social studies companion guide final

1

Adapting Curriculum and Classroom Environments for Student Success

Companion Guide for

Grade Band Extensions

Social Studies

1

Adapting Curriculum and Classroom Environments for Student Success

Companion Guide for

Grade Band Extensions

Social Studies

1

Introduc on

Welcome to the Delaware Content Standards Grade Band Extensions (GBEs) Social Studies Companion Guide!

The Adap ng Curriculum and Classroom Environments for Student Success (ACCESS) Project at the University of Delaware’s

Center for Disabili es Studies in partnership with the Delaware Department of Educa on developed this guide to assist

educators in naviga ng the GBEs. This tool provides educators various avenues to select content standards in order to develop

lessons that provide access to the general educa on curriculum for students with significant intellectual disabili es.

The Companion Guide does not replace the GBEs. It is a reference tool to be used in conjunc on with the Delaware Content

Standards GBE document. To view the complete GBE documents, visit the ACCESS Project website at deaccessproject.org.

Table of Contents

Understanding the document 2

K-3 5

4-5 15

6-8 25

HS 35

2

The guide was developed not only to iden fy content standards but to provide the user with addi onal resources to assist in the

crea on and implementa on of classroom lessons.

This document is divided by grade band as shown in the shaded bar at the top of each page.

To assist in connec ng both this guide and the GBE document, refer to the corresponding page number(s) provided on the upper

right‐hand side of each page.

Covered in this standard: The essence (main idea)

is listed for each grade level expecta on as

iden fied in the GBE document.

Essen al essences (in bold) have been iden fied as

those that are cri cal for student success based on

a criteria of importance across school, life, and

state assessment. While all standards are important to address, those bolded should be given priority.

Understanding the document

3

Model Units: Grade level model units are available

from the Delaware Department of Educa on

website (www.doe.k12.de.us) and can be adapted

for classroom use.

Addi onal Unit Ideas:* Topics or thema c ideas are provided for developing standards‐based lessons.

Real life applica on:* Real life applica ons can

be used as an entry point to select standard(s).

Addi onally, these real life ac vi es may be

embedded within a lesson and can aid in generaliza on of skills.

Social Studies terms used in this standard:* Key

terminology is defined to assist teachers in

understanding concepts in order to develop and

implement standards‐based lessons.

Understanding the document

*Items listed are intended to provide examples and are not exhaus ve.

4

5

Social Studies

K‐3

6

Civics

Covered in this standard: (Essen al bolded) GBE page 7/9

Elec ons and representa on (3.4) Respect for authority figures (3.4)

Group par cipa on (3.4) Respect for others (1.2/3.4)

Importance of leaders (1.1) Responsibili es of authority figures (1.2)

Leaders as representa ves (3.3) Rights and responsibili es (3.3)

Need for authority (1.1) Rights, responsibili es, privileges (3.4)

Requirements of democracy (3.3)

K‐3

Model Units: (K‐1) Par cipa ng in a Group; (2) Respect in a Civil Society; (3) Ci zenopoly

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Ci zenship; Elec ons; Respect; Rights and Responsibili es; School and Community Leaders;

Vo ng

Real life applica on: Iden fying authority figures; Following rules of the school; Par cipa ng in a group ac vity; Using

good manners; Reci ng the Pledge of Allegiance; Iden fying community helpers (police/fire departments); Using 911;

Expressing an opinion; Showing respect for others

7

Civics

Social Studies terms used in this standard: GBE page 7/9

K‐3

Authority‐ a power or right that is delegated or given

Citizen‐ a member of a nation

Civics‐ the study of US citizenship

Democracy‐ a government in which the people rule

Elections‐ selection of a person or persons for office by a vote

Political‐ pertaining to or concerned with politics

Representation‐ the action of having someone speak for another

Representative government‐ a government in which the people elect a person to make political decisions

8

Economics


Availability of resources (1.2) Resource use (1.2/3.3)

