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Solutions to Even-Numbered Problems

From https://testbankgo.eu/p/Solution-Manual-for-Mathematics-for-the-Trades-A-Guided-Approach-10th-Edition-by-Carman

222 Mathematics for the Trades


https://testbankgo.eu/p/Solution-Manual-for-Mathematics-for-the-Trades-A-Guided-Approach-10th-Edition-by-Carman

Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. 223

CHAPTER 1 ARITHMETIC OF WHOLE NUMBERS Preview 1 2. (a) 210,000 (b) 214,700 4. (a) 82 45 37 (b) 4035 1967 2068 (c) 14 31 59 67 22 37 19 77

6. (a) 334 R2

6 200618

20 18 26 24 2

(b) 203

37 751174 111111

8. (a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 (b) 12 12 2 2 3 2 6 2 3

Exercises 1-1 Reading, Writing, Rounding, and Adding Whole Numbers A. 2. Two thousand, three hundred four 4. Two hundred seven thousand, six hundred thirty 6. Ten thousand, seven 8. Five million, fifty-five thousand, five hundred fifty 10. Six thousand, seven hundred nine 12. 17,024 14. 3,002,017 16. 720,000,010 18. 4400 20. 15,000 22. 226,000 B. 2. 65 4. 103 6. 124 8. 136 10. 1,003 12. 831 14. 806 16. 5,525




Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

18. 9302 20. 15,715 22. 47,111 24. 14,711 26. 156,021 28. 2,077,373 C. 2. 5211 4. 6441 6. 16,275 8. 7655 10. 9851 12. 141 14. 148 16. 153,546 18. 3,333,314 D. 2. 3280 2650 2465 + 2970 11365 fbm or 11,365 fbm

4. $13860 3854 942 + 832 $19488 or $19,488

6. 1480 1240 1560 1320 + 1070 6670 shingles

8. 24 8 42 16 + 21 111 qt

10. 8 14 6 27 + 42 97 in.

12. 325 162 25 + 68 580 parts

14. 7 18 6 11 + 9 51 V

16. 8 8 150 6 120 + 8 300 fl oz

18. (a) $37395 1000 3100 950 + 2500 $ 44945 or $44,945

(b) $ 37395 700 3850 900 + 3100 $ 45945 or $45,945

(c) $ 37395 3100 2100 950 950 + 1900 $ 46395 or $46,395

E. 2. (a) Daily Totals Day 1. 1919 2. 2125 3. 1958 4. 1594 5. 2192 6. 1953 7. 1974 8. 1988 9. 1667 10. 1899

(b) Machine Totals A 4074 B 4462 C 2185 D 5665 E 2883

(c) Machine Totals 19,269 Daily Totals 19,269 The totals are equal.



Chapter 1 Arithmetic of Whole Numbers 225


4. (a) Total Expense $ 4260 2540 2100 948 815 750 + 187 $ 11600 or $11,600

(b) Total Monthly Income $ 1760 2650 + 3325 $ 7735

(c) SELL

Exercises 1-2 Subtraction of Whole Numbers A. 2. 7 4. 8 6. 9 8. 0 10. 3 12. 8 14. 9 16. 9 18. 6 20. 5 22. 18 24. 8 26. 5 28. 9 30. 8 32. 9 34. 7 36. 4 B. 2. 29 4. 19 6. 36 8. 29 10. 22 12. 38 14. 85 16. 254 18. 154 20. 715 22. 29 24. 5698 26. 56,042 28. 9614 30. 22,422 C. 2. 8000 − 5647 2353 sq ft

4. 26 cm 200 cm 47 − 171 38 29 cm remain 27 32 170 1 171 cm

6. $ 72 375 84 617 18 $1166 Total Withdrawals Original Balance $ 5820

1166

Remaining Balance $4654 8. (a) 9 in. (b) 4 in. (c) 4 in. (d) 5 in. 10. 14260 − 8420 5840 lb

12. Pipe A 54 22 = 32 in. Pipe B 66 34 = 32 in.





14. 9472 − 5786 3686

16. (a) 91625 − 53216 38409 or 38,409 miles

(b) 40000 − 38409 1591 miles

18. 2722 − 1451 1271 ft D. 2. Both sums are the same, (1,083,676,269) 4. $ 3,837,672 − 3,420,867 $ 416,805 6. $ 17,824 − 9,357 $ 8,467 cubic feet

