social security: 22008

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8/14/2019 Social Security: 22008 http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/social-security-22008 1/26 l l l l ll Office of the Inspector General Kenneth S. Apfel Commissioner of SocialSecurity Inspector General Southwest TacticalOperations Pl an: Investigative Resu ts Attached is the Inspector General ed, “ 's finalreport entitl Southwest Tactical Operations Plan: Investigative Resu ts” (A-06-97-22008). The report presents the resuts of the Southwest TacticalOperations Plan and our review of characteristics shared by recipients whose payments were suspended. We have added a finding and modified the recommendations for carification purposes based on comments we received during the exit conference. You may wish to comm ent on any further action taken or contemplated on our recommendations. If you choose to offer comm ents, please provide your comments w ithin the next 60 days. If you w ish to discuss the final report, please call m e or have your staff contact Pamela J. Gardiner, Assistant Inspector General for Audit, a t ( 4 1 0 ) 9 6 5 -9 700. David C. Wi iams A t t a c h m e n t

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Page 1: Social Security: 22008

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O f f ic e o f t h e I n s p e c t o r G e n e r a l

K e n n e t h S . A p f e l C o m m is s io n e r o f S o c ia l S e c u r i t y

I n s p e c t o r G e n e r a l

S o u t h w e s t T a c t ic al O p e r a t io n s P l a n : I n v e s t ig a t i v e R e s u t s

A t t a c h e d i s t h e In s p e c t o r G e n e r al e d , “' s f in a l r e p o rt e n t it l S o u t h w e s t T a c t ic alO p e r a t io n s P la n : In v e s t ig a t iv e R es u t s ” (A - 0 6 - 9 7 - 2 2 0 0 8 ) . T h e r e p o r t p r e s e n t s t h er es u t s o f t h e S o u t h w e s t T a c t ic a l O p e r a t io n s P la n a n d o u r r e v ie w o f c h a r a c t e r i s t ic ss h a r e d b y re c i p ie n t s w h o s e p a y m e n t s w e r e s u s p e n d e d . W e h a v e a d d e d a f in d i n ga n d m o d i f ie d t h e r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s f o r c a r if ic a t i o n p u r p o s e s b a s e d o n c o m m e n t sw e r e c e iv e d d u r in g t h e e x i t c o n f e r e n c e .

Y o u m a y w is h t o c o m m e n t o n a n y f u rt h e r ac t io n t a k e n o r c on t e m p la t ed o n o u rr ec o m m e n d a t io n s . I f y o u c h o o s e t o o f fe r co m m e n t s , p le a s e p r o v id e y o u r c om m e n t sw i t h in t h e n e x t 6 0 d a y s . I f y o u w is h t o d is c u s s t h e f in a l r ep o r t , p le a s e c a l l m e o rh a v e y o u r s t a f f c o n t a c t P a m e la J . G a r d in e r , A s s i s t a n t I n s p e c t o r G e n e r a l f o r A u d i t ,

a t ( 4 1 0 ) 9 6 5 - 9 7 0 0 .

D a v i d C . W i ia m s

A t t a c h m e n t

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c c : O I G / E S R e a d i n g F i l eS u b j e c t F ile

S S A / O I G / O A / BP A T T I S O N / m js / 0 3 / 3 1 / 9 89 7 - 2 2 0 0 8 . f n : R e p o r t F i le

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E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y O B J E C T I V E S

O u r o b j e c t iv e s w e r e t o (1 ) p r o v i d e i n f o r m a t io n o n t h e r es u t s o f t h e S o u t h w e s tT a c t ic a l O p e r a t io n s P l s w h oa n ( S T O P) a n d ( 2 ) i d e n t i f y c h a r a c t e r is t ic s o f i n d iv i d u a l

s e i n f o r m a t i o n t o o b t a i n S u p p lp r o v i d e d f a l e m e n t a l S e c u r i t y In c o m e ( S S I ) .

B A C K G R O U N D

i g i b i lS S I h a s s p e c i f ic e l i t y r e q u i re m e n t s . O n e o f t h e p r im a r y r e q u i re m e n t s is t h a ti n d iv id u a l s , o r e l e a ls m u s t b e U . S . r es i d e n t s , a n d e i t h e r c it i z e n s , n a t i o n a l i g i b l ie n s .

(T h e f o r m e r s t a n d a rd s u n d e r t i t le X V I o f t h e S o c ia l S e c u r i t y A c t p r o v i d e d S S I toa l a w f u l l i e n s p e r m a n e n t lie n s l y a d m i t t e d f o r p e rm a n e n t U . S . r e s id e n c e ; o r a l y

o r o f l a w s a n dr es id in g i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t es u n d e r c o l a w . S e v e r al r ec e n t la m e n d m e n t s h a v e m a d e c h a n g e s t o t h e S S I a l i e n p r o g r a m . 1 ) In a d d i t io n ,i n d i v i d u a l s m u s t m a in t a i n a c o n t i n u e d p r e s e n c e in t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s . 2

S o c ia l S e c u r i t y A d m in is t ra t io n ( S S A ) s t a f f in f ie l o n g t h ed o f f ic e s (F O ) a le g ed t h a t i n d iv i d u a l i f y i n g f o r S S I w h ilU . S . - M e x i c o b o r d e r h a v e a l l s a r e q u a l e i n t h e

U n i t e d S t a t e s a n d s u b s e q u e n t ly m o v e t o a f o re ig n c o u n t r y . I f n o t d e t e c t e d ,i g i b lr e c i p ie n t s w i l l c o n t i n u e r ec e iv i n g p a y m e n t s f o r w h ic h t h e y a r e n o t e l e . T h e

S S A O f f ic e o f t h e I n s p e c t o r G e n e r al ( O I G ) im p le m e n t e d S T O P in E l P a s o , T e x a s , t od e t e rm in e i f i n d i v i d u a l e n t ls a r e f r a u d u l y r e c e iv i n g S S I p a y m e n t s .

W e re q u e s t e d a n e x t r a c t o f d a t a f r o m t h e S u p p l e m e n t a l S e c u r it y R e c o r d ( S S R ) , t h ed a t a b a s e S S A u s es t o m a in t a i n i n f o r m a t io n o n S S I r e c ip i e n t s . W e s e le c t e d a l l S S Ir e c ip i e n t s w i t h a m a i l i n g a d d r es s in t h e 7 9 9 0 1 a n d 7 9 9 1 2 Z I P c o d e s o fE l P a s o , T e x a s . A l e t t e r w a s s en t t o t h e s e re c i p i e n t s re q u e s t in g t h a t t h e y p r o v i d e ,b y m a i l , d o c u m e n t s t o p r o v e t h a t t h e y a r e U . S . r es i d e n t s . A n y i n d i v id u a l w h o d i dn o t p r o v id e d o c u m e n t a t io n , p r o v i d e d i n s u f f ic i e n t d o c u m e n t a t i o n , o r h a d a

e a d d r e s s w a s in v e s t ig a t e d t o e s t a b lq u e s t io n a b l i s h r e s i d e n c y . W e u s e d d a t aa n a l y z e t h e c o l ly s is s o f t w a r e p r o g r am s t o a n a l e c t e d d a t a .

1 P u b ic L aw 1 0 4 - 1 9 3 ; P u b ic L aw 1 0 4 - 2 0 8 ; P u b ic L aw 1 0 5 - 1 8 , a n d P u b ic L aw 1 0 5 - 3 3 .

2 A c c o r d in g t o t h e P ro g r a m O p e r at io n s M a n u a l S y s t e m , a n i n d iv i du a l w h o i s n o t i n t h eU n i t e d S t a t e s f o r 3 0 c o n s e c u t i v e d a y s i s c o n s i d e r ed o u t s i d e o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s a n d is i n e l e f o ri g i b lS S I u n t i l h e o r s h e i s in t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s f o r 3 0 c o n s e c u t i v e d a y s ( S I 0 0 5 0 1 . 4 1 0 ) .

