SUN PLANETS

ASTEROIDS

MOON

COMETS

SPACE ROCKS

Throughout the Milky Way, and other galaxies like it, are gigantic swirling clouds of dust and gas known as nebula. It is within nebula

that stars are born. Our star, the Sun, was created in one such nebula.

Something, perhaps the shock wave from an exploding supernova (dying star) triggered dust particles to be drawn together

to form a dense spherical cloud. The accumulation of dust set off a chain reaction. As the core of the cloud attracted more dust, its

gravitational pull increased. More and more dust was sucked in and the cloud collapsed in on itself. As this happened, the rotation of the cloud increased in speed, as happens when spinning ice skaters pull

in their arms. The rotational forces at the equator of the cloud prevented dust along this plane being drawn in, causing the cloud to

flatten into a disc spinning around a dense core.

As more and more mass accumulated at the centre of the disc, the temperature increased dramatically. Eventually

there was enough energy to set off nuclear reactions. Hydrogen atoms fused to form helium, releasing

enormous amounts of energy in vigorous bursts. This marked the birth of the Sun, although it would take

between one and 10 million more years for it to settle into the main sequence star recognizable today.

The planets, and other extraterrestrial objects such as asteroids, formed in the flat plane of the spinning disc of dust. Electrostatic forces or sticky carbon coatings made

dust particles stick together to form clusters, which in turn stuck together to form rocks. Mutual gravity caused these rocks to come together, eventually to form planets. This

'coming together' of material is a process known as accretion.

SUNThe Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is by far the most important source of

energy for life on Earth. The Sun is a nearly perfect spherical ball of hot plasma.

PLANETSA planet (from Ancient Greek), meaning "wandering star") is an astronomical

object orbiting a star.

ASTEROIDSAsteroids are minor planets, especially those of the inner Solar System. The larger

ones have also been called planetoids.

MOONThe Moon (Latin: Luna) is Earth's only natural satellite.[e][f][8] Although not the largest natural satellite in the Solar System, among the satellites of major planets it is the largest relative to the size of the object it orbits (its primary).[g][h] It is the second-densest satellite among those

whose densities are known (after Jupiter's satellite Io)COMETS

A comet is an icy small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, heats up and begins to outgas, displaying a visible atmosphere or coma, and sometimes also a tail. These

phenomena are due to the effects of solar radiation and the solar windupon the nucleus of the comet.

SPACE ROCKS

MERCURY

MERCURYClosest planet to the Sun.

Smallest planet in our Solar System.Terrestrial planet-(solid surface).

Lots of craters like the Moon.Hot during day/cold during night.

No atmosphere.1 year=88 days=(travels very fast)

1 day=1407 earth hours=(58 Earth days)Temperature=173 to 427 degrees Celsius

No Moons.Mercury is the second densest planet.

Mercury has wrinkles.Mercury has molten core.

Mercury is names after the Roman messenger.

MASS330,104,000,000

EQUITORIAL DIAMETER4,789

POLAR DIAMETER4,789

EQUITORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE15,329

KNOWN MOONSNONE

NOTABLE MOONSNONE

ORBIT DISTANCE57,909,227 km

ORBIT PERIOD87.97 Earth Days

SURFACE TEMPERATURE-173to427 Degrees Celsius

FIRST RECORD14th Century BC

RECORDED BYASSYNIAN ASTRONOMERS

VENUS

VENUSSecond planet from the Sun.

Similar size to Earth.Terrestrial Planet-(solid surface)

Rotates in opposite direction-(spins backwards)Hot and deadly-lots of volcanoes.

1 year=225 Earth days.1 day=5832 Earth hours-(because it spin backward)

Temperature=462 degrees Celsius-very hot.No moon.

A day on Venus lasts longer than a year.Venus is the second-brightest object in the sky.Venus is the hottest planet in our Solar System.

Venus is Earth’s Twin.

MASS4,867,320,000,000 billion kg

EQUATORIAL DIAMETER12,104 km

POLAR DIAMETER12,104 km

EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE38,025 km

KNOWN MOONSNONE

NOTABLE MOONSNONE

ORBIT DISTANCE108,209,475 kmORBIT PERIOD

224.70

SURFACE TEMPERATURE462 Degrees Celsius

FIRST RECORD17th Century BC

RECORDED BYBABYLONIAN ASTRONOMERS

EARTH

EARTHThird planet from the Sun.

Fifth Largest planet in our Solar System.Terrestrial Planet-(solid surface)

Supports life with air, water, land.Consists of ocean, continents, atmosphere.

1 year=165 Earth days.1 day=24 Earth hours.

Temperature=87 to 57 degrees Celsius.One Moon.

Earth has the greatest density.Earth is the only planet not named after a god.

Earth has a powerful magnetic field.Earth has only one natural satellite.

MASS5,972,190,000,000

EQUITORIAL DIAMETER12,756 km

POLAR DIAMETER12,716 km

EQUITORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE40,030 km

KNOWN MOONS1 MOON

NOTABLE MOONSMOON

ORBIT DISTANCE149,598,262

ORBIT PERIOD365.26 Earth Days

SURFACE TEMPERATURE88 to 58 degrees Celsius

MARS

MARSFourth planet from the Sun.

Smaller than Earth.Terrestrial planet-(solid surface).

Mars is rocky, dusty and dry-(red iron in soil).Mars has polar ice-caps like Earth.

