Solar cooling news from Europe: Post-Palermo wrap-up

Dr.-Ing. Paul Kohlenbach

ausSCIG Solar Cooling conference

Melbourne

08.12.2009

Solar Cooling – Post-Palermo wrap-up – Kohlenbach - Slide 2

Contents

1.  Participation

2.  New developments in chillers

3.  New developments in collectors

4.  Policy developments

Solar Cooling – Post-Palermo wrap-up – Kohlenbach - Slide 3

Participation

Total of 198 participants from 35 different countries

116 first-time participants

Germany36%

Italy18%

Spain11%

Austria5%

USA5%

Australia6%

Other  19%

Participants by country:

Source: OTTI 2009

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Participation

Universities36%

Companies30%

Research  Institutes

15%

Public  organisations

5%

Consultants9%

Associations4%

Energy  Suppliers1%

Participants by affiliation:

Source: OTTI 2009

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Contents

1.  Participation

2.  New developments in chillers

3.  New developments in collectors

4.  Policy developments

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Small solar cooling applications (<5 kW)

5 kW absorption chiller (EAW, Germany)

–  Downscaled version of EAW 15 kW chiller –  LiBr/water

Source: Ajib et al 2009

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Small solar cooling applications (<5 kW)

Steam ejector system (Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Germany)

–  5kWth steam ejector system –  6 bar operating pressure –  20 m2 parabolic trough collectors

Source: Pollerberg et al 2009

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Small solar cooling applications (<5 kW)

2.5 kW adsorption chiller (ECN, Netherlands)

–  Silica gel based –  60x60cm footprint, height ~100cm –  Residential application

Source: Bakker, de Boer 2009

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Small solar cooling applications (<5 kW)

2 kW mobile (car) air-conditioning (Uni Warwick, UK)

–  2 kW Adsorption chiller, active carbon/NH3 –  Engine coolant driven, 90 degC –  COP ~ 0.3 –  0.09 m3 in volume (45l/kW cooling) – very compact

Source: Critoph 2009

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New developments solar cooling applications

Latent heat storage and night time heat rejection (ZAE Bayern Germany)

–  Latent heat storage (paraffin) –  Condenser+absorber heat stored during the day –  Released at night time to lower ambient temperatures –  COPel ~ 6

Reject heat from chiller

Source: Helm et al 2009

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New developments solar cooling applications

Liquid desiccant chiller (AIL, USA)

Source: Lowenstein 2009

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New developments solar cooling applications

New vacuum ice storage system (ILK, Germany)

–  Centrifugal compressor system –  Absorption chiller cools condenser –  Ice slurry -1 degC –  Pumpable up to 60% ice content

Source: Safarik, Albring 2009

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Contents

1.  Participation

2.  New developments in chillers

3.  New developments in collectors

4.  Policy developments

Solar Cooling – Post-Palermo wrap-up – Kohlenbach - Slide 14

New collector developments

New reflective flat plate collector (Fraunhofer ISE, Germany)

–  Mirror reflector on either side of collector –  Transparent cover over flat plate –  Design temperature 120 degC –  Increase in solar gain ~35%

Source: Hess et al 2009

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New collector developments

Fresnel collector (Mirroxx, Germany)

–  5.5m aperture –  Weight 25 kg/ m2 –  Peak power 500 W/m2

Source: Zahler et al 2009

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Contents

1.  Participation

2.  New developments in chillers

3.  New developments in collectors

4.  Policy developments

Solar Cooling – Post-Palermo wrap-up – Kohlenbach - Slide 17

Policy developments

New french solar heating and cooling development program

–  Performance based !!! –  20 – 200 kW range –  Minimum yield 450 kWh/m2/a (both cooling and heating) –  Minimum annual COP = 5 –  50% funding at contract, 30% at commissioning –  20% funding after 2 years of successful plant operation (monitoring) –  5x installations in 2010, 10x in 2011 and 10x in 2012

Source: Mugnier, le Denn 2009

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Policy developments

Green Chiller Association (Germany)

–  Founded March 2009 –  Represents 60% of all EU manufacturers of

small and medium scale thermally driven chillers

–  Lobbying/technology promotion

Source: Jakob 2009

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Poster price for Australia – Edward Halawa

Source: OTTI 2009

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Presentations for download

http://energie.otti.de/cooling/

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References 1.  Pollerberg C, Jaehnig D, Doetsch C. (2009). Prototype of a solar steam driven jet ejector chiller. Proc. of 3rd Int.

Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009. 2.  Ajib S, Safarik M, Richter L, Kuhn M, Guenther W, Weidner G. (2009). Development of a 5 kW absorption chiller

for solar cooling installations. Proc. of 3rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009.

3.  Bakker EJ, de Boer R. (2009). Development of a new 2.5 kW adsorption chiller for heat driven cooling. Proc. of 3rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009.

4.  Critoph B (2009). A compact solid adsorption chiller for solar air conditioning. Proc. of 3rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009.

5.  Helm M, Hagel K, Hiebler S, Mehling H, Schweigler S. (2009). Performance of a solar heating and cooling system with absorption chiller and latent heat storage. Proc. of 3rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009.

6.  Lowenstein A. (2009). The application of a liquid desiccant air-conditioner to solar cooling. Proc. of 3rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009.

7.  Safarik M, Albring P (2009). Vacuum ice storage as a novel concept of energy storage in solar cooling systems. Proc. of 3rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009.

8.  Hess S, Di Lauro P, Oliva A, Hanby V (2009). RefleC. A new collector for solar cooling applications with operating temperatures up to 150 degC. Proc. of 3rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009.

9.  Zahler C, Haeberle A, Schwind T, Berger M, Louw JW (2009). Mirroxx fresnel process heat collectors for industrial applications and solar cooling. Proc. of 3rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009.

10.  Mugnier D, le Denn A (2009). French solar heating and cooling development program based on energy performance. Proc. of 3rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009.

11.  Jakob U. (2009). Green chiller association. Proc. of 3rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30th to Oct 2nd 2009.

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