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Solving the Issue of Interoperability among Devices and Systems

ISA100 Wireless Solutions Summit

19 May 2008

2

Presenter

• David D. BrandtPrincipal EngineerRockwell AutomationAdvanced Technology – Milwaukeeddbrandt@ra.rockwell.com

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About the ISA100 Standard Activity

• Multiple protocol support on a single, integrated wireless network (ISA100.11a):– ISA100.11a native– HART®– FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus– PROFIBUS– Modbus®– CIP™– Others

• Multiple radio support in a family of standards (ISA100):– Process Automation (Process Focus)– Factory Automation (Discrete Focus)– Transmission and Distribution (Long Distance Focus) – RTLS/RFID (Industrial Tagging Focus)

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Challenge: How to provideInteroperability among Devices and Systems?

Asset Management Engineering Tools HistoriansControl Systems

Otherapplications

MixedAutomation

Systems

HART®, FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus, PROFIBUS, Modbus®, CIP™, ...

EmbeddedWirelessDevice

WirelessAdapter

WiredDevice

MixedWired andWirelessDevices

ISA100.11a,WirelessHARTTM,

ZigBee®,…

HART®,FOUNDATION™Fieldbus,

PROFIBUS,Modbus®,

CIP™,...

Gateway

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A specific challenge:ISA100.11a / WirelessHART™ Interoperability

• ISA100-WirelessHART Joint Analysis Team (JAT) addressed this issue

• The ISA100.11a draft standard has followed the recommendations for release 1:– Enable dual-mode gateways– Develop a “common high-side interface” in the gateway

– As a common model and interface for mixed systems and devices

– Base the interface on the WirelessHART™ optional XML interface– Specify as an implementation neutral Service Access Point

– Provide enhanced tunneling for application layer protocols

– Provide generic wireless network management that is separate from the application protocols

– Provide information to facilitate coordination of RF usage

• Convergence below the gateway will be considered for later releases

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Multimode Gateway withCommon High-side Interface

ISA100.11a WirelessHART™

ISA100.11a specific interfaces

WirelessHART™specific interfacesISA100.11a Stack

(PHY through APP)

WirelessHART™ Stack

(PHY through APP)

Protocol translator and stack to communicate with plant network of choice

Coe

xist

ence

Fea

ture

s an

d F

unct

ions

OtherStack…

Common High-side Interface“Other”specific interfaces

“Other”e.g., Bluetooth®,

ZigBee®, etc.

Asset Management Engineering Tools HistoriansControl Systems

Otherapplications

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Gateway ServiceAccess Point (GSAP)

• Session• Lease• Messaging

– Publish/subscribe

– Client/server

– Source/sink

– Bulk transfer

• Alert• Reports

– Device List

– Topology, Schedule

– Device Health, Neighbor Health, Network Health

• Time Synchronization• Gateway configuration

This is the Common High-side Interface used by protocol

translators.

This is the Common High-side Interface used by protocol

translators.

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EmbeddedWirelessDevice

WirelessAdapter

WiredDevice

GSAP: Session Service

Asset Management Engineering ToolsControl Systems

ProtocolTranslator

Gat

eway

Session

Protocol translators act on behalf of plant

applications to establish sessions with the gateway entity through the

GSAP session service.

Sessions allow resource allocation for

a specific network.

Resources are reclaimed when a

session ends.

GSAP

Gateway Entity

EmbeddedWirelessDevice

WirelessAdapter

WiredDevice

Translatingproxy

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Gateway Entity

GSAP

Protocol Translator

GSAP: Lease Service

Protocol translators act on behalf of plant applications to

establish leases within sessions to allocate specific

communication resources.

Leases allow dynamic resource allocation and release.

Resources are allocated within the gateway entity, the network,

or both.

Specific types of leases are available for: publish/subscribe, client/server, bulk transfer and

alerts

Control SystemsLease

WirelessAdapter

WiredDevice

Translatingproxy

EmbeddedWirelessDevice

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Buffer

Publish Subscribe Client Server

BulkTransferClient

Subscribe Publish Server Client BulkTransferServer

Buffer

Buffer

Buffer

Buffer

•Change of state delivery•Local caching•Synchronization

Buffer BufferBuffer

•Optional caching

•Large item transfer•Reliable, in-orderdelivery

Alert

Alert

GSAP: Messaging Services

Translatingproxy

Protocol translators act on behalf of plant applications to utilize lease-based messages

services to perform messaging that supports protocol

translation.

Protocol specific application content is carried in the

messages.

Message Services

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Protocol Translator

GSAP: Report Services

Common reports available, independent

of the underlying wireless technology.

GSAP

Gateway EntityReport Generation

CommonReports

Gat

eway

Translatingproxy

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GSAP: Device List Report Service

Protocol translators present each wireless device as if it

were a wired device within the plant network.

