social protection conference, 15-17 december, 2014 arusha tanzania presented by mr. ladislaus...
TRANSCRIPT
Strengthening Social Service Delivery/Supply Side within TASAF III –
Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN)
Social Protection Conference , 15-17 December, 2014 Arusha Tanzania
Presented by Mr. Ladislaus Mwamanga, TASAF Executive Director
Outline1. Background2. Achievements 3. Lessons learned 4. Implementation challenges 5. Challenges of poverty reduction and vulnerability6. TASAF-III (PSSN)Design Factors7. TASAF III Objectives, Beneficiaries and Components8. Expected Impact of TASAF III ( PSSN)9. TASAF III Beneficiaries Benefit Structure10. TASAF III Institutional Arrangement 11. Programme Implementation Approach12. PAAs Poverty Index Map13. Supply side and Assessment14. Analysis of Supply Side assessment (Mtwara and Lindi)15. What sectors and TASAF can respond 16. END
Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF) was officially initiated in 2000 by the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania
First one year pilot program in 8 poor districts on the Mainland to pre-test the CDD approach
It was one of its initiatives on poverty reduction anchored to Poverty Reduction Strategies using community driven development(CDD).
The First Phase of TASAF (2000-2005) addressed key issues that were identified in the first Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP I)
Main focus was on :
improving social service delivery addressing income poverty for poor able bodied but food insecure
households and capacity enhancement
The first phase was implemented in 40 most poor districts in Tanzania mainland and Unguja and Pemba ( 42 operational areas)
3
Background
A total of 1,704 sub projects were funded and implemented and total of TZS 72 billion was used .
7.3 million beneficiaries in 40 districts on the Mainland and all districts in Zanzibar were reached through supported sub projects.
113,646 PWP direct beneficiaries (47% women) and transferred cash income was US$ 3.3 million
136,333 beneficiaries trained in various aspects of project management
More than 20,000 members of Community Project Committees, more than 1,500 district facilitators, about 200 NGOs/CBOs as well as Council Management Teams were trained.
4
Achievements of the First Phase
The Second Phase of TASAF (2005-2013) built on Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the first National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (MKUKUTA I and MKUZA I) to assist meeting the targets by 2010 for MKUKUTA I/MKUZA I and 2015 for MDGs.
5
Implementation of the Second Phase
The focus of the Second Phase was to address: Lack and/or shortage of social services income poverty in rural and urban areas, and capacity enhancement of beneficiaries and institutions
6
Implementation of the Second Phase….
A total of 12,347 sub projects were funded and implemented and TZS 430 billion was used .
Population with access to improved social services was 18,682,208
Vulnerable individuals participating in income generating activities: 371,250.
Community Based-Conditional Cash Transfer reached 11,576 households with 28,480 individual beneficiaries.
A total of 280,223 individuals were reached with training at all levels.
A total of 1,778 voluntary savings groups with 22,712 savers were formed and saving a total of 750 million
7
Achievements of the Second Phase
TASAF has not provided adequate coverage and continuity of support. Resources were limited and inadequate to meet overwhelming
demand from communities ( SPIF 118,000 vs 12,347 SP funded). Functionality in some of created assets, especially in health and
education sectors. Scaling up of initiatives implemented in limited pilot areas, like
the Community-Based Conditional Cash Transfer and Community Savings and Investment Promotion.
Low capacity of LGAs to support implementation at community level.
Inadequate reporting and follow up on the part of LGAs
Implementation Challenges
… however, not everybody is equally poor…
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
Distribution of Consumption
Average per capita ConsumptionFood Poverty LineBasic Needs Poverty Line
Tsh per adult equivalent per month
a significant number of people is very close to the poverty line…
Poorest 10%
2nd Poorest 10%
3rd Poorest 10%
4th Poorest 10%
02000400060008000
1000012000140001600018000
Average per capita consumption among the poor
… but there are differences among the poor.
Challenges of poverty reduction and vulnerability
PSSN aims to put emplace the building blocks of a permanent national social safety net
The GoT committed to put PSSNn budget and scale it up to reach over 1 million poor households
Consolidate the impressive achievement of TASAF-II using community-driven development (CDD) approach to facilitate implementation of public works, income generating activities for poor and vulnerable groups
Fill gaps in light of demand expressed by communities Scale up conditional cash transfers, community savings and
investments, and livelihood enhancement Ensure functionality of created assets (education, health and water) Improve Institutional Arrangement for effective support to poor
communities
TASAF III (PSSN)Design Factors
Capacity enhancement of beneficiaries and organization support delivery of TASAF-III
Contribute to the attainment of MKUKUTA-II and MKUZA-II objectives and the advancement of the social protection agenda.
Targeted infrastructure development to spur progress towards achievement of the MDGs
Nationwide coverage Focus on House Holds
TASAF III Design Factors …..
Objective: The objective of TASAF III is to enable poor households to
increase incomes and opportunities while improving consumption.
