8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

1/16

SOCIALISM IN SPAINAND THE

BASQUE COUNTRY

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

2/16

ANARCHISM

What is anarchy?

History:Beginnings

The expansion of

anarchism

The Tragic Week

CNT

SOCIALISM

What is socialism?

Why was it soimportant in Spain?

Spanish labour

movement

PSOE Ideology

History

UGT

Socialism in the

Basque Country

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

3/16

ANARCHISM

What is anarchism?

Individual freedom

No authority

Public power

Cooperation

Volunteering

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

4/16

History

Beginnings:By the year 1850 anticlerical and anti

governmental feeling, but no anarchists (Pi i

Margall)

Entered in 1868 (Giuseppe Fanelli and MijalBakunin)

Workers wanted more radicalism

Low class people defended this movement

They gathered in Madrid (1870, 2000 people),

more popular in Barcelona

Left hand people rejected anarchists, so workers

organized themselves with no bureaucrats

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

5/16

The expansion of anarchism

In 1873 bloody confrontationsIn consequence until the XX century anarchism

was suppressed

Groups of anarchists still fought for their ideas

(Andaluca), so the government considered them

terrorists (Montjuich, Barcelona)

Syndicalism became popular and terrorism ceased

In 1900 a new organization was created, verysuccessful, but the government suppressed it,

although it did not disappear

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

6/16

The Tragic Week

In 1909, in Barcelona, textile industry workers

had very bad working conditions, so workerswent on strike

It was very aggressive; they destroyed many

important buildings, even killed 6 people

A lot of people was accused, and even though

the majority was set free, many were

sentenced

After this syndicates were abolished andlibertarian establishments and associations

closed

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

7/16

CNT:

Confederacin Nacional de Trabajo (1910)

After the main anarchist group in Spainwas

abolished by the government, they created

the CNT (1907, Solidaridad Obrera)

Bureaucracy was avoided, the union wasdivided in small groups

Very different to socialist syndicates

Was declaredillegal five days after itsfoundation, after another violent strike

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

8/16

SOCIALISM

What is socialism?

Democratic possession of the production

system

Collective administrative control

Democratic control of the civil political structuresby citizens

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

9/16

Why was it so important

in Spain?

Spanish labour movement:Born between 1868 and 1874 (La Primera

Internacional).

Politic anarchism, religious atheism andsocialist-collective economy.

At first there were not labour parties (Bakunin- most people; Marx - few peoplePSOE &

UGT).20th century industrialization in Asturias,

Basque Country and Catalonia.

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

10/16

Anarcho-syndicalism very important in Spain

(BarcelonaSolidaridad Obrera).

Soli newspaper, general strike, Tragic Week.

Soli newspaper, 1910, CNT, very important in

Catalonia.

Industrial strikes on the North; agricultural strikes on

the South.

The triumph of the Bolshevik gave hope to Spanish

anarcho-syndicalists.

In the 1st World War economy grew strengthening

workers and the CNT.

The government prohibited Soli, closed labourer

centres, arrested leaders and labourers went on

strike.

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

11/16

There weremore strikes, the government

tried to pact withthe CNT but a very hard fight

begun.In consequence terrorismand fight expanded

to the whole Spain and the government

started to repress.

Police killed those who werearrested saying

that they tried to escape, and this led to the

murder of the Prime Minister, Eduardo Dato.

After that the army tookpart on therepression, and Primode Rivera came to the

power.

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

12/16

PSOE:

Ideology:

Represent and defend working class ideology

Get the power

Marxist and socialist beliefs

Nowadays social democrat group

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

13/16

History:

Madrid,2nd May 1879, Pablo Iglesias.

At first only important in Madrid, the Basque

Country and Asturias.

They got their firstrepresentation in the parliament

in 1910.

Not verypopular at first because ofthe importance

of anarchism andanarcho-syndicalism.

Very linked to UGT, both rejected Primo Riverascoup d'tat.

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

14/16

UGT:

Spanish labour union organization.

Barcelona, 12th August 1888, Pablo Iglesias

Very close to the Marxist socialism, butapolitical

In the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera waspermitted to carry on with its activity for theircollaboration and passivity.

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

15/16

8/14/2019 Socialism in Spain and the Basque Country

16/16

Republicans and socialists got together

Pablo Iglesias deputy.

1910 Perezagua dismissed, Indalecio

Prieto (antinationalist, liberal and

regenerationist) socialist expansion. Metallurgic and miner section of UGT.

After the Russian revolution dispute in the

party PCE.

1897 Agrupacin Socialista de Eibar.