sony z1-fx1 handbook©

7/23/2019 Sony Z1-FX1 Handbook©

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Dcy gat o` mapj`e' Gat far mkcssraad+ s`djgcr+ ar `v`gt us` wjthaut cuthar pr`s`gt'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ? 0!3>!3=

_`vjs`e Dcy 3>+ ?>3=

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g = 0!3>!3=

Jgtraeumtjag

HEV js e`stjgè ta r`pkcm` EV av`r th` g`xt fjv` y`crs cs dumh af th`

vjeà warke trcgsjtjags frad ]tcgecre E`fjgjtjag ta Hjlh E`fjgjtjagvjeà' Gat agky wjkk jdcl` r`sakutjag o` ercdctjmckky jgmr`csè eurjgl

thjs r`vakutjag+ vjeà fardcts thct cr` EV$ocsè jgmkuejgl EV+ EVMCD+EVM^_A+ EVM^_A0>+ EVM^_A HE+ cge HEMCD+ wjkk o` r`pkcmè oy

D^@L$ocsè fardcts'

O`mcus` HEV mcdmare`rs cr` cvcjkcok` ct uge`r %6+>>>+ th`y cr` cgje`ck `gtry pajgt far thas` wha gaw shaat EV ta lcjg `gtry jg HEpraeumtjag'

Uh` ]agy HEV Hcgeoaab pravje`s th` jgfardctjag g`m`sscry far yauta summ`ssfukky trcgsjtjag frad ]E ta HE praeumtjag' @cmh mhcpt`roujkes ag th` pr`vjaus mhcpt`r sa yau mcg lcjg c warbjgluge`rstcgejgl af HEV t`mhgakaly cs w`kk cs prcmtjmck praeumtjag cgepast$praeumtjag sbjkks'

Uh` oaab js e`sjlgè ta d``t th` g`ès af prasud`rs cgepraf`ssjagcks wha cr` murr`gtky shaatjgl wjth ag` af th` EV fardcts' Jtjs gat cg ‛HEV far Euddj`s— oaab thct sjdpky `xpcges upag th` aft`gpaarky wrjtt`g mcdmare`r dcgucks' _cth`r+ jt js c madpr`h`gsjv`jgtraeumtjag ta HEV t`mhgakaly+ HE shaatjgl+ HE past$praeumtjag+ cgeejstrjoutjag ag HE vjeàtcp`+ EVEs+ cge =0dd fjkd'

Uh` fjrst faur mhcpt`rs jgtraeum` th` t`mhgakaly yau wjkk o` usjgl wh`gyau shaat cge èjt HEV'

Mhcpt`r 39 Jgtraeumtjag ta Ejljtck Vjeà cge Cueja

Mhcpt`r ?9 Ckk Coaut D^@L$?

Mhcpt`r =9 Ckk Coaut HEV

Mhcpt`r 59 Jdcl` Mcptur` U`mhgakaly

\jth cg uge`rstcgejgl af D^@L$? cge HE t`mhgakaly+ Mhcpt`rs 0+ 6+cge < jgtraeum` th` sbjkks g`m`sscry far warbjgl wjth th` g`w ]agyHEV mcdmare`rs'

Mhcpt`r 09 Jgtraeumtjag ta Zaur HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3

Mhcpt`r 69 ]`ttjgl$up Zaur HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3

Mhcpt`r <9 HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3 ]haatjgl Luje`




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 5 0!3>!3=

Mhcpt`r 8 jgtraeum`s yau ta th` wcys yau mcg magg`mt ]agymcdmare`rs cge e`mb ta yaur èjtjgl syst`d'

Mhcpt`r 89 HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3 Dcbjgl Magg`mtjags

O`mcus` HE D^@L$? vjeà js dumh dar` ejffjmukt ta èjt thcg EV$ocsè ]E vjeà+ yau dust dcb` fugecd`gtck mhajm`s jg mhaasjgl hawyau wjkk èjt yaur saurm` dct`rjck' Uh`r` cr` duktjpk` warbfkaw aptjags+cge `cmh hcs jts awg cevcgtcl`s cge ejscevcgtcl`s' Jt js mrjtjmck tauge`rstcge th`s` trce`$affs' HE `xpart aptjags cr` cksa pr`s`gtè jgMhcpt`r :'

Mhcpt`r :9 HEV \arbfkaws

Dcgy vjeàlrcph`rs wjkk shaat jgt`rkcm` vjeà jgt`geè ta o`trcgsf`rrè ta =0dd fjkd' Dast+ haw`v`r+ shaatjgl jgt`rkcm` vjeà wjkkgat trcgsf`r th`jr praeumtjag ta fjkd' Z`t+ th`y dcy wcgt ta mr`ct` c/fjkd kaab'/ Mhcpt`r 3> mav`rs oath tapjms'

Mhcpt`r 3>9 \arbjgl wjth HEV cge Fjkd

Uh` fjv` Cpp`gejm`s pravje` ceejtjagck jgfardctjag ag HEUV+ Cueja+cge ]uppk`d`gtcry jgfardctjag ag th` ]agy mcdmare`rs'

Cpp`gejx C9 HE Fardcts

Cpp`gejx O9 Cgckal Cueja Magg`mtjags

Cpp`gejx M9 ]jglk` Jdcl` ]`gsar U`mhgakaly

Cpp`gejx E9 Mjg`Frcd` ?0 cge Mjg`Frcd` =>

Cpp`gejx @9 Mjg`Frcd` ?5

Ucok` af Magt`gts

Mhcpt`r 39 Jgtraeumtjag ta Ejljtck Vjeà cge Cueja '''''''''''''''''''' 36 ]`gsar Ap`rctjag ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 36 Harjzagtck ]cdpkjgl ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 36

C!E Magv`rt`rs '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 36 E!C Magv`rt`rs '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3:

Ejljtck Jdcl`s frad Uhr``$mhjps '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3: Aotcjgjgl th` Kudjgcgm` ]jlgck ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?> Aotcjgjgl th` Oku` cge _è Ejff`r`gm` ]jlgcks '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?3 ZPV v`rs`s _LO ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?0 \je`smr``g cge Cgcdarphjm Vjeà '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?0

Uh` Ejljtck Vjeà Mae`m (EVM* '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?< EV Vjeà Madpr`ssjag ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?< ^MD ]t`rà Cueja ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?8 EV Ucp` Urcgspart '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?8 @rrar Marr`mtjag ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?:

]E EVM Mae`m$ocsè Fardcts ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' => EV+ EVMCD 59?9> ^CK ]cdpkjgl Fardct ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' => EVM^_A 59393 ]cdpkjgl Fardct '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' => EVM^_A0> 59?9? ]cdpkjgl Fardct '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =>

HE EVM Mae`m$ocsè Fardcts ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' => EVM^_A <?>p HE Fardct'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =3 EVM^_A 3>8>j HE Fardct ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =? HEMCD 3>8>j Fardct ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =?

Ejljtck Cueja ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =? Mhcpt`r ?9 Ckk Coaut D^@L$? '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =0

Jgtrc$frcd` Madpr`ssjag '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =0

Jgt`r$frcd` Madpr`ssjag '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =0 J+ ^+ cge O Frcd`s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =6

LA^―Lraup af ^jmtur`s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =8 Uh` D^@L$? @gmaejgl ^ram`ss''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =8

J$frcd`s ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =:

Ejsmr`t` Masjg` Urcgsfard @gmaejgl ''''''''''''''''''' @rrar# Oaabdcrb gat e`fjgè' Datjag V`mtars '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' @rrar# Oaabdcrb gat e`fjgè' ^rèjmtè Frcd`s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' @rrar# Oaabdcrb gat e`fjgè' Ejff`r`gm` Frcd`s ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' @rrar# Oaabdcrb gat e`fjgè' Cgmhar Frcd`s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' @rrar# Oaabdcrb gat e`fjgè' Madpr`ssjgl ^$ cge O$frcd`s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =: E`maejgl D^@L$? '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' @rrar# Oaabdcrb gat e`fjgè' Ap`g cge Mkasè LA^s ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 55 MO_ cge VO_ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 50

D^@L Suckjty E`sjlgctjags ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 56 D^@L$? ^rafjk` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 56 D^@L$? K`v`k ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 6?

D^@L$3 Cueja ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 65 Kcy`r ? E`smrjptjag ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 60

D^@L$? ]tr`cds ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 60 Vjeà @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 60 Cueja @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 66

]tr`cds jgta ^cmb`ts ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 66 ^ralrcd ]tr`cd―^] ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 66 Urcgspart ]tr`cd―U] '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 66 ^cmb`tjzè ]tr`cd―^@] ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 66

Mhcpt`r =9 Ckk Coaut HEV''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 6< HE Ectc _ct`s ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 6< HEV D^@L$? Vjeà ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 68

HE3 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 68 HE? ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <>

CU]M cge HEV '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <? HEV ^jx`k Uyp`s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <?

