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TRANSCRIPT
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Presented By:
Solar Energy for Buildings and Campuses
Dr. Sameer Maithel
National Workshop onGreen Buildings, Townships & Campuses:
Sustainable Development for Tomorrow
12th August 2010
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Greentech Knowledge Solutions Sustainable Energy Consulting
Design of energy-efficient buildings
Decentralized Renewable Energy Applications
Energy Efficiency in small enterprises
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Solar Energy Options for Buildings and Campuses
• Solar Water Heating
• Solar Photovoltaic
• Solar concentrators for cooking
and cooling
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Solar Water Heating
• Around 5 TWh of electricity is used for heating water in the residential buildings.
• Large quantities of electricity, liquid fuels, PNG is used for water heating in commercial buildings (hotels, hospitals, etc.)
• Typically, 60-90% of the water heating requirements can be met through solar energy in residential and commercial buildings
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Solar Water Heating
• Solar Water Heating Solutions exists
for
– Individual houses
– Multi-story housing
– Hotels, guest houses, canteens
– Hospitals
– Hostels
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Solar Water Heating
• Multi-Storey Housing
– More than 50 systems are in operation at
Bangalore, Pune, Gurgaon, Thane, etc.
– Oldest system is about 10 years old
– Several variations:
• Types of collectors
• Auxiliary heating
• Hot water supply loop
• Level of instrumentation
• Hot water management
• Quality of insulated pipe-lines and tanks, etc.
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Slide No.
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MULTI STOREY BUILDINGMULTI STOREY BUILDINGCENTRAL PARK CENTRAL PARK –– GURGAON GURGAON
Source: Synergysolar
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Installation of Multiple Small systems in Installation of Multiple Small systems in multistoried buildings multistoried buildings –– Option 1Option 1
Source: Synergysolar
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ILLUSTRATION ABOUT PLUMBING AND ILLUSTRATION ABOUT PLUMBING AND DISTRUBUTION OF HOT WATER DISTRUBUTION OF HOT WATER –– Option 2Option 2
Source: Synergysolar
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Solar Hot Water Management System
Source: Akson’s Solar
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Typical Cost-Benefit Analysis
• Location: Bangalore
• System Size: 93500 lpd
• No of flats: 993 Flats in 10 towers (G+18)
• System cost = Rs 1.7 crores (approx.)
• Pay-back period: 2-3 years
Source: Emvee Solar
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Typical Cost-Benefit Analysis
• Location: Gurgaon
• System Size: 32000 lpd
• No of flats: 8 towers x 32 flats = 256
flats
• System cost = Rs 71 lakhs
• Pay-back period: Around 3.5-5 years,
depending on the usage
Source: Haryana Housing Board
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Solar Photovoltaic
• Off-grid
– Streetlights
– Pumping
– Lighting of common areas
• Rooftop grid-interactive systems
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Solar PV System: Residential
• Common lighting fixture e.g. garden lights, parking lights etc
• Constant loads like small water Pumps.
• Solar inverters LED based Solar Street Light
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Grid-connected Rooftop Solar PV Systems
OMAX AUTOS- MANESAR (GURGAON)
• 2X100 kW roof top systems without battery bank installed in 2010
• Supplementary power source to reduce DG and grid requirement.
• In progress of dedicating certain constant loads to the system for the day-time by integrating a small battery bank to compensate the fluctuations.
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View of a 100 kW SPV system
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Cost Benefit -100 kW SPV
SystemCapacity 100 kW
Total Cost 2.5 Crore
Capital Subsidy Rs. 75 lakhs
Accelerated Depreciation
benefit (@80% for 2 years)
Rs. 28 lakhs
Expected annual output 150,000 kWh/annum
Expected Savings (Diesel) 35000 lt/annum
Rooftop area 1100 sq m (approx)
Pay-back period ( at
8.3 yrs (Approx)
Source: Omax Autos
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Solar Cooling
• Vapor Absorption Machine (VAM) provides cooling similar to centralized AC’s and requires heat instead of electricity as input.
• Solar thermal energy can be used to run VAM by using Solar collectors.
• Technology in India is in a nascent stage but few examples of proven results exists in India.
• Normally parabolic dishes are used as a solar collector but ETC can also be used easily.
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Solar Cooling
Source: Infosys
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Solar Cooling in Turbo Energy Ltd, Chennai
Source: Thermax
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Turbo Energy Ltd, Chennai
Solar Cooling:
• Solar parabolic reflectors: 60
• Size of reflector: 16 m2
• Total area of reflector: 960 m2
• Cooling Load targeted: 90 TR
(approx)
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Solar Cooking
Solar Steam based cooking
• Steam generated through solar
parabolic collectors can be utilized
for steam cooking.
• At most places in India, the system
can perform for more than 300
days/year.
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Schematic of Solar Steam
Cooking
Source: Thermax
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Case-Study of a Hostel
• No. of meals: 1000 meals per day
• Annual LPG Consumption: 1000 Commercial cylinder
• No. of Solar Collector dishes: 14 nos
• Total Investment: Rs. 27.2 lakh
• MNRE Subsidy: Rs. 11.2 lakh
• Savings: 567 cylinders/ annum
• Payback: 3-4 years
Source: Thermax
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Conclusions
• Solar energy in some form or other can be used in every building project.
• Several of the options like SWH are technically and commercially viable. Advances in technology, more choices and reduction in cost is expected for several solar solutions in coming years.
• Solar energy options needs to be explored and integrated during the early-design phase of a project and should be considered along with energy-efficiency options.
• Good system design requires a good understanding of the load, solar resource, technology, controls and operation and management aspects.