social impact assessment (sia)
TRANSCRIPT
Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
1
Why should we care about society and environment because you will lose in long term
2
3
Example (Pollution) bull Maximize profit first with
high pollution then engage in environmental projects
bull Any effect to the life and health lost during severe pollution
bull httphedleyindexsphhkuhkhtmlen
4
Social Impact Assessment (SIA) measuring outcomes not outputs
engagement of all stakeholders
well developed in UK not HK
5
Outcome-based measurement
Output-based measurement
6
SIA
Input-based measurement
7
Output vs Outcome
Output
Outcome
Output Outcome
Rain Shelters in Quarry Bay (Cost HK$210000)
8
Stages of SIA
9
Input Output Outcome
Step 1 What are potential outcomes of the project Who are stakeholders of the project
bull Literature Review Publications impact assessments GOVUK
bull Focus Groups
Stages of SIA
10
Step 1 Focus Groups
bull Focus Groups bull Define properly the targeted
groups bull Avoid ldquoYesNordquo Questions bull More ldquoWhatrdquo ldquoHowrdquo ldquoWhyrdquo bull Encourage discussion bull Be objective
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Why should we care about society and environment because you will lose in long term
2
3
Example (Pollution) bull Maximize profit first with
high pollution then engage in environmental projects
bull Any effect to the life and health lost during severe pollution
bull httphedleyindexsphhkuhkhtmlen
4
Social Impact Assessment (SIA) measuring outcomes not outputs
engagement of all stakeholders
well developed in UK not HK
5
Outcome-based measurement
Output-based measurement
6
SIA
Input-based measurement
7
Output vs Outcome
Output
Outcome
Output Outcome
Rain Shelters in Quarry Bay (Cost HK$210000)
8
Stages of SIA
9
Input Output Outcome
Step 1 What are potential outcomes of the project Who are stakeholders of the project
bull Literature Review Publications impact assessments GOVUK
bull Focus Groups
Stages of SIA
10
Step 1 Focus Groups
bull Focus Groups bull Define properly the targeted
groups bull Avoid ldquoYesNordquo Questions bull More ldquoWhatrdquo ldquoHowrdquo ldquoWhyrdquo bull Encourage discussion bull Be objective
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
3
Example (Pollution) bull Maximize profit first with
high pollution then engage in environmental projects
bull Any effect to the life and health lost during severe pollution
bull httphedleyindexsphhkuhkhtmlen
4
Social Impact Assessment (SIA) measuring outcomes not outputs
engagement of all stakeholders
well developed in UK not HK
5
Outcome-based measurement
Output-based measurement
6
SIA
Input-based measurement
7
Output vs Outcome
Output
Outcome
Output Outcome
Rain Shelters in Quarry Bay (Cost HK$210000)
8
Stages of SIA
9
Input Output Outcome
Step 1 What are potential outcomes of the project Who are stakeholders of the project
bull Literature Review Publications impact assessments GOVUK
bull Focus Groups
Stages of SIA
10
Step 1 Focus Groups
bull Focus Groups bull Define properly the targeted
groups bull Avoid ldquoYesNordquo Questions bull More ldquoWhatrdquo ldquoHowrdquo ldquoWhyrdquo bull Encourage discussion bull Be objective
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
bull httphedleyindexsphhkuhkhtmlen
4
Social Impact Assessment (SIA) measuring outcomes not outputs
engagement of all stakeholders
well developed in UK not HK
5
Outcome-based measurement
Output-based measurement
6
SIA
Input-based measurement
7
Output vs Outcome
Output
Outcome
Output Outcome
Rain Shelters in Quarry Bay (Cost HK$210000)
8
Stages of SIA
9
Input Output Outcome
Step 1 What are potential outcomes of the project Who are stakeholders of the project
bull Literature Review Publications impact assessments GOVUK
bull Focus Groups
Stages of SIA
10
Step 1 Focus Groups
bull Focus Groups bull Define properly the targeted
groups bull Avoid ldquoYesNordquo Questions bull More ldquoWhatrdquo ldquoHowrdquo ldquoWhyrdquo bull Encourage discussion bull Be objective
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Social Impact Assessment (SIA) measuring outcomes not outputs
engagement of all stakeholders
well developed in UK not HK
5
Outcome-based measurement
Output-based measurement
6
SIA
Input-based measurement
7
Output vs Outcome
Output
Outcome
Output Outcome
Rain Shelters in Quarry Bay (Cost HK$210000)
8
Stages of SIA
9
Input Output Outcome
Step 1 What are potential outcomes of the project Who are stakeholders of the project