]qucr` v`rs`s Gag$squcr` jx`ks ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <? D^@L$3 Cueja ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <=

Mhcpt`r 59 Jdcl` Mcptur` U`mhgakaly''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <5 MME ]`gsar U`mhgakaly '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <5

^ralr`ssjv` ]mcggjgl MMEs ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <5 Jgt`rkcm` ]mcggjgl MMEs '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <5

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g < 0!3>!3=

Jgt`rkcm` ]mcggjgl jg E`pth '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <0 Jgt`rkcm` ]mcg Euck$kjg` ]`gsars '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <8 MDA] @xpkcjgè ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <:

MME cge MDA] ^crcd`t`rs ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 80 Makudg Maugt ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 80 Cgtj$ckjcsjgl Fjkt`rs '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 8< Dctmhjgl ]`gsars ta th` _`marejgl Fardct '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 88 Harjzagtck _`sakutjag '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 8: B`kk Fcmtar ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 8: Vjeà Fr`qu`gmy _`spags` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' :6 @el` @ghcgm`d`gt ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3>> ]`gsar ]jz` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3>3 Jdcl` E`lrcectjag ct Dcxjdud Cp`rtur` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3>= Kct`rck Mhradctjm Co`rrctjag '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3>=

Kctjtue` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3>5 Lcddc '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3><

Mhcpt`r 09 Jgtraeumtjag ta th` HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3 '''''''''''''''' 330 Y3 cge FX3 Aptjmck ]yst`d ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 330 ]agy ]up`r HCE MME'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 33<

Djmra$k`gs MME ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 338 ^jx`k$affs`t U`mhgakaly ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 338

]agy Y3 cge FX3 MMEs ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?> ]agy EX^ Fugmtjags '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?3

]E cge HE Makarspcm` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?3 MjgÙag` Lcddc ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?= HV_$Y3 Okcmb ]tr`tmh ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?= ]hat Urcgsjtjag ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?<

]hat Urcgsjtjag Ujd` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?: ]hat Murv` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?: ]hat Urcgsjtjag ]tcrt Ujd`r ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?:

Cueja Mcpcojkjtj`s ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?: HE_$FX3 Cueja ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?: HV_$Y3 Cueja '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3?: EV cge HEV Cueja '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=>

Mhcpt`r 69 ]`ttjgl$up th` HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3 ''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=3 Mcd`rc ]`t D`gu '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=3

\O ^r`s`t ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=3 \hjt` Ockcgm` Auteaar K`v`k$shjft '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=? Vjeà Lcjg ]`ttjgls '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=? Makar Marr`mtjag '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=? ]t`cey]hat ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3== ]t`cey]hat Uyp` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3== ]`k`mtcok` ^`cbjgl K`v`k cge Makar ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3== CF Cssjst ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3== C@ _`spags` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3== Dcrb`r Ag!Aff ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3== Dcrb`r ]`k`mt '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=5 Fkjmb`r Fjkt`r ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=5 Hcgek` Yaad ]p`è ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=5 Yòrc '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=5 Makar Ocrs '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=5 EV!EVMCD \je` _`mare (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=0 EV!EVMCD ]`tup K`v`k (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=0 EV!EVMCD Frcd` _`mare (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=6 EV!EVMCD ^jmtur` Suckjty (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=6

Cueja ]`t D`gu '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=< Duktj$]auge―FX3 agky ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=< EV!EVMCD Cueja Djx―Y3!HE3> agky (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* '''''''''''''''''' 3=8 EV!EVMCD Cueja Dae` (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=8 \jge Gajs` _èumtjag―FX3 agky '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=8 Djm!Kjg` Jgput―FX3 agky '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=8 Cueja Kjdjt`r ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=8 Djm Gajs` _èumtjag―Y3 agky '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=8 Djm ]`k`mt '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=: Jgt`rgck Djm ]`gsjtjvjty '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=: Jgt`rgck \jge Gajs` _èumtjag―Y3 agky ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=: Djmraphag` ]`ttjgl―Y3 agky '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=:

C@ Magtraks '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 353 C@ ]hjft '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 353 CLM Kjdjt '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 353 Jrjs Kjdjt ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 353

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g : 0!3>!3=

C\O Magtraks ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 353 \O ]hjft '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 353 C\O!CU\ ]`gsjtjvjty ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35?

_`mare Aptjags '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35? _`mare Fardct

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35?

_`mare Dae`―FX3 agky (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35? _`mare Dae`―Y3!HE3> agky (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35? Cueja Kamb (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35? C!V ”7 EV APU ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35=

Vj`wjgl Aptjags ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35= @xpcge`e Famus Aff$dae` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35= ]jduktcg`aus Ap`rctjag af KME pcg`k cge Vj`wfjge`r―Y3 agky '''''''''''''''''''''' 35= Ckk ]mcg Dae`―Y3 agky '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35= Yaad Ejspkcy ]`k`mtcok`―Y3 agky ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35=

HV_$Y3 ]p`mjck Aptjags '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 355 ]`k`mt _`ljag 0> ar _`ljag 6> '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 355 Sujmb _`mare ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 355 Hyp`r Lcjg '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 355 Ujd`mae`!Ps`rojt Ap`rctjag '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 355 Ect` cge Ujd` ]tcdp―Y3 agky '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 350 @xt`rgck _`mare Magtrak―Y3 agky ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 350

Mhcpt`r <9 HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3 ]haatjgl Luje` '''''''''''''''''''' 356 Mcdmare`r @rlagadjms '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 356 ]haatjgl Cutadctjmckky ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 358

Fjrst @glcl` CPUA Dae` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 358 Gaw @glcl` HAKE Dae` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 358

]haatjgl ]jdpk` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35: C@ _`spags` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35: CLM Kjdjt '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35: _`davjgl Fkjmb`r ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35: ]haatjgl jg Crtjfjmjck Jkkudjgctjag '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35: ]haatjgl jg Gcturck Kjlht ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 35: Aotcjg Famus ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 30> Ocmbkjlht Magtrak '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 303 ]patkjlht Magtrak '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 303

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3> 0!3>!3=

Lcjgjgl Dar` Magtrak ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 30? ]`t Vjeà Lcjg '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 30? ]`t th` ]hutt`r$sp`è ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 30? ]`t \hjt` Ockcgm` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 30= ]t`ps ta Dcguckky \hjt` Ockcgm` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 305 Aotcjg cg Cmmurct` @xpasur` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 300 Dcguck Famus '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 308

^`rf`mtjgl Magtrak ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 30: Psjgl ^jmtur` ^rafjk`s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 30: Djgjdjz` E`pth$af$Fj`ke '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 36?

Dcst`rjgl Cueja ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 36= Djmraphag`s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 36= \arbjgl wjth th` Y3 Cueja Aptjags ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 365 ]`ttjgl Dcguck cueja K`v`ks ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 360

Mhcpt`r 89 HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3 Magg`mtjags'''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<> Vj`wjgl HE '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<> HV_$HE3> HEV E`mb '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<> ]`k`mt _`ljag 0> ar _`ljag 6> '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<3 VM_ HEV!EV '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<3 Madpag`gt Autput ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<?

Madpag`gt D`gu '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<? _`ljag 6> Dae` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<? _`ljag 0> Dae` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<= Cueja Autput―Y3!HE3> agky '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<= ^ralr`ssjv` Autput ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<= Eawgmagv`rt D`gu―Madpag`gt Autput ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<5 Ejljtjzjgl Cgckal Madpag`gt Vjeà '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<0 Ejljtjzjgl Cgckal Cueja ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<6

j'KJGB Autput ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<6 j'KJGB MAGV9 HEV ”7 EV '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<8 Cueja Kamb Dae` (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<8 Eawgmagv`rt Aptjags―j'KJGB Autput ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<8

j'KJGB Jgput ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<: Madpasjt` cge ]$vjeà Autput '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<:

\je`smr``g EV!EVMCD ^kcyocmb (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV* '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3<:

^kcyjgl HEV '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 38> Madpasjt` cge ]$vjeà Jgput ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 383

Mhcpt`r :9 HE @ejtjgl \arbfkaws'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 38? Mcpturjgl Magm`pts '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 38=

Jddèjct` Mcptur` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 38= ]m`g` E`t`mt Mcptur` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 38= Jddèjct` Dcrbè Mcptur` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 38= Octmh Mcptur` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 38= Octmh _`mcptur` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 38=

\jgeaws X^ Mcptur` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 385 A] X Mcptur` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 385 Jdpartjgl HEV jgta cg GK@ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 380 Madputjgl aw`r G`m`sscry far @ejtjgl HEV ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 380

E`sbtap ^ram`ssars '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 386 Kcptap ^ram`ssars '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 38< ^MJ+ ^MJ$X+ ar ^MJ @xpr`ss ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3:> Lrcphjms Oacre ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3:>

]tarcl` _`qujr`d`gts far @ejtjgl HEV '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3:3 \arbfkaw Magm`pts '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3:?

Ercft @ejtjgl ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3:? ^raxy @ejtjgl ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3:= Ejljtck Jgt`rdèjct` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3:0 HEV ta HE$]EJ usjgl cg CIC Magv`rt`r ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?3> Okcmbdcljm E`mbKjgb HE '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?33 CIC Bagc ? cge Bagc KH ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?3= Gctjv` HEV @ejtjgl '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?30

Jgmarparctjgl K`lcmy Vjeà '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??? Makar$uge`r cge Madpasjt` Vjeà '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??? UOM cge EAM ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??? K`lcmy ]aurm` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??= Z!M ]`pcrctar '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??= EG_ cge MG_ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??5 H`ce$swjtmhjgl Gajs` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??0

@xpartjgl HE '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??0 @xpartjgl D^@L$? Urcgspart ]tr`cd ar ^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd ''''''''' ??0

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3? 0!3>!3=

_`marejgl cg D^@L$? Urcgspart ]tr`cd ar ^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd ''' ??6 \jgeaws Dèjc : (VM$3* '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??6 D^@L$? '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??: D^@L$5 H'?65 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ??:

Mhcpt`r 3>9 \arbjgl wjth HE cge Fjkd ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?== Mr`ctjgl c Fjkd Kaab '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?==

Mr`ctjgl c ‛fjkd kaab— far c Vjeà _`k`cs` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?== Ckt`rjgl th` Kaab af Vjeà far c Fjkd _`k`cs` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?=5

\arbjgl wjth ?5fps Vjeà ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?=5 58>j6> U`k`mjg` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?=5 58>j6> ?5^ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?=0 3>8>j6>!?5^sF '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?=0

^r`$]haat Magsje`rctjags '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?=6 ]haatjgl Magsje`rctjags '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?=< E`jgt`rkcm` ^ram`ss ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?=8

E`jgt`rkcmjgl D`thaes '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?=8 EVFjkd D`thae ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?5? ^r`pcr` far \jgeaws X^ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?5? ^r`pcr` far Dcm A] X ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?5?

\h`g ta Magv`rt ta ^ralr`ssjv` Vjeà '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?5? K`t th` Kco Ea th` Magv`rsjag―Cft`r @ejtjgl '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?5=

âst$praeumtjag '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?5= Frcd`$rct` Magv`rsjags ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?5=

Haw ta ^ram`è ta Fjkd '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?50 Cpp`gejx C9 HE Fardcts'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?56

]agy HEMCD ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?56 ]agy HE Mjg`Cktc ?5^ Dae` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?5< ]agy HEMCD$]_ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?5< ]agy XEMCD cge XEMCD HE '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?5< ^cgcsagjm E$0 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?58 ^cgcsagjm EVM^_A HE '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?58

^cgcsagjm HE Vcrjmcd ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?58 ^cgcsagjm ^? '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?58

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3= 0!3>!3=

Cpp`gejx O9 Cgckal Cueja Magg`mtjags'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?0> Pgockcgmè Magg`mtjags ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?0> Ockcgmè Magg`mtjags ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?03 ]jlgck K`v`ks '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?03

Cpp`gejx M9 ]jglk` Jdcl` ]`gsar U`mhgakaly ''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?0? ]agy Ocy`r MDA] '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?0?

