soil that contains large quantities of calcium was most likely formed by the weathering of (1) rock...
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LET’S REVIEW MINERALS & ROCKS!
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Which rock-forming mineral is composed of two elements. One of the elements makes up 46.10% and the other makes up 5.63%
of Earth’s crust by mass respectively?
1) Galena 3) Halite
2) Quartz 4) Magnetite
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Both Samples A and D exhibit crystals.
Sample D has intergrown
crystals!!!!
How are they different?
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Soil that contains large quantities of calcium was most likely formed by the
weathering of
(1) rock salt (3) coal
(2) quartzite
(4) limestone
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(1) Biotite Mica and Muscovite Mica
(2) Sulfur and Amphibole(3) Quartz and Calcite(4) Feldspar and Pyroxene
Which two minerals have cleavage planes at right (90o) angles?
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Which sequence of change in rock type occurs as shale is subjected to
increasing heat and pressure?
(1) shale → schist → phyllite → slate → gneiss
(2) shale → slate → phyllite → schist → gneiss
(3) shale → gneiss → phyllite → slate → schist
(4) shale → gneiss → phyllite → schist → slate
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The data table shows the density of four different mineral
samples.
A student accurately measured the mass of a sample of one of the four minerals to be 294.4 g
and its volume to be 73.6 cm3.Which mineral sample did the student measure?
(1) corundum (3) hematite
(2) galena (4) quartz
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The data table shows the density of four different mineral
samples.
Corundum has a hardness of 8 on Moh’s hardness scale. In order the hardness of these
mineral’s is
(1) galena, hematite, quartz, and corundum
(2) quartz, hematite, galena, and corundum
(3) galena, corundum, quartz, and hematite
(4) galena, hematite, corundum, and quartz
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Which two processes lead directly to the formation of both schist and
marble?
(1) melting and solidification
(2) evaporation and precipitation
(3) compaction and cementation
(4) heat and pressure
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What is the origin of fine-grained igneous rock?
(1) lava that cooled slowly on Earth’s surface
(2) lava that cooled quickly on Earth’s surface
(3) silt that settled slowly in ocean water
(4) silt that settled quickly in ocean water
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8/03
What is a possible classification for Rock type A?
IGNEOUS
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What is a possible classification for texture B?
NON-FOLIATED
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What rocks may D & E refer to?
(1)Pegmatite & Limestone (3) Hematite & Pumice
(2) Scoria & Slate (4) Dunite & Breccia
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Which intrusive igneous rock could be composed of approximately 60% pyroxene, 25% plagioclase feldspar, 10% olivine, and
5% amphibole?
(1) granite (2) rhyolite (4) basalt
(3) gabbro
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The graph at left shows the
hardness of four minerals.
Which is hard enough to scratch calcite but NOT hard enough to scratch
amphibole?
(1) muscovite mica (3) olivine
(2) fluorite (4) graphite
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Which igneous rock is probably best described as being non-vesicular and mafic?
(1) andesite (3) gabbro
(2) pegmatite (4) obsidian
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The diagram below shows four rock samples.
Which sample best shows the characteristics normally associated with igneous rocks?
(1) A (3) C
(2) B (4) DIntergro
wn crystals
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The photograph shows an igneous rock.
(1) plutonic with slow cooling(2) plutonic with rapid cooling(3) volcanic with slow cooling(4) volcanic with rapid cooling
What is the origin and rate of formation of this rock?
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(1) NaCl
(3) SiO2 (4) PbS
A geologist found a large quantity of mineral ore. The mineral exhibited fracture, was harder than glass, and
had a metallic luster.The mineral is probably composed
mostly of(2) FeS2
Pyrite!
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Some of the bedrock in Vermont’s Green Mountains is actually green in
color due to the presence of the mineral chlorite. Which other mineral
can cause rocks to appear green?
(1) sulfur (3) olivine
(2) magnetite (4) halite
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Which property is most useful in distinguishing pyroxene
from amphibole?
(1) sample size (3) type of luster
(2) hardness (4) angles of cleavage
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The table below shows some properties of four different minerals.
The minerals in the table are varieties of which mineral?
(1) garnet (3) quartz
(2) magnetite (4) olivine
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Which three minerals contain high concentrations of the element Calcium
(Ca)?