Exercises 1-3 Multiplication of Whole Numbers A. 2. 56 4. 72 6. 87 8. 28 10. 84 12. 168 14. 423 16. 156 18. 564 20. 644 22. 1088 24. 153 26. 308 28. 1728 30. 7138 32. 1650 34. 928 36. 8930 B. 2. 2006 × 125 10030 4012 2006 250750 or 250,750

4. 809 × 47 5663 3236 38023 or 38,023

6. 708 × 58 5664 3540 41064 or 41,064

8. 2043 × 670 143010 12258 1368810 or 1,368,810

10. 563 × 107 3941 5630 60241 or 60,241

12. 609 × 7 4263

14. 542 × 600 325200 or 325,200

16. 407 × 22 814 814 8954

18. 514 × 62 1028 3084 31868 or 31,868

20. 560 × 203 1680 11200 113680 or 113,680





C. 2. 150 × 14 600 150 2100 ft

4. $ 859 × 17 6013 859 $ 14603 or $14,603

6. 25 × 9 225 in.

8. 12 × 11 12 12 132 in.

10. 4000 × 50 200000 or 200,000 ohms

12. 2 × 5 × 6 = 60 shifts 738000 × 60 44,280,000 pins in six weeks

14. 201 × 72 420 1470 15120 or 15,120 microamps

16. 78 × 3 234 V

18. 24 × 16 144 24 384 miles

20. 15 × 4 60 cubic feet (per minute, per person)

22. 23 × 4 92 bpm

24. 155 × 18 1240 155 2790 calories

26. 12 × 12 24 12 144

144 × 8 1152 pairs

D. 2. (a) 365 × $100 = $36,500 (not a leap year)

(b) 52 × $700 = $36,400 (c) 400 + 800 + 1,200 + 1,600 + 2,000 + 2,400 + 2,800 + 3,200 + 3,600 + 4,000 + 4,400 + 4,800 = $31,200

(d) 1 2 4 8 ... 16,777,216 33,554,432 67,108,863 cents

=$671,088.63

(e) gives most money 4. 2285 2570 395 20,565 + 12,850 + 1,185 = 34,600 lb × 9 × 5 × 3 20,565 lb 12,850 lb 1,185 lb 6. 4755 × 2800 13,314,000 Btu





Exercises 1-4 Division of Whole Numbers A.

2.

11 r48 92

8 12 84

4. 7 r2

5 37352

6. 1

6 66

8.

47 28

28

10. 35

7 24521

3535

12. 57

4 22820 2828

14.

11033 3310

3 03

3 010 9

1

r1 16.

527 364

35 14

14

18.

504 201

20 01

00 1

r1 20.

2019 382

38 02

02

r2 22.

2528 700

56 140

140

24.

5317 901

85 5151

26. 63

27 1724162 104 8123

r23

B.

2. 9

33 303297 6

r6 4.

9521 2001

189 111105

6

r6 6.

1427 1000

7 30 28

2014

6

r6 8.

3275 2400

225 150150

10. 84

71 6005568

325 284

41

r41

12.

30013 9003

9 0003 3

14.

80016 48009

48 0009 6

3

r3 16.

207203 62160

6 021 21 06 6

18.

5067 3354

335 04 0

4

r4

20.

200947 94425

94 0425 423

2

r2 22.

61231 14091

1386231231

24. 81

603 488434824

603603

26. 19

102 2004102

984 918

66

r66





C. 2. (a) 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 (b) 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 4. (a) 1, 3, 9, 27 (b) 27 = 3 × 3 × 3 6. (a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48 (b) 48 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 D.

2.

632 192

192

braces 4.

127 84

7 1414

in.

W = 12 in. H = 8 in.

87 56

56

in.

6.

2424 576

48 96

96

24 2 4848 2 50 rafters

8. 385 426 278 434 323 + 392 2,238

3736 2238

18 43 42

1818

hp

10.

954 486

486

2 11 hr 12.

13375 4875

375 11251125

cu ft

14. 36

500 180001500

30003000

days

16.

2752 1404

104 364364

patients 12.