L`g`rctjgl Kudc ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?0= @ff`mtjv` Kudc ]pctjck _`sakutjag ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?05 @ff`mtjv` Mhradc ]pctjck _`sakutjag ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?06 MDA] cge @J^ \arbjgl Ual`th`r '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?0<

Cpp`gejx E9 Mjg`Frcd` ?0 cge =>'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?63 E`jgt`rkcmjgl '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?63

oao '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?6? \`cv` ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?6? ?E FJ_ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?6? Datjag Cecptjv` E`jgt`rkcmjgl ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?6= Mjg`Frcd` ?0 cge => Dae`s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?6=

]haatjgl Mcutjags '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?65

Cpp`gejx @9 Mjg`Frcd` ?5 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?66 Frcd` Jgt`rpakctjag ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?68 Ceejgl ûkkeawg '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?68 @ejtjgl Mjg`Frcd` ?5 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?6:

Cuthar '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?<3





Magejtjags af Ps`

CKK DCU@_JCK MADÂ]JGL UHJ] UPUA_JCK DCZ GAU O@ MA^J@E A_

_@^_AEPM@E+ @JUH@_ JG \HAK@ A_ JG ^C_U+ OZ CGZ DCMHJG@ A_

HPDCG _@CECOK@ U@MHGJSP@―@XM@Û C] G@M@]]C_Z UA EA\GKACEUH@ FJK@ CGE!A_ UA ^_JGU UH@ EAMPD@GU'

CKK A^JGJAG] @X^_@]]@E C_@ UH@ CPUHA_,] A\G' GA DCKJMJAP]

JGU@GU @XJ]U] JG UHJ] EAMPD@GU A_ J] JGU@GE@E OZ UH@ CPUHA_'

UH@ CPUHA_ C]]PD@] GA _@]ÂG]JOJKJUZ FA_ @JUH@_ MAGU@GU A_

UZÂL_C^HJMCK @__A_]'

GA ]UCU@D@GU AF FJUG@]] FA_ CGZ ^C_UJMPKC_ ^P_Â]@ J] JGU@GE@E+

JGMKPE@E+ A_ @XJ]UJGL \JUH _@]^@MU UA UH@ MAGU@GU] AF UH@

HCGEOAAB' JU J] ]P^^KJ@E ‛C]$J]'— UH@ _@CE@_ C]]PD@] CKK

_@]ÂG]JOJKJUZ FA_ HJ] A_ H@_ CMUJAG] \JUH _@LC_E UA CKKMAGU@GU MAGUCJG@E JG UHJ] HCGEOAAB'

CGZ ^_AEPMU A_ MAD^CGZ GCD@] P]@E JG UHJ] DCU@_JCK DCZ

O@!C_@ U_CE@DC_B] A_ MA^Z_JLHU@E GCD@] AF UH@ _@]^@MUJV@

MAD^CGZ UHCU A\G] UH@D'

MA^Z_JLHU ?>>8 OZ ]U@V@ DPKK@G





Cmbgawkèld`gts

Mrèjt dust la ta th` s`v`rck Icpcg`s` vjeà dclczjg`s thct Jejsmav`rè whjk` warbjgl jg Icpcg' Pgkjb` ta Cd`rjmcg cge @urap`cg

dclczjg`s+ Icpcg`s` dclczjg`s hcv` th` maurcl` ta pravje` r`ce`rswjth jg$e`pth t`mhgjmck jgfardctjag ag th` praeumts th`y `xhcustjv`kyr`vj`w' \h`g J r`turgè ta Cd`rjmc+ dy lack wcs ta pravje` th` scd`k`v`k af mav`rcl` af vjeà t`mhgakaly' Uhjs oaab fukfjkks thjs lack'

Dy e``p`st cppr`mjctjag la`s ta dy wjf` ]ulcgyc wha hcsmagtjguausky suppartè oath dy lack ta wrjt` thjs oaab cge ta+ faro`tt`r ar wars`+ r`tcjg ‛fjgck mut'—

Dy thcgbs cksa la ta dy mcts Bcrgc+ _asjtc+ Bjbbj+ cge ]hceaw whaw`r` ckwcys ‛ag tap af th` prai`mt'—

Cksa+ ‛thcgb yau— ta ]agy far dcgy af jdcl`s wjthjg thjs eamud`gt'





Mhcpt`r 39 Jgtraeumtjag ta EjljtckVjeà cge Cueja

Mhcpt`r 3 jgtraeum`s th` magm`pts af ejljtck cueja cge vjeà'

]`gsar Ap`rctjag

@v`ry fj`ke$tjd`―typjmckky 3!0>th ar 3!6>th s`mage―ckk raws cr` r`cefrad c MME' Uh`s` raws cr` usè ta mr`ct` ag` fj`ke af c frcd` af jgt`rkcm` vjeà' Ua mcptur` c frcd`‚s fj`ke$dct`+ agm` clcjg+ c MMEmcptur`s cg jdcl` cge agm` clcjg ckk raws cr` r`ce$aut' Gaw+ cs`mage fj`ke af jgt`rkcm` vjeà js l`g`rctè'

Harjzagtck ]cdpkjgl

C!E Magv`rt`rs

Cg C!E magv`rt`r scdpk`s+ av`r tjd`+ th` vaktcl` af c sjlgck cgemagv`rts jt ta c s`rj`s af ejljtck vcku`s' Uh` gudo`r af scdpk`saotcjgè wjthjg `cmh s`mage+ js th` scdpkjgl rct`' ]cdpkjgl ammurs ctr`lukcr jgt`rvck' (Uh` e`vjctjag thct cgy scdpk` js `crkj`r ar kctt`r thcg

th` p`rf`mt scdpk` tjd` js mckkè ‛ijtt`r'—* Oath cueja cge vjeà cgckalsjlgcks mcg o` scdpkè' Ejljtck cueja js typjmckky scdpkè ct 58+>>>scdpk`s$p`r$s`mage+ ar 58bHz'

Uh`r` js cg jdpartcgt magm`pt jgvakvè wjth ckk cgckal$ta$ejljtckscdpkjgl' Cmmarejgl ta scdpkjgl thàry+ (th` Gyqujst Uhàr`d* th`r`dust o` twa scdpk`s far th` dcxjdud gudo`r af mymk`s p`r s`mage af th` sjlgck o`jgl ejljtjzè' Uhus+ wjth c scdpkjgl rct` af 58bHY+ th`dcxjdud fr`qu`gmy thct mcg o` ejljtjzè js ?5bHz' Uhct d`cgs c kaw$pcss fjkt`r dust o` usè ta pr`v`gt cgy hjlh`r fr`qu`gmy frad o`jglejljtjzè' Jf hjlh`r fr`qu`gmj`s cr` ejljtjzè+ th`y wjkk o` r`mareè cs

kaw fr`qu`gmy gajs` mckkè ‛ckjcsjgl'—

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3< 0!3>!3=

]jgm` ga kaw$pcss fjkt`r mcg sjdpky mut$aff c sjlgck `xcmtky ct?=':::bHz―th` fjkt`r dust o` s`t ct c kaw`r pajgt' Uypjmckky+ jt waukeo` s`t ta coaut ?>bHz whjmh wauke ckkaw ce`quct` cueja fje`kjty up ta?>bHz―whjk` rakkjgl$aff th` sjlgck ta c v`ry kaw k`v`k oy ?5bHz'

\h`g ejljtjzjgl vjeà `xcmtky th` scd` magm`pts cr` jgvakvè' Fjg`

e`tcjks r`qujr` c hjlh`r scdpkjgl fr`qu`gmy thcg dar` lrass e`tcjks']jgm` th` kudjgcgm`$scdpkjgl rct` js e`fjgè oy th` fardct―GU]M cge^CK EV cr` scdpkè ct 3='0DHz―c fjkt`r dust o` usè ta b``p e`tcjksthct cr` taa fjg` frad o`jgl ejljtjzè' Uh`r` cr` twa typ`s af cgtj$ckjcsjgl fjkt`rs usè jg vjeà mcd`rcs' Ag` js cft`r th` k`gs cge o`far`th` MME(s*' Uhjs+ af maurs`+ js cg aptjmck kaw$pcss fjkt`r'

Uh` ath`r js cft`r th` MME(s* cge o`far` th` C!E(s*' Uhjs js cg`k`mtragjm kaw$pcss fjkt`r' Oath cmt tal`th`r ta b``p sup`r fjg` e`tcjksfrad o`jgl ejljtjzè' Jf c e`sjlg`r s`ts th` kaw$pcss fjkt`r taa hjlh+ c

r`sakutjag mhcrt wjkk shaw th` mcd`rc hcvjgl c hjlh harjzagtckr`sakutjag' Haw`v`r+ yau wjkk s`` ‛stcjr$st`ppjgl— ag ejclagck kjg`sthct cr` ckjcsjgl crtjfcmts'

Cs `cmh kjg` js smcggè+ th` C!E magv`rt`r scdpk`s th` cgckal vaktcl`cge magv`rts jt ta ejljtck vcku`s' ]a haw dcgy scdpk`s cr` tcb`g frad`cmh kjg` af GU]M vjeà cge ^CK vjeà1 \` l`t th`s` gudo`rs oybgawjgl th` scdpkjgl rct`―`xpr`ssè jg scdpk`s$p`r$s`mage'

@gljg``rs e`mjeè ta us` th` scd` scdpkjgl rct` far oath GU]M cge^CK' Uhct rct` js 3='0 djkkjag scdpk`s$p`r$s`mage' Ckt`rgctjv`ky+

`xpr`ssè cs c fr`qu`gmy+ 3='0DHz' Ct thjs rct`+ GU]M hcs 808 whjk`^CK hcs 865 scdpk`s$p`r$kjg`'

Gat ckk af th`s` scdpk`s r`pr`s`gt th` jdcl`' Far oath GU]M cge ^CKstcgecres+ <?> scdpk`s cr` r`s`rvè far jdcl` ectc' (]`` GU]M]cdpkjgl Mhcrt o`kaw'* Haw`v`r+ th` typjmck gudo`r af saurm` jdcl``k`d`gts vcrj`s frad <>5 ta <3?'

