qualified scholars Recruit qualified scholars Education should be conceptualizedEducation should be conceptualizedOrganize forums and talks on social

ills