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F I N D I N G S

• N E A R L Y A L L R E C I P I EN T S R ES P O N D E D T O S T O P L ET T ER

• M O R E T H A N O N E-F O U R T H O F R EC I PI EN T S W E R E IN V E S T IG A T E D

• O N E- F O U R T H O F I N V E S T IG A T E D R EC I PI EN T S H A D P A Y M EN T S S U S P EN D E DS A V IN G O V E R $ 2 . 9 M I L L I O N

• S U S P EN D E D RE C I PI EN T S S H A R E C O M M O N C H A R A C T E R IS T I C S

• M O R E T H A N O N E-H A L F O F S U S P EN D E D R EC I PI EN T S EX H IB IT E D F O U R O RM O R E C H A R A C T E R IS T I C S

C O N C L U S IO N A N D R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S

W e i d e n t i f i e d a v a r ie t y o f c h a r a c t e r is t ic s a s s o c ia t e d w i t h t h e in d i v i d u a l s S S As u s p e n d e d b a s e d o n o u r in v e s t ig a t i v e r es u t s . A m a jo r it y o f s u s p e n d e d r e c ip i e n t se x h ib i t e d f o u r o r m o r e o f t h e s e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s . W e r e c o g n ize t h a t n o n r e s id e n tc a im a n t s a n d r e c ip i e n t s f r o m o t h e r F O s m ig h t e x h i b i t d i f f e re n t c h a r a c t e r is t ic s o rc o m b in a t i o n s a n d / o r f r e q u e n c ie s o f t h e s a m e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s . H o w e v e r , o u r

e t o d e v e lf in d in g s s u g g e s t t h a t i t i s p o s s ib l o p in d ic a t o r s o f n o n r e s i d e n t s . T h is ,c o m b i n e d w i t h t h e n u m b e r o f t h e S T O P -r e la t e d s u s p e n s io n s a n d t h e re s u t in g$ 2 , 9 3 2 , 5 1 6 in c o s t s a v in g s b a s e d o n a 5 - y e a r p r o je c t io n , 3 s u g g e s t s t h a t S S A ’ se f f o r t s ar e w e l l s p e n t o n t r y in g t o i d e n t if y n o n r es i d e n t s . T h e r e f o r e , w e

r e c o m m e n d t h a t S S A :

• d e v e l o c a l lo p g u id a n c e o n u s in g l y d e t e rm in e d c h a r ac t e r i s t ic s w h ic h w o u dw a r r a nt i n - d e p t h in v e s t ig a t i o n t o a c c u r a t e ly d e t e rm in e r es i d e n c y s t a t u s ;

• d ia r y c a s e s o f re c i p ie n t s w h o s e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s in d i c a t e t h e y ar e l y t oik elb e c o m e n o n r e s id e n t s o r w h o a r e p r o n e t o p e r io d s o f a b s e n c e f r o m t h e U n i t e dS t a t e s f o r f o l l e p h o n e c a l lo w - u p c o n t a c t s ( e . g . , t e l s t o t h e s t a t e d r es i d e n c e t od e t e r m in e i f t h e r e c ip i en t i s s t i l l r e s id i n g t h e r e ) ; a n d

• c o n d u c t f a c e - t o - f a c e r e d e t e r m in a t i o n s w i t h r e c ip i en t s w h o s e c h a r a c t e r is t ic ss u g g e s t t h a t t h e y m ig h t b e n o n r es i d e n t s o r p r o n e t o p e r io d s o f a b s e n c e f r o mt h e U n i t e d S t a t e s .

3 T h e c o s t s a v i n g s a r e b a s e d o n t h e t o t a l o f o v e r p a y m e n t s m a d e t o s u s p e n d e d r e c i p ie n t s c o m b i n e dw i t h w h a t S S A w o u d h a v e p a id t h e s e i n d iv i d u a ls o v e r a 5 - y e ar p e ri o d h a d w e n o t id e n t i f ie d t h er e s id e n c y i s s u es . T h e a c t u a l c o s t s a v in g s m a y b e l s a r e a b l is he s s i f i n d i v id u a l e t o r e- es t a b lr e s id e n c y a n d a g a in r ec e iv e S S I . S e e A p p e n d ix B f o r g r e at e r d e t a i l o n h o w w e d e v e lo p e d t h e c o s ts a v i n g s .

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A G E N C Y C O M M E N T S

a n s t o im p lS S A a g re es w i t h o u r r e c o m m e n d a t io n s a n d p l e m e n t t h e m . T h e A g e n c ys t a t e d t h a t t e c h n i q u e s id e n t i f i e d in t h i s r e p o r t a n d o t h e r r e s id e n c y s t u d i e s w i l l b e

o p r e c i p ie n t c h a r a c t e r is t ic s . T h e s e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s m a y b e h e lu s e d t o d e v e l p f u ll y i n d e t e r m in i n g i f r e c i p ie n t s a r e r e s id e n t s a n d p r o f i lo c a ll in g t h o s e w h o s h o u dr e c e iv e f a c e - t o - f a c e r e d e t e r m in a t i o n s i n o r d e r t o e s t a b l i s h a n d / o r v e r if y r e s id e n c y .

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T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S P a g e

E X E C U T IV E S U M M A R Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

I N T R O D U C T I O N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

F I N D I N G S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

�   N EA R L Y A L L R EC I PI EN T S RES PO N D E D T O S T O P L ET T ER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

� M O R E T H A N O N E-F O U R T H O F R EC I PI EN T S W E R E

I N V E S T I G A T E D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

� O N E- F O U R T H O F I N V E S T IG A T E D R EC I PI EN T S H A D PA Y M EN T SS U S P EN D E D S A V IN G O V E R $ 2 . 9 M IL L I O N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

� S U S P EN D E D R EC I PI EN T S S H A R E C O M M O NC H A R A C T E R IS T I C S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

� M O R E T H A N O N E-H A L F O F S U S P EN D E D R EC I PI EN T SE X H I B IT E D F O U R O R M O R E C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2

C O N C L U S IO N A N D R E C O M M EN D A T IO N S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4

A P P E N D I C E S

A p p e n d i x A - S S A ’ s C o m m e n t s t o D r a f t R e p o r t

A p p e n d ix B - P ro je c t e d C o s t S a v in g s

A p p e n d i x C - M a jo r R e p o r t C o n t r ib u t o r s

A p p e n d i x D - S S A O r g a n iza t io n a l C h a r t

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I N T R O D U C T I O N O B J E C T I V E S

O u r o b j e c t iv e s w e r e t o ( 1 ) p r o v i d e in f o r m a t i o n o n t h e r e s u t s o f S T O P a n d( 2 ) i d e n t i f y c h a r a c t e r is t ic s o f i n d i v id u a l s e in f o r m a t io n t o o b t a i ns w h o p r o v i d e d f a lS S I .

B A C K G R O U N D

S S A a d m in i s t e rs t w o p r o g r a m s u n d e r t h e S o c ia l S e c u r it y A c t - - t i t l e I I ( O d - A g e ,i t y In s u r a n c e ) a n d t i t lS u rv i v o r s , a n d D i s a b i l e X V I ( S S I) . S S I , a n e e d s -b a s e d

p r o g r am , p r o v id e s a s s is t a n c e t o a g e d , b l e d a d u t s , a n d b li n d , o r d is a b l i n d o re d c h i d r e n . S S I w a s e s t a b l sd i s a b l i s h e d i n 1 9 7 2 a n d w a s in t e n d e d t o a i d in d i v i d u a l

w h o h a d l e o r n o S o c i a l S e c u r i t y c o v e r a g e .i t t l

S S I E l i t y  i g i b i l  

i g i b i l i g i b i lS S I h a s s p e c if ic e l i t y r e q u i r e m e n t s . O n e o f t h e p r im a r y e l i t y r e q u i r e m e n t ss m u s t b e U . S . r es i d e n t s , a n d e i t h e r c it i z e n s , n a t i o n a l i g i b li s t h a t i n d iv i d u a l s o r e l e

ie n s . ( T h e f o r m e r s t a n d a r d s u n d e r t i t la l e X V I o f t h e S o c ia l S e c u r i t y A c t p r o v i d e dS S I t o a l a w f u l l ie n s p e r m a n e n t li e n s l y a d m i t t e d f o r p e rm a n e n t U . S . r e s id e n c e ; o r a l y

o r o f l a w s a n dr es id in g i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t es u n d e r c o l a w . S e v e r al r ec e n t la m e n d m e n t s h a v e m a d e c h a n g e s t o t h e S S I a l i e n p r o g r a m . ) In a d d i t io n ,i n d i v i d u a l s m u s t m a in t a i n a c o n t i n u e d p r e s e n c e in t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s .

y o b t a in i n g S S I a s s is t a n c e g e n e r a ll i g i b i lS u c c e s s f u l l y b r i n g s a u t o m a t ic e l i t y t oM e d ic a i d , F o o d S t a m p s , a n d o t h e r F e d e r a l a n d S t a t e p ro g r a m s . S in c e it is a ne n t r y p o i n t f o r r e c e iv i n g o t h e r a s s i s t a n c e , t h e im p a c t o f i n d i v i d u a l e n t ls f ra u d u l yr e c e i v i n g S S I i s f a r -r e a c h i n g .

