socially-aware traffic management (workshop sozioinformatik)
DESCRIPTION
Talk on "Socially-aware Traffic Management" given by Michael Seufert (http://www3.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de/staff/michael.seufert/) at the workshop Sozioinformatik 2013 (http://www.sozioinformatik2013.de/, organized by Katharina Anna Zweig; held in conjunction with Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Informatik (INFORMATIK 2013)). The workshop addressed questions evolving around the interplay between social and technical systems, and bridged the gap from social sciences to computer sciences. The workshop talks gave an overview on different aspects of interactions between humans and IT-systems, and highlighted the need for a combination of social sciences and computer science in this field. The workshop showed that it is possible and sometimes necessary to integrate social studies into the design and application of IT-systems. This applies to SmartenIT especially in the context of socially-aware traffic management. Michael Seufert, George Darzanos, Valentin Burger, Ioanna Papafili, Tobias Hoßfeld Socially-Aware Traffic Management. Workshop Sozioinformatik 2013, Koblenz, Germany, September 2013. Abstract: Socially-aware traffic management exploits social signals to optimize traffic management in the Internet in terms of traffic load, energy consumption, or end-user satisfaction. Several use cases can benefit from socially-aware traffic management and the performance of overlay applications can be enhanced. In the talk we show interdisciplinary efforts between communication networks and social network analysis. Specifically, we give an overview on existing use cases and solutions, but also raise discussions at the workshop on additional benefits from the integration of social information into traffic management.TRANSCRIPT
www3.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de
Institute of Computer ScienceChair of Communication Networks
Prof. Dr.-Ing. P. Tran-Gia
Socially-Aware Traffic Management
Michael Seufert, George Darzanos, Valentin Burger, Ioanna Papafili, Tobias Hoßfeld
Michael Seufert2
2
Agenda
1. Traffic Management in the Internet
2. New Internet Applications
3. Social Awareness
4. Socially-Aware Traffic Management
5. EU FP7 Project SmartenIT
Michael Seufert3
3
Traffic Management in the Internet
Broadband deployment makes Internet more efficient But traffic volumes on the Internet increase due to new
applications or new service levels
Traffic on the Internet has to be managed by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in order to Avoid congestion Deliver services in an acceptable quality Save resources, energy, and costs
Methods for traffic management Prioritization Routing Bandwidth shaping Caching Offloading
Michael Seufert4
4
New Internet Applications
Trend: Applications are moved into the “cloud” Video/music on demand Live video/HD TV/music streaming Video conferencing/VoIP Remote desktop Collaboration File storage/sharing Instant messaging Gaming Online social networks
Changes in Internet structure and content delivery
Michael Seufert5
5
Yesterday: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
ContentProvider
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3 Tier 3
Michael Seufert6
6
Yesterday: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
ContentProvider
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3 Tier 3
Traffic from content provider produces transit costs and may have high delay
Michael Seufert7
7
Changes: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3 Tier 3
Global Video CDN
Michael Seufert8
8
Changes: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3 Tier 3
Global Video CDN
Content providers expand to global CDN to save transit costs and get content close to users
Michael Seufert9
9
Changes: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3 Tier 3
Global VideoCDNCache
Global Video CDN
Michael Seufert10
10
Changes: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3 Tier 3
Global VideoCDNCache
Global Video CDN
Content providers offer local caching services to bring content closer to users and to save transit costs
Michael Seufert11
11
Social Awareness
Social signals are ubiquitous Online Social Networks
– Friendships– Interest– Trust-relevant metadata
Applications– Call/messaging patterns– Interaction patterns– Content popularity
Sensors– Location
Social awareness Harvest social signals Extract and exploit information
Goal: Improvement of a service
Michael Seufert12
12
Outlook: Towards Social Awareness
Use OSN information to predict demand of video i λi(t)
Pre-fetch trending videos
Improve local cache hit ratios
Use unutilized bandwidth in off-peak periods
PhysicalNetwork
User
Online SocialNetwork
Content Distribution Network
VoD
Access-Network
Internet-Exchange Point local cache
capacitiy Γ(t)
demand of item i λi(t)
File-Storage
Access-Network
t
λi(t)
Michael Seufert13
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Socially-Aware Traffic Management
N. Sastry, E. Yoneki, J. Crowcroft, “Buzztraq: Predicting geographical access patterns of social cascades using social networks“, Proceedings of the Second ACM EuroSys Workshop on Social Network Systems, 2009
Michael Seufert14
14
Socially-Aware Traffic Management
N. Sastry, E. Yoneki, J. Crowcroft, “Buzztraq: Predicting geographical access patterns of social cascades using social networks“, Proceedings of the Second ACM EuroSys Workshop on Social Network Systems, 2009
Michael Seufert15
15
Socially-Aware Traffic Management
N. Sastry, E. Yoneki, J. Crowcroft, “Buzztraq: Predicting geographical access patterns of social cascades using social networks“, Proceedings of the Second ACM EuroSys Workshop on Social Network Systems, 2009
Michael Seufert16
16
Socially-Aware Traffic Management
N. Sastry, E. Yoneki, J. Crowcroft, “Buzztraq: Predicting geographical access patterns of social cascades using social networks“, Proceedings of the Second ACM EuroSys Workshop on Social Network Systems, 2009
Prediction of future access to user generated content (e.g. videos) Generation of hints for replica placement and/or cache replacement
Usually replica placement is based on access history (locations of previous users)
Add locations of potential future users (i.e., OSN friends of previous users) to account for social cascades
Social cascade prediction improves history-based placement if content mainly spreads virally
Useful for content which is not (yet) globally popular, otherwise CDN
Michael Seufert17
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Outlook: Exploiting Social Awareness
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3 Tier 3
Global VideoCDNCache
Global Video CDN
Michael Seufert18
18
Outlook: Exploiting Social Awareness
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3 Tier 3
Global VideoCDNCache
Global Video CDN
User posts a video which will be watched by his friend the next day
Michael Seufert19
19
Outlook: Exploiting Social Awareness
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3 Tier 3
Global VideoCDNCache
Global Video CDN
Video can be transmitted to cache during night (off-peak hours)
User posts a video which will be watched by his friend the next day
Michael Seufert20
20
Outlook: Exploiting Social Awareness
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 2ISP
Tier 3 Tier 3
Global VideoCDNCache
Global Video CDN
When user wants to watch the video the next day, it is already in the cache
Video can be transmitted to cache during night (off-peak hours)
User posts a video which will be watched by his friend the next day
Michael Seufert21
21
SmartenIT
Socially-aware Management of New
Overlay Application Traffic combined
with Energy Efficiency in the Internet
EC FP7 STREP No. 317846, Duration: Nov 2012 – Oct 2015 10 European partners (academia, network and cloud operators) Incentive-compatible cross-layer
traffic management for Cloud service providers ISPs End-users
Exploitation of social awareness User relations Interests
Focus on energy efficiency
Michael Seufert22
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Discussion
Which services can benefit from socially-aware traffic management? Traffic and requirement prediction Trusted communication …
Which social information is needed? Detail level Time scale …
How to collect this social information? Social signals from various platforms Collaboration with OSN Crawling of data Incentives for users to share their data …
What about users‘ privacy?
Michael Seufert23
Thank you for your
attention!