The device list report service allows the wireless devices to

be discovered and mapped into the plant network, ultimately

linking to the control strategy.

Each device has a globally unique identifier.

EDDL and other device description methods extensions

can enable linkage without additional tools.

GSAP

Gateway Entity

Protocol Translator

Proxy1

Proxy2

Proxy3

Proxy4

Control SystemPlantNetwork

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Protocol Translator

GSAP: Health Report Services

Health reports are available to alert

control systems to underlying problems in a generic manner.

Health reports are also available to asset management systems

for maintenance purposes.

Protocol translators are responsible for

conversion to specific formats.

GSAP

Gateway Entity

Report Generation

Gat

eway

DeviceHealth

NeighborHealth

NetworkHealth

Translating proxy

Asset ManagementControl Systems

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GSAP: Topology Report Service,Schedule Report Service

Topology and Schedule reports enable the ability to “drill down” when a Health

report indicates a communication problem.

When devices from different types of wireless networks

share the same physical space, channel and

transmission schedule can be evaluated for coexistence

improvement opportunities.Network 1Node 1

Network 1Node 2

Network 2Node 1

Network 1Node 2

Time,Channel

Time,Channel

Errors Errors

Protocol Translator

GSAP

Gateway Entity

Report Generation

Topology Schedule Health

Translating proxy

Engineering Tools

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Protocol Translator

GSAP: Time SynchronizationService

Services are available to synchronize underlying wireless networks to an

external source.

This is useful when the same source is used in a

control system.

This is also useful to synchronize wireless

device communication across wireless networks.

Protocol translators can adapt a variety of sources.

GSAP

Gateway EntityTime Synchronization

Gat

eway

Translatingproxy

Clock Source

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Example wireless deviceintegration scheme

MultipleSystems

Control Systems

A single wireless device (single catalog number) can operate

across multiple systems.

A specific protocol translator is required in

the gateway for each system.

ISA100.11a provides an efficient application

model that native devices can use for this

purpose.

Gat

eway

GSAP

Gateway Entity

Translatingproxy

Control Systems

Translatingproxy

Control Systems

Translatingproxy

HART®Application

FOUNDATION™Fieldbus

Application

PROFIBUSApplication

SingleGenericDevice

MultipleProtocol

Translators

EmbeddedWirelessDevice

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Example wired deviceintegration scheme

MultipleSystems

Control Systems

Wired devices can operate across multiple

systems.

A simple protocol translator is required in the gateway to tunnel

each protocol.

Adapters must also implement the tunnel

protocol.

ISA100.11a provides an efficient tunneling

model that can be used for this purpose.

Gat

eway

GSAP

Gateway Entity

Control Systems Control Systems

HART®Application

FOUNDATION™Fieldbus

Application

PROFIBUSApplication

SingleDevice

TunnelingProtocol

Translators

WirelessAdapter

WiredDevice

Translatingproxy

WirelessAdapter

WiredDevice

WirelessAdapter

WiredDevice

Translatingproxy

Translatingproxy

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Conserving battery life:Minimizing transactions with caching

PlantNetwork

Gateway

Control Systems

Caching reduces transactions

(increasing battery life).

Caching gives immediate

response to application if used

properly.

Both ISA100.11a native messaging

and tunneled messaging utilize cache techniques.

TunneledInformation

NativeInformation

BufferBuffer

Informationis routed throughgateway cache

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Conserving battery life:Reducing header sizes

Address Length DataIntegrityCheck

ApplicationContent

PlantNetworkWiredPacket

Address Length DataIntegrityCheck

WirelessPacket

Address Length DataIntegrityCheck

TunneledDeviceWiredPacket

PlantNetwork

Gateway

WirelessAdapter

WiredDevice

Control Systems

MAP

MAP

CARRY

CARRY

CREATE

CREATE

CREATE

CREATE

Enhanced tunneling reduces the size of packets (increasing battery life) via a “configuration agreement” to map and create fields rather than carrying them.

ISA100.11a native messaging provides numerous mechanisms to reduce header size.

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Benefits to Users

• Protects investment in legacy devices and protocols• Reduces the lifecycle cost associated with gateways

– Acquisition cost (less gateways)– Training and Maintenance cost (common gateway model)

• Provides a future migration path – For wired devices– For improved wireless technology– First step on path to more complete integration with

WirelessHART™, anticipated to be upgradeable to “Release 2” approach without impacting higher level applications

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Benefits to Vendors

• Reduces development cost and time – Design to a common gateway model

– Independent of plant network

– Independent of low-power wireless network

– Single paradigm fits both ISA100 and WirelessHART™ architectures

• Enables value-added integration enhancements– E.g., time synchronization across networks– E.g., coexistance coordination tools