social studies m4 regional integration

QUIZQUIZOBJECTIVESOBJECTIVESINTRODUCTIO

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THE STAGES IN THE CARIBBEAN THE STAGES IN THE CARIBBEAN REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL INTEGRATION

MOVEMENT MOVEMENT

FEDERATION TO CARIFTAFEDERATION TO CARIFTASOCIAL STUDIES MODULE 4 UNIT1 LESSONS 4 AND 5


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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

This presentation focuses on the development of various alliances which were formed in the Caribbean prior to the formation of CARICOM. The presentation begins with the formation of the West Indies Federation, includes the formation of Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA), and concludes with an account of the West Indies Associated States Council of Ministers (the precursor to the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States).

The main aim of this presentation is to show that regional integration was taking place in the Caribbean prior to the formation of CARICOM. The purpose of the various alliances, the challenges they faced , and the interconnection between them and CARICOM are explored.

The presentation supports module #4, Regional Integration, which is a section of the Caribbean Secondary Examination Curriculum (CSEC) for Social Studies.


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OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

As a result of this presentation, you should be able to:Describe the purpose and development of the West Indies Federation and the Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA). Outline the major events which led to the formation of the West Indies Federation and CARIFTA Discuss the benefits and limitations of these alliances, and the challenges they facedAcknowledge other regional alliances that were formed during the time CARIFTA was a functioning body.Recognize the relationship between CARIFTA and the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Form an opinion regarding the value of integration beyond economic agreements and cooperation


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WHAT WAS THE PURPOSE FOR A WEST WHAT WAS THE PURPOSE FOR A WEST INDIES FEDERATION?INDIES FEDERATION? Britain was pushing for self-government among its colonies.

Self-government, among Caribbean nations, did not seem to be developing fast enough.

English speaking Caribbean states felt that regional alliance would provide political independence from Britain.

Another compelling reason for regional integration was the belief among Caribbean nations that strength in numbers would be a good approach to tackle development challenges which they all were experiencing.


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REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS – PRE-REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS – PRE-FEDERATIONFEDERATIONThere were signs of integration taking place before the process of forming a federation. The following institutions are an indication of this:

Associated Chambers of Commerce 19119177

Caribbean Union of TeachersCaribbean Union of Teachers19319355

Caribbean Labour Congress

The West Indian Meteorological Services

University of the West Indies (a College of London University)

19419455

19419477

19419477


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WHAT WERE THE SIGNIFICANT EVENTS WHAT WERE THE SIGNIFICANT EVENTS LEADING UP TO THE FORMATION OF THE LEADING UP TO THE FORMATION OF THE WEST INDIES FEDERATION?WEST INDIES FEDERATION?

Montego Bay Conference

Caribbean Labour Congress

Standing Closer Association Committee

(SCAC)

Conference in London

Jamaica referendum

View the following timeline: West Indies Federation 1947 – 1962 for more informationhttp://www.timetoast.com/timelines/west-indies-federation-1947-1962


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THE POLITICAL STRUCTURETHE POLITICAL STRUCTURE

The Federal government was headed by an Executive Governor-General, appointed by Britain.

A Prime Minister, elected from among and by the members of the House of Representatives

A Cabinet, comprised the Prime Minister and ten other elected Members chosen by the Prime Minister

A Council of State chaired by the Governor General and including the Prime Minister and Members of the Cabinet, as well as three senators and three civil servants.

A forty five-member House of Representatives, with Members elected from among the Territories.

A nineteen-member Senate, nominated by the Governor General in consultation with the Prime Minister.


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THE LEADERSHIPTHE LEADERSHIP

In 1960 constitutional reform led to the establishment of a federal cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Grantley Herbert Adams. He was the one and only Prime Minister of the Federation from 1958-1962.


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THE SYMBOLSTHE SYMBOLS

The Flag of the West Indies Federation was used between 1958 and 1962. The flag was originally designed by Edna Manley. The flag symbolizes sun shining on waves of blue Caribbean Sea.

The background of the Coat of Arms bears four equally-spaced narrow white stripes with a ten orange-gold discs representing each island grouping, undulating horizontally across a blue field representing the Caribbean Sea. The scroll beneath proclaims To Dwell Together In Unity.


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WHAT WERE THE MAJOR FACTORS WHICH WHAT WERE THE MAJOR FACTORS WHICH POSED A CHALLENGE TO WEST INDIES POSED A CHALLENGE TO WEST INDIES FEDERATION?FEDERATION?

Type your responses in the box below before clicking CHECK to see the answers.

Britain’s role

Taxation

Leadership

Chaguaramas

Industry in Jamaica and Trinidad

Jamaica ReferendumCHEC

K


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WHAT WERE THE IMPORTANT ISSUES AND EVENTS IN REGARD TO WHAT WERE THE IMPORTANT ISSUES AND EVENTS IN REGARD TO REGIONAL INTEGRATION AFTER FEDERATION AND PRIOR TO THE REGIONAL INTEGRATION AFTER FEDERATION AND PRIOR TO THE CARIBBEAN COMMUNITY (CARICOM) ? CARIBBEAN COMMUNITY (CARICOM) ?

The dissolution of West Indies Federation.

The formation of the Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA) and the Caribbean Development Bank (CDB).

Formation of the West Indies Associated States Council of Ministers (WISA).

Emphasis on the Eastern Caribbean Common Market (ECCM).

Formation of Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS).


