soil and land use policy context in ireland · soil legislation within eu • no specific soil...
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Soil and Land Use Policy Context in Ireland
EPA STRIVE Soils and Land Use Research Planning WorkshopSeptember 10th 2013
Brendan O’NeillDECLG
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Why the Need for Soils
and Land Use Policy?
• Soil is practically a non renewable natural resource –providing food, biomass and raw materials.
• Soil functions crucial for human activities & ecosystems.
• Pressures on soil include inappropriate agricultural and forestry practices, industrial activities, tourism and urban development.
• Soil degradation impacts on water quality, human health, climate change, nature & biodiversity protection, food safety etc., while poor environmental performance retards economic investment.
• Soil degradation costs are very high - mainly borne by the public purse and society rather than land users.
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SOIL DEGRADATION - TYPES OF COSTS
*EU 2006
Types of costs borne by land users Types of costs borne by public
purse and society
Contamination � Land property depreciation
� Insurance costs
� Exposure protection measures
� Increased health care needs
� Treatment of contaminated water
� Increased food safety controls
Erosion � Fertility and crop yield losses
� Property damage
� Income losses (e.g. tourism)
� Increased dredging
� Infrastructure damage
� Treatment of water
Organic
matter decline
� Yield and fertility losses
� Higher production costs
� Release of GHGs from soil
� Treatment of water
Salinisation � Fertility and crop yield losses � Damage to water supply
infrastructure
Landslides � Damage to property and
infrastructure
� Losses of human lives and well-
being
� Interruption of transport routes
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Costs of Soil Degradation in EUErosion €0.7 – 14 billion
Organic matter decline €3.4 – 5.6 billion
Compaction no estimate possible
Salinisation €158 – 321 million
Landslides up to €1.2 billion per event
Contamination €2.4 – 17.3 billion
Sealing no estimate possible
Biodiversity decline no estimate possible
*EU 2006
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Soil Legislation within EU• No specific Soil Protection Legislation at EU level –
Proposal for Soil Framework Directive tabled in 2006 but has not received the support of Member States.
• Fragmented soil protection provisions exist in EU legislation e.g. water quality, waste, chemicals, industrial pollution protection, pesticides and Common Agricultural Policy (cross-compliance).
• Nine Member States have specific legislation on soil protection but in most of these cases legislation is directed at specific threats (e.g. contamination) and it does not amount to a comprehensive and coherent soil protection framework.
• No specific Soil Protection Legislation in Ireland.
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The 4 Pillars of the 2006 EU Soil Strategy
LEGISLATION
Proposal for a Soil Framework Directive COM(2006)232
RESEARCH
INTEGRATION
OF SOIL PROTECTION ASPECTS
AWARENESS RAISING
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Awareness Raising Activities
• Soil Atlas of Europe
• European Atlas of Soil Biodiversity
• JRC – State of Soil in Europe
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Research
• RAMSOIL– Risk Assessment Methodologies for Soil Degradation
processes
• LUCAS– Survey on Land Cover/Land Use and Agro-
Environmental Indicators
• ENVASSO– Soil Monitoring Activities & Policy-relevant Soil
Indicators
• BIOSOIL– Forest Soils
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Integration
• Common Agricultural Policy
• Industrial Installations – IED Provisions on Soil Protection
• Cohesion Policy – Funding of Site Rehabilitation Activities
• State Aids – Contaminated Land
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Soil Framework Directive Proposal (1)
• Objective: Protection of Soil Functions
• Prevention:
�Integration in Sectoral Policies,
�Precautionary Measures,
�Prevention of Contamination,
�Measures to Limit or Mitigate Soil Sealing.
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Soil Framework Directive Proposal (2)
• Identification: Identify risk areas for “Agricultural” Threats within 5 years:�Erosion,
�Organic Matter Decline,
�Compaction,
�Salination,
�Landslides
• Actions:
�Programme of Measures on “Agricultural Threats”
�National Contaminated Land Remediation Strategies.
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“Agricultural” Threats
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Contamination
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Where to now on Soil Framework Directive? (1)
• “Agreed” Text of Seventh Environment Action Programme (7 EAP)�On Rio + 20 Outcome call for a ‘Land Degradation
Neutral World’ - “EU and Member States should reflect on how best to make this commitment operational within their respective competencies”;
�“EU and Member States should also reflect as soon as possible on how soil quality issues could be addressed using a targeted and proportionate risk-based approach within a binding legal framework”; and
�“Targets should also be set for sustainable land use and soil.”
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Where to now on Soil Framework Directive? (2)• Achievement of Soil Protection and Sustainable Land
Management Objectives set out in the 7 EAP will require �“Increasing efforts to reduce Soil Erosion and
increase Soil Organic Matter, to Remediate Contaminated Sites and to enhance the Integration of Land Use aspects into Co-ordinated Decision-Making involving all levels of Government, supported by the adoption of Targets on Soil and on Land Use and on land as a resource, and Land Planning Objectives”.
�Adopting a systematic and integrated approach to Risk Assessment.
�Sharing and promoting Research efforts at EU and Member State levels.
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Future Challenges
• Acquisition of the necessary Facts & Figures
• Analysing the Issues
• Raising Awareness of the Pressures and Impacts
on Soil
• Appropriate policy development and effective
implementation, informed by the availability of
robust data
• Integration across the wide range of policy makers
• Optimising Research Work at National Level
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– Role of Research to Date?
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Irish Soils Information System
(ISIS)• Teagasc, Cranfield & UCD
• 2008-2013
• 1:250,000 soils map & Soil Info System
• Research papers
• Common framework
• Baseline – emerging policy
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Future Requirements for Ireland
• Develop and Implement a Soil Protection Strategy for Ireland. This will require �Involving the wide range of relevant actors
within the different Sectors in order to ensure the coherent integration of Soil Protection Considerations across the various Policy areas.
�Improving the knowledge and evidence base for Soil Protection Policy in order to provide a more informed basis for its development and implementation.