social web ontologies
DESCRIPTION
ISITC Hammam SousseAPRIL 2011TRANSCRIPT
10/09/09
Semantic Web in Action:
Ontologies for Social Web
S. Garlatti
Semantic Web in Action page 2
Outline
¢ Semantic Web ¢ Linked Data ¢ SPARQL ¢ Semantic Web & Social Web • FOAF : Friend of Friend • SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities • SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organisation Systems • DOAP: Description of a Project
Semantic Web in Action page 3
FOAF : Friend of Friend
¢ http://www.wasab.dk/morten/blog/archives/author/mortenf/
¢ http://www.openlinksw.com/blog/~kidehen/
¢ http://www.mkbergman.com/
¢ http://fgiasson.com/blog/
¢ http://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/wiki/main/Main/Ods
¢ http://www.johnbreslin.com/blog/
¢ http://www.wikier.org/
¢ http://swaml.berlios.de/
Semantic Web in Action page 4
Social Web : Web 3.0
Web 2.0
Semantic Web
[SKOS]
Semantic Web in Action page 5
Social Web : Web 3.0
“I think we could...have both Semantic Web technology supporting online communities, but at the same time also online communities can also support Semantic Web data by being the sources of people voluntarily connecting things together.”
Tim Berners-Lee, ISWC2005 Podcast
Semantic Web in Action page 6
FOAF : Friend of Friend
¢ FOAF (an acronym of Friend of a Friend)
• Is a machine-readable ontology describing persons, their activities and their relations to other people and objects. Anyone can use FOAF to describe him or herself. FOAF allows groups of people to describe social networks without the need for a centralised database (Wikipedia)
¢ Everyone can create their own FOAF document and link to it from their homepage
¢ FOAF documents usually contain personal info, links to friends, and other related resources
Semantic Web in Action page 7
FOAF : Friend of Friend
¢ Resources
• http://www.foaf-project.org/
• http://websemantique.org/FOAF
• http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOAF
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FOAF : Friend of Friend
¢ Social vocabulary
• Information about - Person
- Social Network / Relations
- Groups (multiple)
- FOAF can be combined with other vocabularies
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FOAF : Friend of Friend
¢ Components (data)
• A way to identify persons across sites / services
- Privacy
• A way to describe social network - Relations between people
• Email address (private)
• Hash of email (semi-public)
• URL’s (public)
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FOAF : Friend of Friend
¢ Component (tools)
• Tools / services
• Data providers
- Opening up social media sites
• Data users / consumers
Semantic Web in Action page 11
FOAF : Friend of Friend <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#">
<foaf:Person>
<foaf:name>Jimmy Wales</foaf:name>
<foaf:mbox rdf:resource="mailto:[email protected]" />
<foaf:homepage rdf:resource="http://www.jimmywales.com/" />
<foaf:nick>Jimbo</foaf:nick>
<foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://www.jimmywales.com/aus_img_small.jpg" />
<foaf:interest> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.wikimedia.org" rdfs:label="Wikipedia" />
</foaf:interest>
<foaf:knows>
<foaf:Person> <foaf:name>Angela Beesley</foaf:name>
</foaf:Person>
</foaf:knows>
</foaf:Person>
</rdf:RDF>
Semantic Web in Action page 12
FOAF : Friend of Friend
Semantic Web in Action page 13
FOAF : Friend of Friend
FLICKR
TRIPLES FROM
Source Alexandre Passant
Semantic Web in Action page 14
FOAF : Friend of Friend
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FOAF : Friend of Friend
¢ Some Tools
• FOAF-a-matic, by Leigh Dodds : Javascript form to generate FOAF files
• FOAFaMaticMark2, Java application for generating FOAF files.
• FoaF Explorer, FOAF browser in HTML.
• FOAFer, FOAF browser in HTML.
• FOAF.Vix to display FOAF files and to explore et their relationships.
Semantic Web in Action page 16
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
¢ SIOC (pronounced "shock")
• Provides methods for interconnecting discussion methods such as blogs, forums and mailing lists to each other.
• It consists of the SIOC ontology, an open-standard machine readable format for expressing the information contained both explicitly and implicitly in Internet discussion methods, of SIOC metadata producers for a number of popular blogging platforms and content management systems, and of storage and browsing/searching systems for leveraging this SIOC data (Wikipedia).