Balancing resources and wants (3.4) Resources (1.1)

Choices of consumers and producers (3.3) Sa sfying wants (3.4)

Economic decision‐making (1.2/3.3) Specializa on (1.1/3.2)

Economic interdependence (3.4) Trade (1.1/1.2)

Interdependence between countries (3.3) Types of exchange (3.4)

Medium of exchange (3.3) Weighing costs versus benefits (3.4)

K‐3

Model Units: (2) Scarcity and Wants, Trading Partners; (3) Economic Exchange, Resources and Produc on

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Money; Resources; Saving Money; Wants versus Needs

Real life applica on: Iden fying the cost of wanted items; Understanding wants versus needs; Shopping; Paying for

items; Making a small purchase; Iden fying coins; Receiving an allowance; Trading snacks or toys

9

Economics


K‐3

Barter‐ to exchange goods or services without the use of money

Benefit‐ the amount of money that will be saved or generated as the result of an action

Commodity‐ a product that can be traded

Consumer‐ a person who buys a product or service

Cost‐ the total money, time, and resources associated with a purchase or activity

Economic interdependence‐ the relationship between two or more people, regions, or businesses in which each relies on the other

for goods and services

Goods‐ products that fulfill the needs of the market

Limited resources‐ the lack of goods or materials used to generate income

Macroeconomics‐ the study of the economy as a whole

Medium of exchange‐ anything used to make payments for goods and services

Microeconomics‐ the study of the economy focused on individual units and specific goods and services

Producer‐ the maker of a product

Services‐ the exchange of goods or expertise (e.g., doctor’s visit, lawyer)

Specialization‐ specific resources of an area that concentrate production on one or a small number of goods and services

Trade‐ the buying or selling of goods

10

Geography


Climate and landforms (3.2/3.4) Map features (1.1)

Climate and landforms affect human ac vity (3.3) Maps and globes (1.1/3.5)

Concepts of place and region (1.2) Places change for many reasons (3.4)

Connec ons of regions around the world (3.3) Places have similar or different cultures for various reasons (3.3)

Features on maps (3.3) Simple pa erns that connect regions and places (3.4)

How people live in different places (1.1) Symbols of maps and globes (1.2)

Human se lement and ac vi es (3.5) Types of maps (3.4)

K‐3

Model Units: (K‐1) Thinking About Maps and Globes; (3) Places, Regions, Using Maps and Globes

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Con nents; Countries Around the World; Cultural Ac vi es; Monuments and Landmarks;

Mountains of the World; Na onal and State Parks; The United States

Real life applica on: Following map direc ons; Reading a map (school, community); Loca ng states and regions;

Visi ng community resources (post office, doctor’s office); Prac cing family tradi ons; Ea ng ethnic foods; Traveling

with your family

11

Geography


K‐3

Climate‐ the usual weather documented in a certain area over many years

Compass rose‐ the direction marker (East, West, North, South) on a map

Culture‐ a specific way of life

Landform‐ shapes that make up the Earth’s surface such as mountains, hills, or plains

Map feature‐ distinct area that can be identified on a map (e.g., land, water)

Region‐ an area with at least one feature that makes it different from other areas

12

History


Chronological order (3.4) Reasoning for chronological order (3.3)

Describe the past (1.1) Record or locate events (3.5)

Gathering informa on from ar facts and documents (3.4) Use of ar facts and documents (1.1)

Inferences from ar facts and documents (3.4) Use of clock and calendar (1.1)

Learning from ar facts and documents (3.3) Using physical evidence to learn about the past (3.3)

K‐3

Model Units: (K‐1) Schedules; (2) Wri ng a Story of the Past

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Current Events; Family Trees; The History of Me; Time Capsules; Timelines

Real life applica on: Understanding cause and effect (personal and the world); Crea ng a family tree; Taking a field

trip to a museum or historical site; Forming opinions based on past events; Crea ng a meline; Knowing your personal

history; Watching the news; Using a clock or calendar; Using a schedule; Crea ng a photo album or scrapbook