1 year=687 Earth days.1 day=24 Earth hours, 37 minutes.

Temperature=-214 to -5 degrees Celsius.2 Moons=Phobos and Deimos.

Mars takes its name from the Roman god of war.Mars has the largest dust storms in the Solar

System.Only 18 missions to Mars have been successful.

MASS641,693,000,000 billion kg

EQUATORIAL DIAMETER6,805 km

POLAR DIAMETER6,755 km

EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE21,297 km

KNOWN MOONS2 MOONS

NOTABLE MOONSPHOBOS AND DEIMOS

ORBIT DISTANCE227,943,824 km

ORBIT PERIOD686.98 EARTH DAYS=(1.88) EARTH YEARS

SURFACE TEMPERATURE-87 TO -5 DEGREES CELSIUS

FIRST RECORD2nd MILLENIUM BC

RECORDED BY

JUPITER

JUPITERFifth planet from the Sun.

Largest planet in our Solar System=(1,300 Earths)Gas Planet=windy clouds of ammonia and water.

Has a red spot-(giant spinning storm).1 year=4,331 Earth days=(12 Earth years).

1 day=9 Earth hours=(56 minutes).Temperature=148 degrees Celsius-(very cold).

67 moons.Eight spacecrafts has visited Jupiter.

Jupiter’s Moon Ganymede is the largest moon in our Solar System.

Jupiter is the fourth brightest planet in the Solar System.

MASS1,898,130,000,000,000,000 BILLION KG

EQUATORIAL DIAMETER142,984 KM

POLAR DIAMETER133,709 KM

EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE439,264 KM

KNOWN MOONS67 MOONS

NOTABLE MOONSLO,EUROPA,GANYMEDE,CALLISTO…….

KNOWN RINGS4 RINGS

ORBIT DISTANCE778,340,821 KM

ORBIT PERIOD4,332.82 EARTH DAYS=(11.86 EARTH YEARS)

SURFACE TEMPERATURE

-108 DEGREES CELSIUS

FIRST RECORD

SATURN

SATURNSixth planet from the Sun.

2nd largest planet but very light.Gas planet, similar to Jupiter.

7 Flat rings made up of rocks,ice and dust.1 year=10759 Earth days=(29 Earth years).

1 day=10 Earth hours,39 minutes.Temperature=178 degrees Celsius=(very cold).

It has 62 moons=(largest is Titan).Saturn can be seen with the naked eye.

Saturn is the flattest planet.Four spacecrafts have visited Saturn.

Saturn has the most extensive rings in the Solar System.

MASS 568,319,000,000,000,000

EQUATORIAL DIAMETER120,536 KM

POLAR DIAMETER108,728 KM

EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE365,882 KM

KNOWN MOONS62 MOONS

NOTABLE MOONSTITA,RHEA,ENCELADUS…….

KNOWN RINGS30+(7 GROUPS)

ORBIT DISTANCE1,426,666,422 KM

ORBIT PERIOD10,755,,70 EARTH DAYS=(29.45 EARTH YEARS)

SURFACE TEMPERATURE-139 DEGREES CELSIUS

FIRST RECORD 8TH CENTURY BC

URANUS

URANUSSeventh planet from the Sun.

3rd Largest planet.Gas Planet=Ice,similar to Neptune.

Poles turn to the Sun=(spins on different axis).Very cold and windy=(coldest planet).

1 year=30687 Earth days=(84 Earth years).1 day=17 Earth hours,15 minutes.

Temperature=-216 degrees Celsius=(very cold).27 known moons.

Only one spacecraft has flown on Uranus.Uranus hits the coldest temperatures of any

planet.Discovered by Sir William Herschel in 1781.

MASS86,810,300,000,000,000 BILLLON KG

EQUATORIAL DIAMETER51,118 KM

POLAR DIAMETER49,946 KM

EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE159,354 KM

KNOWN MOONS27 MOONS

NOTABLE MOONSOBERON,TITANIA,MIRANDA,ARIEL,UMBRIEL……..

KNOWN RINGS 13 RINGS

ORBIT DISTANCE2,870,958,186 KM

ORBIT PERIOD30,687.15 EARTH DAYS=(84.2 EARTH YEARS)

SURFACE TEMPERATURE-197 DEGREES CELSIUS

DISCOVER DATE

NEPTUNE

NEPTUNEEight planet from the Sun.

4th Largest planet=(can fit 6O Earths inside).Gas Planet=(icy).

Windiest Planet in our Sola System.1 year=60,190 Earth days=(165 Earth years)

1 day=16 Earth hours,7 minutes.Temperature=-214 degrees Celsius=very cold.

13 known moons.Only one spacecraft has flown in Neptune.Neptune has a very thin collection of rings.

Neptune has a very active climate.

MASS102,410,000,000,000,000

EQUATORIAL DIAMETER49,528 KM

POLAR DIAMETER48,682 KM

EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE155,600 KM

KNOWN MOONS13 MOONS

NOTABLE MOONSTRITON........

KNOWN RINGS5 RINGS

ORBIT DISTANCE4,498,396,441 KM

ORBIT PERIOD60,190.3 EARTH DAYS-(164.79 EARTH YEARS)

SURFACE TEMPERATURE-201 DEGREES CELSIUS

DISCOVER DATE

LEADER

TRISHIA ANNE CALBANG

MEMBERSPIA MIKAELA BATHAN

KRYSHA JEN FIGUEROA

MIKEE BANAL