solubility of alcohols in wate1.docxdd

7/31/2019 Solubility of Alcohols in Wate1.DocxDD

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A. Solubility of alcohols in water1. Label 5 test tubes, A through E, and

with the aid of a Pasteur pipette, place

ten droops of each of the alcohols listed

into the appropriate tube:

A ethanol

Bn-butyl alcohol

Csec-butyl alcohol

Dtert-butyl alcohol

E benzyl alcohol

10 drops each

2. Add 1 mL of water dropwise to the tubecontaining alcohol, shaking the mixture

thoroughly after each addition. If a

cloudness results, continue adding

water 0.25 mL at a time, with vigorous

shaking, until a homogeneous

dispersion results. Note the total

volume of water added. If no cloudness

results after the addition of 2.0 mL

water, the alcohol is soluble in water.

Note down the results

B. Lucas TestPreparation of reagent: Dissolve 16 g of

anhydrous zinc chloride in 10 mL of

conc. HCL. Allow the mixture to cool.

1. Add about 50 mg (2-3 drops) of thesample to 1 mL of the reagent in a small

vial. Cap the vial and shake vigorously

for a few seconds.

20 mL Lucas reagent

2. Allow the mixture to stand at roomtemperature.

3. Perform this test on n-butyl alcohol,sec-butyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol as

well. Observe the rate of formation the

cloudy suspension or the formation of 2

layers.

C. Chromic Acid test (Jones Oxidation)1. Dissolve 1 drop of liquid or small

amount of the solid sample in 1 mL of

acetone in a small vial.

A B C

D E


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2. Add 2 drops of 10% aqueous K2Cr2O7soln and 5 drops of 6M H2SO4.

3. Perform this test on :A -n-butyl alcohol

B - sec-butyl alcohol

C - tert-butyl alcohol

D - n-butyraldehyde

E benzaldehyde

F acetone

G - acetophenone

2 drops of 10% aqueous K2Cr2O7 soln and 5

drops of 6M H2SO4

D. 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (or 2,4-DNP) test

Preparation of reagent: add a solution of 3 g of

2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone n 15 mL of conc.

H2SO4 slowly, while stirring to a mixture of 20

mL of water and 70 mL of 95% ethanol. Stir and

filter.

1. Place a drop of a liquid sample into asmall test tube.

2. Add 5 drops of 95% ethanol. Shake well

Add 95% ethanol

3. Add 3 drops of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. If no yellow or

orange-red precipitate forms, allow the

solution to stand for at least 15 min.

3 drops 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine

4. Perform this test on acetone,acetaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde,

benzaldehyde, and acetophenone.

Describe the results.

E. Fehlings testFehlings A: 7 g of hydrated copper (II) sulfate

dissolved in 100 mL of water

Fehlings B: 35 g of potassium sodium tartrate

and 10 g of NaOH in 100 mL of water

1. Into each test tube place 1 mL of freshlyprepared Fehlings reagent (made by

mixing equal amounts of Fehlings Aand Fehlings B).

A B

E

DC

F G


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solubility of alcohols in wate1.docxdd

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