13

History


K‐3

Artifact‐ an object remaining from a particular period of time

Chronology‐ a record of events in the order in which they occurred

Historical document‐ a document that contains important information about a person, place, or event

Physical evidence‐ an artifact that can support a person, place, or event

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15

Social Studies

4‐5

16

Civics


Balance of power (5.2) Due process (5.1/5.3)

Becoming informed about candidates and issues (5.1/5.2) Federal versus state governments (5.2)

Becoming informed to select effec ve leaders (5.3) Government structures (5.3)

Bill of Rights (5.1/5.2) Reason for government (5.1)

Civic responsibili es (5.1) Responsibili es of government branches (5.3)

Civic responsibility and personal civility (5.3) Rule of law (5.2)

Civility (5.2) Separa on of power (5.1)

Democra c decision‐making (5.1/5.2/5.3)

4‐5

Model Units: (4) Branches of Government, Democra c Methods, Liberty and Ci zenship, Our Community: Profiles and

Connec ons; (5) Bill of Rights, Due Process, Mock Elec ons

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Branches of Local and Federal Government; Current Events; Patrio sm; School Rules; Vo ng

Real life applica on: Using good manners; Following community rules/laws; Iden fying authority figures and leaders;

Par cipa ng in a group; Showing respect for your country; Knowing your personal informa on; Watching the news;

Understanding student government; Expressing wants, needs and opinions; Par cipa ng in a classroom or schoolwide

poll or vote

17

Civics


4‐5

Bill of Rights‐ the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution, which set forth basic rights guaranteed to all Americans

Democratic‐ participating in a government in which the people rule (rule of the majority)

Civic responsibility‐ the responsibilities of a citizen

Civics‐ the study of US ci zenship

Due process‐ the right to a fair trial

Executive branch‐ the part of government that carries out the laws (president, presidential cabinet)

Federal government‐ the part of government that is run by national leaders

Government‐ an authority that acts on behalf of a group of people

Judicial branch‐ the part of government that interprets and maintains that laws are carried out fairly (Supreme Court)

Law‐ a rule of conduct enforced by the government

Legislative branch‐ the part of government that creates laws (Congress, Senate, House of Representatives)

State government‐ the part of government run by a state’s leaders

18

Economics


Benefits of saving or borrowing (5.2) Produc on, distribu on, and exchange (5.3)

Differences in economic systems (5.1) Role of banks in the economy (5.3)

Economic choices (5.6) Saving, inves ng, or borrowing money (5.1)

Economic rela onships (5.3) Specializa on and trading (5.1)

Exchange of goods and services (5.2) Supply and demand (5.1/5.3/5.5)

Government economic incen ves (5.4) Trade creates interdependence (5.2)

Price in a market economy (5.2)

4‐5

Model Units: (4) Economic Systems; (5) Reasons for Banks, Thinking Economically

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Compara ve Shopping; Mini Business Society; Money Sense; Producers and Consumers; Supply

and Demand

Real life applica on: Opening a savings account; Receiving an allowance; Shopping (coupons and sales); Knowing

where goods come from; Understanding needs versus wants; Understanding the value of money; Using PBS ckets or

token economy; Buying lunch; Making a purchase; Using a vending machine; Par cipa ng in a class or school bake sale;

Par cipa ng in a mock business society (e.g., Junior Achievement)

19

Economics


4‐5

Command economy‐ an economy where supply and price are regulated by the government rather than market forces


Demand‐ a desire for a good or service

Distribution‐ the sale of a large amount over a period of time

Economy‐ the way people of a state, region, or country use resources to meet their needs

Economic incentive‐ a reward that encourages production and distribution of goods and services

Exchange‐ the trade of goods and services that are equal in their value




Investing‐ the expectation of making money in the future off of a valuable item or product purchase


Market economy‐ an economy model where the decisions are made only by consumers and suppliers