Beneficiaries: The direct beneficiaries of TASAF III are the people
currently living below the food poverty line This support will be focused on the poor and
vulnerable households as well as those temporarily affected by short-term shocks.
These people will receive safety net support as well as the opportunity to participate in livelihood enhancing activities.
The broader number of people living under the food poverty line will be eligible for livelihood support interventions as well as be prioritised for the targeted infrastructure support.
TASAF III Objectives, Beneficiaries and components
Need for a Productive Social Safety net System Approach
To cope with chronic poverty
To mitigate shocks
To reduce vulnerability in the mid- and long-term by investing in human capital of children
To move on to a positive trajectory(route)
Poor and vulnerable households require different types of support –A single intervention is not enough
+
CCTs(HH with children
and pregnant women)
Incl. monthly community
sessions
PWP(HH with adults able to work)Plus savings promotion
The Productive Social Safety Net: A system to support the poor and vulnerable in Tanzania
Income generating activities,Savings,Training
Education, health and nutrition
services
Human capital accumulation and
sustained reduction of poverty
v
Smooth consumptio
n, accumulati
on of assets
v
Participation for several years
*A household becomes a beneficiary of both programs
Unified registry of Beneficiaries
Common targeting
Improved community
assets
Increasing consumption of extremely poor on a permanent basisSmoothing consumption during lean seasons and shocks
Investing in human capital
Strengthening links with income generating activities
Increase access to improved social services
Objective of the Productive Social Safety Net
• Provision of predictable and timely cash transfers through a combination of : CCTs for poor and vulnerable households (Education, health,
nutrition) Participation in seasonal cash-for-work programs during the lean
season and shocks (a labor intensive intervention with 75/25 ratio of labor/capital)The same group of households will be beneficiary of both programs (over 85% beneficiaries will be able to participate in the CCTs and the cash-for-work
• Institutional reform At the Social Protection sector level (Coordination,
institutional responsibilities, rationalization of SP expenditures)
Implementing agency level (from a social fund to a safety nets approach)
• Instruments to support a system approach Common targeting mechanism Single registry of beneficiaries Same payment mechanism- move towards e-payments Comprehensive M&E System and integrated MIS
Productive Social Safety Net
In all LGAs select villages using a
Village/Mtaa/Shehia Index
Village Assembly
identifies the poorest
households
CMC collects information
from households
TASAF verifies list of beneficiaries applying
a PMT
Village Assembly
validates final list of
households
CMCs collects information to
register beneficiaries in
the URB
URB(administered by
TASAF)
VC sends list of hh via LGAs
TASAF sends list of hh via LGAs
Selection and Registry of Beneficiaries
• Target population Those leaving below food poverty line
• Benefits From the Conditional Cash Transfer:
Basic benefit: TZS 10,000 per month Children under 18 years: TZS 4,000 per month Health variable benefit
Children under 5 years 4,000 per month
Education variable benefit Primary school TZS 2,000 per month with CAP TZS 8,000 Junior Secondary TZS 4,000 per month with CAP TZS 12,000 Senior Secondary TZS 6,000 per month with CAP TZS 12,000
From the cash-for-work: TZS 2,300 per day for up to 60 days in four months per Households
From Livelihood enhancement: capacity building and community sessions so as to do savings and
invest in productive assets, From Targeted Infrastructure:
support on Health, Education and Water sectors
Benefits and Beneficiaries
Hondu
ras
(PRAF)
Ecuad
or (B
DH)
Jamaic
a (P
ATH)
Colombia
(Fam
ilia e
n Acc
ion)
Red S
olida
ria (E
S)
Red d
e Opo
rtunid
ades
(PA)
Guate
mala (M
ifapr
o)
Tanz
ania
(CCT
only)
Nicara
ugua
(RPS)
Mexico
(Opo
rtunid
ades
)
Tanz
ania
(CCT+
PW)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
It is a generous program…
Size of the benefit as % of pre-transfer consumption among beneficiaries
… and affordable
Expected impacts of TASAF III ( PSSN) Ex-ante simulations indicates:
Extreme poverty reduction by 52% Extreme poverty gap reduction by 43%
The cost of the program once it reaches all poor households leaving below food poverty will be approx. 0.6% of the GDP
Emphasize on group saving and investment aspects
Capacity building and community sessions Effective use of M&E system and MIS Effective technical support and facilitation
National level: National Steering Committee(NSC), Sector Expert Team (SET), TASAF Management Unit (TMU), TASAF is Under PO State House:
Regional level: RAS office: Focal TASAF Officer - Follow up of implementation in PAAs
PAA level: Executive Director, Management Team,(all sectors) Finance Committee, Full council
Ward level: Extension staff, CDO, ..- Direct provision of technical support to communities and households
Village/mtaa/shehia level: CMC under oversight of Village Council/Mtaa Committee/Shehia Advisory Council, endorsed by Village Assembly/Mtaa/Shehia meeting, overall support to programme
CMCs. Day to day implementation management, collection of information to register beneficiaries and to verify compliance with co-responsibilities
Education and health sectors. Provision of information on compliance with co-responsibilities
Payment Agencies. Direct transfer to beneficiary households and reconciliation of payments
TASAF III Institutional Set up
In order to effectively and adequately develop capacity, the programme has adopt a phased approach to programme roll-out.