S S A F O A l le g a t i o n s  

S S A s t a f f i n F O s a l e g e d t h a t i n d iv i d u a lo n g t h e U . S . - M e x i c o b o r d e r h a v e a l l s a r eq u a l e in t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s a n d s u b s e q u e n t li f y i n g f o r S S I w h i l y m o v e t o a f o r e i g nc o u n t ry . I f n o t d e t e c t e d , r e c ip ie n t s w i l l c o n t i n u e r e c e iv i n g p a y m e n t s f o r w h ic h

i g i b l a V i s t a , C a lt h e y a r e n o t e l e . A n O I G r ep o r t o n a n S S A in i t ia t iv e in C h u l i f o r n ia ,d i s c lo s e d t h a t 4 7 . 2 p e r c e n t o f t h e S S I r e c ip ie n t s t h a t S S A s t a f f re f e r re d f o r

1

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r es i d e n c y v e r if ic a t i o n w e r e f o u n d i n e l e b e c a u s e t h e y w e r e r es id in g in M e x i c o . 4i g i b lW h il e m s s im i le p r o b l a r t o t h i s m ig h t b e o c c u r r in g in o t h e r ar e a s o f t h e U n i t e dS t a t es , i t i s b e l e n t a lie v e d t o b e m o s t p r ev a l o n g t h e U . S . - M e x ic o b o rd e r .

O I G P i lo t P r o j e c t  

T h e S S A O IG im p l s a r ee m e n t e d S T O P i n E l P a s o , T e x a s , t o d e t e r m in e i f i n d i v id u a le n t l o t p r o je c t w a s in t e n d e d t o i d e n t i f y ,f r a u d u l y r e c e i v i n g S S I p a y m e n t s . T h e p i l

s u s p e n d , a n d t e r m in a t e S S I a s s is t a n c e t o re c ip i en t s re c e i v in g p a y m e n t s b a s e d o n e n t s t a t e m e n t s r e g a r d in g r e s i d e n c y . O I G a l o o k e d a t o t h e r e l i t yf ra u d u l s o l i g ib i l

f a c t o r s , in c lu d i n g :

• a g e ,• d i s a b i l i t y ,• c i t iz e n sh ip ,

• t y p e o f re s i d e n c e ,• in c o m e , a n d• r e s o u r ce s .

T h e p i l e r o p e r a t io n r e q u e s t in g t h a t i n d i v i d u a lo t p r o je c t in c u d e d : ( 1 ) a m a i l s m a i l inp r o o f o f r e s i d e n c y ; a n d ( 2 ) a m a t c h in g o p e r a t io n w i t h t h e U . S . I m m ig r a t io n a n dN a t u r al id a t e S S A d a t ai za t i o n S e rv ic e a n d t h e T e x a s B u r e a u o f V i t a l S t a t i s t ic s t o v a l

a t e d t o c i t i ze n s h ip , a lr e l i e n s t a t u s , a n d b ir t h r e c o rd s .

B o t h O I G O f f ic e s o f In v e s t ig a t io n s ( O I ) a n d A u d i t ( O A ) w o r k e d o n t h e p i lo t p r o je c t .O I p r im a r il e f o r in v e s t ig a t in g q u e s t io n a b ly w a s r es p o n s ib l e c a s e s ( e . g . , p o t e n t i a l

n o n r es id e n c y ) t h a t a r o s e a s a r e s u t o f t h e r e v ie w ; O A p r im a r il ey w a s r e s p o n s i b lf o r a n a l o t p r o je c ty z in g t h e o u t c o m e s o f t h e in d i v i d u a l in i t ia t i v e s o f t h e p i l( e . g . , m a i l e r o p e r a t io n , t h e i m p a c t o n t h e S S A F O ) . B a s e d o n t h e s e e f f o r t s , t h e

n e s s o f s u c h a n e f f o rt in o t h e r lO I G w i l l d e t e rm in e t h e u s e f u l o c a t io n s .

4 S S A / O I G , T h e A d e q u a c y o f t h e R e s i d e n c y V e r i f i c a t i o n P r o c e s s f o r t h e S u p p l e m e n t a l S e c u r i t y  

I n c o m e P r o g r a m  , A - 0 6 - 9 6 - 6 2 0 0 1 , M a y 1 9 9 7 , p a g e 5 .

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P r o j e c t L o c a t i o n  

W e s e le c t e d t h e El P a s o F O a s t h ep i lo t p r o je c t s i t e b e c a u s e o f i t sp r o x i m i t y t o t h e U . S . - M e x i c o b o r d e r .

E l P a s o , a c i t y o f a p p r o x i m a t e ly6 5 2 , 0 0 0 , s h ar e s it s c i t y b o r d e r w i t ht h e M e x i c a n b o rd e r . D i r e c t ly a c r o s st h e R i o G r a n d e ( c o n n e c t e d b y v a r io u sf o o t a n d a u t o m o b i le b r i d g e s ) isC i u d a d J u a r e z , M e x i c o , a c i t y o fa p p r o x i m a t e l io n . T h e r e ly 1 . 2 m i l l a t iv ee a s e o f t r a v e l b e t w e e n t h e t w o c i t ie sh a s re s u t e d in m a n y p e o p l ei d e n t i f y in g E l P a s o a n d C iu d a d J u a r e z

a s o n e la r g e c it y . S S A s t a f f a n dE l P a s o r e s id e n t s w i t h w h o m w e s p o k e b e l i e v e d r e s i d e n c y c h o i c e s o f t e n a r e b a s e do n c o s t a n d p r o x i m i t y t o f a m i l i v e in ay a n d f r ie n d s r a t h e r t h a n t h e d e s i re t o ls p e c i f ic c o u n t r y . T h e r e f o r e , S S A s t a f f h a v e s u g g e s t e d t h a t s o m e E l P a s o S S Ir e c ip i e n t s m a y n o t b e m e e t i n g t h e r es i d e n c y r e q u i r e m e n t s .

M E T H O D O L O G Y

W e re q u e s t e d a n e x t ra c t o f d a t a f r o m t h e S S R , t h e da t a b a s e S S A u s es t om a in t a in i n f o r m a t i o n o n S S I r e c i p ie n t s . W e s e le c t e d a l l S S I r e c ip i e n t s w i t h am a il i n g a d d re s s in t h e 7 9 9 0 1 a n d 7 9 9 1 2 Z I P c o d e s o f E l P as o , T e x a s . T h e s e Z I Pc o d e s w e re s e l y t o a d d r es s a v a r ie t y o f f a c t o r s , in c le c t e d j u d g m e n t a l l u d i n gp r o x im i t y t o t h e U . S . -M e x i c o b o r d e r , a s s u m e d h o u s e h o l e v e ld in c o m e l s , t h e n a t u r ea n d n u m b e r o f a l le g e d n o n r es i d e n t r e c i p i e n t s , a n d t h e n u m b e r o f re c i p i e n t s i n t h ef in a l s a m p l e .