Products‐ items offered to the marketplace that satisfy needs or wants

Services‐ the exchange of goods or expertise (e.g., doctor’s visit, lawyer)

Specialization‐ specific resources of an area that concentrate production on one or a small number of goods and services

Supply‐ the total amount of goods or services available for purchase

Trade‐ the buying and selling of goods

Tradi onal economics‐ the result of li le economic growth due to primi ve tools and methods used in communi es

20

Geography


Communi es are made up of physical and cultural features (5.4) Locate places on maps or globes (5.2)

Environmental changes affect human ac vity and vice versa (5.3) Loca ons of human se lements (5.3)

Every place is different (5.1) Map scales and projec ons (5.3)

Human ac vity affects the physical environment and vice versa (5.4) Mental maps (5.1/5.4)

Human adapta ons to different environments (5.2) Places are affected by their surroundings (5.3)

Impact of human ac vity on physical features (5.1) Places change over me (5.2)

Impact of site and situa on on economic ac vity (5.2) Site and situa on (5.1)

4‐5

Model Units: (4) Developing Mental Maps; (5) Thinking Geographically

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Colonial Times; Diversity; Maps and Globes; Our State‐ Delaware; People and Where They Live

Real life applica on: Understanding natural disasters (hurricanes, earthquakes); Iden fying important places in the

community; Following map direc ons; Using a map to find a loca on; Understanding diversity; Traveling with your

family; Journaling; Observing a historical reenactment; Visi ng a museum or historical site; Recycling

21

Geography


4‐5

Cultural features‐ the characteristics of an area based on a specific way of life (e.g., religion, people, heritage, ethnicity)

Grid system‐ an arrangement of lines that divides something, such as a map into squares (longitude, latitude)

Latitude‐ lines on a map or globe that run east and west

Longitude‐ lines on a map or globe that run north and south

Map scale‐ part of a map that compares a distance on the map to a distance in the real world

Mental map‐ a way to memorize information about a place, region, or area

Orientation‐ one’s position as it relates to the northern point on a compass

Physical features‐ properties that can be observed or measured without changing an object

Site‐ the position or location of an area as it relates to its environment

Situation‐ location of a place relative to its surroundings


22

History


Cause and effect from historical materials (5.2) Historical accounts of the same event differ (5.3)

Cause and effect from historical sources (5.2) Historical evidence alters historical accounts (5.2)

Chronological order of historical materials (5.1) Impact of cause and effect on other events (5.3)

Chronology and analysis of change over me (5.3) Impact of point of view on historical accounts (5.1)

Chronology of historical sources (5.1) Primary and secondary sources (5.1)

Drawing conclusions using historical sources (5.2) Primary and secondary sources provide historical data (5.3)

4‐5

Model Units: (4) Thinking Chronologically; (5) Interpre ng the Past

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Ancestry; Ancient Civiliza ons; Christopher Columbus; Civil War; Colonial America; Current

Events; Delaware History; Revolu onary War; Timelines; World History

Real life applica on: Understanding cause and effect (personal and world); Par cipa ng in family tradi ons; Forming

opinions based on the past; Crea ng or reading a meline; Crea ng a photo album or scrapbook; Watching the news;

Crea ng a family tree; Visi ng a museum or historical site; Journaling; Using a calendar; Using the library

23

History


4‐5

Artifact‐ an object remaining from a particular period of time

Chronology‐ a record of events in the order in which they occurred


Historical interpretation‐ a particular version of a historical person, place, or event

Historical period‐ a period of time relating to the past (e.g., Industrial Revolution, Civil War)

Historical source‐ the record of a person, place, or event that occurred in the past

Primary source‐ a record of an event documented by a person who saw or took part in it

Secondary source‐ a record of an event documented by a person who was not there at the time

24

25

Social Studies

6‐8

26

Civics


Applica on of the principles of the U.S. government (8.2) Majority rule and protec on of minority rights (8.4)

Bill of Rights (8.1) Powers of government (8.1/8.2/8.3)

