7th Grade Life Science SOL LS.21. Complete each statement about the cell theory.*a. All cells come from _other cells_________. *b. Cells can carry out all of _life’s functions__. *c. All __living things___ are made of cells. 2. What scientific instrument has led to the development of the cell theory? microscope3. a. What two things are found only in plant cells? Chloroplasts and cell wall b. What is the function of each of those things?Chloroplasts- absorb sunlightCell wall- protection4. What can plant cells do that animal cells can’t? Make their own food5. What process creates reproductive (sex) cells that carry half the genetic material of the parent cell? meiosis*1 cell = 4 haploid cells6. What process creates new cells for growth and repair through cell division that are identical to the parent cell? mitosis**1 cell = 2 identical diploid cells7. What are the phases of the cell cycle?Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis8. Label the steps of mitosis.

SOL LS.31. Groups of cells create? tissues2. Groups of tissues create? organs3. Groups of organs create? systems

4. What is an organism made of one cell called?unicellular5. What is an organism made of more than one cell called?multicellular6. What is the passive transport of water molecules across a cell membrane called?osmosis7. What is the passive transport of substances other than water molecules across a cell membrane called?diffusion8. What is the ability of the cell membrane to block some substances, but allow others to pass into the cell?Selective permeabilitySOL LS.41. *a. What is the hierarchy of living things?Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species *b. How can you remember this?Do keep pots clean or family gets sick.2. What is an organism’s genus and species called (also called scientific name)?Binomial nomenclature3. What is a group of similar looking organisms that have the ability to reproduce called (they would have the most in common)?species4. What domain contains single cell organisms that can survive in extreme conditions?Archaea5. What domain contains the kingdoms of Protista, Fungi, Animals, and Plants?Eukarya6. What domain is made up of microscopic organisms that recycle nutrients?Bacteria7. Identify the animal group (phyla). * a. Jellyfish, sea anemones, and Corals cnidarians *b. Clams, oysters, scallops, snails,

and octopi (most have shells)

mollusks *c. Segmented worms (earthworms, leeches)

annelids *d. flatworm (tapeworm)

Platyhelminthes

*e. round worms (heart worms)

Nematodes *f. Insects, spiders, &

crustaceans (lobsters and crabs)

Arthropods *g. Sea stars, sea urchins, sand

dollars, and sea cucumbers

Echinoderms *h. Fish, frogs, snakes, birds,

bears, and humanschordates

8. Identify the plant group (phyla). *a. Grows close to the ground, not true root system, no flowers

mosses*b. Grows close to the ground, true root system, no flowers

ferns *c. Grows tall, true root system, needles and cones

conifers *d. Variable sizes, true root system, flowers, and often fruit

flowering plants

SOL LS.51. What is the process where plants create their own food? photosynthesis**Formula:6H2O + 6CO2 + Sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O22. What source of energy is needed for photosynthesis? sunlight3. What two resources are the reactants during photosynthesis? Water and carbon dioxide4. What two resources are the products of photosynthesis? Glucose and oxygen5. What do plants use glucose for? food6. What chemical in chloroplasts absorbs or traps sunlight?chlorophyll7. What process is the foundation of virtually all food webs?photosynthesis8. What cellular process breaks down food molecules and releases energy?Cellular respiration

SOL LS.61. Identify the cycle and label the processes below- Water cycle

prophase

metaphase

anophase

telophase

*a. __evaporation___ *b. ___condensation______ *c. ___precipitation________ *d. _____transpiration_______ *e. ___runoff____2. *a. Identify the cycle below-

Carbon Cycle

*b. Animals release _carbon dioxide while plants carry out ___photosynthesis______3. Identify the cycle below- Nitrogen cycle

Animals eat plants; Animals die and produce waste products;Decomposers recycle nutrients4. Identify the following:Grass Mouse Snake Hawk *a. What is the Producer above?

grass *b. What is the 1st Order

Consumer above?mouse

*c. What is the 2nd Order Consumer above?snake

*d. What is the 3rd Order Consumer above?

hawk5. What happens to the number of organisms and the amount of energy as you move through a food pyramid or food web?It decreases