1748 816

48 336336

bushels

E. 2. 14,000 100 $41 $5740 4. 9,108,734 74 123,091 lb 6. (a) 11,877,372 738 16,094 (b) 87,445,005 435 201,023 (c) 1,735,080 760 2283 (d) 206,703 579 357





Exercises 1-5 Order of Operations A. 2. 20 − 3 × 2 = 20 − 6 = 14 4. 16 + 32 ÷ 4 = 16 + 8 = 24 6. 2 × 9 − 4 = 18 − 4 = 14 8. 64 ÷ 16 + 8 = 4 + 8 = 12 10. (18 − 12) ÷ 6 = 6 ÷ 6 = 1 12. 9 × (8 + 3) = 9 × 11 = 99 14. 8 + 3 × (9 − 4) = 8 + 3(5) = 8 + 15 = 23 16. (17 − 9) ÷ (6 − 2) = 8 ÷ 4 = 2 18. 24 − 8 ÷ 2 + 6 = 24 − 4 + 6 = 26 20. 24 ÷ 8 − 14 − 7 + 8 × 6 = 3 − 2 + 48 = 49 22. 54 ÷ (8 − 3 × 2) = 54 ÷ (8 − 6) = 54 − 2 = 27 24. (26 ÷ 2 − 5) × 4 = (13 − 5) × 4 = 8 × 4 = 32 26. 24 ÷ 6 × 2 = 4 × 2 = 8 28. 22 + 11 − 7 = 33 − 7 = 26 30. 48 ÷ 6 ÷ 2 = 8 ÷ 2 = 4 32. 18 ÷ (3 × 2) = 18 ÷ 6 = 3

34. 36 27 9

9 6 3

= 3 36. 44 12

11 3 = 4 + 4 = 8

38. 36 (7 4) 36 3 33

5 3 2 5 6 11

= 3

40. 8 × 5 − 2 4 12

18 4 2

+ 72 ÷ 9 = 40 − 50

10 + 8 = 40 − 5 + 8 = 43

B. 2. $468 + 8 × $90 = $468 + $720 = $1,188 4. 520 − (48 × 5) + 300 = 520 − 240 + 300 = 580 6. 4 3 3 3 2 3 12 9 6 27 pounds 8. 200 6 200 10 80 $7 1200 2000 80 $7

3200 80 $7

40 $7 $280





10. (a) 20 $3 32 20 $4 20 $3 12 $4

$60 $48 $108

(b) 20 $3 30 $4 94 50 $5

20 $3 30 $4 44 $5

$60 $120 $220 $400

(c) 20 $3 30 $4 50 $5 121 100 $6

20 $3 30 $4 50 $5 21 $6

$60 $120 $250 $126 $556

C. 2. 425 ÷ 25 + 386 = 17 + 386 = 403 4. 1496 − 18 × 13 = 1496 − 234 = 1262 6. 2472 × (1169 − 763) = 2472 × 406 = 1,003,632 8. 12 × 38 + 46 × 19 − 1560 ÷ 24 = 456 + 874 − 65 = 1265 10. 273 + 25 × (362 + 147) = 273 + 25 × (509) = 273 + 12,725 = 12,998 12. 973 − (481 + 327) = 973 − 808 = 165 14. (27 × 18 − 66) ÷ 14 = 420 ÷ 14 = 30

16. 391 4984 1645

17 89 47 = 23 + 56 − 35 = 44





Problem Set 1 A. 2. Six thousand, seven hundred ten 4. One hundred thirty-seven thousand, five hundred eighty-nine 6. Nine hundred seventy thousand, one 8. One million, five hundred twenty-eight thousand, six hundred forty-three 10. 6327 12. 5,098,107 14. 852,000,000 16. 5500 18. 94,700 20. 710,000 B. 2. 38 + 45 83

4. 43 + 817 860

6. 2074 + 906 2980

8. 93 − 67 26

10. 315 − 119 196

12. 3401 − 786 2615

14. 489 × 7 3423

16. 45 × 82 90 360 3690

18. 314 × 926 1884 628 28 26 290764 or 290,764

20. 4018 × 392 8036 36162 12054 1575056 or 1,575,056

22.

2138 1704

16 108 2424

24.

6234 2108

204 6868

26.

