SOLID WASTE:COLLECTION & MANAGEMENT METHODS

presented by :-RIYAJ SAYYAD BASHINDEThird year, Department of CIVIL EngineeringKolhapur Institute of Technologys College of Engineering, KolhapurSOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

CONTENT:What is solid waste?Sources of wastesCollection of solid wasteTypes of solid wasteWhat is SWM?Objectives of SWMMethods of SWMCase study on SWMConclusionReference

What is Solid Waste? non-liquid ,non soluble materials ranging from municipal garbage to industrial wastes that contain complex and sometimes hazardous substance Examples: plastics, Styrofoam containers, bottles, cans, papers, scrap iron, and other trash, etc.

Sources of Wastes:

HouseholdsCommerce and Industry

AgricultureFisheriesCollection of solid waste:Collection of waste includes gathering the waste, transporting to a centralized location and then moving it to site of disposalThen collected waste is the separated. Types of solid waste:

Hazardous waste:Hazardous waste are the types of waste which areharmful for human beings. E.g.:-solvents acids, heavy metals,pesticides,etc.

Non-Hazardous waste:Non Hazardous waste are the types of waste which are not harmful for human beings. E.g.:-garbage, sludge, municipal trash.

What is meant by solid waste management? Solid Waste managementis the "generation, prevention, characterization, monitoring, treatment, handling, reuse and residual disposition ofsolid wastes".

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT-ObjectivesPublic hygiene and healthReuse ,Recovery and RecycleEnergy generationSustainable developmentAesthetics

Methods of solid waste management:LAND FILLINCINERATIONCOMPACTION:PYROLYSIS:-The 3 Rs

1.LAND FILL:It is the most traditional method of waste disposal.Waste is directly dumped into disused quarries, mining voids or borrow pits. Disposed waste is compacted and covered with soilGases generated by the decomposing waste materials are often burnt to generate power.It is generally used for domestic waste.

2. INCINERATION:Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of solid waste at 1000C. waste materials are converted into ash, flue gas, and heat.The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste and gases due to organic waste.the heat generated by incineration is used to generate electric power.

3.COMPACTION:

The waste is compacted or compressed. It also breaks up large or fragile items of waste.This process is conspicuous in the feed at the back end of many garbage collection vehicles. Deposit refuse at bottom of slope for best compaction and control of blowing litter.

4.PYROLYSIS:

Pyrolysis is defined as thermal degradation of waste in the absence of air to produce char, pyrolysis oil and syngas, e.g. the conversion of wood to charcoal also it is defined as destructive distillation of waste in the absence of oxygen. External source of heat is employed in this process.

5.The 3 Rs:REDUCE

REUSE

RECYCLEREDUCE:You can help by PRECYCLING. 1/3 of all garbage is packaging. Buy things that are in packages that can be recycled or are made of recycled materials. When you buy something small, say no thanks to a bag.

REUSE:Many things can be reused before you throw them out. Use coffee cans and cottage cheese containers for storage Put leftovers in resalable containers instead of using wraps and foil Use old clothes as rags for cleaning instead of paper towels Have a garage sale or donate clothes, books or toys that you don't use anymore

RECYCLE:Each year we use: 25 billion plastic containers 30 billion bottles & jars 65 billion aluminum cans 100 billion pounds of paper

Case studyLocation: Solid waste management in Mumbai, MaharashtraCapital of MaharashtraGreater Mumbai consist of island city and suburbs;area:437.71 sq km (MCGM 2013);under single municipal administration

General profile:Population of city around 12 mn41.3% of total urban households live in slumsClimate :moderately hot ,humid almost through the year

Waste collection:Agency in charge is MCGM or BMCGarbage generated in 2012-2013 is 9200 metric ton Street Sweeping 100% street cleaning in 1 or 2 shifts (67% by municipal staff and 33% roads by private contractors)

Collection 83% through collection bins and 13% house-to-house collection (Source: MCGM)

Frequency :1396 number of trips each day. (MCGMWaste Collection Pilot schemes:Waste Management Framework:Waste Disposal - Journey of WasteMethods of landfillArea methodTrench method Open pit methodCanyon method.

Area methodThe area method is used when the terrain is unsuitable for excavation.

The filling operation usually is started by building an earthen levee against which wastes are compacted and placed in thin layers.

At the end of each days operation a 150-300 mm of layer of cover material is placed over the completed landfill.

A completed lift, including the cover material is called a cell

CONCLUSION:

Solid Waste Management is one of the important functions of urban local bodies.It is observed that lack of financial resources, institutional weakness, improper selection of technology, transportation systems and disposal options are making this problem even worse.Increase in population has increased all sorts of demands leading to formation of wastes.If ignored, this problem may lead serious hazards and hence this topic is burning issue.REFERENCE:

https://www.wikipedia.org/http://www.mcgm.gov.in/irj/portal/anonymous/qlcleanoverSolid Waste Management: Types, Sources, Effects and Methods of Solid Waste Management;byPuja MondalSOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT; P. U. AsnaniWaste disposal and landfill: Information needs; R. Taylor and A. Allen

Thank you