SOL LS.71. What are the five needs of all animals?Food, Water, Air, Shelter, and Space2. What term describes animals that are fighting for the same need?Competition3. What term describes animals working together to meet a need?Cooperation4. What term describes organisms within a population that have specific jobs to ensure basic needs are met? (Bees and Ants)Social Hierarchy5. What term describes an organisms need to establish a habitat in order to meet basic needs and obtain resources?Territorial Imperative 6. (True/False) Too much of any of need can be as harmful as too little.TrueSOL LS.81. Identify each as a producer, consumer, or decomposer. *a. A grasshopper is a consumer__. *b. Wheat is a _producer__. *c. A bacteria spore is a decomposer_. 2. *a. Contrast a predator and prey. Predator eats prey *b. Give an example of a predator – prey relationship. Ex. snake eats mouse3. Give an example of a producer – consumer relationship. Ex. rabbit eats grass4. Identify each symbiotic relationship. *a. One thing benefits while the other is harmed. (Tick on a Dog) parasitism *b. One thing benefits while the other isn’t affected. (Vultures feed on the scrapes left by a Lion) commensalism *c. Both things benefit. (Sharks are cleaned by a smaller fish)

mutualism5. What is an animal’s role or job in life called?niche

SOL LS.91. What are the living organisms within a specific area and their physical environment called?Ecosystem 2. What are the three main types of ecosystems?Terrestrial (land), Marine, & freshwater3. What are the large regions with ecological communities adapted to the climate and other conditions called?biomes4. *a. What is an abiotic factor? Nonliving factor

*b. Give some examples of abiotic factors. Rocks, water, climate, temperature, sunlight5. *a. What is a biotic factor? Living factor *b. Give some examples of biotic factors. Trees, animals, cells6. What is the warmest biome? desert7. What is the coldest biome? Tundra 8. What biome gets the most rain? Rainforest 9. What biome gets the least rain? desert10. What biome do the animals need to be able to run fast? Grassland 11. What biome do animals and plants need to store water? desert12. What biome do plants have very large leaves?

rainforest13. What biome is white fur an advantage? Tundra 14. What biome is being able to climb or fly important? Rainforest 15. What biome would you find trees with needles and cones? Coniferous forest (Taiga)16. What biome would you find oak and maple trees?

a.b.

c.d.

e.

Deciduous forest17. What biome are large feet an advantage? Tundra18. Are there more plants or animals in the grassland or rainforest? Why? Rainforest; more rain and stable climate19. What biome would you find corn and wheat growing? Grassland SOL LS.10 & LS.111. What terms describes a plant either growing towards or away from light?Phototropism2. What term describes an animal that lowers its metabolism in order to deal with cold conditions?Hibernation3. What term describes a plants ability to suspend its metabolism in order to deal with adverse conditions?Dormancy4. You’re a raccoon. What will happen to your population in each case below?* a. If the size of the habitat increases? Population increases*b. If the size of the habitat decreases? Population decreases*c. If the number of wolves decrease? Population increases*d. If the number of wolves increase? Population decreases*e. If the food supply decreases? Population decreases*f. If the food supply increase? Population increases*g. If the number of squirrel (competition) increase? Population decreases*h. If the number of squirrel (competition) decrease? Population increases5. What is the addition of excess nutrients to an ecosystem called?Eutrophication6. What can permanently alter a community and ecosystem?Major Climate Changes and Catastrophic Disasters7. (True/False) Actions by humans can have both a positive and

negative effect on the health of an ecosystem and the population of a community.True SOL LS.121. Your individual traits are called? genes2. What creates DNA and contains all of your individual traits ? chromosomes3. What is your complete genetic code called? DNA4. What is the shape of DNA?Double helix (spiral staircase)5. What word describes the strong trait? dominant6. What word describes the weak trait? recessive7. What is the trait that actually shows called (physical expression)?phenotypes8. What is the gene combination called?genotype9. What is the name of the chart that shows possible phenotypes and genotypes? Punnett square10. What are some characteristics you inherited? Eye color, hair color, bone structure 11. Identify some characteristics determined by your environment. Personality, intelligence, language12. Who is the Father of Genetics? Gregor Mendel13. Who discovered DNA?Rosalind Franklin14. Who created the double helix model of DNA?Watson and Crick15. What is it called when the genetic code is manipulated to obtain a desired product?Genetic EngineeringSOL LS.131. What are changes over time in order to survive? adaptations2. What is the process where animals select mates with traits best suited for survival? Natural selection3. What are inheritable changes to an organism’s genetic code (a change in a gene)?mutation4. What term describes when a species completely dies out? extinction

5. What does the fossil record, genetic information, distribution of organisms, and similarities among species show?Evidence of evolution