43263 11309

1052 789789

28. 23 51 1173

6917 17

23 × 51 23 115 1173

6917 1173

102 153153

30. (18 + 5 × 9) ÷ 7 = (18 + 45) ÷ 7 = 63 ÷ 7 = 9 32. 32 ÷ 4 + 16 ÷ 2 × 4 = 8 + 8 × 4 = 8 + 32 = 40 34. 139 407 + 81 627

36. 194 271 + 368 833





C. 2. (a) 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28 (b) 28 = 2 × 2 × 7 4. (a) 1, 5, 7, 35 (b) 35 = 5 × 7 6. (a) 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 14, 21, 42 (b) 42 = 2 × 3 × 7 D. 2. 14 23 8 + 19 64 rods

4. 2 7 12 168 tablets 6.

2490 2160

180 360360

hours

8. 234 × $5 $1170

10. 45 × 30 1350 mV

12. $ 55724 47162 + 62473 $ 165359 or $165,359

14. (a) 170 118 206 19 513 boards

(b) 170 × 10 = 1700 118 × 12 = 1416 206 × 8 = 1648 19 × 16 = 304 5068 ft

16. 17 × 3 + 212 = 15 + 212 = 263° 18. 3 × $45 + 3 × 3 × $15 + $9 = $135 + $135 + $9 = $279

20.

64524 15500

144 110 96

14012020

1 646 boxes

22. 164 − 9 × 7 = 164 − 63 = 101 lb

24. 120 pF + 450 pF + 350 pF + 75 pF + 150 pF = 1145 pF 26. (a) 22 × 8 176 hours

176 × 24 704 352 $4224

(b) 176 × 28 1408 352 $4928

(c) $4928 − 500 $4428

(d) Company B





28. (a) 72 8 9 smaller containers (b) 72 18 4 larger containers (c) Cost of smaller containers = 9 $4 $36 Cost of larger containers = 4 $6 $24 You save $36 $24 = $12 by purchasing the larger-sized containers. 30. Labor Cost 6 $55 11 $40 33 $25

$330 $440 $825

$1595

32.

20580 16400

160 40 0 400400

0

months

1712 205

12 85

841

17 yr, 1 mo

34. $ 33 × 8 $264

$ 264 − 220 $ 44 Save $44 by purchasing the set.

36. Nissan Leaf $ 28100 2760 + 855 $ 31715 � 15700 $ 16015 or $16,015

Prius Hybrid $ 25280 2700 + 303 $ 28283 � 12460 $ 15823 or $15,823

Hyundai Elantra $ 18805 4090 + 1116 $ 24011 � 12035 $ 11976 or $11,976



Chapter 2 Fractions 235


CHAPTER 2 FRACTIONS

Preview 2

2. (a) 7 5 35

8 32 256 (b)

3 1

1 2 9 2 34 3

2 3 2 3 1

1 1

(c) 3

5 of

1 3 3 91

2 5 2 10 (d)

1

3 1 3 2 3 11

4 2 4 1 2 2

2

(e)

1

7 1 23 5 23 4 23 32 1 2

8 4 8 4 8 5 10 10

2

(f) 4 ÷ 1 4 2 8

2 1 1 1 = 8

4. 3 5 5 12 5 5 22 11 3

1 in.4 16 16 16 16 16 16 8 8

Exercises 2-1 Working with Fractions A.

2. 1 15

72 2 4.

1 171

16 16 6.

22

1

8. 3 259

464 64

10. 13 29

116 16

B.

2. 8 3

15 5 4.

40 8 12 2

16 16 2 6.

11 23

3 3

8. 4 1

13 3 10.

5 12

2 2





C.

2. 4 2

6 3 4.

18 9

4 2 6.

35 7

30 6 8.

10 5

4 2

10. 34 17

32 16 12.

10 2

35 7 14.

45 5

18 2

D.

2. 3 12

4 16 4.

3 24

8 64 6.

7 23 922

8 8 32

8. 1 34

116 32

10. 4 = 24

6 12.

5 17 342

6 6 12

E.

2. 3 12 13 13

, ;2 8 8 8 is larger 4.