Roll out plan starts with Regions with high poverty index First wave 14 PAAs (Mtwara and Lindi) - November 2013 Second wave 19 PAAs ( Dodoma, singida, Katavi and Kigoma)- April 2014 Third wave 27 PAAs(Arusha,Kilimanjaro,Manyara and Mara) – July 2014 Fourth wave 33 PAAs(Simiyu, Mwanza,Shinyanga,Morogoro, Pwani and Tanga) - October 2014 Impact Evaluation wave 16 PAAs – November 2014 Fifth wave 52 PAAs ( DSM, Kagera, Geita, Iringa, Njombe, Ruvuma, Rukwa, Tabora, Kigoma and
Zanzibar ( Unguja and Pemba remaining shehias) – January 2015 It is planned to reach all PAAs before end of March 2014. So far We have reached 109 PAAs.
Targeted 580,844 Households but still on going to other villages.
Enrolled 276,510 Households for CCT but not done all data capture for enrolment wave 3 &4 Paid six rounds of transfers about TZS 33.3 billion(29.3b Beneficiaries, 2.83b PAAs, 499m VC,
333m RAS and 333m Ward) Initiated 515 labour intensive Public Works subprojects in 8 PAAs worth TZS 10.6 Billion
With 58,259 beneficiaries in 355 villages/shahia. 1.4 billion used at PAAs, RAS, Ward and Village Government offices
Programme Implementation Approach
Supply Side
Where as the beneficieries are required to comply to conditionalities, the Governmnet/ PSSN Program has also its co responsibilities
The Government/PSSN Programme have to ensure that functional service facilities and equipment to beneficiary communities are provided so as to comply with set up conditions at reasonable standard distances.
Beneficieries need to have access to education, health and water facilities
Supply Side Capacity Assessment.
Provision of services to the beneficiaries is a principal pillar in investing in human capital.
Before the program starts implementation in project areas, a supply capacity assessment is conducted to determine the gaps on service provision
This process allows the PAAs to plan and identify solutions on how the gaps will be filled both in terms of quality and quantity
Non availability of services enables beneficiaries to demand for the services thus making the Program and respective sectors responsive to their demands
Beneficiaries of PSSN in Bunda district attending children clinic as one of conditionality
Some of the pupils beneficiaries of PSSN attending class in Pemba as one of the conditionality
Highlights on Supply Side Assessment for wave one 14 PAA ( Mtwara and Lindi)
Education Sector Shortage in primary schools
8 per cent of the required number of teachers 78 per cent of the required number of teachers’ houses 78 per cent of the required number of water facilities
Health Sector 47 per cent of the required number of health staff 69 per cent of the required number of staff houses 69 per cent of the required number of water facilities
Analysis of Supply Side Assessment for wave one 14 PAAs ( Mtwara and Lindi)
Description
Requirements Available Gap % gap
Education Sector
Teachers 25,585 23,468 2,117 8
Teachers’ houses
25,630 5,529 20,101 78
Water points
2,004 445 1,559 78
Toilet 35,330 29,128 6,202 18
Health Sector
Health Staff
29,795 15,685 14,110 47
Staff Houses
11,687 3,614 8,073 69
Water Facilities
1,400 437 963 69
What TASAF(PSSN) can offer
The Targeted Infrastructure component supports development of infrastructure in education, health and water sectors
All sub projects which require PSSN support under targeted Infrastructure are determined through supply side capacity assessment results and endorsed by the communities.
Limited funds for implementation of sub projects under TASAF -PSSN are made available after submission of application form.
Resources available so far is from the government contribution
Willingness for minimum community contribution ( 10%) and completion of project appraisal and approval processes.
Work on highly priority of facilities ( Health, education and water)
Role of sectors
Work hand in hand with TASAF(PSSN) during supply side capacity assessment
Link the project with other programmes, projects and initiatives so as to avoid duplication of efforts and resources in addressing supply side gaps
Assist the PAAs to set the priority list on the gaps available as per sector norms and standards
During sub project implementation sector experts are required to supervise and provide technical support and ascertain that sub projects are implemented in conformity with sector norms and standards
WAY FOWARD
To strengthen social service delivery; A report on supply side assessment from PAAs will be shared
with respective ministries so that budgets are allocated
TASAF has engaged a consultant to work on analysis of the supply side assessment so that a priority list is set for each village.
Sectors, PSSN and other interested parties need to work together
on resources mobilizations to bridge the gap on service provision The service delivery is not solely about hardware. The software part
(personnel and supplies) also need to be worked on.
Capacity gaps also need to be identified and filled so that quality services are provided.
END of presentation
Thank you for your attention