W e c o l l e t t e r w a se c t e d d a t a f r o m N o v e m b e r 1 9 9 6 t h r o u g h F e b ru a ry 1 9 9 7 . A ls e n t t o r e c i p ie n t s r e q u e s t in g t h a t t h e y p r o v i d e , b y m a i l , d o c u m e n t s t o p r o v e t h a tt h e y ar e U . S . r es i d e n t s . A n y i n d i v i d u a l w h o d id n o t p r o v i d e d o c u m e n t a t io n ,p r o v i d e d i n s u f f ic i e n t d o c u m e n t a t io n , o r h a d a q u e s t i o n a b le a d d r es s w as

i s h r es i d e n c y . W e u s e d d a t a a n a lin v e s t ig a t e d t o e s t a b l y s is s o f t w a r e p r o g r a m s t o

y z e t h e c o l la n a l e c t e d d a t a . S in c e t h e p r im a r y f o c u s o f S T O P w a s t o v e r if yr es id e n c y , w e d id n o t d e t e rm in e w h e t h e r r ec i p ie n t s w o u d r e m a in e l e b a s e d o ni g i b lr e c e n t l e g is ly e n a c t e d o r p r o p o s e d l a t iv e c h a n g e s .

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T h is r e p o r t i s o n e i n a s e r ie s o f re p o r t s r e la t e d t o S T O P . A d d i t i o n a l r e p o r t s f o c u so n t h e d e m o g r a p h ic c h a r a c t e r is t ic s o f s a m p l e d r e c i p i e n t s , t h e i m p a c t o f S T O P o nF O o p e r a t io n s , a n d a p l o w - u p r e v ie w la n n e d f o l l o o k i n g a t t h e f u t u r e p a y m e n ts t a t u s o f s u s p e n d e d r e c ip i e n t s . T h i s in s p e c t i o n w a s c o n d u c t e d in a c c o r d a n c e w i t ht h e Q u a l i t y S t a n d a r d s f o r I n s p e c t i o n s   i s s u e d b y t h e P re s id e n t ' s C o u n c i l o n In t e g r it y

a n d E f f ic ie n c y .

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ll

F I N D I N G S S T O P R E S U L T S  

N E A R L Y A L L R EC I P I E N T S R ES P O N D E D T O S T O P L ET T ER

O f t h e 2 , 1 0 7 S S I r e c ip ie n t s t o w h o m w e s e n t le t t e r s , w e in c u d e d2 , 0 8 9 (9 9 . 1 p e r c e n t ) i n o u r r es i d e n c y r e v i e w . T h e r e m a i n in g 1 8 r e c ip ie n t s( 0 . 9 p e r c en t ) w e re n o l i g i b lo n g e r e l e f o r S S I a n d w e re e x c u d e d f r o m o u r r e v ie w .R ea s o n s f o r t h e ir e x c l o w .u s io n a r e s h o w n b e l

T a b l e 1 : R e c i p i e n t s E x c u d e d F r o m S T O P

R e a s o n E x c l u d e d f r o m R e v i e w N u m b e r E x c l u d e d f r o m R e v i e w

D i e d 1 0

Ex c e s s I n c o m e o r R e s o u r c e s 4

I n P r i s o n 3

N o t D i s a b l e d 1

F o r t y - F iv e P e r c e n t o f R e c i p ie n t s o r T h e i r R e p r es e n t a t i v e s R es p o n d e d t o t h e S T O P  

L e t t e r I n -P e r s o n  

A t h o u g h t h e S T O P le t t e r r e q u e s t e d r e c i p ie n t s o r t h e i r r e p r e s e n t a t iv e s t o m a i l t h e i rr es p o n s e , 4 5 . 2 p e r c e n t o f t h e c a s e s r e s u t e d in a n i n it ia l f a c e - t o - f a c e c o n t a c t w i t hr e c ip i e n t s o r t h e i r r e p r e s e n t a t iv e s . T h e ST O P w o r k e r s c o l le c t e d a n d re v i e w e dd o c u m e n t a t i o n a n d i n t e rv ie w e d t h e s e i n d i v i d u a ls . F o r t h o s e p r o v i d in gd o c u m e n t a t io n t h r o u g h t h e m a i l , S T O P w o r k e r s d i d n o t in t e r v ie w t h e r e c i p ie n t s o rt h e i r r e p re s e n t a t iv e s u n l e d t o p r o v i d e a d e q u a t e d o c u m e n t a t io n .e s s t h e y f a i l

T ab l e re 2 : T y p e o f I n it ia l C o n t a c t i n R e s p o n s e t o M a i l

I n i t ia l C o n t a c t N u m b e r o f C a s e s P e r c e n t a g e o f C a s e s

M a il 1 , 1 0 5 5 2 . 9

O f f i c e V is i t 9 4 4 4 5 . 2

P h o n e 1 8 0 . 9

N o C o n t a c t 2 2 1 . 0

T o t a l 2 , 0 8 9 1 0 0 . 0

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M o s t R e c i p ie n t s o r T h e i r R e p r e s e n t a t i v e s P r o v i d e d R e n t a n d U t i li t y R e c e ip t s t o  

V e r if y R e s i d e n c y  

I n o r d e r t o s u p p o rt t h e i r c a im o f re s id e n c y , w e r e q u e s t e d t h a t t h e s e r e c i p ie n t sp r o v i d e , b y m a i l , e v i d e n c e o f t h e i r U . S . r e s id e n c y f o r t h e p a s t y e a r . T h e t y p e s o f

e v i d e n c e w e a s k e d f o r in c u d e d :

( 1 ) p r o p e rt y , in c o m e , o r o t h e r t a x p a y m e n t r e c o r d s ;( 2 ) u t i l s , li t y b i ll e a s e s , o r r e n t p a y m e n t re c o r d s ; a n d( 3 ) d o c u m e n t s t h a t sh o w p a r t i c ip a t i o n in s o c i a l s e rv ic e p r o g r a m s .

O f t h e 2 , 0 8 9 s a m p l e d r e c i p ie n t s , 1 , 9 2 2 ( 9 2 . 0 p e r c e n t ) p r o v i d e d o n e o r m o r ed o c u m e n t s t o s u p p o r t t h e i r r e s id e n c y . R e n t a n d / o r u t i l i t y r e c e ip t s w e r e p r o v i d e dm o s t o f t e n a s re s id e n c y - s u p p o r t in g d o c u m e n t s . O f t h e 1 , 9 2 2 r e c ip i e n t s p ro v id in gd o c u m e n t s , 1 , 3 0 9 ( 6 8 . 1 p e r c e n t ) p r o v i d e d re n t r e c e ip t s a n d 1 , 0 6 0 ( 5 5 p e r c e n t )

p r o v i d e d u t i l i t y r e c e i p t s .

M O R E T H A N ON E - FO U R T H O F R EC I PI EN T S W E R E IN V E S T IG A T E D

W e c o n s i d e r e d 6 6 1 ( 3 1 . 6 p e r c e n t ) r e c ip i e n t s f o r f u r t h e r in v e s t ig a t i o n b a s e d o nt h e i r re s p o n s e - -6 4 5 b e c a u s e t h e y p r o v i d e d i n a d e q u a t e d o c u m e n t a t io n t o s u p p o r tt h e i r r e s id e n c y o r h a d a q u e s t io n a b le a d d r e s s a n d 1 6 b e c a u s e t h e y w e r e o v e r a g e8 0 . 5 P r io r t o c o n d u c t i n g t h e i n v e s t i g a t i o n s , 6 5 r e c ip i en t s o r t h e i r r e p r e s e n t a t i v e sp r o v i d e d e v i d e n c e t o s u p p o r t r e s id e n c y . T h e r e f o r e , e x c l u d in g t h e r e c i p ie n t sr e f e r r e d s t r ic t l y p r o v i d e dy b a s e d o n a g e a n d t h o s e t h a t s u b s e q u e n t ld o c u m e n t a t io n , w e in v e s t ig a t e d 5 8 0 r e c ip i e n t s ( 2 7 . 8 p e r c e n t ) d u e t o re s id e n c y

c o n c e r n s .