Dcgy `gljg``rs pr`f`r ta ap`rct` th` C!E magv`rt`r ct c ?<DHz

scdpkjgl fr`qu`gmy `v`g thaulh thjs r`qujr`s pcrts thct cr` dar``xp`gsjv`' Uhjs pram`ss js mckkè ‛av`r$scdpkjgl'— Uh` uktjdct` r`sukt+haw`v`r+ js gat twa tjd`s dar` scdpk`s' _cth`r+ av`r$scdpkjgl yj`keslr`ct`r sjlgck quckjty'

]jlgck ]cdpk` ]jz`

K`t us cssud` thct w` cr` ejljtjzjgl c dagamhrad` jdcl` mcpturè oycg cgckal s`gsar' Uh` orjlht`st shce` thct g`ès ta o` ejljtjzè jswhjt` cge th` ecrb`st shce` js okcmb' Uh` rcgl` o`tw``g okcmb cgewhjt` js c lrcysmck`' Uh` dar` k`v`ks (j'`'+ r`sakutjag* jg th` lrcysmck`+th` o`tt`r jdcl` quckjty wjkk o`' Uh`r` cr` twa typjmck r`sakutjags9

?06$k`v`ks (vcku`s af > ta ?00 * cge 3+>?5$k`v`ks (vcku`s af > ta 3>?=*'Uh` gudo`r af C!E ojts r`qujrè far th` fard`r js 8$ojts cge th` kctt`r+3>$ojts' Okcmb hcs ejljtck vcku`s af 36 (8$ojt* cge 65 (3>$ojt*'

J_@ js cg ake gcd` far J@@@ ugjts+ out js stjkk usè oy dcgy' K`lckvjeà sjlgcks rcgl` o`tw``g > J_@ cge 3>> J_@' \jth cg 8$ojt syst`d+whjt` (3>> J_@* js r`pr`s`gtè oy c vcku` af ?>> whjk` jg c 3>?5$ojtsyst`d jt js r`pr`s`gtè oy 8>>' Haw`v`r+ oath ^CK!GU]M cge HEfardcts ckkaw orjlhtg`ss ta `xm`è th` gadjgck jgt`gsjty af whjt`' Uh`fakkawjgl rcgl`s cr` cvcjkcok` far ‛sup`r$whjt`— (33> J_@* jgt`gsjtj`s9

?>3 ta ?=0 (8$ojt* cge 8>3 ta :5> (3>$ojt*'(Vcku`s mcg dad`gtcrjky `xm`è ?=0 cge :5>+ out cr` g`v`r ckkawèta o`mad` ?00 cge 3>?='*

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3: 0!3>!3=

E!C Magv`rt`rs

E!C (ejljtck$ta$cgckal* magv`rt`rs mhcgl` ejljtck jgfardctjag ta cgckaljgfardctjag' Uh` cgckal autput magg`mtjags ag yaur mcdmare`r cgeejljtck VU_ us` E!C magv`rt`rs' \hct ea yau g`è ta bgaw coaut E!Cmagv`rt`rs1

Haw dcgy tjd`s$p`r$s`mage th` ejljtck sjlgck js scdpkè ta cg cgckalvcku`1 Uhjs js mckkè th` magv`rsjag rct`' Uh` hjlh`r th` magv`rsjagrct` th` dar` fjg` vjeà e`tcjks ar th` upp`r cueja hcrdagjms cr`pr`s`rvè jg th` magv`rsjag'

\hct js th` scdpk` sjz`1 Uh` dar` ojts+ th` lr`ct`r th` fje`kjty af th`magv`rsjag'

\hct js th` cmmurcmy af th` magv`rsjag pram`ss1 Cs yau wauke `xp`mt+th` hjlh`r th` cmmurcmy+ th` hjlh`r th` pcrt mast'

Ejljtck Jdcl`s frad Uhr``$mhjps

Cft`r C!E magv`rsjag+ th` jdcl` js r`pr`s`gtè oy cg crrcy af _è+Lr``g+ cge Oku` ejljtck vcku`s' Uypjmckky+ thjs js r`f`rrè ta cs 59595vjeà' (Dar` coaut thjs kct`r'* \arbjgl wjth 8$ojt vcku`s+ `cmhscdpkè pajgt ammupj`s ?5$ojts' \jth 3>$ojt vcku`s+ =>$ojts cr`r`qujrè'

Uh` _è sjlgck+ cft`r magv`rsjag+ js r`pr`s`gtè oy <?> vcku`s far `cmhaf th` 58>$kjg`s jg cg GU]M pjmtur`'

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Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?> 0!3>!3=

Kjb`wjs`+ th` Lr``g sjlgck+ cft`r magv`rsjag+ js r`pr`s`gtè oy <?>vcku`s far `cmh af th` 58>$kjg`s'

L L L L L L L L

L L L L L L L L

L L L L L L L L

L L L L L L L L

L L L L L L L L

L L L L L L L L

L L L L L L L L

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Uh` Oku` sjlgck+ cft`r magv`rsjag+ js r`pr`s`gtè oy <?> vcku`s far

`cmh af th` 58>$kjg`s'

O O O O O O O O

O O O O O O O O

O O O O O O O O

O O O O O O O O

O O O O O O O O

O O O O O O O O

O O O O O O O O

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Jt tcb`s ejljtck pram`ssjgl ta rèum` makar (mhradc* r`sakutjag whjk`b``pjgl kudjgcgm` (okcmb & whjt`* dcxjdud r`sakutjag' Uh` fjrst st`pjs ta aotcjg th` kudjgcgm` (sydoakjzè oy Z* sjlgck+ cge th`g aotcjgth` mhradjgcgm` (sydoakjzè oy M* sjlgcks'

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Uh` pctt`rg af ejljtck ectc shawg jg th` Mhcrt coav`+ js mckkè ‛59393— makar scdpkjgl'

Uh` ‛5— r`pr`s`gts kudc vcku`s whjk` th` fjrst cge s`mage ‛3— r`pr`s`gt `cmh af th` mhradc vcku`s' \h`r` ea`s th` ‛59393— mad`frad1

Uh` rctja o`tw``g ‛5— cge ‛3— jg th` pctt`rg js ?93' Uh`r`far`+ th`

r`kctjag o`tw``g th` rctja af kudc cge mhradc scdpk`s js ?93']a wh`r` ea`s th` ‛5— mad` frad1 Ua scdpk` th` 65$djmras`mageeurctjag af cg GU]M vjeà kjg`+ th` Gyqujst scdpkjgl fr`qu`gmyr`qujr`d`gt js 3?DHz+ ar lr`ct`r'

Oath GU]M cge ^CK ejljtck vjeà cr` scdpkè ct 3='0DHz' Uhjsfr`qu`gmy wcs mhas`g o`mcus` jt js lr`ct`r thcg 3?DHz cge warbs w`kkwjth oath GU]M cge ^CK stcgecres' Jf yau ejvje` 3='0DHz oy th` GU]M='08DHz GU]M /suomcrrj`r/ fr`qu`gmy+ yau l`t cppraxjdct`ky―5'

Fakkawjgl thjs kaljm+ 59595 cge 59?9? hcv` th`s` rctjas o`tw``gmhradc cge kudc scdpk`s9 ag` ta ag`2 twa ta ag`' Uh` Ucok` o`kawshaws 59?9? makar scdpkjgl'

GU]M Kjg`s Makudgs 59?9? 59595 Uatck Oyt`s

Kudjgcgm` 58> <?> =50+6>>

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Cs yau mcg s`` frad th` Ucok` coav`+ 59?9? scdpkjgl rèum`s th` ectcr`qujrè oy ag`$thjre' @cmh mhradc madpag`gt js scdpkè ct6'<0DHz+ ag`$hckf th` kudc scdpkjgl rct`' Uh` r`suktjgl kudjgcgm`cge mhradc ocgewjeths cr` 0'<0DHz cge =DHz (p`r makarmadpag`gt*+ r`sp`mtjv`ky' Uhjs typ` af scdpkjgl js e`fjgè cs MMJ_$6>3 cge JUP$_ OU'6>3' MMJ_$6>3 vjeà js magsje`rè ugmadpr`ssè'

\h`g yau `gmaugt`r ‛59?9>— th` d`cgjgl af th` rctjas js ejff`r`gt' Uh`z`ra jg 59?9> jgejmct`s thct agky Mr ar Mo js r`mareè far `cmh vjeà

kjg`' Uh`r`far`+ rè cge oku` cr` r`mareè ag ckt`rgct` kjg`s' Uh`mhradc sjlgcks jg `cmh kjg` cr` aotcjgè frad th` 59?9? makarjgfardctjag oy cv`rcljgl th` makar sjlgck frad twa mags`mutjv` kjg`s'Uh`r`far`+ th` v`rtjmck makar r`sakutjag af `cmh mhradc madpag`gt js+cs yau wauke `xp`mt+ hckf thct af th` kudjgcgm` r`sakutjag'

ZPV v`rs`s _LO

Madput`rs us` _LO ectc (_LO makarspcm`* thct js 8$ojts p`r makar' Uh` rcgl` far `cmh _è+ Lr``g+ cge Oku` vcku` rcgl`s frad > ta ?00 '

C ejljtck ZPV vcku` af 36 (8$ojt* ar 65 (3>$ojt* js dcppè ta cg _LO

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\je`smr``g cge Cgcdarphjm Vjeà

Zau djlht `xp`mt thct GU]M ar ^CK wje`smr``g (369: csp`mt$rctja*vjeà wauke r`qujr` dar` scdpk`s$p`r$kjg` thcg gag$wje`smr``g 59=csp`mt$rctja vjeà' (Cgath`r wcy af gatjgl c 59= csp`mt$rctja js 3'==93

whjk` c 369: csp`mt$rctja js gatè cs 3'<893'* Uh` r`ckjty js thct rcth`rthcg dar` scdpk`s p`r kjg`―th` pjx`ks ag c kjg` cr` sjdpky spr`ce+upag ejspkcy + cmrass c wje`r cr`c'