3 12 13 13, ;

4 16 16 16 is larger

6. 1 4 11 3 1

2 2 ,1 2 ; 22 8 8 8 2 is larger

8. 3 45 25 100 25

, ;16 240 60 240 60

is larger

10. 1 2 7 3 7

3 3 , 2 3 ; 22 4 4 4 4 is larger

12. 1 6 42 8 40 1

1 , ;15 5 35 7 35 5 is larger

F.

2. 10 × 150 + 6 × 100 = 1,500 + 600 = 2,100 2100 3

2800 4 of the old load

4. 3 12 13 13

, ;16 64 64 64

in. fastener is thickest

6. 24 8 2

29 3 3 in. between rivets 8.

60 3 11

40 2 2 times faster

10. pitch = rise 18 6 3

run 72 6 12





12. (a) 15 5

48 16 (b)

12 3

40 10 (c) Girls:

5 25

16 80

Boys: 3 24

10 80

The fraction of overweight Girls is higher.

Exercises 2-2 Multiplication of Fractions A.

2. 2 2 4

5 3 15 4.

3 16

2

1

= 3 6.

1

11 4 11

12 15 45

3

8.

1

7 13 13

8 14 16

2

10.

2 7

4 49

7 2

1 1

= 14 12. 21 4

6 1 6 83 3

1

14.

1

5 7 5 22 22 11 1

7 15 7 15 21 21

3

16.

13 11

5 3 65 33 143 310 3 35

6 10 6 10 4 4

2 2

18.

1

9 1 79 5 79 77 1 9

10 4 10 4 8 8

2

20. 18 ×

2

5 18 32 64 11 21

27 1 27 3 3

3

22.

3 1

4 2 1 9 2 1 31

5 3 4 5 3 4 10

1 2

24.

1 1 4

1 3 8 5 3 8 4 12 1

2 5 9 2 5 9 3 3

1 1 3





B.

2. 1 3 3

4 8 32 4.

7 1 7

8 2 16

6. 3 1 3 5 15

14 4 4 4 16 8.

5 2 5 5 25 71 2

3 3 3 3 9 9

10.

1

3 1 3 7 71

5 6 5 6 10

2

12. 3 12 2

4 25 5 5

14.

1

5 1 5 8 51

16 7 16 7 14

2

16.

3 1

15 3 15 8 3 11 1

16 5 16 5 2 2

2 1

C.

2. 71 57 399 3

7 14 14 998 8 4 4

4

in. 4. 3 3 23 3 69 5

5 44 4 4 4 16 16 in.

6. 12 × 33 147 441 1

9 12 11016 16 4 4

4

in. 8. 31 49 147 3

6 6 6 368 8 4 4

4

in.

10. 23 59

14 8 84 4

1

= 118 in. 12. 48 × 63 35

4 488 8

1

= 210 in.

14. 1 1 1 25 65 17 27625 41

12 8 4 4312 8 4 2 8 4 64 64 cu in.

16. 771 13

4 231 2313 3

1

= 1001 cu in. 18. 36 × 181 7

3 362 2

1

= 126 in.

20. 3 105 13

1 12 20 12 208 8

2

1

= 390 lb 22. 83

324

1

= 24 MGD

24. 1 1 1

360 45 , 360 72 ,8 5 6 × 360 = 60° 26.

1 5 5 18 2

16 2 2

2

in.





28. 1201 7

3 240 2402 2

1

= 840 mg 30.

33 12 3

12 2 2 9 2 11 hours4 1 4

1

32. 1 2 4 8

8 16 32 64

The only choice smaller than this is 5

64 in.

Exercises 2-3 Division of Fractions A.

2. 6 ÷ 32 36

3 2

1

= 9 4. 8 ÷ 1 4

84 1 = 32

6.

1

1 1 1 2

2 2 2 1

1

= 1 8.

4

3 5 3 16 12 22

4 16 4 5 5 5

1

10. 6 ÷ 21 3 2

1 6 6 42 2 3

1

12. 1 7 7 1 7 3

3 2 2 12 2 2 2 4 4

14. 10 ÷ 51 6 5 25 1

1 10 10 85 5 6 3 3

3

16.

1

2 2 1 16

3 3 6 9

3

18.

2

3 7 3 8 6

4 8 4 7 7

1

20.

1

1 1 3 5 3 2 31 2

2 2 2 2 2 5 5

1

22.

1

7 2 7 3 7

12 3 12 2 8

4

24.