T h e M o s t F r e q u e n t l y S t a t e d R e a so n f o r In v e s t ig a t i o n W a s In s u f f ic i e n t Ev i d e n c e o f  R e s i d e n c y  

O f t h e 5 8 0 i n v e s t ig a t e d r ec i p ie n t s , 3 0 4 ( 5 2 . 4 p e r c e n t ) w e r e i n v e s t i g a t e d b a s e d o nt h e i r f a i lu r e t o p r o v i d e s u f f i c i e n t e v i d e n c e t o s u p p o r t t h e i r r es i d e n c y . O t h e rr e a s o n s in c u d e d r e c ip i e n t s in i t ia l l in g t o r es p o n d t o o u r ly f a il e t t e r ( 1 1 6 o r2 0 . 0 p e r c e n t ) , p r e l im in a r y f i n d in g s o f re s id e n c y i s s u e s ( 8 3 o r 1 4 . 3 p e r c e n t ) ,q u e s t i o n a b le a d d r e s s e s (7 4 o r 1 2 . 8 p e r c e n t ) , a n d o t h e r ( 3 o r 0 . 5 p e r c e n t ) .

5 W e f o u n d t h e 1 6 r e c i p ie n t s in v e s t i g a t e d b e c a u s e o f a g e t o b e a li v e . W e h a d d e t e r m i n e d t h a t t h e yw e r e r e s id e n t s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s b a s e d o n t h e i r r e s p o n s e s t o o u r l et t e r .

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O N E-F O U R T H O F I N V E S T IG A T E D R EC I PI EN T S H A D P A Y M EN T SS U S P EN D E D S A V IN G O V ER $ 2 . 9 M IL L IO N

O f t h e 5 8 0 r e c i p ie n t s in v e s t ig a t e d , 1 5 3 ( 2 6 . 4 p e r c e n t -- o r 7 . 3 p e r c e n t o f t o t a la t i o n ) f a i lr e v i e w e d p o p u l e d t o m e e t re s id e n c y r e q u i r e m e n t s . S u s p e n d in g t h e s e

in d i v id u a l s p r o d u c e d a p r o je c t e d 5 - y e ar c o s t s a v i n g s o f $ 2 , 9 3 2 , 5 1 6 i n S S Ip a y m e n t s . T h e r e as o n s w h y p a y m e n t s w e r e s u s p e n d e d f o r t h e s e 1 5 3 in d i v i d u a lsa r e s h o w n b e lo w .

T a b le 3 : R e a s o n s S S I Pa y m e n t s S u s p e n d ed

R e a s o n s P a y m e n t sS u s p e n d e d

N u m b e r o f S u s p e n d e dR e c i p i e n t s

P e r c e n t o f S u s p e n d e dR e c i p i e n t s

R e c i p i e n t s R es i d i n g O u t s i d et h e U n i t e d S t a t e s

1 3 4 8 7 . 6

R e c i p ie n t n o t i n t h e U n i t e dS t a t e s f o r 3 0 C o n t i n u o u sD a y s

1 6 1 0 . 4

F a i lu r e t o R e s p o n d t o L e t t e r 3 2 . 0

C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S O F S U S P E N D E D R E C I PI EN T S  

W e r e v i e w e d a v a i a b le S S A d a t a o n t h e 1 5 3 r e c i p ie n t s w h o s e S S I p a y m e n t s w e r e

s u s p e n d e d t o d e t e r m in e i f c h a r a c t e r is t ic s e x i s t e d t h a t c o u d h a v e le d u s t oq u e s t i o n t h e i r r es i d e n c y i n t h e U n i t ed S t a t e s a n d , i n t u r n , c o n d u c t a d d i t io n a lr e v ie w s a n d / o r in v e s t ig a t i o n s . In t h e r e m a i n d e r o f t h e r e p o r t , w e d i s c u s sc h a r a c t e r is t ic s c o m m o n t o t h e s e 1 5 3 S T O P r e c ip i e n t s , a s w e l l a s c h a r a c t e r is t ic sS T O P w o r k e rs t h o u g h t w o u l d b e i n d ic a t o r s o f n o n r e s id e n c y p r io r t o c o n d u c t i n gS T O P .

S U S P EN D E D R EC I PI EN T S S H A R E C O M M O N C H A R A C T E R IS T IC S

M o r e T h a n T h r e e -Q u a r t e r s o f S u s p e n d e d R e c i p ie n t s H a d N o F a c e - t o - F ac e  

R ed e t e r m i n a t io n I n t e rv ie w w i t h S S A in 2 o r M o r e Y e a r s  

O f t h e s u s p e n d e d r e c i p i e n t s , 7 9 . 8 p e r c e n t h a d n o f a c e - t o - f a c e re d e t e r m i n a t io nr e v ie w w i t h S S A i n 2 o r m o r e y e a r s . T h i s o u t c o m e is n o t e n t i r e ly u n e x p e c t e d .S S A p r o c e d u r e s r e q u i re f a c e - t o - f a c e re d e t e r m in a t i o n s in s p e c i f ic in s t a n c e s o n ly( e . g . , c a s e s t h a t m a t c h e s t a b l e s ) a n d t h e s e r e s u t s a r e s im i li s h e d p r o f i l a r t o t h o s e

e d r e c ip i e n t s . H o w e v e r , lo f o t h e r s a m p l a c k o f f a c e -t o - f a c e c o n t a c t b e t w e e n S S Aa n d r e c i p ie n t s l s a b i l s r e m a inim i t s S S A ’ i t y t o a s c e rt a i n w h e t h e r i n d i v i d u a l

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e 4 s u m m a r ize s t h e lU . S r es id e n t s . T a b l e n g t h o f t im e s in c e s u s p e n d e d r e c i p ie n t sla s t h a d a f a c e -t o - f a c e r e d e t e rm in a t io n w i t h S S A .

T a b le 4 : L a s t S S A F a c e -T o -F a c e R e d e t e r m in a t i o n R e v ie w

Y e a r s S i n c e L a s t F a c e - T o - Fa c eRe v ie w

N u m b e r o f S u s p e n d e dR e c i p i e n t s

P e r c e n t o f S u s p e n d e dR e c i p i e n t s

L e s s T h a n 1 Y e a r 1 4 9 . 2

1 Y e a r B u t L e s s T h a n 2 Y e a r s 1 7 1 1 . 1

2 Y e a r s B u t L e s s T h a n 4 Y e a r s 2 9 1 9 . 0

4 Y e a r s B u t L e s s T h a n 7 Y e a r s 1 7 1 1 . 1

7 Y e a r s o r M o r e 7 6 4 9 . 7

M o r e T h a n T w o - T h ir d s o f S u s p e n d e d R e c i p ie n t s W e r e M a le  

A t h o u g h m a le s a c c o u n t e d f o r 4 1 . 7 p e r c en t o f a l l r e v i e w e d r e c ip ie n t s , t h e ya c c o u n t e d f o r 6 8 . 6 p e r ce n t (1 0 5 o u t o f 1 5 3 ) o f r e c ip ie n t s w h o s e p a y m e n t s w e res u s p e n d e d . In a d d it io n , 1 2 . 0 p e r c e n t o f a l l m a le s h a d t h e ir p a y m e n t s s u s p e n d e d ,w h i l e s d id .e 3 . 9 p e r c e n t o f f e m a l

T a b l ee 5 : R e c ip i e n t s W h o A r e M a l

C h a r a c t e r i s t i c

A l l R e c i p ie n t s

( n = 2 , 0 8 9 )

N o tI n v e s t i g a t e d

( n = 1 , 5 0 9 )

I n v e s t i g a t e d

( n = 5 8 0 )

S u s p e n d e d

( n = 1 5 3 )M a l e 4 1 . 7 %

( n = 8 7 2 )3 9 . 1 %

( n = 5 9 0 )4 8 . 6 %

( n = 2 8 2 )6 8 . 6 %

( n = 1 0 5 )

A l e c t A l  m o s t T w o - T h ir d s o f S u s p e n d e d R e c ip ie n t s H a v e C o d e s T h a t R e f l ie n S t a t u s  

O f t h e 1 5 3 s u s p e n d e d r e c ip ie n t s , 6 4 . 1 p e r c e n t h a v e s t a t u s c o d e s o f “ K , ” “ P , ”e c t a l“ R , ” o r “ S . ” Ea c h o f t h e s e c o d e s r e f l i e n s t a t u s . 6 I n a d d i t io n , 1 0 . 3 p e r c en t o f

a l l r e c i p ie n t s w i t h s t a t u s c o d e s r e f l ie n s t a t u s h a d t h e ir p a y m e n t se c t in g a n a ls u s p e n d e d d u e t o r es i d e n c y i s s u e s (9 8 o f 9 5 3 r e c ip ie n t s ) .

