solar heat in industrial processescrses.sun.ac.za/...delangeoct2013-542a5df59cd7f.pdf · 2013/10/08...
TRANSCRIPT
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2013/10/08 1
Solar Heat in Industrial Processes It’s applicability in South Africa
Solar thermal power seminar
Billy de Lange 8 October 2013
Durban
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What if you need more hot water?
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Large scale solar thermal systems Kolymbia beach hotel Rhodes island, Greece (144m2 of panels, for pool heating)
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Large scale solar thermal systems
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Large scale solar thermal systems
Solar thermal for district heating
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Large scale solar thermal systems Currently world’s largest system is at Princess Noura Bint Abdul
Rahman University near Riyadh in Saudi Arabia: • 36,305m2 of flat-plate collectors
• 25MWthermal
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Different collector operating temperatures
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Flat-plate
Most common collectors
Evacuated tube
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Different collector operating temperatures
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Compound Parabolic Collector (CPC)
Collectors
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Different collector operating temperatures
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Collectors Parabolic trough
• Temperatures from 60˚C up to 400˚C, some claim even higher • Only makes use of direct component of solar energy
• Therefore requires tracking
Linear fresnel
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BBE Linear Fresnel at ERIC
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GHI and DNI
diffuse + direct = global
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GHI and DNI
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GHI and DNI
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Non-imaging
• Flat-plate
• Evacuated tube
• Unglazed collectors
• Linear Fresnel
• Parabolic trough
• Compound parabolic collector (CPC)
• Usually does not need tracking
• Many, but not all, need tracking
• Simple, inexpensive • Complex, expensive
• Lower temperatures • Higher temperatures
Imaging
Collectors
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Typical residential system
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Collectors Thermal storage
Heat exchangers
Pumps
Piping &
Valves
Control System P
roce
ss s
ide
Source: Solar Process Heat Generation: Guide to Solar Thermal System Design for Selected Industrial Processes, S. Heß, A. Olivia, Fraunhofer ISE, Germany
Typical large scale system layout
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Collectors Thermal storage
Heat exchangers
Pumps
Piping &
Valves
Control System P
roce
ss s
ide
Source: Solar Process Heat Generation: Guide to Solar Thermal System Design for Selected Industrial Processes, S. Heß, A. Olivia, Fraunhofer ISE, Germany
Typical large scale system layout
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Store energy for later use
Thermal storage Add stability to system
It’s like a battery, but for thermal energy
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Thermal Storage
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Thermal Storage
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Source: Solar Energy Engineering: Processes and Systems, S.A. Kalogirou, 2009
System integration
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What it is solar process heat?
• Thermal energy
• Anything from hot air to hot water, steam and hot oil
• Typically larger scale systems
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• 1/3 of final energy demand in industry is for heat
• Temperature ranges are suitable for solar
• Can be combined with solar cooling
Source: IEA SHC Task33 and SolarPACES TaskIV report: Potential for Solar Heat in Industrial Processes
Potential in the industry?
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Source: IEA SHC Task33 and SolarPACES TaskIV report: Potential for Solar Heat in Industrial Processes
Potential
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Roadmap vision for solar heating and cooling (Exajoule/yr)
Source: IEA Technology Roadmap for Solar Heating and Cooling, 2012
Potential It’s important to note that solar cooling should also be considered, especially if used in combination with process heat!
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Potential
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Potential
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Potential
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Example: Gösser Brewery in Austria
Study by AEE INTEC on Gösser Brewery in Austria • 1500m2 Flat-plate collectors • 200m3 Thermal Storage • Estimated cost: R11,418,750 • Annual GHI 1070kWh/m2 • Expected payback <10years
If this was in Johannesburg: • Annual GHI 2200kWh/m2 • Roughly 50% saving in
collectors
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Example: Gösser Brewery in Austria
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Example: Heineken Brewery in Spain
Study by AEE INTEC on Heinken Brewery in Spain • 2835m2 Flat-plate collectors • 350m3 Thermal Storage • Estimated cost: R14,139,562 • Annual GHI 1610kWh/m2 • Expected payback <8years
If this was in Cape Town: • Annual GHI 2025kWh/m2 • Roughly 26% saving in
collectors
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Example: Heineken Brewery in Spain
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Why SHIP in SA is good
• We have significantly higher solar resources
• We have more clear-sky days
• We generally have higher ambient temperatures
• We can manufacture the components locally
• We should have cheaper installation costs
• We have the right industries for integration
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Thank you
Billy de Lange
Research Engineer
Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies
Stellenbosch University
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