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DISSOLUTION OF WEST INDIES DISSOLUTION OF WEST INDIES FEDERATION FEDERATION The decisive development, which led to the end of Federation,

was the withdrawal of Jamaica. A national referendum in 1961, regarding the countries continued participation, resulted in a majority of Jamaicans supporting a withdrawal from the Federation.

This led to the now famous statement of Dr. Eric Williams, the then Premier of Trinidad and Tobago, that “one from ten leaves nought”. This was made in reference to the withdrawal of Jamaica.

Trinidad and Tobago withdrew from Federation a short while later.

The Federation collapsed in January 1962.


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FAMOUS STATEMENT BY DR. ERIC FAMOUS STATEMENT BY DR. ERIC WILLIAMSWILLIAMSThe famous statement by Dr. Eric Williams, then Premier of Trinidad and Tobago is captured in the image below.


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THE CARIBBEAN FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION THE CARIBBEAN FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION (CARIFTA ) AND THE CARIBBEAN (CARIFTA ) AND THE CARIBBEAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (CDB)DEVELOPMENT BANK (CDB) The Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA) was founded by

Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Guyana, and Trinidad and Tobago on 15 December 1965, with the signing of the Dickenson Bay Agreement.

The agreement to establish the Caribbean Development Bank (CDB) was made in 1969, and put into effect in 1970. This agreement included 18 countries and territories which were a part of CARIFTA. The purpose of the bank was to promote economic growth and cooperation among the members states.

The purpose of CARIFTA was to increase intra-regional trade.


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THE WEST INDIES ASSOCIATED STATES (WISA), EASTERN THE WEST INDIES ASSOCIATED STATES (WISA), EASTERN CARIBBEAN COMMON MARKET (ECCM), AND ORGANISATION OF CARIBBEAN COMMON MARKET (ECCM), AND ORGANISATION OF EASTERN CARIBBEAN STATES (OECS)EASTERN CARIBBEAN STATES (OECS)

The West Indies Associated States (WISA) was formed in 1966, and included Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, St. Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla and St. Lucia.

After CARIFTA was established in 1965 those who formed WISA recognised that they needed to strengthen their bargaining power in relation to the larger CARIFTA states such as Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, and Barbados.

The Eastern Caribbean Common Market (ECCM) was formed by the members of WISA

WISA was the foundation for the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States, an alliance which exists today


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QUIZQUIZ

Are you ready to test yourself?

There are seven multiple choice items that you are required to do.

For each item, click on the letter of the correct response and then click the button ‘NEXT QUESTION’ to continue.

Click the BEGIN QUIZ button to start the quiz.

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BEGIN

QUIZ!

BEGIN

QUIZ!


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QUIZ: QUESTION 1QUIZ: QUESTION 1

What were the reasons for a West Indian Federation?

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A. Britain was discouraging self-government among its colonies and Caribbean states wanted political independence from Britain

B. Britain was encouraging self-government among its colonies and Caribbean states were already politically independent of Britain

C. Britain was discouraging self-government among its colonies and Caribbean states did not want political independence from Britain

D. Britain was encouraging self-government among its colonies and Caribbean states wanted political independence from Britain

FEEDBACKFEEDBACK


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QUIZ: FEEDBACK TO QUESTION 1QUIZ: FEEDBACK TO QUESTION 1

What was the purpose for a West Indies Federation?

D. Britain was encouraging self-government among its colonies and Caribbean states wanted political independence from Britain.

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QUESTIONQUESTION


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A significant event leading up to the formation of the West Indies Federation was the _______________.

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A. Montego Bay Conference in 1958

D. London Conference in 1958

C. Kingston Conference in 1947

B. Montego Bay Conference in 1947

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A significant event leading up to the formation of the West Indies Federation was B. the Montego Bay Conference in 1947.

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QUESTIONQUESTION


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The Federation government was headed by the _______ who was appointed by Britain.

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A. Prime Minister

D. President

B. Senator

C. Executive Governor-General

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The Federation government was headed by C. the Executive Governor-General who was appointed by Britain.

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QUESTIONQUESTION


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Some of the major issues which posed a challenge to West Indies Federation were:

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A. Britain’s role , transportation, and leadership

D. Barbados’s role , trade, and leadership

C. Barbados’s role , taxation, and leadership

B. Britain’s role , taxation, and leadership

FEEDBACKFEEDBACK


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Some of the major factors which posed a challenge to West Indies Federation were: B. Britain’s role , taxation, and leadership

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QUESTIONQUESTION


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Establishing the West Indies Associated States (WISA) was a strategic move because:_______

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B. members of the smaller CARIFTA states recognised that their bargaining power was greater than that of the larger CARIFTA states

D. members of the smaller CARIFTA states recognised that their bargaining skills were more effective than the larger CARIFTA states

C. members of the smaller CARIFTA states recognised that their bargaining power was small in relation to the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States

A. members of the smaller CARIFTA states recognised that their bargaining power was small in relation to the larger CARIFTA states

FEEDBACKFEEDBACK


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Establishing the West Indies Associated States was a strategic move because:

A. - members of the smaller CARIFTA states recognised that their bargaining power was small in relation to the larger CARIFTA states.

26END OF END OF QUIZ QUIZ


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social studies m4 regional integration

Education

caribbean nations

west indies federation

regional alliances

caribbean community

caribbean labour congress

formation of caricom

west indieswhat wasthe

signs of integration