6T h e c o d e s ’ m e a n in g s a r e a s f o l l y a d m it t e d t o U n i t e d S t a t e s f o r p e r m a n e n to w s : “ K ” – La w f u l l

P ” – A lr e s id e n c e ; “ i en w h o e n t e r ed t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s b e f o r e 1 / 1 / 7 2 w i t h c o n t i n u o u s r e s i d en c e s in c et h e n ( p re s u m e d l y a d m i t t e d f o r p e rm a n en t re s id e n c e ) ; “ i e n g r a n t e d le g a l l R ” – A l e g a l t e m p o r ar yr es id en t s t a t u s ; a n d “ S ” – A l e ga l p e r m a n e n t re s id en t s t a tu s .i e n g r a n t e d l

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e 6 : R e c ip ie n t s W i t h “ K , ” “ P , ” “ R , ” a n d “ S ” A lT a b l i e n C o d e s

C h a r a c t e r i s t i cA l l R e c i p ie n t s

( n = 2 , 0 8 9 )

N o tI n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 1 , 5 0 9 )

I n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 5 8 0 )

S u s p e n d e d( n = 1 5 3 )

S e le c t e d A l i e nC o d e 4 5 . 6 %( n = 9 5 3 ) 4 5 . 7 %( n = 6 9 0 ) 4 5 . 3 %( n = 2 6 3 ) 6 4 . 1 %( n = 9 8 )

O v e r O n e -H a f o f S u s p e n d e d R e c ip ie n t s H a d a t L e a s t O n e A d d r es s C h a n g e  

A d d r e s s c h a n g e s m a y i n d i c a t e a l i t y i n t h e c o m m u n i t y . T h i s m a ya c k o f s t a b i lin c r e a s e t h e l ih o o d t h a t a n in d iv i d u a l m a y li k e l i v e o u t s i d e t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s f o r ap e r io d o f t i m e . O f t h e s u s p e n d e d r e c i p ie n t s , 5 9 . 5 p e r c e n t h a d a d d r e s s c h a n g e s in1 9 9 5 o r 1 9 9 6 .

T a b le 7 : R e c i p ie n t s W i t h A d d r e s s C h a n g e s i n 1 9 9 5 a n d 1 9 9 6

C h a r a c t e r is t i c A l l R e c i p ie n t s( n = 2 , 0 8 9 )

N o tI n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 1 , 5 0 9 )

I n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 5 8 0 )

S u s p e n d e d( n = 1 5 3 )

A d d r e s sC h a n g e s in

1 9 9 5 o r 1 9 9 6

4 8 . 4 %( n = 1 , 0 1 2 )

4 4 . 5 %( n = 6 7 1 )

5 8 . 8 %( n = 3 4 1 )

5 9 . 5 %( n = 9 1 )

O n e -F o u r t h o f S u s p e n d e d R e c ip ie n t s H a v e D i f f e re n t M a il in g a n d R e s id e n c e  

A d d r e s s e s  

R e c i p ie n t s m a y h a v e d i f f e r e n t m a i l in g a n d r es i d e n c e a d d r e s s e s f o r a v a r ie t y o fr e a s o n s , in c l i v e r e d t o a n o t h e r p e r s o n ’u d i n g : ( 1 ) p r e f e r e n c e f o r h a v i n g m a i l d e l sr es id e n c e , s u c h a s a p a re n t o r f r ie n d ; ( 2 ) c o n c e r n t h a t m a i l m a y b e s t o le n f r o m ar es i d e n c e m a i l b o x ; o r (3 ) d e s ir e t h a t S S I p a y m e n t s a r e r e c e iv e d i n a t i m e ly m a n n e r

y ) . H o w e v e r , h a v in g d i f f e re n t m a i l( w h e n t h e r e c ip ie n t m o v e s f r e q u e n t l in g a n dr e s id e n c e a d d r e s s e s a ls o m a y a s s i s t s o m e r e c ip i e n t s i n h i d in g t h e f a c t t h a t t h e ya r e n o t U . S . r es i d e n t s .

A t h o u g h 6 . 2 p e r ce n t o f a ll r e v ie w e d r e c ip ie n t s h a v e d i f f e r e n t m a il in g a n dr es i d e n c e a d d r es s e s , 2 5 . 5 p e r c e n t o f a l l s u s p e n d e d r e c i p ie n t s h a v e t h i s

c h a r a c t e r is t ic . In a d d i t io n , 3 9 o f t h e 6 8 in v e s t ig a t e d re c i p ie n t s ( 5 7 . 4 p e r c e n t ) w h oh a v e d i f f e r e n t r es i d e n c e a n d m a i l i n g a d d r e s s es h a d t h e i r p a y m e n t s s u s p e n d e d .

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T a b l i n g A d d r e s s ese 8 : R e c ip ie n t s W i t h R e s id e n c e A d d r es s e s T h a t A r e D i f f e re n t T h a n M a i l

C h a r a c t e r i s t i cA l l R e c i p ie n t s

( n = 2 , 0 8 9 )

N o tI n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 1 , 5 0 9 )

I n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 5 8 0 )

S u s p e n d e d( n = 1 5 3 )

D i f f e re n tR e s i d e n c e a n dM a i li n g

A d d r e s s e s

6 . 2 %( n = 1 3 0 ) 4 . 1 %( n = 6 2 ) 1 1 . 7 %( n = 6 8 ) 2 5 . 5 %( n = 3 9 )

m o s t O n e -F o u rt h o f S u s p e n d e d R e c i p ie n t s L iv e i n A n o t h e r Pe rs o n ’  A l s H o u s e h o d  

s h o u s eh o l i t t lR ec i p ie n t s r e s id in g in a n o t h e r p e rs o n ’ d o f t e n h a d l e d o c u m e n t a t io n t os u p p o r t t h e i r r e s i d e n c y . V i r t u a l l e w a s in t h e n a m e o fy a l l d o c u m e n t a t i o n a v a i a b l

d - - n o t in t h e r e c i p i e n t s n a m e .t h e o w n e r o r p r im a r y r e n t e r o f t h e h o u s e h o l ’ T h e r e f o r e , w e in v e s t ig a t e d 6 9 . 2 p e r c e n t ( 1 0 8 o u t o f 1 5 6 ) o f t h e s e re c ip ie n t s . A f t e r c o n d u c t in g t h e s e in v e s t ig a t i o n s - -s p e a k in g w i t h n e i g h b o r s , a ll o w i n g r e c i p i e n t st o p r o v i d e a d d i t io n a l e v i d e n c e --p a y m e n t s w e r e s u s p e n d e d f o r 3 4 . 2 p e r c e n t ( 3 7 o u to f 1 0 8 ) o f t h o s e in v e s t ig a t e d w h o l s h o u s eh o d . O v e r al li v e d in a n o t h e r p e rs o n ’ ,2 4 . 2 p e r c e n t o f a l l s u s p e n d e d r e c ip ie n t s a l l i v i n g in a n o t h e re g e d t h e y w e r e lp e r s o n ’ s h o u s e h o d .