(1) Sulfur, Fluorite, & Plagioclase
(2) Talc, Pyrite, & Muscovite
(4) Potassium Feldspar, Halite, & Garnet
(3) Calcite, Amphibole, & Dolomite
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A series of layers (strata) of sedimentary rock have been deposited over millions of years, as shown in the diagram
to the right.
If magma pushes its way to the surface, and heats rocks along the way, many of these rocks will melt. The rest will
not melt however, and will instead undergo a contact metamorphism.
Which rock will be created in the contact metamorphic zone here?
Marble!
How about here?
Quartzite!
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Under which crustal temperature and
pressure conditions will andalusite
form?
(1) 300°C and 6000 atmospheres
(2) 600°C and 4000 atmospheres
(3) 500°C and 2000 atmospheres
(4) 700°C and 8000 atmospheres
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Which graph correctly represents the three most abundant elements, by mass, in Earth’s crust?
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Rocks cannot be identified by physical properties like minerals can. This is
principally due to
1) The variety of minerals of differing properties that make them
2) The difference between the hardness of their forms
3) Their lack of properties
4) The manner in which their environment of formation effects them
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Which processes formed the igneous rock granite that is mined in Vermont?
(1) compaction and cementation of sediments
(2) cooling and solidification of magma
(3) uplift and weathering of bedrock
(4) application of heat and pressure to shale
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Which rock was organically formed and sometimes contains fossilized plant
impressions?
(1) rock gypsum (3) breccia
(2) phyllite (4) coal
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In addition to ash, solid rock formed on Mt. Hekla from the lava extruded during an eruption. This rock is most likely
(1) light-colored metamorphic (2) fine-grained igneous(3) dark-colored metamorphic (4) coarse-grained igneous
Mt. Hekla
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Base your answers to the questions on the flowchart, which shows a sequence of geologic processes at or near Earth’s
surface. Box A has been deliberately left blank. The diagrams are not drawn to scale.
Identify the three minerals that are
normally found with quartz in samples of
andesite rock.
Plagioclase FeldsparBiotite
AmphibolePyroxene
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State one geologic process represented by
box A.
UpliftWeathering
Erosion
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Identify by name one type of rock layer, other than sandstone, shown
in the outcrop.
SiltstoneConglomerate
Limestone
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Which table shows the rocks correctly classified by texture?
Base your answer on the drawings of six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F.
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The granite intrusion caused
metamorphism to part of the limestone.
(1) marble (3) gabbro
(2) quartzite (4) slate
These strata represent ancient history. Many millions of years ago a layer of siltstone and a layer of limestone were “intruded” by a felsic magma that cooled into granite.
What metamorphic rock would be
found in this zone of contact
metamorphism?
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Which intrusive igneous rock could be composed of approximately 60% pyroxene, 25% plagioclase feldspar, 10% olivine, and
5% amphibole?
(1) granite (2) rhyolite (4) basalt
(3) gabbro
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Think you’ve got
it?What is the approximate % of Plagioclase Feldspar
in a typical Andesite?
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(1) 1 (2) 2
(3) 3 (4) 4
Rock outcrop 1 contains 4 strata of sedimentary rock. Which strata is composed of sediments that are 0.08 cm?
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The minerals talc, muscovite mica, quartz, and olivine are similar because they
(1) have the same hardness
(2) are the same color
(3) contain silicon and oxygen
(4) break along cleavage planes
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Mineral A is most likely
(1) garnet (3) olivine
(2) galena (4) halite
The diagram represents a sample of mineral A.
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Which mineral can scratch A, B, and C, but can not scratch D ?
(1) talc (3) fluorite
(2) selenite gypsum (4) quartz
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(1) garnet, calcite, pyrite, and galena
(2) biotite mica, muscovite mica, fluorite, & halite
(3) talc, quartz, graphite, & olivine
(4) plagioclase feldspar, amphibole, pyroxene, & potassium feldspar
The most abundant metallic element by mass in
Earth’s crust makes up 8.23% of the crust.Which group of minerals all normally containthis metallic element in their compositions?
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Rock outcrops I and II each show three strata of rock,
some of which contain fossils.
These strata may all be classified as
1) Igneous 3) Metamorphic
2) Sedimentary 4) Felsic
Which outcrop contains a strata rich in calcite?
1) I 3) Both I and II
2) II 4) neither
The difference between the three strata in outcrop II is
1) density 3) fragment sizes
2) color 4) mineral composition