Civil rights and property rights are protec ons (8.3) Principles of U.S. government (8.1)

Civil rights protect freedom (8.1) Protec on from discrimina on (8.3)

Communica on with public officials (8.1/8.2/8.3) Protec on of the rights of minori es (8.2)

Federalist government (8.2) Property rights protect freedom (8.2)

Func ons of government vary by level (8.3) Responsibili es of a ci zen (8.1)

Levels of government (8.1) Responsibili es of American ci zens (8.3)

Major American state papers (8.3) Responsibili es preserve freedom (8.2)

6‐8

Model Units: (6) Culture and Civiliza on; (7) Conflict and Coopera on, Expansion of Freedom, Project Ci zen;

(8) American Principles, Federalism

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Civil Rights; Freedom; Poli cal Par es; State and Local Government; Revolu onary War; Vo ng

Real life applica on: Being a good ci zen; Using good manners; Following rules and laws; Visi ng a courthouse or

state capital; Par cipa ng in a group or team; Iden fying personal informa on; Watching the news; Reading a

newspaper; Following current events, Understanding your rights and responsibili es (US ci zen, student, community);

Vo ng; Expressing wants, needs, and opinions; Prac cing self‐advocacy

27

Civics


6‐8

Bill of Rights‐ the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution which set forth basic rights guaranteed to all Americans


Civil rights‐ the right of a citizen to equal treatment

Discrimination‐ unfair actions taken against people because they belong to a particular group

Federal government‐ the part of government that is run by national leaders

Federalism‐ a system of government based on the division between national and state government


Majority rule‐ a system in which the decision of more than half of the people becomes the rule

Minority rights‐ individual freedom without regards to race, sex, language, or religion

Property rights‐ rights to own and profit from land, capital, or other goods

Public official‐ a person elected to perform a specific political job

State government‐ the part of government run by a state’s leaders

State papers‐ legislative and executive documents created during the period 1789‐1838

28

Economics


Economic growth (8.1/8.2) Specializa on creates interdependence (8.1)

Government taxes and spending affect the economy (8.3) Supply and demand (8.1/8.2)

Influence of cultural values on economics (8.2/8.3) Technology, cost, and demand impact price (8.3)

Resources affect economic decision‐making (8.1) Trade policies (8.2/8.3)

Specializa on and interdependence (8.4)

6‐8

Model Units: (6) Economic Systems; (7) Why Trade; (8) How Markets Work, Money, Banking and Taxes

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Budge ng; Economic Decision‐Making; Marke ng; Stocks and Bonds; Supply and Demand;

Taxes; Technology

Real life applica on: Buying from local stores; Saving money for a desired item; Trading money for goods or services;

Shopping; Compara ve shopping; Understanding supply and demand; Calcula ng sales tax or fees; Using coupons;

Knowing where to purchase a specific item; Using PBS ckets or token economy; Crea ng and using a budget

(allowances)

29

Economics


6‐8

Benefit‐ the amount of money that will be saved or generated as the result of an action

Cost‐ the total money, time, and resources associated with a purchase or activity

Cultural values‐ the commonly held standards of what is and is not acceptable in a community or society

Demand‐ a desire for a good or service

Economic policy‐ a course of action intended to correct or avoid an economic problem

Free trade‐ the absence of government‐imposed barriers to trade among different nations

Goods‐ products that fulfill the needs of a market

Income‐ the amount of money received during a period of time in exchange for labor or services

International trade‐ the exchange of goods or services across international borders or territories




Products‐ items offered to the marketplace that satisfy needs or wants

Services‐ the exchange of goods or expertise (e.g., doctor’s visits, lawyer)

Supply‐ the total amount of goods or services available for purchase

Tax‐ a required payment to the government to support state and federal government services

Taxable‐ a product, income, or activity that is subject to government fees

30

Geography


Conflict/coopera on contribute to territories (8.4) Influences of cultural hearths on different regions (8.2)