bull Literature Review Publications impact assessments GOVUK
bull Focus Groups
Stages of SIA
10
Step 1 Focus Groups
bull Focus Groups bull Define properly the targeted
groups bull Avoid ldquoYesNordquo Questions bull More ldquoWhatrdquo ldquoHowrdquo ldquoWhyrdquo bull Encourage discussion bull Be objective
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Outcome-based measurement
Output-based measurement
6
SIA
Input-based measurement
7
Output vs Outcome
Output
Outcome
Output Outcome
Rain Shelters in Quarry Bay (Cost HK$210000)
8
Stages of SIA
9
Input Output Outcome
Step 1 What are potential outcomes of the project Who are stakeholders of the project
bull Literature Review Publications impact assessments GOVUK
bull Focus Groups
Stages of SIA
10
Step 1 Focus Groups
bull Focus Groups bull Define properly the targeted
groups bull Avoid ldquoYesNordquo Questions bull More ldquoWhatrdquo ldquoHowrdquo ldquoWhyrdquo bull Encourage discussion bull Be objective
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
7
Output vs Outcome
Output
Outcome
Output Outcome
Rain Shelters in Quarry Bay (Cost HK$210000)
8
Stages of SIA
9
Input Output Outcome
Step 1 What are potential outcomes of the project Who are stakeholders of the project
bull Literature Review Publications impact assessments GOVUK
bull Focus Groups
Stages of SIA
10
Step 1 Focus Groups
bull Focus Groups bull Define properly the targeted
groups bull Avoid ldquoYesNordquo Questions bull More ldquoWhatrdquo ldquoHowrdquo ldquoWhyrdquo bull Encourage discussion bull Be objective
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Output Outcome
Rain Shelters in Quarry Bay (Cost HK$210000)
8
Stages of SIA
9
Input Output Outcome
Step 1 What are potential outcomes of the project Who are stakeholders of the project
bull Literature Review Publications impact assessments GOVUK
bull Focus Groups
Stages of SIA
10
Step 1 Focus Groups
bull Focus Groups bull Define properly the targeted
groups bull Avoid ldquoYesNordquo Questions bull More ldquoWhatrdquo ldquoHowrdquo ldquoWhyrdquo bull Encourage discussion bull Be objective
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Stages of SIA
9
Input Output Outcome
Step 1 What are potential outcomes of the project Who are stakeholders of the project
bull Literature Review Publications impact assessments GOVUK
bull Focus Groups
Stages of SIA
10
Step 1 Focus Groups
bull Focus Groups bull Define properly the targeted
groups bull Avoid ldquoYesNordquo Questions bull More ldquoWhatrdquo ldquoHowrdquo ldquoWhyrdquo bull Encourage discussion bull Be objective
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Stages of SIA
10
Step 1 Focus Groups
bull Focus Groups bull Define properly the targeted
groups bull Avoid ldquoYesNordquo Questions bull More ldquoWhatrdquo ldquoHowrdquo ldquoWhyrdquo bull Encourage discussion bull Be objective
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
11
Step 2 Any proof of the outcomes
bull Questionnaire bull Control Group Experiment
(more resource consuming)
Stages of SIA
Analysis
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
12
bull Levels of Evidence (best to worst)
1 All outcomes with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 2 At least one outcome with RCT 3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) 4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics 5 Systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies 6 Single descriptive or qualitative study 7 Opinion of authorities andor reports of expert committees
Stages of SIA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Stages of SIA
13
1 Randomized Controlled Trials golden rule for medical research
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Stages of SIA
14
1 Randomized Controlled Trials Pros bull Most robust and convincing bull Can determine the cause-and-effect relation Cons bull Most resource and time consuming bull Most difficult to apply for political research and social science research
bull Hard to enforce a policy to a randomly chosen group of people
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
15
3 Controlled trials without randomization (quasi-experiment) bull Alpha Test Beta Test (Apps and software development) bull Minimum Viable Product MVP (Product Development Start Up) bull Pilot Test (Government policy and business strategies)
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Stages of SIA
16
4 Case-control cohort studies and econometrics bull Easy but not convincing for cause-and-effect relation