1

2 1 5 5 5 4 4 11 1 1

3 4 3 4 3 5 3 3

1





B.

2.

2

1 1 7 1 7 43

2 4 2 4 2 1

1

= 14 ft

4. 1 177 177 1 177 9 3

88 12 12 7 72 2 2 12 24 24 8 ft long per column

22 ÷ 3 59 8 176 58

7 22 22 28 8 59 59 59 , not enough for 3 columns

Each piece gives 2 supporting columns.

Six pieces give 12 supporting columns.

6.

1

1 1 81 1 81 4 110 40

8 4 8 4 8 1 2

2

ft

8. 15 21 8

21 2 21 218 8 21

1

= 8 lengths of pipe

10.

1

5 1 29 83

8 8 8 1

1

= 29 ft

2

1 1 17 1 17 84

4 8 4 8 4 1

1

= 34 ft

Dimensions are 29 ft × 34 ft.

12.

4

3 1 27 323

8 32 8 1

1

= 108 rev





14.

2

1 1 7 1 7 43

2 4 2 4 2 1

1

= 14 ft

1

5 1 37 1 37 4 14 18

8 4 8 4 8 1 2

2

Dimensions are 14 ft × 1

182

ft.

16.

87

5 261 1 87 732 3 = 10 in.

8 8 3 8 8

1

18.

1

5 1 5 8 5 1 or 1 turns

32 8 32 1 4 4

4

20. 57 in. 1 1

36 in. = 20 in.2 2

1 41 9 41 1 41 5

20 9 2 in.2 2 1 2 9 18 18 per year

Exercises 2-4 Addition and Subtraction of Fractions A.

2. 5 11 16 4 1

1 112 12 12 12 3

4. 2 3 5

6 6 6

6. 13 3 10 5

16 16 16 8 8.

5 2 3 1

12 12 12 4

10. 1 3 7 11 3

18 8 8 8 8 12.

9 5 4 13 1 2 2

16 16 16 4

14. 7 3 7 6 13

16 8 16 16 16 16.

5 3 20 9 29

12 16 48 48 48

18. 5 3 10 3 7

16 32 32 32 32 20.

7 1 14 1 13

16 32 32 32 32





22. 2 4 10 12 22 7

13 5 15 15 15 15 24.

4 1 16 9 7

9 4 36 36 36

26. 11 1 1 33 6 16 33 22 11

16 8 3 48 48 48 48 48 48

28. 7 3 7 12 19 3

2 2 2 316 4 16 16 16 16

30. 8 1 40 16 56 7

2 1 2 1 3 332 10 160 160 160 20

32. 7 1 15 2 17 1

1 28 4 8 8 8 8

34. 3 1 23 25 69 25 44 8 2

5 2 3 34 12 4 12 12 12 12 12 3

36. 1 2 16 12 80 36 44 14

5 2 23 5 3 5 15 15 15 15

B.

2. 3 3 48 19 29 13

1 11 16 16 16 16 16

4. 1 1 1 1 30 20 15 12 77 17

12 3 4 5 60 60 60 60 60 60

6. 1 3 1 13 23 65 52 46 65 163 3

6 5 8 202 4 8 2 4 8 8 8 8 8 8

8. 3 3 19 11 38 11 27 3

4 1 34 8 4 8 8 8 8 8

10. 2 1 20 5 80 15 65 5

6 1 53 4 3 4 12 12 12 12

12. 8 7 15 15 120 105 15

1 17 8 7 8 56 56 56





C.

2. 5 3 10 3 13

8 16 16 16 16 in. 4.

9 3 9 6 3

16 8 16 16 16 in.

1 3 3

2 16 32 in.

6. 5 1 1 10 1 4 15

8 16 4 16 16 16 16 in.

8. 14 ft − 3 1 1 1

2 ft + 4 ft + 3 ft + 1 ft4 8 2 4

= 14 ft − 6 1 4 2

2 ft 4 ft 3 ft 1 ft8 8 8 8

= 5 112 93 19

14 ft 11 ft = ft ft ft8 8 8 8

= 3

28

ft

10. 1 5 7 1 25 37 39 5 100 37 78 40

3 1 2 18 32 16 4 8 32 16 4 32 32 32 32

255 31

732 32

in.