Pgtjk wje`smr``g vjeà js ejspkcyè+ jt js ‛cgcdarphjm— vjeà wh`r` th`jdcl` cpp`crs squ``zè harjzagtckky' Cgcdarphjm vjeà mcg mad`frad dcgy saurm`s9 cg cgcdarphjm k`gs ag c 59= MME mcd`rc―tamr`ct` c wje`smr``g jdcl`2 c 369: `k`mtragjm wjgeaw cppkjè wjthjg c59= MME2 c mcd`rc wjth c gctjv` 369: MME (thct djlht us` c 59=wjgeaw ta aotcjg c 59= jdcl`*2 ar cg `k`mtragjm pram`ss cppkjè ta th`

jdcl` frad c 59= MME'Uh` `k`mtragjm pram`ss fjrst dcsbs af th` tap 6>$ cge oattad 6>$kjg`saf c 58>$kjg`+ 59= jdcl`―k`cvjgl =6>$kjg`s m`gt`rè v`rtjmckky' Uh`g+E]^ (Ejljtck ]jlgck ^ram`ssjgl* smck`s (str`tmh`s* th` m`gt`rè =6>$kjg`s v`rtjmckky ta 58>$kjg`s―th`ròy dcbjgl aoi`mts kaab sbjggy'

Uh` HE <?> fardct hcs 3?8>x<?> pjx`ks2 th`r`far`+ jt hcs c 369:pjx`k$rctja' Kjb`wjs`+ th` HE 3>8> fardct js e`fjgè cs 3:?>x3>8>pjx`ks2 th`r`far`+ jt taa hcs c 369: pjx`k$rctja' ]ad`tjd`s+ haw`v`r+3>8> vjeà hcs agky 355>x3>8> pjx`ks+ whjmh js c 59= pjx`k$rctja' Jg

thjs mcs`+ th` HE vjeà js cgcdarphjm' Cg cgcdarphjm jdcl` shawgo`kaw+ fkctt`rs dy fct mct+ Bcrgc'





]a haw cr` cgcdarphjm jdcl`s ejspkcyè1 Jt e`p`ges' ]ad` VM_s+cge ckk EVE pkcy`rs+ mcg r`smck` th` jdcl` ocmb ta =6>$kjg`s cge ceeokcmb ocrs coav` cge o`kaw' Uhjs js mckkè ‛k`tt`roaxjgl'— C k`tt`roaxè369: jdcl` af dy Maabj` Dagst`r js shawg o`kaw cs c 59= jdcl`'

Jf c e`mb ea`s gat hcv` thjs fugmtjag+ th`g th` 59= dagjtar dust hcv`jt' Jf g`jth`r th` e`mb gar dagjtar hcs jt―th` jdcl` wjkk cpp`cr ag c59= dagjtar kaabjgl v`rtjmckky str`tmhè' Af maurs`+ th` pajgt af cgcdarphjm (wje`smr``g* vjeà js ta vj`w jt ag c wje`smr``g ejspkcy'

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Uh` Ejljtck Vjeà Mae`m (EVM*

Frad cg costrcmt k`v`k+ w` mcg lraup ckk madpr`ssè t`mhgakalj`s jgtatwa orace mkcss`s' Fardcts thct us` jgt`r $frcd` madpr`ssjag cgethas` thct us` jgtrc$frcd` madpr`ssjag'

\h`g jgtrc$frcd` madpr`ssjag js `dpkayè+ `cmh frcd` js madpr`ssèta cg jgejvjeuck pcmb`t af jgfardctjag' Ua r`trj`v` th` jdcl`+ agky thjssjglk` pcmb`t js r`qujrè' O`mcus` `cmh frcd` js pram`ssèjgejvjeuckky+ th` t`mhgakaly r`qujrè ta jdpk`d`gt c EV mae`m jsr`kctjv`ky sjdpk`' Uh` fugecd`gtck vcrjctjag o`tw``g ckk jgtrc$frcd`fardcts js th` ectc$rct` utjkjzè9 EV+ EVMCD+ cge EVM^_A ct ?0Dops2EVM^_A0> ct 0>Dops2 EVM^_A HE ct 3>>Dops2 cge HEMCD ct35>Dops' Kaw rct`s ckkaw agky 59393 scdpkjgl whjk` hjlh`r rct`s ckkaw59?9? mhradc scdpkjgl' \jth th`s` twa pcrcd`t`rs s`t+ th`

madpr`ssjag rctja gcturckky fckks$aut'Uh` sjdpkjmjty af th` jgtrc$frcd` mae`m dcb`s jt passjok` ta `csjky oathmadpr`ss cge e`madpr`ss jgt`r$frcd` fardcts ag c madput`r' Jg fcmt+taecy‚s r`cktjd` GK@s typjmckky e`madpr`ss duktjpk` str`cdssjduktcgàusky' Uh`r` cr` cdczjglky f`w fugecd`gtck ejff`r`gm`so`tw``g EV+ EVMCD cge EVM^_A+ ar HEMCD cge EVM^_A HE'

EV Vjeà Madpr`ssjag

O`far` madpr`ssjag+ th` kudjgcgm` sjlgck ( Z* js scdpkè ct 3='0DHzthct pravje`s c 0'<0DHz kudjgcgm` ocgewjeth far oath th` GU]M cge^CK syst`ds' Far GU]M praeumts+ th` Mo (P* cge Mr (V* makarejff`r`gm` sjlgcks cr` ejljtjzè ct ='=<0DHz scdpkjgl rct` thctpravje`s c 3'0DHz ocgewjeth far `cmh mhradc madpag`gt' Uh` r`suktjs 59393 ejljtck vjeà'

Jg th` EV fardct+ th` thr`` ejljtck madpag`gts cr` `cmh r`pr`s`gtèoy 8$ojt scdpk`s' Uh` 59393 ejljtck vjeà js starè jg c frcd` ouff`ro`far` madpr`ssjag js mcrrjè$aut' Kaljm d`csur`s th` marr`kctjago`tw``g th` twa fj`kes starè jg th` ouff`r' Jf th` marr`kctjag js kaw+jgejmctjgl taa dumh jgt`r$fj`ke datjag+ th`g th` twa fj`kes cr`

madpr`ssè jgejvjeuckky' Gardckky+ haw`v`r+ th` `gtjr` frcd` jsmadpr`ssè' Jg `jth`r mcs`+ Ejsmr`t` Masjg` Urcgsfard (EMU* ocsèmadpr`ssjag js usè'

Uh` EV fardct us`s c praprj`ty madpr`ssjag cklarjthd thct mcg o``csjky èjtè o`mcus` jt js cg jgtrc$frcd` t`mhgjqu`' Okambs af 8 oy 8pjx`ks cr` arlcgjzè jgta EMU okambs' Uh`s` EMU okambs cr` th`garlcgjzè jgta dcmraokambs' Dcmraokambs cr` madpasè af faur

kudjgcgm` EMU okambs cge twa marr`spagejgl makar ejff`r`gm` EMUokambs' Dcmraokambs hcv` th`jr awg S$tcok`s (qucgtjzctjag tcok`s*o`mcus` th` EV madpr`ssjag cklarjthds utjkjz` duktjpk` S$tcok`s'

@cmh vjeà pcth (trcmb* cmrass c EV tcp` magsjsts af fjv` dcmraokambs

thct hcv` o``g lcth`rè frad ejff`r`gt cr`cs af th` jdcl`' GU]Mvjeà r`qujr`s 0> dcmraokambs whjk` ^CK vjeà r`qujr`s 6> okambs'Uh`r`far`+ c frcd` af GU]M vjeà us`s 3> trcmbs+ whjk` c frcd` af ^CKvjeà us`s 3? trcmbs' Cft`r qucgtjzctjag+ th` r`suktjgl ectc js rèumèfurth`r oy cppkyjgl twa$ejd`gsjagck Huffdcg vcrjcok` k`glth maejgl'EV!EVMCD!EVM^_A?0,s 093 madpr`ssjag rctja rèum`s vjeàjgfardctjag ta ?0 d`lcojts$p`r$s`mage'

^MD ]t`rà Cueja

EV,s st`rà cueja sjlgck js r`mareè ejljtckky usjgl ûks` Mae`

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EV Ucp` Urcgspart

Uh` EV fardct r`qujr`s c erud d`mhcgjsd agky ?3'<dd jgmh`s jgejcd`t`r (coaut th` sjz` af c gjmb`k*' Jt ratct`s ct :+>>>rpd'Mags`qu`gtky+ th` tcp` sp`è af th` h`ce av`r th` tcp` js coaut :':d`t`rs$p`r$s`mage'

Uh` trcmb pjtmh far EV js `xtr`d`ky gcrraw+ agky 3> djmrags+ ar coaut3!3> th` wjeth af c hudcg hcjr' Uh` r`marejgl d`mhcgjsd af EV js ch`kjmck$smcggjgl syst`d―th` scd` cs thct usè jg cgckal VU_s'

_`marejgl+ haw`v`r+ js mcrrjè aut oy c ejljtck G_YJ pram`ss'

Cs shawg jg Fjlur` 3'3+ `cmh EV trcmb hcs faur s`mtars9 Vjeà+]uomae`+ Cueja+ cge JUJ' Jg ceejtjag ta th` vjeà ectc+ th` vjeàs`mtar cksa r`mares cuxjkjcry ectc sumh cs th` r`marejgl ect` cge tjd`pkus famus$dae`+ C@$dae`+ shutt`r sp`è+ F$stap+ cge lcjg s`ttjgl'




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Fjlur` 3'39 EV Ucp` Urcmb ]trumtur`

Uh` suomae` s`mtar r`mares tjd`mae`+ cg jge`x JE thct ckkaws qujmbs`crmh`s far sp`mjfjm sm`g`s+ cge th` ^^$JE far ^hata Dae` r`marejglcge pkcyocmb'

Jg th` EV fardct+ vjeà cge cueja sjlgcks cr` jg s`pcrct` s`mtars sa^MD cueja js starè jg th` cueja s`mtar' Ectc far th` EV e`vjm` jts`kf+sumh cs trcmbjgl ectc far cueja euoojgl+ cr` starè jg th` JUJ s`mtar'Uh` trcmbjgl sjlgck js r`mareè jg th` JUJ s`mtar+ cg crrcgl`d`gt thctckkaws vjeà$agky jgs`rt èjtjgl'

