social network technologies for learning
DESCRIPTION
Social network technologies are reforming the way we communicate with each other inside and outside our learning environments. In this presentation, Stephen Downes offers an inside look at these technologies, how they work, what they can do, and where they will likely lead the future of learning online. Downes will first outline some well-known technologies such as YouTube, Facebook and Twitter, describing how they are used and outlining how they manage online communication in general. He will describe and explain the design principles underlying these sites, and show how underlying web technologies such as representational state transfer and asynchronous Javascript are enabling the development of interactive online applications. He will show examples of how these services work together to provide interactive experiences and data management, and demonstrate how academic institutions are beginning to integrate their online services with social network technology. Based on these demonstrations, Downes will outline the potential of social network applications in the support of learning, and suggest concrete steps teachers and institutions can take now to improve learning using social networks. See also http://www.downes.ca/presentation/283TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Social Network Technologies for Learning
Stephen DownesProvidence, Rhode Island
October 28, 2011
![Page 2: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview:
• The Major Social Networks• Anatomy of a Social Network• Social Networks in Learning• Platforms and Programs• Learning Network
Applications
![Page 3: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
1. The Major Social Networks
![Page 4: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Progenitors
• Friendster – http://www.friendster.com • MySpace – http://www.livespace.com • Orkut – http://www.orkut.com
![Page 5: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 7: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Google+
https://plus.google.com/109526159908242471749/posts
![Page 8: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Some of the Others:
• Flickr – http://www.flickr.com• LinkedIn – http://www.linkedin.com• YouTube – http://www.youtube.com
![Page 9: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2. Anatomy of a Social Network
![Page 10: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Personal Profile
![Page 11: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Graph
• Facebook ‘friending’ vs Twitter ‘following’ vs Google+ ‘circling’
• Recommending – friend suggestions or maybe just ‘return the favour’
![Page 12: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Actions
• Things to Do…– The Facebook ‘poke’– Messaging – Checking In - https://foursquare.com/ – Listening to - http://www.last.fm/
• The activity stream
![Page 13: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Likes and Dislikes
• The ‘Like’ button / ‘Fan’– Inside the Graph – Facebook– Outside the Graph – Google’s +1– Extended graph – would you ‘recommend’ this
person, write them an endorsement?• Tagging – http://www.delicious.com – Twitter hashtags– word clouds
http://www.wordle.net/
![Page 14: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Groups
• Explicit group formation:– Google Groups, Yahoo Groups
• Object-based group formation– Facebook ‘causes’, ‘like’, etc.– Events
![Page 15: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Sharing
• Media – photo, video and audio uploads• Artwork – DeviantArt -
http://www.deviantart.com/• Experiences – the Twitter hashtag again
• Places – 4Square
fake batman by *berkozturk, DeviantArthttp://browse.deviantart.com/?order=24&offset=24#/d4e3qt5
![Page 16: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Reputation
• Klout – http://www.klout.com• HootSuite - http://hootsuite.com/social-analytics
• Social media key elements: PageRank, eBay Reputation, Amazon Reviews
• Achievement: ‘become mayor’, ‘unlock badge’
![Page 17: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
3. Social Networks in Learning
![Page 18: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Some Benefits
• It’s free• It cuts down on isolation• It builds tolerance and understanding of
diversity• It amplifies passions• It’s more open, and education needs to be
more open
George Couros, Connected Principals, Why Social Media Can and Is Changing Educationhttp://www.connectedprincipals.com/archives/3024
![Page 19: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Positives
• Connection and access• Increased awareness• Publicity and advertising• It’s who you know
Wikia, Social Networking in Education Wikihttp://socialnetworkingeducation.wikia.com/wiki/Social_Networking_in_Education_Wiki
![Page 20: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Risks
• Privacy and security– putting your data out there– once online, always online– “you are not a customer, you are a product”
Douglas Rushkoff, You Are Not Facebook's Customerhttp://www.rushkoff.com/blog/2011/9/26/you-are-not-facebooks-customer.html
![Page 21: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Rumours and Innuendo
• Cyberbullying• Quality control– Twitter rumours
![Page 22: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The Five intangibles
• Attention• Attraction• Affinity• Audience• Action
The Five Elements of Social MediaJay Deragon & David Bullock with Irene Williamshttp://www.relationship-economy.com/Five Elements of Social Media.pdf
![Page 23: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Social Presence
Twitter – “What are you Doing?”