Economic ac vi es (8.4) Map features (8.3)

Effects of natural environments on people in different regions (8.3) Mental maps (8.1/8.2/8.4)

Factors that affect economic ac vity (8.2) Processes that shape the natural environment (8.1)

Geographical boundaries (8.1) Specializa on of economic regions (8.3)

Human ac vity is different depending on the region (8.3) Spread of culture and ideas to different places (8.2)

Impact of people on their environment (8.2) Territory and conflict (8.3)

Influence of culture and resources on territories (8.2) Types of geographic regions (8.1)

6‐8

Model Units: (6) Building Global Mental Maps, Reasons for Regions; (7) Green Ci es

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Ancient Civiliza ons; Carbon Footprints; Diversity; Early Explora on; Immigra on; Industrial

Revolu on; Natural Disasters; Western Expansion; World History and Cultures

Real life applica on: Understanding natural disasters (hurricanes, earthquakes); Understanding that where you live

affects what you do; Loca ng places on a map (community, state, country, world); Reading maps for informa on;

Traveling; Raising money for a relief effort (e.g., Red Cross); Being green; Ea ng sustainable foods; Visi ng or

par cipa ng in a cultural event

31

Geography


6‐8

Conflict‐ to disagree over opposite opinions

Cultural hearth‐ a location in which a particular culture has evolved

Culture‐ a specific way of life

Geographic boundary‐ borders or divisions of an area, territory, or region

Geographic region‐ an area in which many features are similar

Mental map‐ a way to memorize information about a place, region, or area

Natural environment‐ climate, weather, and natural resources that affect human survival and economic activity


Resource‐ an available supply that can be drawn on when needed

Territory‐ land that belongs to a national government but is not a state

32

History


Cause and effect of historical trends and themes (8.2) Historical change over me (8.3)

Change over me (8.1) Historical descrip ons (8.3)

Conduct research through historical sources (8.2) Historical sources (8.1)

Credible historical sources (8.3) Inves ga on of historical ques ons (8.1)

Different historical conclusions from the same sources (8.2) Purpose of historical documents (8.4)

Examina on of historical documents (8.6) Research skills (8.5)

6‐8

Model Units: (7) Historical Research; (8) Interpre ng the Past

Addi onal Unit Ideas: African American History; Ancient Civiliza ons; Comparing Places or Sources; Current Events;

Explorers of the World; Fact versus Opinion; Historical Research (gathering and evalua ng); Industrial Revolu on; Past

and Present Lifestyles; Pioneers; Westward Expansion

Real life applica on: Understanding cause and effect of events (personal, worldwide); Par cipa ng in family

tradi ons; Crea ng a meline; Providing personal informa on or medical history; Reading the newspaper; Watching

the news; Following current events; Crea ng a research‐based presenta on; Wri ng an autobiography; Journaling;

Crea ng a photo album or scrapbook; Using the library

33

History


6‐8

Historian‐ a person whose work is to study the past

Historical conclusion‐ an outcome based on factual information about a past person, place, or event


Historical period‐ a period of time relating to the past (e.g., Industrial Revolution, Civil War)

Historical source‐ the record of a person, place, or event that occurred in the past

Historical trend‐ past events that impact the general direction of future events



34

35

Social Studies

HS

36

Civics


Changes in government (HS.1/HS.2) Poli cal par es in democracy (HS.2)

Civic par cipa on (HS.1/HS.2/HS.3) Process of working in a poli cal group (HS. 4)

Communica on with government agencies (HS.1/HS.2/HS.3) Public interest groups (HS.2)

Par cipa on within a poli cal party (HS.1) Role of poli cal par es (HS.3)

Policy debates (HS.3) Structures of governments (HS. 1/ HS.2/ HS.3)

Poli cal par es (HS. 1)

HS

Model Units: (9) Project Ci zen: Public Policy, Responsibili es of Ci zenship

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Age of Majority; Debates; Federal and State Agencies; Federal and State Government; Mock