@rrar Marr`mtjag

O`mcus` cg `gtjr` frcd` af ectc js h`ke jg cg cr`c th` wjeth af chudcg hcjr+ `v`g c sdckk eust pcrtjmk` mcg mcus` th` kass af ectc' Farthjs r`csag+ th` EV fardct jgmkue`s c paw`rfuk _`è$]akadag `rrarmarr`mtjag smh`d`' Jg v`ry sjdpkjfjè t`rds+ `rrar marr`mtjag warbs csfakkaws'

Ejljtck jgfardctjag (`'l'+ ‛3,s— cge ‛>,s—* js arlcgjzè jgta dctrjm`s' Cg`rrar marr`mtjgl mae` js th`g cttcmhè ta `cmh raw cge makudg' Uh`mae`+ kjb`wjs` c ‛3— ar ‛>— `gsur`s thct cg `v`g gudo`r af ‛3‚s— `xjstjg `cmh raw cge makudg' Eurjgl pkcyocmb+ th` EV ugjt r`css`dok`s th`jgfardctjag+ jgmkuejgl th` `rrar mae`s+ jgta dctrjm`s'

Kaljm th`g kaabs far c gag$`v`g gudo`r af ‛3‚s— jg th` raws cge jg th`makudgs' Jf cg `rrar js fauge+ th` raw cge makudg ceer`ss`s pajgt tath` m`kk wh`r` c ojt js jg `rrar' Uh` stct` af th` ojt jg thjs m`kk js th`g

fkjppè ta marr`mt th` `rrar'

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EV+ EVMCD 59?9> ^CK ]cdpkjgl Fardct

Uh` ^CK fardct EV!EVMCD (EVM^_A?0 us`s 59393 scdpkjgl uge`r

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EVM^_A 59393 ]cdpkjgl Fardct

O`far` madpr`ssjag+ th` kudjgcgm` sjlgck ( Z* js scdpkè ct 3='0DHzthct pravje`s c 0'<0DHz kudjgcgm` ocgewjeth far oath th` GU]M cge

^CK syst`ds' Far GU]M praeumts+ th` Mo (P* cge Mr (V* makarejff`r`gm` sjlgcks cr` ejljtjzè ct ='=<0DHz scdpkjgl rct` thctpravje`s c 3'0DHz ocgewjeth far `cmh mhradc madpag`gt' Uh` r`suktjs 59393 ejljtck vjeà thct js r`mareè ct ?0Dops'

EVM^_A0> 59?9? ]cdpkjgl Fardct

O`far` madpr`ssjag+ th` kudjgcgm` sjlgck ( Z* js scdpkè ta pravje` c0'<0DHz kudjgcgm` ocgewjeth far oath th` GU]M cge ^CK syst`ds'Far GU]M praeumts+ th` Mo (P* cge Mr (V* makar ejff`r`gm` sjlgcks cr`cksa ejljtjzè ct 0'<0DHz scdpkjgl rct` thct pravje`s c ='>DHz

ocgewjeth far `cmh mhradc madpag`gt' Uh` r`sukt js 59?9? ejljtckvjeà wjth c madpr`ssjag rctja af ='=93 thct js r`mareè ct 0>Dops'

HE EVM Mae`m$ocsè Fardcts

Frad th` o`ljggjgl af HEUV pkcggjgl oy GHB jg Icpcg+ th` b`y e`sjlglack wcs c ercdctjm jgmr`cs` jg jdcl` r`sakutjag' ]p`mjfjmckky+ ceauokjgl af v`rtjmck r`sakutjag ta 3+30> kjg`s' Ocsè upag thjs lack+pkus th` e`mjsjag ta la wjth c wje`$smr``g+ 369:+ csp`mt$rctja―

harjzagtck r`sakutjag hce ta jgmr`cs` ta 3+:?> `k`d`gts'Jgt`r`stjglky+ hce GHB mhas`g th` lack af ‛hjlh quckjty— vjeà th`ywauke hcv` s`t th` lack gat jg t`rds af jgmr`csè r`sakutjag―whjmh w`bgaw wjkk cutadctjmckky jgmr`cs` av`r tjd`―out jg c trcgsfardctjagckswjtmh ta pralr`ssjv` vjeà' Uhjs appartugjty ta mhas` quckjty av`rqucgtjty wcs kast agm` clcjg wh`g th` CU]M maddjtt`` jg th` P]Cckkawè oath jgt`rkcm` cge pralr`ssjv` vjeà stcgecres'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g =3 0!3>!3=

Psjgl ejljtck t`rdjgakaly+ cg HEUV jdcl` wcs `xp`mtè ta aff`r coaut? djkkjag `k`d`gts' ]umh cg jdcl` mauke o` `csjky madpcrè ta GU]Moy scyjgl HEUV aff`rè 6X lr`ct`r r`sakutjag' Gaw ?> y`crs cft`rGHB,s pjag``rjgl warb+ `v`rythjgl hcs o`mad` fcr dar` madpk`x'

\h`g yau `xcdjg` th` ‛CU]M Ucok` =— cs jgt`rpr`tè jg th` Ucokò`kaw+ yau wjkk fjge sjx ‛fardcts— magsje`rè ta d`rjt th` kco`k af HE$EUV'

EUV

]tcgecres

Jgt`rkcm`

?:':<!=>'> F^]

^ralr`ssjv`

?=':8!?5'> F^]

^ralr`ssjv`

=>'> F^]

^ralr`ssjv`

0:':5!6>'> F^]

3>8>x3:?>

369: HE

3>8>x3:?> 3>8>x3:?>

?D pjx`ks ?D pjx`ks

<?>x3?8>

369: HE

<?>x3?8> <?>x3?8> <?>x3?8>

:??b pjx`ks :??b pjx`ks :??b pjx`ks

CU]M Ucok` =

Kaabjgl dar` mkas`ky ct th` 3>8> stcgecre yau wjkk s`` thct ckk 3>8>fardcts aff`r c ? djkkjag$pjx`k jdcl`' Uhus+ 3>8> jgt`rkcm` (3>8>j* jsth` CU]M,s EUV v`rsjag af th` arjljgck GHB e`sjlgè HEUV syst`d'(Uhjs hjstary js ag` r`csag ]agy hcs g`v`r o``g cs b``g agpralr`ssjv` smcggjgl cs jg th` P]C wh`r` th` EAE cge th` madput`rjgeustry hcv` pushè hcre far pralr`ssjv`'* MO]+ GOM+ Ô]+Ejsmav`ry+ Gctjagck Làlrcphjm+ cge HEG`t hcv` mhas`g th` 3>8>j

stcgecre' COM+ Ô]+ Fax+ @]^G+ cge GC]C hcv` mhas`g th`pralr`ssjv` stcgecre' Ckk <?>p fardcts aff`r c 3 djkkjag$pjx`k jdcl`'

Uh` ocgewjeth g`m`sscry far 3>8>p6> js ckdast ?+>>>Dojts!s`mage―cectc rct` thct mcggat o` hcgekè oy taecy,s t`mhgakaly' ]a jf w`cmm`pt c murr`gt ocgewjeth kjdjt af 3+>>> Dojts!s`mage+ th`r` cr` twamk`cr ckt`rgctjv`s9 us` thjs ocgewjeth far c hjlh`r r`sakutjag jdcl`―wjth jgt`rkcm` crtjfcmts' Ckt`rgctjv`ky+ `dpkay thjs ocgewjeth ta s`gecg jdcl` af hckf th` r`sakutjag―wjth ga jgt`rkcm` crtjfcmts' \hct jsfcsmjgctjgl js thct frad th` ojts$p`r$s`mage pajgt af vj`w+ oath jdcl`scr` `quck'

EVM^_A <?>p HE Fardct

O`far` madpr`ssjag+ 3?8> pjx`ks frad 3?8>x<?> `k`d`gt MMEs cr`pr`$fjkt`rè ta yj`ke :6> pjx`ks' Uh` :6>$pjx`k kudjgcgm` sjlgck ( Z* jsth`g scdpkè' Uh` Mo cge Mr makar ejff`r`gm` sjlgcks cr` ejljtjzè tapravje` 58>x<?> scdpkjgl far `cmh mhradc madpag`gt' Uh` r`sukt jsr`mareè ct 3>>Dops'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g =? 0!3>!3=

EVM^_A 3>8>j HE Fardct

O`far` madpr`ssjag+ 3:?> pjx`ks frad 3:?>x3>8> `k`d`gt MMEs cr`pr`$fjkt`rè ta yj`ke 3?8> pjx`ks' Uh` 3?8> pjx`k kudjgcgm` sjlgck ( Z* jsth`g scdpkè' Uh` Mo cge Mr makar ejff`r`gm` sjlgcks cr` ejljtjzè tapravje` 65>x3>8> scdpkjgl far `cmh mhradc madpag`gt' Uh` r`sukt jsr`mareè ct 3>>Dops'

HEMCD 3>8>j Fardct

O`far` madpr`ssjag+ 3:?> pjx`ks frad th` 3:?>x3>8> `k`d`gt MMEscr` pr`$fjkt`rè ta yj`ke 355> pjx`ks' Uh` 355> pjx`k kudjgcgm` sjlgck( Z* js th`g scdpkè' Uh` Mo cge Mr makar ejff`r`gm` sjlgcks crèjljtjzè ta pravje` 65>x3>8> scdpkjgl far `cmh mhradc madpag`gt'Uh` r`sukt r`mareè ct 35>Dops'

Ejljtck Cueja

\jth cgckal r`marejgl+ yaur dciar magm`rg js b``pjgl th` sjlgck$ta$gajs` rctja cs hjlh cs passjok`' Zau ea thjs oy turgjgl up th` cuejak`v`k sa th` VP d`t`r p`cbs ct+ ar coav`+ >eO (> VP*' Jg prcmtjm` wjthhjlh$quckjty cgckal tcp` r`mare`rs+ jt js maddag ta b``p th` g`èk` jgth` ‛rè— wh`g r`marejgl'