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Stages of SIA
17
Robustness Cost and
Time
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
18
Step 3 What are the values of the outcomes
Stages of SIA
bull Quantification + Benchmarking bull Financial Proxies bull Monetization (very resource consuming) Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
19
Stages of SIA
P
Q
bull We are in fact measuring the red area
19
Stated Preference
Revealed Preference
Subjective Well-being
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
20
Step 4 How can we use the results
bull Improvements for a project bull Cost and benefit comparison for a project
test test
Stages of SIA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Common SIA Frameworks in HK
21
Kirkpatrick model of Fullness B Impact Assessment SEE Mark SROI SIA of HKCSS TIMM of PwC True Value Model of KPMG
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Data Bank
22
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Examples of Data Bank
The Value of Recreational Activities per activity day (in 2008 US dollars)
Backpacking $5784 Pleasure driving $6575
Bird-watching $3287 Rock climbing $6245
Camping $4128 Scuba diving $3593
Cross-country skiing $3484 Sightseeing $4090
Downhill skiing $3718 Snorkeling $3365
Fishing $5236 Snowmobiling $4028
Boating (nonmotorized) $11202 Swimming $4739
General recreation $3896 Visiting on environmental education center $667
Going to the beach $4378 Visiting an arboretum $1502
Hiking $3424 Visiting an aquarium $3143
Horseback riding $2011 Waterskiing $5442
Hunting $5208 Wildlife viewing $4703
Motor boating $5136 Windsurfing $43901
Mountain biking $8190 Average value of a recreational day $5288
Off-road vehicle driving $2544
Other recreation $5406
Picnicking $4602
Source Kaval and Loomis (2003)
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Examples of Data Bank
bull The numbers are ready to be used to evaluate policies and social projects
bull Examples
bull Suppose a policy can allow 200000 more HK people to go hiking 4 times per year
bull The annual benefit can be estimated as
bull 200000 x US$3424 x 4 = US$27392000 per year (in 2008 dollar)
bull US$27392000 x 1094 = US$29967643(current dollar)
bull US$29967643 x 776 =HK$232548909
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Examples of Data Bank
Mean Values of Wetland Habitats (per hectare per year 2008
US Dollar)
Overall $3948
Woodland $4512
Freshwater marsh $4935
Saltbrackish marsh $3666
Unvegetated sediment $12690
Mangrove $564
Source Brander Floran and Vermaat (2006)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Components of Crashes by Level of Severity (2008 US Dollar)
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
level
1 2 3 4 5
Medical $2959 $19423 $57796 $163222 $413268
Emergency $120 $263 $457 $1032 $1058
Market Productivity $2174 $31098 $88822 $132311 $545341
Household Productivity $712 $9102 $26197 $34878 $185600
Insurance Admin $922 $8588 $23485 $40195 $84773
Workplace Costs $313 $2428 $5303 $5839 $10182
Legal Costs $187 $6192 $19650 $41873 $99266
Source Blincoe et al (2002)
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Examples of Data Bank
The Cost of Crime and the Willingness to Pay for Crime Reduction (2008 US dollars)
Plug-In Category Victim Cost per Incident
Based on Millar et
al(1996)
Criminal Justice Cost
Per Incident
Based on Cohen (1998)
Total Cost per Incident
Sum of First Two
Columns
Burglary $2225 $3225 $5450
Armed robbery $30125 $9663 $39788
Serious assaults $38100 $6438 $44538
Rape and sexual assaults $138113 $4063 $142176
Murder $4625000 $228750 $4853750
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Database for Social Values
bull Social Value Bank established by HACT
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Database for Social Values
bull Washington State Institute for Public Policy
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Economic Growth
Health Crime
Education
Early Intervention
Ageing
Wellbeing
What Works Centres in UK
UK Government
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Challenge
bull No similar database for social values in Hong Kong
bull Directly applying foreign data in Hong Kong may not be appropriate
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
Suggestions
bull Government should set up public units to conduct social impact assessment of public policies
bull The results of the assessments can then be pooled and be accessible freely by public creating a database of social values for Hong Kong
QampA
QampA