Elec ons; Mock Trials; Poli cal Par es; Rules and Laws; Vo ng

Real life applica on: Iden fying government agencies for assistance; Prac cing self‐advocacy; Obtaining a form of

iden fica on (state ID, driver’s license, passport); Following laws and codes of conduct; Signing important documents;

Expressing opinions (school, local, state); Using good manners; Watching the news; Understanding your rights as a

ci zen; Vo ng; Suppor ng a local cause (ac vism); Par cipa ng in an organized group

37

Civics


HS

Amendment‐ a written change to the constitution

Capitalism‐ economic system based on private ownership


Civic participation‐ being concerned with or involved in issues related to the community, state, country, or world

Civic responsibility‐ the responsibilities of citizens

Constitution‐ a written plan of government


Debate‐ to engage in an argument by discussing opposing points

Democracy‐ a government in which the people rule

Democrat‐ a member of the Democratic Party

Federalism‐ a system of government based on the division between national and state government


Government agency‐ an administrative unit of the government

Government structure‐ the way in which government is organized

Policy‐ basic principle by which a government is guided

Political party‐ an organization to gain political power

Public interest group‐ group of people acting together in support of a common cause for which they seek to influence public policy

Republican‐ a member of the Republican Party

38

Economics


Challenges in transi oning economies (HS.1) Factors that impact the economy (HS.3)

Compe on creates efficiency (HS.2) Government impact on trade (HS.3)

Distribu on of world resources (HS.4) Government policies impact economic choices (HS.3)

Economic choices in a market economy (HS. 4) Incen ves impact economic decisions (HS.1)

Economic goals (HS.2/HS.3) Interna onal trade (HS.1)

Economic stability (HS.2) Standard of living (HS.2)

Economies are interdependent (HS.1) Transi on from command to market economy (HS.4)

HS

Model Units: (10) Economic Stability

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Budge ng; Economic Markets; Employment; Marke ng; Personal Finance; Taxes and You; Trade

Real life applica on: Applying for a job; Saving and inves ng; Budge ng; Comparison shopping; Understanding your

paycheck; Paying taxes; Making purchases; Shopping online versus in a store; Using coupons; Using and paying for

public transporta on; Having a yard sale; Par cipa ng in a school fundraiser; Marke ng for a cause; Working in a

school‐based business

39

Economics


HS

Command economy‐ an economy where supply and price are regulated by the government rather than market forces

Competition‐ rivalry among sellers to increase profit


Economic incentive‐ a reward that encourages production and distribution of goods and services



Economic policy‐ a course of action intended to correct or avoid an economic problem


Inflation‐ the upward price movement of goods and services

International trade‐ the exchange of goods or services across international borders or territories


Market‐ a public place where buyers and sellers make transactions

Market economy‐ an economy model where the decisions are made only by consumers and suppliers



Products‐ items offered to the marketplace to satisfy needs and wants

Services‐ the exchange of goods or expertise (e.g., doctor’s visits, lawyer)

Trade‐ the buying and selling of goods

40

Geography


Advantages and disadvantages of human and physical features

as boundaries (HS.1)

Impact of human altera on to the natural environment (HS.2)

Mapped pa erns (HS.1)

Boundaries con nually change the Earth (HS.4) People’s percep ons of their natural environments impact their

Convergence and divergence of cultures (HS.2)

Cultural and economic ac vi es (HS.4)

behavior (HS.3)

Regional adapta ons (HS.3)

Cultural values shape places (HS.1) Use of technology to map pa erns (HS.3)

Environmental change alters the way energy is used (HS.1) Using data to construct regions (HS.2)

Geographic pa erns (HS.2) Using data to understand geographic problems (HS.1)

Global interdependence (HS.3) Using mapped pa erns to solve problems (HS.2/HS.4)

Human effects on ecosystems (HS.4)