¢ Goal of the SIOC ontology: address interoperability issues on the Social Web
• SIOC adopted in a framework of 50 applications or modules deployed on over 400 sites
Semantic Web in Action page 17
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
¢ “It just dawned on me that the burgeoning SIOC-o-sphere (online communities exporting and exposing content via SIOC Ontology) is actually: Blogosphere 2.0” – Kingsley Idehen, Founder and CEO of OpenLink Software
¢ “SIOC has the potential to become one of the foundational vocabularies that make Semantic Web applications useful” – Ivan Herman, W3C / ERCIM
¢ “A project that started back in 2000 called Friend-of-a-Friend (FOAF) represents relationships between people, as well as basic contact details. SIOC does this for groups: it extends the FOAF idea to being able to talk about whole groups of people. I am excited about SIOC because you can use that information to determine trust, to let people in.” – Tim Berners-Lee, Creator of the World Wide Web
Source : John Breslin
Semantic Web in Action page 18
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
¢ Resources
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIOC
• http://sioc-project.org/
• http://wiki.sioc-project.org/index.php/Main_Page
• http://www.w3.org/2008/09/msnws/papers/sioc.html
• http://www.w3.org/Submission/2007/02/Comment
• http://www.w3.org/Submission/sioc-spec/
Semantic Web in Action page 19
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
¢ To fully describe the content and structure of community sites
¢ To create new connections between online discussion posts and items, forums and containers
¢ To enable the integration of online community information
¢ To browse connected Social Web items in interesting and innovative ways
¢ To overcome the chicken-and-egg problem with the Semantic Web
Source : http://deri.org/, Slideshare hhtp://url.ie/e46
Semantic Web in Action page 20
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
Semantic Web in Action page 21
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
Semantic Web in Action page 22
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
Source : http://deri.org/, Slideshare hhtp://url.ie/e46
Semantic Web in Action page 23
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
Source : http://deri.org/, Slideshare hhtp://url.ie/e46
Semantic Web in Action page 24
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
Semantic Web in Action page 25
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
Semantic Web in Action page 26
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
¢ SIOC applications list
• http://rdfs.org/sioc/applications/
¢ SIOC export tools for
• Blogs and forums: WordPress, phpBB, Drupal, b2evolution
• “Legacy” applications: mailing lists, IRC
• New media: Twitter, Jaiku, Facebook, Flickr
• Enterprise applications: CWE (collaborative work environments)
Source : http://deri.org/, Slideshare hhtp://url.ie/e46
Semantic Web in Action page 27
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
¢ Explore more producers of SIOC data
• Sioku:
- SIOC data from Jaiku microblogging service
- http://sioku.sioc-project.org/
• SWAML:
- Exports mailing list archives in RDF
- http://swaml.berlios.de/
• OpenLink DataSpaces:
- Uses SIOC as a representation format for multiple social spaces
- http://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/wiki/main/Main/OdsIndex/
• Use the Semantic Radar extension for Firefox for detecting / exploring SIOC data:
- http://sioc-project.org/firefox
Source : http://deri.org/, Slideshare hhtp://url.ie/e46
Semantic Web in Action page 28
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
Semantic Web in Action page 29
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
¢ http://swoogle.umbc.edu/ • http://swoogle.umbc.edu/index.php?
option=com_frontpage&service=search&queryType=search_swd_all&searchString=garlatti&searchStart=1
¢ http://visinav.deri.org/ • http://visinav.deri.org/list?keyword=tim+berners+lee&projection=
%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fxmlns.com%2Ffoaf%2F0.1%2Ffamily_name%3E+.%0A
¢ http://sindice.com/ • http://sindice.com/search?q=garlatti&qt=term
¢ http://pingthesemanticweb.com/
• http://pingthesemanticweb.com/ping.php?url=http%3A//serge.garlatti.free.fr/wordpress/index.php%3Fsioc_type%3Dpost%26amp%3Bsioc_id%3D126
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SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
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SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
¢ Consuming SIOC as Semantic Web data
• SIOC = RDF data
• Generic Semantic Web applications can be used:
- RDF APIs (Jena, Redland, etc.)
- RDF crawlers
- RDF browsers (Tabulator, Zitgist, SIOC RDF Browser, etc.)
- More apps: http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/SW-FAQ#tools
• Customised applications can provide more added value and / or better user interfaces:
- SIOC Explorer (faceted browsing of SIOC data)
- Buxon, etc.
Semantic Web in Action page 32
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
¢ SIOC Browser :
• http://sparql.captsolo.net/browser/
¢ Semantic Radar: Firefox extension
Semantic Web in Action page 33
SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
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SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
Creating SIOC data ¢ SIOC APIs • SIOC Export API for PHP* • SIOC API for Java*
¢ Weblog, forum and CMS exporters • WordPress SIOC Exporter • Dotclear SIOC Exporter* • b2evolution SIOC Exporter • Drupal SIOC Exporter • phpBB 2.x SIOC Exporter • Triplify*
¢ Other exporters • OpenLink DataSpaces* • TalkDigger* • SWAML* • Mailing List Archives* • Mailing List Exporter* • Twitter2RDF* • IRC2RDF* • Sioku (Jaiku2RDF) • gnizr* • OpenQabal* • BlogEngine.NET*
Using SIOC data ¢ SPARQL endpoints, querying SIOC data • ODS demo server and MyOpenLink.net* • #B4mad.Net SPARQL endpoint*
¢ Crawling and browsing SIOC data • SIOC Crawler • SIOC Browsers* and SIOC Explorer • Buxon*
¢ Using SIOC for new data • Fishtank* • BAETLE* • RDFa on Rails* • IkeWiki* • int.ere.st • OpenLink Virtuso AMI* • Talis Engage*
¢ Reusing SIOC data • IKHarvester, notitio.us and JeromeDL • BSCW*, BC*, Corona*
SIOC utilities ¢ Finding and indexing SIOC data • Semantic Radar • PingTheSemanticWeb.com*
Semantic Web in Action page 35
SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organisation Systems
¢ SKOS
• Is a family of formal languages designed for representation of thesauri, classification schemes, taxonomies, subject-heading systems, or any other type of structured controlled vocabulary. SKOS is built upon RDF and RDFS, and its main objective is to enable easy publication of controlled structured vocabularies for the Semantic Web. SKOS is currently developed within the W3C framework (Wikipedia).
Semantic Web in Action page 36
SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organisation Systems
¢ Resources
• http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-skos-primer-20080829/
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SKOS
• http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/
• http://www.lespetitescases.net/skos-l-avenir-de-la-folksonomie-y
• http://websemantique.org/SKOS
• http://esw.w3.org/topic/SkosDev/DataZone
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SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organisation Systems
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SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organisation Systems
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DOAP: Description of a Project
¢ DOAP Description of a Project
• Is an RDF schema and XML vocabulary to describe open-source projects. It was created and initially developed by Edd Dumbill to convey semantically information associated with open-source software projects. It is currently used in the Mozilla Foundation's project page and in several other software repositories. (Wikipedia)
¢ Resources
• http://websemantique.org/DOAP
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOAP
• http://doapspace.org/
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DOAP: Description of a Project