Uhus+ th` d`t`r wjkk typjmckky ‛p`l— ct "=eO eurjgl th` kaue`st

partjags' Uh`r`far`+ ‛aff d`t`r— p`cbs af "5eO ta "8eO cr` maddag'Uh`s` mcus` ga praok`ds o`mcus` wjth laae cgckal `qujpd`gt th`r`js ce`quct` ‛h`ceraad— far th`s` p`cbs' Uh`r` js ga magm`rg coaut`xm`èjgl >eO o`mcus` th` r`sukt js /saft$mkjppjgl/ thct ea`s gat k`ceta hcrsh ejstartjag'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g == 0!3>!3=

\jth ejljtck r`marejgl+ yaur dciar magm`rg js b``pjgl th` sjlgck fradr`cmhjgl >eO o`mcus` thct wjkk r`sukt jg /hcre$mkjppjgl'/ Hcre mkjppjglmcus`s gcsty ejstartjag' Ag th` ath`r hcge+ kaw$k`v`k sjlgcks cr` gapraok`d wjth ejljtck r`marejgl' Uh` sjlgck$ta$gajs` rctja wjkk gat o`hurt oy saft cueja'

Ps`rs aft`g hcv` c praok`d s`ttjgl th` prap`r k`v`ks wh`g magg`mtjglcgckal `qujpd`gt ta ejljtck `qujpd`gt cge vjm`$v`rsc' Uh` b`y ta thjsqu`stjag js ta uge`rstcge thct ejff`r`gt typ`s af sauge hcv` ejff`r`gteygcdjm rcgl`s'

Ocsè upag cueja typ`+ yau shauke mhaas` c Gadjgck _`f`r`gm` K`v`k'Uhjs js th` typjmck cueja k`v`k af yaur r`marejgl' Uh`r` cr` thr``Gadjgck _`f`r`gm` K`v`ks jg us` taecy' (F] d`cgs Fukk ]mck`'*

$3?eOF] Far cueja thct hcs c v`ry kjdjtè eygcdjm rcgl`―sumh cs

dct`rjck frad c mcss`tt` tcp` r`mare`r'

$38eOF] Far cueja thct hcs c kjdjtè eygcdjm rcgl`―sumh csdct`rjck frad c O`tc ]^ VU_'

$?>eOF] Far cueja thct hcs c wje` eygcdjm rcgl`―sumh cs frad cME pkcy`r' Uh` _`f`r`gm` K`v`k usè far HE+ jgmkuejglHEV+ js ”?>eOF]'

H`ceraad js th` ejff`r`gm` o`tw``g th` mhas`g Gadjgck _`f`r`gm`K`v`k cge th` dcxjdud fukk$smck` ckkawè far th` r`marejgl dèjudo`jgl usè' Ejljtck fukk$smck` js >eO o`mcus` hcre mkjppjgl wjkk ammur ctthjs k`v`k' Zau dcy o` surprjsè ct haw dumh h`ceraad js r`qujrè faraptjdck sjlgck quckjty jg ejljtck r`marejgls' Uh` Ucok` o`kaw shaws hawyau mcg b``p ce`quct` h`ceraad cs yau warb wjth cgckal cge ejljtckcueja `qujpd`gt'

CgckalD`t`rjgl

Vakud` Pgjt(VP*

Ejljtck Gadjgck Vcku`

$3?eO $38eO $?>eO

"38 > $?

"35 $5 $6

"8 $5 $3> $3?

"5 $8 $35 $36

> $3? $38 $?>

$6 $38 $?5 $?6

$36 $?8 $=5 $=6

$?6 $=8 $55 $56

$03 $6= $6: $<3

Far `xcdpk`+ jf yau mhaas` c Gadjgck _`f`r`gm` K`v`k af $?>eO―wh`gcg cgckal d`t`r shaws c k`v`k af >VP+ yau shauke ceiust th` ejljtckcueja k`v`k ta shaw $?>eO' Kjb`wjs`+ far c ejljtck vcku` af ”?>eO+ yaushauke s`t th` cgckal cueja k`v`k ta >VP' (]hawg jg oake jg th` tcok`coav`'*

]`` Cpp`gejx O far jgfardctjag ag warbjgl wjth cgckal sjlgcks'





Mhcpt`r ?9 Ckk Coaut D^@L$?

Mhcpt`r ? oujkes upag th` magm`pts jgtraeumè jg th` fjrst mhcpt`r ta

pravje` cg jg$e`pth uge`rstcgejgl af D^@L$?'

Madpr`ssè t`mhgakalj`s mcg o` ejvjeè jgta twa mkcss`s9 Fardcts

thct us` jgt`r$frcd` madpr`ssjag cge thas` thct us` jgtrc$frcd`

madpr`ssjag'

Jgtrc$frcd` Madpr`ssjag

\h`g jgtrc$frcd` madpr`ssjag js `dpkayè+ `cmh frcd` js madpr`ssèta cg jgejvjeuck pcmb`t af jgfardctjag' (Jgtrc$frcd` madpr`ssjag js

e`tcjkè jg Mhcpt`r 3'* Ua r`trj`v` th` jdcl`+ agky thjs sjglk` pcmb`t jsr`qujrè' O`mcus` `cmh frcd` js pram`ssè jgejvjeuckky+ th` t`mhgakalyr`qujrè ta jdpk`d`gt c mae`m js r`kctjv`ky sjdpk`' Uh` fugecd`gtckvcrjctjag o`tw``g ckk jgtrc$frcd` fardcts js th` ectc$rct` utjkjzè9 EV+EVMCD+ cge EVM^_A ct ?0Dops2 EVM^_A0> ct 0>Dops2 EVM^_A HEct 3>>Dops2 cge HEMCD ct 35>Dops' Kaw rct`s ckkaw agky 59393scdpkjgl whjk` hjlh`r rct`s ckkaw o`tt`r mhradc scdpkjgl' \jth th`s`twa pcrcd`t`rs s`t+ th` madpr`ssjag rctja gcturckky fckks$aut'

Jgt`r$frcd` Madpr`ssjagUh` t`mhgakaly `dpkayè jg jgt`r$frcd` madpr`ssjag js magsje`rcokydar` madpk`x' Uhjs madpk`xjty mad`s frad thr`` fcmtars' Fjrst+ pjx`kscr` jgt`kkjl`gtky lraupè jgta aoi`mts―ga sjdpk` tcsb' ]`mage+ th`datjag v`mtar (pcth* af aoi`mts cr` mckmukctè cge trcmbè av`r tjd`'Uhjre+ oath `gmaejgl cge e`maejgl jgvakv` jgfardctjag frad ath`rfrcd`s'

\hjk` th` fjrst fcmtar js r`spagsjok` far sad` e`lr`` af ectc rèumtjag+(madpr`ssjag* th` kctt`r twa fcmtars k`ce ta th` ercdctjm ocgewjeth

rèumtjag' Jf yau wcgt c sjdpky wcy ta uge`rstcge th` ejff`r`gmò`tw``g D^@L$3+ D^@L$?+ cge D^@L$5―magsje`r thct `cmhl`g`rctjag jgmarparct`s dar` ‛sdcrts'—

Uhcgbfukky+ th` jgtrjmcmj`s af `gmaejgl cge e`maejgl―th` e``p dcth―ea gat g`è ta o` uge`rstaae oy thas` af us jg th` vjeà jgeustry'Uh`r` cr`+ haw`v`r+ twa magsje`rctjags w` ea g`è ta lrcsp'





Fjrst+ th` lr`ct`r th` ojt rèumtjag w` wcgt+ th` dar` saphjstjmctè th`mae`m mjrmujtry wjkk o`' ]`mage+ mhjp madpk`xjty fugecd`gtckkyjgfku`gm`s mhjp sjz`+ h`ct l`g`rctjag+ cge paw`r magsudptjag' Uh`s`thr`` fcmtars e`t`rdjg` wh`th`r c mae`m mcg prcmtjmckky `dpkayè jg cmcdmare`r' Agm` clcjg+ t`mhgakaly wjkk `gcok` dcgufcmtur`s ta shrjgb

ej` sjz` whjmh jg$turg wjkk rèum` paw`r magsudptjag cge h`ctl`g`rctjag'

J+ ^+ cge O Frcd`s

Jgtrc$frcd` madpr`ssjag smh`d`s `dpkay agky ag` bjge af frcd`'Jgt`r$frcd` madpr`ssjag mcg us`9 J$frcd`2 J$ cge ^$frcd`2 cge J$+ ^$+cge O$frcd`s' HEV cge ^raHE us` ckk thr`` typ`s af frcd`s'

J$frcd`

Jgt`r$frcd` madpr`ssjag‚s dast prjdjtjv` `k`d`gt js cg ‛J— frcd`' Uhjs

frcd` mad`s frad ag` vjeà frcd`' Jt hcs o``g jgt`r$frcd` D^@Lmadpr`ssè' Jt js dumh kjb` c sjglk` madpr`ssè EV frcd`―`xm`pt jtaff`rs skjlhtky o`tt`r pjmtur` quckjty'

Zau hcv` praocoky ckr`cey gatjmè thct whjk` EV quckjty js typjmckky`xpr`ssè jg c madpr`ssjag$rctja+ D^@L$? quckjty js e`fjgè jgd`lcojts$p`r$s`mage' O`far` davjgl ag+ k`t us sart thjs aut' O`mcusÈV+ `t ck+ cr` r`mareè ta tcp`―th` ojt$rct` hcs ta o` magstcgt' Uackkaw far ejff`r`gt quckjty k`v`ks+ twa ]E ojt rct`s w`r` mhas`g9?0Dops (c 093 madpr`ssjag rctja* cge 0>Dops (c ='=93 rctja*' Uahcgek` HE+ twa dumh hjlh`r ojt$rct`s w`r` mhas`g9 3>>Dops cge

35>Dops'

D^@L$? wcs jgjtjckky mcrrjè oy aptjmck ejsm cge oracemcst!mcok`mhcgg`ks' H`r` th`r` wcs ga g`è far c magstcgt ojt$rct`+ sa th` k`v`kaf quckjty wcs ejckè jg ct th` tjd` af `gmaejgl' Jgjtjckky agky ]E$sjzèjdcl`s w`r` `gmaeè' Uhus+ jt o`mcd` `csy ta madpcr` quckjty oykaabjgl ct th` sp`mjfjè ojt$rct`'