HS

Model Units: (9) Regional Planning; (11) Migra on Pa erns

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Accessibility; Alterna ve Energy; Census; Cultural Impact on Regions; Diversity; Environmental Awareness; Explora on; Geographic Data; Technology

Real life applica on: Reading maps and schedules (bus, train); Using a GPS; Following map direc ons (car, community,

school, job); Par cipa ng in a fire drill; Loca ng important places in the community; Ge ng to work; Respec ng

diversity; Researching housing op ons

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Geography


HS

Accessibility‐ the ability to reach a place from a specific point

Complementarity‐ mutual dependence based on the ability to produce goods in one area which are needed in another

Convergence‐ cultures that become increasingly similar over time


Diffusion‐ a transfer or movement of things, ideas, or people from place to place; a mechanism that affects cultural change

Divergence‐ cultures that become increasingly dissimilar over time

Hierarchy‐ a system used to differentiate locations (e.g., zip codes, area codes, country codes)

Interdependence‐ areas or regions that are mutually dependent on each other

Natural resource‐ a material found only in nature

Physical boundary‐ observable borders or divisions of an area, territory, or region

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History


Conduct research using historical materials (HS.2) Impact of historian’s background on historical conclusions (HS.2)

Conduc ng historical research (HS.1) Impact of historical ideas or trends (HS.1)

Development of ideas or trends over me impact historical pa erns (HS.3)

Interpre ng history’s impact on the present day (HS.2)

Inves ga on of historical topics (HS.4)

Historians’ methods and beliefs impact historical interpreta ons (HS.3)

Research of historical problems ( HS.3)

Use of sources to iden fy historical facts or interpreta ons (HS.5)

Historical facts and interpreta ons (HS.1)

HS

Model Units: (11) Analyzing Historical Data, Changing Interpreta ons of Reconstruc on, Historical Research; (12)

Historians in Conflict: The Causes of the First World War, Pandemics, Trends Leading to Peace, The Versailles Treaty

Addi onal Unit Ideas: Civil Rights; Cold War; Fact versus Opinion; Historical Research (gathering and evalua ng);

Historical Trends; Industrial Revolu on; Persian Gulf Conflicts; The Holocaust; World War I & II

Real life applica on: Obtaining a state ID or passport; Gathering personal documents (Social Security card, birth

cer ficate); Par cipa ng in family tradi ons; Crea ng a meline; Reading a schedule (bus, train); Providing personal

history/informa on; Following current events; Watching the news; Comple ng interest inventories; Researching career

op ons; Crea ng a resume/por olio; Visi ng a museum

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History


HS

Historian‐ a person who studies the past

Historical interpretation‐ a particular version about a historical person, place, or event

Historical trend‐ a past event that impacts the general direction of future events



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References

Berson, M. (Ed.). (2005). Harcourt horizons United States history: Beginnings. Orlando, FL: Harcourt School Publishers.

Berson, M. (Ed.). (2005). Harcourt horizons United States history: Civil war to present. Orlando, FL: Harcourt School

Publishers.

Berson, M. (Ed.). (2005). Harcourt horizons states and regions. Orlando, FL: Harcourt School Publishers.

Hartley, W., & Vincent, W. (1996). American civics. Aus n, TX: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.

Merriam‐Webster, Inc. (2013). Retrieved from h p://www.merriam‐webster.com/

Smith, D. (Ed.). (1995). We the people: The ci zen and the cons tu on. Calabasas, CA: Center for Civic Educa on.

WebFinance, Inc. (2013). Retrieved from h p://investorwords.com

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ACCESS Project

Center for Disabili es Studies

College of Educa on and Human Development

University of Delaware

461 Wyoming Road

Newark DE 19716

Phone: 302‐831‐1052

Fax: 302‐831‐4690

Email: [email protected]

Website: www.deaccessproject.org The University of Delaware is an equal opportunity/affirma ve ac on employer. For the University’s complete non‐discrimina on statement, please visit h p://www.udel.edu/aboutus/legalno ces.html.

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