12. 1 7 13 39 52 39 13 5

6 4 12 8 2 8 8 8 8 8 in.

14. 3 5 1 3 11 5 3 3 22 5 12 6 1

2 1 roll4 8 2 4 4 8 2 4 8 8 8 8 8

He does not have enough.

16. 1 3 120 18 7 95 3

30 4 1 232 4 4 4 4 4 4

in. for drawers

18. 1 3 3 2 3 15 20

32 4 4 4 4 4 4 = 5 in.

20. 1 3 1 5 1 1

8 8 8 16 16 8 =

2 6 2 5 1 2

16 16 16 16 16 16 =

11 in.

8

22. 17 in. − 3

74

in. = 68 31 1

in. in. 9 in.4 4 4

24. 2 in. 1

14

in. = 3

4 in. penetration into the second piece.





Problem Set 2 A.

2. 1 21

45 5 4.

3 352

16 16 6.

1 332

16 16 8.

7 553

16 16

10. 19

2

19

2 12.

9 11

8 8 14.

21 51

16 16 16.

7 12

3 3

18. 8 1

32 4 20.

18 3

24 4 22.

12 41 1

21 7 24.

10 23 3

25 5

26. 7 28

16 64 28.

3 11 441

8 8 32 30.

4 14 181

5 5 10 32.

3 13 262

5 5 10

34. 2 14 4 12 2

, ;3 21 7 21 3 is larger 36.

1 15 7 14 11 , ;1

4 12 6 12 4 is larger

38. 2 16 3 15 2

, ;10 80 16 80 10

is larger

40. 3 27 1 32 1

, ;32 288 9 288 9

is larger

B.

2.

1 1

3 2 1

4 3 2

2 1

4.

5

15 1 5

64 12 256

4

6. 1 1 49 1 49

316 5 16 5 80

8. 7 3 21 1

14 58 4 4

4

10.

2

1 1 1 4 21

2 3 2 3 3

1

12. 21 17

16 2 16 348 8

1

14.

5 3

1 2 25 12 15 13 2 7

8 5 8 5 2 2

2 1

16. 2 1 2 2 4

5 2 5 1 5

18. 3 8 4 32 2

8 104 1 3 3 3

20. 1 3 1 3

1 22 2 2 4





22.

1

1 1 5 3 5 2 51 1

4 2 4 2 4 3 6

2

24.

4

1 5 16 12 16 7 28 133 1 1

5 7 5 7 5 12 15 15

3

C.

2. 1 3 2 3 5 1

12 4 4 4 4 4 4.

3 1 3 5 3 10 13 51 1

8 4 8 4 8 8 8 8

6. 5 1 25 4 29

8 10 40 40 40 8.

7 1 7 4 3

8 2 8 8 8

10. 5 1 25 6 19

6 5 30 30 30

12. 1 3 3 3 48 3 45 13

1 12 32 2 32 32 32 32 32

14. 5 13 13 13 26 13 39 7

1 28 16 8 16 16 16 16 16

16. 3 − 7 3 15 24 15 9 1

1 18 1 8 8 8 8 8

18. 1 5 9 5 27 10 17 5

2 14 6 4 6 12 12 12 12

20. 1 1 1 3 5 6 30 25 24 79 19

1 1 1 32 4 5 2 4 5 20 20 20 20 20

22. 3 4 13 19 39 19 20 5 1

2 1 1 15 15 5 15 15 15 15 15 3

24. 5 1 29 3 29 9 20 2 1

4 1 3 36 2 6 2 6 6 6 6 3

D.

2. 5 3 1

10 1016 16 2

in. are needed for each piece

240 21 2 480

2401 2 21 21

= 22.857... or 22 pieces





4. 1 7 2 7

64 in. 62 in. 64 in. 62 in.4 8 8 8

= 514 503 11 3

in. in. = in. = 1 in.8 8 8 8

6. 5 3 10 3 13

14 14 1416 32 32 32 32

1 13 101 461 808 461 347 27

25 14 104 32 4 32 32 32 32 32

Yes, a bar 3

108

in. can be cut from the remainder.

8. 1 5 3 4 5 6 15

5 3 7 5 3 7 154 16 8 16 16 16 16 in.