Anderson, Archer, GarrisonCommunity of Inquiry Modelhttp://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Community_of_inquiry_model
![Page 24: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Crowdsourcing
• Wikipedia and such• The Wisdom of Crowds
![Page 25: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Mapping SNs and Learning Theory
Centre for Research on Networked Learning and Knowledge Building, Development f Learning Theorieshttp://www.helsinki.fi/science/networkedlearning/eng/delete.html
![Page 26: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Network Effects
• “A virtual learning environment consisting solely of students and instructor, in contrast, cannot partake of these network effects.”
Bryan Alexander, EDUCAUSE, Social Networking in Higher Educationhttp://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/PUB7202s.pdf
![Page 27: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Social Network Policies
• Schools banning Facebook?• “Discussions of privacy and copyright, and
questions about creativity and appropriation, citizenship, and governance can become grounded in years of social media experience.” – Alexander
Digizen, Case Study: Example Acceptable Use Policyhttp://old.digizen.org/cyberbullying/fullguidance/resources/caseexample.aspx
![Page 28: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Some SN Education Platforms
• Ning – http://www.ning.com• Elgg - http://elgg.org/ … and communities:– Classroom 2.0 - http://www.classroom20.com/ – -Association for Social Media in Higher Education -
http://www.socialmediahighered.com/
![Page 29: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
4. Platforms and Programs
![Page 30: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
To Understand Platforms…
• Think of Mobile computing:– iPod, iPhone, iPad– Android, Windows Mobile, Blackberry
• Next, think of ‘the App store’– eg., the Apple app store
• Apply the concept to a social network– inside the social network is an ‘app store’– these apps access SN data and functionality
![Page 31: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Some Analogies
• Extensions in Firefox or Thunderbird• Modules in Drupal or WordPress• Google Apps in Chrome
![Page 33: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
OAuth Permissions
Sachin Khosla , Internet.com, Upgrading Basic Twitter Authentication to OAuth with PHPhttp://www.phpbuilder.com/columns/sachin_khosla062510.php3
![Page 34: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Identity and Login
• Facebook Connect, Google SignOn, Twitter, OpenID
• Disqus Comments
Mark Aaron Murnahan, Why Disqus May Be The Best Social Network of 2011http://www.awebguy.com/2011/01/why-disqus-may-be-the-best-social-network-of-2011/
![Page 35: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
RSS and Atom
Stephen Downes, An Introduction to RSS for Educational Designershttp://www.downes.ca/files/RSS_Educ.htm
![Page 36: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
5. Learning Network Applications
![Page 37: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Distributed SN Architectures
• Napster, Gnutella, BitTorrent• OpenID Again• Diaspora - https://joindiaspora.com/ – Distributed Social Networking Protocol -
http://www.complang.org/dsnp/
![Page 38: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
The Semantic Social Network
• Recommender systems• Metadata and metatags• Types of indices:– subject index– keyword index– citations and link indices
Stephen Downes, Semantic Networks and Social Networkshttp://www.downes.ca/post/31624
Mahara, PLEs for Contemplation and Awareness: An Architectural Approachhttp://mahara.org/view/view.php?id=38342
![Page 39: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
The Personal Learning Environment
Mohamed Amine Chatti, Model-Driven Mashup Personal Learning Environmentshttp://mohamedaminechatti.blogspot.com/2009/10/model-driven-mashup-personal-learning.html
![Page 40: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Network Functionality
• Pattern Recognition– eg. from partial data – eg. face recognition– Regression (prediction)
• Similarity Functions– network-based recommendation
• Clustering• Self-Organizing Feature Map (SOFP)
Statsoft, Neural Networkshttp://www.statsoft.com/textbook/neural-networks/
![Page 41: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Emergent Properties
• The whole is not the sum of the parts
• Jarche: “Culture is an emergent property of people working together. Leadership is also an emergent property.”
Harold Jarche, Leadership emerges from network culturehttp://www.jarche.com/2011/10/leadership-emerges-from-network-culture/
![Page 42: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Groups and Networks
![Page 43: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Some other References
Thomas Vander WalPersonal InfoCloud, The Elements in the Social Software Stackhttp://www.personalinfocloud.com/2008/01/the-elements-in.html
Martin Bryant, TheNextWeb, Anatomy of a Twitter rumor: When a story’s too juicy not to retweet http://thenextweb.com/socialmedia/2011/07/28/anatomy-of-a-twitter-rumor-when-a-storys-too-juicy-not-to-retweet/
![Page 44: Social Network Technologies for Learning](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110306/5549f4bbb4c90512488b56eb/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
http://www.downes.ca