T a b l e g e d L iv i n g i n A n o t h e r P e rs o n ’e 9 : R e c ip ie n t s W h o A l l s H o u s e h o d

C h a r a c t e r is t i c A l l R e c i p ie n t s( n = 2 , 0 8 9 )

N o tI n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 1 , 5 0 9 )

I n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 5 8 0 )

S u s p e n d e d( n = 1 5 3 )

L i v e i n A n o t h e rP e r s o n ’ s

H o u s e h o ld

7 . 5 %( n = 1 5 6 )

3 . 2 %( n = 4 8 )

1 8 . 6 %( n = 1 0 8 )

2 4 . 2 %( n = 3 7 )

O v e r O n e - F if t h o f S u s p e n d ed R e c ip ie n t s Re n t e d C o m m e r c ia l M a il B o x e s  

S S A r e q u i re s t h e s t re e t a d d r e s s / lo c a t i o n o f t h e r es i d e n c e f r o m a n y p e r s o n u s in g am a il b o x a s a n a d d re s s . B y m a k in g a c o m m e r c ia l m a il b o x a p p e a r a s a r e s id e n c e ,t h e r e q u i r e m e n t i s c ir c u m v e n t e d a n d t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f re c ip i e n t s r e c e i v in g

e n t l e , w e f o u n d s e v e r a l c a s e s w h e r ep a y m e n t s f r a u d u l y i n c r e a s es . F o r e x a m p l r e c i p ie n t s u s e d a n a d d r e s s s im i l o w in g w h e n u s in g a c o m m e r c ia l m a il a r t o t h e f o l lb o x :

1 2 3 M a i n S t r e e t , A p t . 4 5E l P a s o , T X 7 9 9 0 1

1 0

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A s s h o w n i n T a b le 1 0 , 2 1 . 6 p e r c e n t o f a l l s u s p e n d e d r e c ip ie n t s re n t e d c o m m e r c ia lm a i l b o x e s e v e n t h o u g h o n l y 8 . 1 p e r c e n t o f t h o s e in v e s t ig a t e d r e n t e d s u c h b o x e s .In f a c t , 7 0 . 2 p e r c e n t ( 3 3 o u t o f 4 7 ) o f t h o s e in v e s t ig a t e d w h o r e n t e d c o m m e r c ia lm a il b o x e s h a d t h e ir S S I p a y m e n t s s u s p e n d e d .

T a b le 1 0 : R e c i p ie n t s W h o R e n t C o m m e rc i a l M a i l B o x e s t o R ec e i v e T h e ir M a i l

C h a r a c t e r i s t i cA l l R e c i p ie n t s

( n = 2 , 0 8 9 )

N o tI n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 1 , 5 0 9 )

I n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 5 8 0 )

S u s p e n d e d( n = 1 5 3 )

R e n t i n gC o m m e r c ia lM a il B o x e s

3 . 2 %( n = 6 7 )

1 . 3 %( n = 2 0 )

8 . 1 %( n = 4 7 )

2 1 . 6 %( n = 3 3 )

m o s t O n e - Fi f t h o f S u s p e n d e d R ec i p ie n t s W e r e 6 9 Y e a r s O l  A l d o r O d e r W h e n T h e y  

A p p l i e d f o r S S I  7

s w h o in i t ia l l ie d f o r S S I lS S A s t a f f e x p r e s s e d c o n c e r n a b o u t i n d iv i d u a l y a p p l a t e rt h a n a g e 6 5 . T h e y b e l s w h o w e r e e l e w o u l yie v e d t h a t m o s t i n d iv id u a l i g i b l d a p p lf o r S S I u p o n r e a c h in g a g e 6 5 . T h e y c o n c u d e d t h a t i n d iv i d u a l y in g w e ll a f t e rs a p p la g e 6 5 w e re m o r e l y t o b e o b t a i n i n g S S I f r au d u l y . H o w e v e r , t h e o v e r a l li k e l e n t lp e r c e n t a g e o f in v e s t ig a t e d in d i v i d u a l s w h o w e r e s u s p e n d e d (2 6 . 3 p e r c e n t , o r 1 5 2o u t o f 5 7 7 ) i s o n l y l sy s ig h t l o w e r t h a n t h e p e r c e n t a g e o f in v e s t ig a t e d i n d i v i d u a lo v e r a g e 6 9 a t t im e o f S S I a p p l ic a t io n w h o w e re s u s p e n d e d (3 0 . 3 p e r c e n t , o r 2 7o u t o f 8 9 ) .

T a b l i e d f o r S S Ie 1 1 : R e c ip i e n t s W h o W e r e 6 9 o r O d e r a t t h e T i m e T h e y A p p l

C h a r a c t e r i s t i cA l l R e c i p ie n t s

( n = 2 , 0 7 0 )

N o tI n v e s t i g a t e d(n = 1 , 4 9 3 )

I n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 5 7 7 )

S u s p e n d e d( n = 1 5 2 )

6 9 o r O l d e r a tT im e o f

A p p l ic a t i o n

1 3 . 2 %( n = 2 7 3 )

1 2 . 3 %( n = 1 8 4 )

1 5 . 4 %( n = 8 9 )

1 7 . 8 %( n = 2 7 )

L es s t h a n O n e -F if t h o f S u s p e n d e d R e c i p ie n t s U s e D i r e c t D e p o s it  

O n e m e t h o d f o r r e c i p ie n t s t o r e c e i v e S S I o r o t h e r a s s is t a n c e w h i le r e s id in g i n af o r e ig n c o u n t ry i s t o re q u e s t t h a t S S A “ d i re c t d e p o s i t ” t h e i r c h e c k s in t o a na c c o u n t a t a f in a n c ia l in s t i t u t io n . A s s h o w n i n T a b le 1 2 , 1 5 . 7 p e r c e n t o f t h es u s p e n d e d r e c i p ie n t s h a d t h e i r ch e c k s d i r e c t d e p o s i t e d . H o w e v e r , t h is is lo w e rt h a n t h e o v e r a ll f i g u r e o f 1 8 . 0 p e r c e n t f o r al l r e v i e w e d r e c i p i e n t s a n d s u g g e s t s

7 N o t a l l r e c i p ie n t s h a d a g e i n f o r m a t io n . T h e r e f o r e , n u m b e r s o f r ec i p i e n t s l e a n di s t e d i n t h e t a b ln a r r a t i v e f o r t h i s f i n d in g a r e l es s t h a n c o r r e s p o n d i n g n u m b e r s f o r o t h e r f i n d i n g s .

1 1

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t h a t o t h e r c h a r a c t e r is t ic s m a y p l e i n r es i d e n c y f r a u d f o r t h isa y a g r e a t e r ro lp o p u l a t i o n .

1 2

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T a b l e 1 2 : R e c ip ie n t s W i t h D i re c t D e p o s i t

C h a r a c t e r i s t i cA l l R e c i p ie n t s

( n = 2 , 0 8 9 )

N o tI n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 1 , 5 0 9 )

I n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 5 8 0 )

S u s p e n d e d( n = 1 5 3 )

D i re c t D e p o s i t 1 8 . 0 %( n = 3 7 5 ) 1 7 . 5 %( n = 2 6 4 ) 1 9 . 1 %( n = 1 1 1 ) 1 5 . 7 %( n = 2 4 )

U n d e r O n e -T w e n t ie t h o f S u s p e n d e d R e c i p ie n t s H a d P r io r R e s i d e n c y Is s u e s  

A t h o u g h r e l y s m a ll i n n u m b e r , w h a t m a k e s t h is s ig n i f ic a n t i s t h a ta t i v e l3 3 . 3 p e r ce n t o f a ll r e c ip ie n t s ( 7 o u t o f 2 1 ) , a n d 5 0 p e r ce n t o f t h o s e i n v e s t ig a t e d( 7 o u t o f 1 4 ) , w h o h a d t h e i r S S I p a y m e n t s s u sp e n d e d in 1 9 9 5 o r 1 9 9 6 d u e t or es i d e n c y i s s u e s a g a in h a d t h e i r S S I p a y m e n t s s u s p e n d e d .