10. 47 39

4 32 328 8

1

= 156 in. = 13 ft

12. A = 1 7 33 23 66 23 43 11

4 1 28 16 8 16 16 16 16 16 in.

B = 5 1 5 3 5 4 5 6

10 4 2 2 10 4 2 28 8 32 16 8 32 32 32

= 5 15 20 15 5

10 8 10 8 28 32 32 32 32 in.

C = 1 5 4 5 9

4 2 4 2 68 32 32 32 32 in.

D = 5 3 10 3 7

10 2 10 2 88 16 16 16 16 in.

14. 7 1 31 155 16 171 3

3 5 4 5 2 218 2 8 8 8 8 8

in.

16. 7 pieces: 13 1092 4368

12 72 2 8 in.

4 pieces: 139 1112

4 1394 8

in.

9 pieces: 155 1395

98 8

in.

Total: 4368 1112 1395 6875 3

8598 8 8 8 8

in. or 71 ft 3

78

in.





18. Total margin = 11 − 1 1

9 12 2

Top margin = 2 3 6

5 2 10 in. =

3

5 in.

Bottom margin = 3 3 9

5 2 10 in.

20. Longest = 3 1 195 2 197 5

24 248 4 8 8 8 8 in.

Shortest = 3 1 195 2 193 1

24 248 4 8 8 8 8 in.

22. Total allowance = 3 × 5 15

16 16 in.

Each seam = 1 15 15

2 16 32 in. allowance

24. 7 1 1 7 5 1

18 4 2 8 4 2

7 10 4 21 5or 2 in.

8 8 8 8 8

26. 1 1 1 13 13 5

3 1 in.2 4 2 4 8 8

28. 1 8 1

8 2 in.4 1 4

30. 3 3 5 6 10 16 1

in.32 32 16 32 32 32 2

32.

48

1 1 22 1447 12 12 7 144 1056

3 3 3 1

1

scarves



Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. 249

CHAPTER 3 DECIMAL NUMBERS

Preview 3 2. (a) 5.820 − 0.096 5.916

(b) 3.780 − 0.989 2.791

(c) 27.00 − 4.03 22.97

(d) 7.25 × 0.301 725 21750 2.18225

(e)

3256.250.032 104.2 32 104200.00

96 82

64 180

160 200 192

8 0 6 4 1 60

0

.

.

.1.6

(f)

2250.0004 0.09 4 900

8 10 8

2020

(g) 3.0447

6.7 20.4 67 204.0000201

3 00 2 68

320 268

520

.

.

46951

3.045

4. (a) ...

0.187516 3.0000

1 6 1 40 1 28

120 112

8080

(b) 2

13

+ 1.785

1.666... + 1.785 1.667 1.785 3.452





(c) 4.1 × 1

24

= 4.1 × 2.25

2.25 × 4.1 225 9 00 9.225

(d) 5

116

÷ 4.3 = 1.3125 ÷ 4.3

4.3 1.3125

0.3052 0.305

43 13.125012 9

225 215

10

4

.

0861

Exercises 3-1 Addition and Subtraction of Decimal Numbers A. 2. Eight and seven tenths 4. Five hundredths 6. Fourteen and ninety-one thousandths 8. Six and eighty-three ten thousandths 10. 3.4 12. 0.05 14. 3.021 16. 40.7 18. 0.0047 20. 10.0222 B. 2. 75.6 + 2.57 78.17

4. $ 52.37 + 98.74 $ 151.11

6. 0.096 + 5.82 5.916

8. 212.70 + 25.46 238.16

10. 390.00 + 72.04 462.04

12. 7.83 − 6.79 1.04

14. $ 20.00 − 13.48 $ 6.52

16. 40.00 − 3.82 36.18

18. $ 25.00 − 0.61 $ 24.39

20. 19.00 − 5.78 13.22

22. 183.00 3.91 45.00 + 13.20 245.11

24. 148.002 + 3.400 151.402

26. 35.360 + 4.347 39.707

28. 180.76 − 94.69 86.07

30. 92.3020 − 73.6647 18.6373

32. 212.40 76.00 + 3.79 292.19

34. 36.400 − 7.005 29.395

36. 0.03800 + 0.00462 0.04262

38. 0.932 + 0.080 1.012 − 0.400 0.612

40. 2.920 − 1.007 1.913 − 0.080 1.833



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