SOCIALIZATIONSOCIALIZATION“The process of “The process of being a social being a social

animal”animal”Chapter 5 part IIChapter 5 part II

Do you see a crowd or a Do you see a crowd or a problem?problem?

Anthrophobia= fear of people in Anthrophobia= fear of people in groupsgroups

Nature vs. NurtureNature vs. Nurture We have seen that while both are We have seen that while both are

important, nurture (or social important, nurture (or social environment) it is society that makes environment) it is society that makes people “human”.people “human”.

We have to learn how to be social, just We have to learn how to be social, just like we have to learn everything else.like we have to learn everything else.

We become members of the human We become members of the human community through these three thingscommunity through these three things LanguageLanguage Social interaction.... getting to knowSocial interaction.... getting to know Physical human contact… touchPhysical human contact… touch

Certain Sociologists Certain Sociologists specialize in the study of specialize in the study of

how we socialize how we socialize specifically…specifically…

They are all They are all concerned with how concerned with how we develop a sense of we develop a sense of self.self.

Here are the big Here are the big three.three.

#1 Charles Horton #1 Charles Horton CooleyCooley

Mr. SocializationMr. Socialization InteractionistInteractionist…… think back to Chapter One… think back to Chapter One…

he is concerned with interaction…how one he is concerned with interaction…how one small personal event leads to another and small personal event leads to another and forms our social realityforms our social reality

““It is a success to be one”,It is a success to be one”, in other words in other words after society is “done with you” if you can after society is “done with you” if you can keep your individuality you have succeeded.keep your individuality you have succeeded.

Most important contribution to sociology is Most important contribution to sociology is one of the big concepts… one of the big concepts… THE LOOKING-THE LOOKING-GLASS SELFGLASS SELF

LOOKING GLASS SELFLOOKING GLASS SELF Explains how we develop our sense of self.Explains how we develop our sense of self. LGS is an LGS is an interactive process by which we interactive process by which we

develop an image of ourselves based on develop an image of ourselves based on how we imagine we appear to others.how we imagine we appear to others.

Other people act as a social mirror in Other people act as a social mirror in which we react to how others react to us.which we react to how others react to us. 11stst we imagine our own appearance. we imagine our own appearance.

““Wow, I look great… love the hair”Wow, I look great… love the hair” 22ndnd we interpret how others react to us. we interpret how others react to us.

““They are looking at my hair funny”They are looking at my hair funny” 33rd rd we then use that reaction to judge we then use that reaction to judgeourselves…this is our self concept.ourselves…this is our self concept.

““My hair must not look that great”My hair must not look that great”

In other words… do you In other words… do you worry about what others/ worry about what others/

society thinks?????society thinks?????

Remember… it sounds cliché, Remember… it sounds cliché, butbut

“If you don’t like “If you don’t like yourself, how can yourself, how can others appreciate others appreciate

you?”you?”Be comfortable in your skin Be comfortable in your skin

when you are around others!!!when you are around others!!!

Examples of LGS…Examples of LGS…

Anorexic who sees him/herself as Anorexic who sees him/herself as overweight while society does not…overweight while society does not…

Someone embarrassed to dance in Someone embarrassed to dance in public…public…

A girl afraid to be seen without A girl afraid to be seen without makeup…makeup…

WHY DOES IT MATTER…WHY DOES IT MATTER… Because they are all afraid of how Because they are all afraid of how

society will “see” them…society will “see” them…

#2 John Locke#2 John Locke

Yes, the same as political John Yes, the same as political John Locke…he was a sociologist too.Locke…he was a sociologist too.

He said everyone is a He said everyone is a “Tabula “Tabula Rosa”… clean slate on which Rosa”… clean slate on which anything can be written. He anything can be written. He believed we are all born without a believed we are all born without a personality and society forms one personality and society forms one for us through social experience.for us through social experience.

All nurture, no natureAll nurture, no nature.. Few people Few people today take such an extreme view.today take such an extreme view.

#3 George Mead#3 George Mead Added on to Cooley.Added on to Cooley. Said seeing ourselves as others do is only the Said seeing ourselves as others do is only the

beginning…eventually we actually pretend to beginning…eventually we actually pretend to or do take on the role expectedor do take on the role expected..

According to MeadAccording to Mead 11stst we try to live up to the expectations of our we try to live up to the expectations of our

parentsparents and family (significant others) and play into and family (significant others) and play into that expected rolethat expected role

22ndnd as we grow older we try to live up to the as we grow older we try to live up to the expectations of societyexpectations of society (generalized others) and (generalized others) and play into that ex. roleplay into that ex. role

Under 3yrs of age we have “no self”…no role to Under 3yrs of age we have “no self”…no role to play, but we discover it through play and games play, but we discover it through play and games (girls get dolls, boys get trucks and tools)(girls get dolls, boys get trucks and tools)

SOCIAL NETWORKSSOCIAL NETWORKS Web of relationships that is Web of relationships that is

formed by the sum total of a formed by the sum total of a person’s reactions with other person’s reactions with other people.people.

What social networks do you have???What social networks do you have??? Read “Six Degrees of Separation” Read “Six Degrees of Separation”

pg. 82 in book.pg. 82 in book.