T a b l e 1 3 : R e c i p ie n t s W i t h P r io r R e s i d e n c y I s s u e s

C h a r a c t e r i s t i cA l l R e c i p ie n t s

( n = 2 , 0 8 9 )

N o tI n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 1 , 5 0 9 )

I n v e s t i g a t e d( n = 5 8 0 )

S u s p e n d e d( n = 1 5 3 )

P r io r R e s i d e n c yIs s u e s

1 . 0 %( n = 2 1 )

0 . 5 %( n = 7 )

2 . 4 %( n = 1 4 )

4 . 6 %( n = 7 )

M O R E T H A N ON E -H A L F O F S U S P EN D E D R E C I PI EN T S EX H IB IT E D F O U RO R M O R E C H A R A C T E R IS T IC S

O f t h e 1 5 3 s u s p e n d e d r e c i p i e n t s , 5 8 . 9 p e r c e n t h a d 4 o r m o r e o f t h e1 0 c h a r a c t e r is t ic s id e n t i f ie d a s in d i c a t o r s o f n o n r es i d e n c y . H o w e v e r , o u r a n a ly s is

e p r o f i l e s lo f t h e s e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s d i d n o t p o i n t t o a s in g l e ( e . g . , m a l i v i n g ina n o t h e r p e rs o n ’ d u s in g d ir e c t d e p o s i t a n d h a v in g a c o m m e r c ia l m a ils h o u s e h o lb o x ) . In c o n t r as t , o n ly 2 0 . 4 p e r c e n t o f a l l o t h e r re c ip ie n t s h a d f o u r o r m o r e o f t h ec h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . 8

8 N o r e c i p ie n t s e x h i b it e d m o r e t h a n s e v e n t o t a l c h a r a c t e r i s t ic s .

1 3

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T a b l e 1 4 : R e c ip i e n t s W i t h S h a r e d C h a r a c t e r is t ic s

N u m b e r o fC h a r a c t e r i s t i c s

P e r c e n t a g e o f S u s p e n d e dR e c i p i e n t s

P e r c e n t a g e o f A l lO t h e r R e c i p i e n t s

0 0 . 0 0 . 81 1 . 3 1 4 . 9

2 1 5 . 0 3 2 . 8

3 2 4 . 8 3 1 . 1

4 3 0 . 1 1 4 . 9

5 1 9 . 6 4 . 3

6 7 . 2 1 . 0

7 2 . 0 0 . 2

1 4

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C O N C L U S I O N A N D R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S W e i d e n t i f i e d 1 0 c h a r a c t e r is t ic s a s so c ia t e d w i t h t h e in d i v i d u a l s S S A su sp en d edb a s e d o n o u r in v e s t ig a t i v e re s u t s . A m a jo r i t y o f s u s p e n d e d r e c ip i e n t s e x h i b it e df o u r o r m o r e o f t h e s e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s . W e re c o g n i ze t h a t n o n r es i d e n t c a im a n t sa n d r e c ip i e n t s f ro m o t h e r F O s m ig h t e x h i b i t d i f f e r e n t c h a r a c t e r is t ic s o rc o m b in a t i o n s a n d / o r f r e q u e n c ie s o f t h e s a m e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s . H o w e v e r , o u r

e t o d e v e lf in d in g s s u g g e s t t h a t i t i s p o s s ib l o p in d ic a t o r s o f n o n r e s i d e n t s . T h is ,c o m b i n e d w i t h t h e n u m b e r o f t h e S T O P -r e la t e d s u s p e n s io n s a n d t h e re s u t in g$ 2 , 9 3 2 , 5 1 6 in c o s t s a v in g s b a s e d o n a 5 - y e a r p r o je c t io n , s u g g e s t s t h a t S S A ’ se f f o r t s ar e w e l l s p e n t o n t r y in g t o i d e n t if y n o n r es i d e n t s . T h e r e f o r e , w er e c o m m e n d t h a t S S A :

1 . d e v e l o c a llo p g u id a n c e o n u s in g l y d e t e rm in e d c h a r ac t e r i s t ic s w h ic h w o u dw a r r a nt i n - d e p t h in v e s t ig a t i o n t o a c c u r a t e ly d e t e rm in e r es i d e n c y s t a t u s ;

2 . d ia r y c a s e s o f re c i p ie n t s w h o s e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s in d ic a t e t h e y ar e l y t oik elb e c o m e n o n r e s id e n t s o r w h o a r e p r o n e t o p e r io d s o f a b s e n c e f r o m t h e U n i t e dS t a t e s f o r f o l l e p h o n e c a l lo w - u p c o n t a c t s ( e . g . , t e l s t o t h e s t a t e d r es i d e n c e t od e t e r m in e i f t h e r e c ip i en t i s s t i l l r e s id in g a t t h e r es i d e n c e ) ; a n d

3 . c o n d u c t f a c e - t o - f a c e r e d e t e r m i n a t io n s w i t h r e c i p ie n t s w h o s e c h a r a c t e r is t ic ss u g g e s t t h a t t h e y m ig h t b e n o n r es i d e n t s o r p r o n e t o p e r io d s o f a b s e n c e f r o m

t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s .

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a n s t o im p lS S A a g re es w i t h o u r r e c o m m e n d a t io n s a n d p l e m e n t t h e m . ( S e eA p p e n d ix A f o r t h e f u ll t e x t o f S S A ’ s c o m m e n t s . ) T h e A g e n c y s t a t e d t h a tt e c h n i q u e s i d e n t i f ie d in t h i s re p o r t a n d o t h e r r es i d e n c y s t u d i e s w i l l b e u s e d t o

o p r e c ip ie n t c h a r a c t e r is t ic s . T h e s e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s m a y b e h e l o c a l ld e v e l p f u l l y i nd e t e r m in i n g i f r e c i p ie n t s a r e r e s id e n t s a n d p r o f i l i n g t h o s e w h o s h o u d r e c e iv e f a c e -t o - f a c e r e d e t e r m in a t i o n s in o r d e r t o e s t a b l is h a n d / o r v e r if y r e s id e n c y . W e h a v e

m o d i f ie d t h e r e p o rt t o a d d r e s s t e c h n i c a l c o m m e n t s .

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B a s e d o n t h e in v e s t ig a t i o n , t h e O f f ic e o f t h e I n s p e c t o r G e n e r al ( O I G ) d e t e r m i n e dw h e n a n in d i v i d u a l in i t ia l l e d t o m e e t t h e r e s id e n c y r e q u i re m e n t s a n d t o t a ly f a il e d a l lp a y m e n t s m a d e b e t w e e n t h i s m o n t h a n d t h e m o n t h t h e in v e s t ig a t i o n t o o k p la c e t od e t e rm in e t h e a m o u n t o f t h e o v e r p a y m e n t . A n e x a m p l p i l le w i l l h e l u s t ra t e t h isp o i n t . O I G d e t e r m i n e d t h a t a n in d i v i d u a l w a s l i v i n g in M e x i c o a s o fD e c e m b e r 1 , 1 9 9 4 . T h e in v e s t i g a t i o n t o o k p l a c e i n J a n u a r y 1 9 9 7 . A s s u m in g t h ep a y m e n t w a s $ 2 9 5 a m o n t h f o r t h e e n t i r e p e r i o d , t h e o v e rp a y m e n t w o u d t o t a l$ 7 , 6 7 0 ( 2 6 x $ 2 9 5 ) f o r t h i s i n d i v id u a l .

O I G u s e d t h e m o n t h l ie d i t b y 6 0 t oy p a y m e n t a m o u n t f o r a n i n d iv i d u a l a n d m u t ip ld e t e r m i n e t h e 5 - y e a r c o s t s a v in g s f o r t h e i n d i v id u a l U s i n g t h e a b o v e e x a m p l. e ,t h e 5 - y e a r c o s t s a v in g s a s s o c ia t e d w i t h t h i s i n d i v id u a l w o u l d b e$ 1 7 , 7 0 0 ( 6 0 x $ 2 9 5 ) .

O IG t o t a le d a l l o v e r p a y m e n t s a n d c o s t s a v in g s f o r t h e 1 5 3 s u s p e n d e d r e c ip ie n t s t oar r iv e a t t h e $ 2 , 9 3 2 , 5 1 6 i n p r o j ec t e d c o s t s a v i n g s .

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O f f ic e o f t h e In s p e c t o r G e n e r a l

W i ia m Fe r n a n d e z , D i r ec t o r , P ro g r a m A u d i t s ( W e s t ) B r ia n P a t t i s o n , D e p u t y D i re c t o r E l u a t o r s ie C h a is s o n , S e n i o r E v a l G e o r g e D e L u n a , S e n i o r E v a l

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F o r A d d i t i o n a l c o p ie s o f t h i s r e p o r t , p le a s e c o n t a c t t h e O f f i c e o f t h e In s p e c t o rG e n er al’ i s t a t ( 4 1 0 ) 9 6 6 - 9 1 3 5 . R e f e r t o C o m m o ns P u b ic A f f a i rs S p e c ia lId e n t i f ic a t io n N u m b e r A - 0 6 - 9 7 - 2 2 0 0 8 .

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