some next steps for climate change at undp aap – dakar 12 november 2012 benoit lebot undp climate...
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Some Next Steps for Climate Change at
UNDP
AAP – Dakar 12 November 2012
Benoit Lebot UNDP Climate Change Advisor
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GHG Emissions
GHG Concentration
GHG Sinks (Sequestration)
2012 394 ppm
http://co2now.org/
450 ppm ~+2°C
32 Gtons CO2 /year
15 Gtons CO2 /year
2007 2050
Today World Average
South
4.2 tCO2eq/Cap
North16.1 tCO2eq/Cap
2050Target50%
Global Emissions
CO2/Cap/yearUNDP HDR Objective for 2050:
• In the north, - 80% in emissions
•In the south, - 20% in emissions
2020
Pathway towards a 2°C Global Warming
A pressing need for global GHG mitigation
18%
1%
8%
14%
59%
World Green House Gas Emissions
CH4
N2OF Gas
CO2
From Combustion
CO2
From LUCF
1
2
3
4
Trend in Green House Gases
Low Carbon Path
Change Behavior
Today
Tomorrow
Improve EfficiencyRenewable Energy
REDD & Sequestration
NAMA
NationallyAppropriateMitigationActions
Framework
NAMA
Incentives Governance
TransversePolicies
SectoralPolicies
Programme
Project
Financing
Public or private funds in the form of bonds, capital, tax credit…
Trading SystemDistribution of exchangeable
allowances
Credit
Credit issuance after emissions reductions
Centralized
International or multilateral
Monitoring committe
Decentralized
Bilateral
National
Ingredients of a low carbon pathway
www.sustainableenergyforall.org
© The Energy Resource Institute
Sustainable Energy for AllEnergy transforms our life, our economies, our planet.
www.sustainableenergyforall.org
SE4ALL initiative will mobilize global action to supports three interlinked objectives – goals to be reached by 2030:
• Ensuring universal access to modern energy services
• Doubling the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency
• Doubling the share of renewable energy
Managing climate finance:It’s a plumbing job
- Get money flowing to those who need it
CPEIR
ClimatePublicExpenditure &Institutional Review
Advantages of climate finance through national budget
• Budget is existing process which engages all of government led by Ministry of Finance
• Much climate expenditure already flows through national budget
• Budget can disperse large volumes of finance
• Allows funds to “top-up” sector spending to support “mainstreaming” of climate
Proportion of 'climate relevant' expenditure
Financed by domestic
revenuesFinanced by external
grants or loans
Bangladesh 77% 23%
Cambodia 13% 87%
Nepal 44% 56%
Samoa 41% 59%
A