]umh quckjty `stjdct`s hcv` g`v`r o``g vckje o`mcus`+ far `xcdpk`+ csaphjstjmctè ?$pcss D^@L$? `gmae`r mcg yj`ke lr`ct pjmtur` quckjty ctkaw ojt$rct`s' G`v`rth`k`ss+ far ]E+ c ojt$rct` af :Dops js magsje`rèta mcrry c v`ry hjlh$quckjty jdcl`' Far HE+ c rct` af 3:Dops js th`gard'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g =< 0!3>!3=

^$ cge O$frcd`

Agm` cg J$frcd` hcs o``g `gmaeè+ ‛^— cge ‛O— frcd`s mcg o`l`g`rctè usjgl oath th` J$frcd` jgfardctjag cge suos`qu`gt vjeàfrcd`s' ]jdpky put+ c ^$frcd` magtcjgs th` jgfardctjag g`èè tar`mr`ct` c vjeà frcd` jg magiugmtjag wjth th` jgfardctjag jg th`

pr`vjaus J$frcd`'

Jg dast+ out gat ckk+ mcs`s c ^$frcd` js dumh sdckk`r thcg cg J$frcd`'Uhus+ c s`qu`gm` af J^^ frcd`s mcrrj`s th` jgfardctjag far thr`` vjeàfrcd`s usjgl fcr k`ss ectc ojts thcg jf jgtrc$frcd` (EV* w`r` usè'

C O$frcd` js `v`g dar` `ffjmj`gt thcg c ^$frcd`' C O$frcd` magtcjgsth` sdckk cdaugt af jgfardctjag g`èè ta r`magstjtut` c vjeà frcd`wh`g madojgè wjth jgfardctjag frad9 c pcst J$ ar ^$frcd` cge cfutur` J$ar ^$frcd`2 c pcst J$ ar ^$frcd`2 ar c futur` J$ar ^$frcd`'Ptjkjzjgl O$frcd`s+ th`r`far`+ r`sukts jg c sjlgjfjmcgt rèumtjag af ectc'

Zau wauke o` iustjfjè jg csbjgl haw+ eurjgl pkcyocmb+ c futur` J$ ar ^$frcd` mcg o` `dpkayè ta r`mr`ct` c vjeà frcd` wh`g jt js gat y`tcvcjkcok`'

Eurjgl th` `gmaejgl pram`ss+ `gmaeè frcd`s cr` h`ke jg c ouff`r cgeautput jg cg are`r sa c O$frcd` js ckwcys pr`mèè oy th` J$ cge!ar ^$

frcd`s r`qujrè' Far `xcdpk`+ jf th` s`qu`gm` af frcd`s js JOO^―wh`r` oath O frcd`s e`p`ge ag th` jgjtjck J$frcd` cge fjgck ^$frcd`―th` autput s`qu`gm` wjkk o` JÔO'





LA^―Lraup af ^jmtur`s

Agm` cg J$frcd` js `gmaeè th`r` wjkk o` sad` gudo`r af ^$ cge!ar O$frcd`s `gmaeè o`far` cgath`r J$frcd` js `gmaeè' Far `xcdpk`+JOOÔO' Cft`r th`s` frcd`s+ c g`w J$frcd` js `gmaeè+ yj`kejgl c

s`qu`gm`9 JOOÔO' Uh` k`glth af c s`qu`gm` js mckkè c LA^―Lraupaf ^jmtur`s' (Gat`9 jt js passjok` ta hcv` vjeà `gmaeè ta agky J$frcd`s+ ckthaulh th` r`sukt wjkk hcv` c v`ry hjlh ectc$rct`'*

C madpk`t` mhcgl` af sm`g` jg th` vjeà str`cd pas`s c ejffjmuktpraok`d far D^@L$? `gmaejgl' Je`ckky+ `v`ry sm`g` mhcgl` shaukel`g`rct` cg J$frcd`' Haw`v`r+ jf thjs J frcd` mcd` v`ry saag cft`r cg`crkj`r J$frcd`+ th` cdaugt af ectc autput frad th` `gmae`r waukespjb`―passjoky o`yage thct whjmh mcg o` hcgekè oy th` r`marejglsyst`d'

]ad` D^@L$? ocsè fardcts ckkaw c LA^ ta vcry skjlhtky jg k`glth'\h`g c LA^ af k`glth 30 js usè+ th` LA^ k`glth dcy o` ckkawè tavcry o`tw``g :$frcd`s cge 30$frcd`s' Uh` vcst dciarjty af LA^s wjkko` 30$frcd`s kagl+ out shart`r LA^s dcy o` autput wh`g th`r` cr`corupt mhcgl`s jg th` jgmadjgl vjeà'

LA^ k`glths mcg o` ejvjeè jgta twa mct`larj`s9 shart ar kagl' Uh`t`rd ‛shart— typjmckky js usè ta e`gat` J$frcd` agky D^@L$?' KaglLA^s typjmckky mcrry ag`$hckf s`mage af pkcyocmb vjeà+ `'l'+ 30$frcd`s'

Psjgl kagl LA^s dcxjdjz`s mae`m `ffjmj`gmy cge sa mcg aff`r lr`ct`rjdcl` quckjty―wh`g th`r` js ga+ ar djgjdck+ datjag' Haw`v`r+madpcrè ta shart LA^+ jt fcr k`ss `ffjmj`gt jg `gmaejgl datjag'Uh`r`far`+ datjag dcy mcus` kass r`sakutjag ar D^@L$? okambjglcrtjfcmts'

Uh` D^@L$? @gmaejgl ^ram`ss

Uh`r` cr` sp`mjfjm stcl`s jgvakvè jg D^@L$? `gmaejgl vjeà jdcl`s'

Uh` jgjtjck st`p js ta us` jgfardctjag cmrass th` s`rj`s af jdcl`s wjthjg`cmh LA^ ta p`rfard jgt`r$frcd` madpr`ssjag' (Cg jdcl` dcy o` cpralr`ssjv` vjeà frcd` ar cg jgt`rkcmè vjeà frcd`―th` kctt`r o`jglk`ss `ffjmj`gt ta `gmae` wh`g th`r` cr` o`tw``g fj`ke ejff`r`gm`s cswh`g aoi`mts cr` jg datjag'* Uh` fakkawjgl js c sjdpkjfjè e`smrjptjag af haw thjs js cmmadpkjshè'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g =: 0!3>!3=

J$frcd`s

Cg J$frcd` magtcjgs jgfardctjag ta r`mr`ct` c kassy v`rsjag af th` fjrst vjeà frcd`'

Cft`r cppraprjct` kaw$pcss fjkt`rjgl ta rèum` gajs`+ c pjmtur` js

pcrtjtjagè jgta 36 x 36 pjx`k dcmraokambs' C ejsmr`t` masjg` trcgsfard(EMU* js cppkjè ta `cmh af th` faur 8 x 8 kudjgcgm` okambs wjthjg cdcmraokamb' Uh` EMU arlcgjz`s jgfardctjag sa th` k`v`k af e`tcjk tawhjmh th` hudcg `y` js dast s`gsjtjv` js gat ejsmcreè' Magv`rs`ky+v`ry fjg` e`tcjk wjkk o` th` fjrst ta o` ejsmcreè' (Magtrcry ta maddago`kj`f+ th` EMU ea`s gat rèum` th` cdaugt af ectc'*

Jgtrc$frcd` madpr`ssjag us`s c madojgctjag af kassk`ss cge kassypram`ssjgl' D^@L madpr`ssjag ammurs thraulh th` ‛qucgtjzctjag— af th` EMU ma`ffjmj`gts' Sucgtjzjgl js th` pram`ss af rèumjgl th` gudo`r

af ojts thct r`pr`s`gt `cmh ma`ffjmj`gt' Haw dumh madpr`ssjag js ta o`cppkjè js e`t`rdjgè ct thjs stcl`'

Ejsmr`t` Masjg` Urcgsfard @gmaejgl

Ma`ffjmj`gts thct r`pr`s`gt kcrl` e`tcjks cr` ckkawè ta o` r`pr`s`gtèoy up ta 33$ojts+ whjk` thas` thct r`pr`s`gt fjg` e`tcjk cr` squ``zèjgta agky c f`w ojts' Oy ceiustjgl th` smck` af e`tcjk sjz`+ th` cdaugt af ectc thct js l`g`rctè mcg o` magtrakkè' Uhjs smck` fcmtar mcg o` b`ptmagstcgt+ whjmh ljv`g th` vcryjgl jdcl` ectc$rct`2 wjkk yj`ke VcrjcokÒjt _ct` (VO_* `gmaejgl' Jf dagjtarjgl th` autput ectc$rct`―

eygcdjmckky magtraks th` smck` fcmtar+ th` autput js sdaathè th`ròyyj`kejgl Magstcgt Ojt _ct` (MO_* `gmaejgl'

Kassk`ss ectc rèumtjag js cppkjè cft`r qucgtjzctjag usjgl Vcrjcok`K`glth Maejgl (VKM* cge _ug K`glth Maejgl (_KM*' Vcrjcok` k`glth`gmaejgl je`gtjfj`s th` dast fr`qu`gt pctt`rgs jg th` qucgtjzèma`ffjmj`gts' (^$ ar O$frcd` Datjag V`mtar Okambs cr` cksa madpr`ssèoy th`s` pram`ss`s'*

Uh`s` pctt`rgs cr` th`g r`pr`s`gtè oy mae`s thct cr` e`fjgè oy agkyc f`w ojts' Magv`rs`ky+ k`ss fr`qu`gt pctt`rgs o`mad` r`pr`s`gtè oy

mae`s thct r`qujr` dar` ojts' Gat` thct th` `gmaejgl pram`ss mk`v`rkytcb`s th` dast vjsjok` e`tcjks cge r`pr`s`gts th`d oy th` f`w`st ojts+whjk` th` e`tcjks k`cst kjb`ky ta o` s``g cr` r`pr`s`gtè oy dar` ojts'

Uh` VKM pram`ss yj`kes c s`t af gud`rjm vcku`s' Uh`s` vcku`s cr` th`g_ug K`glth @gmaeè' _KM us`s c ugjqu` mae` ta r`pr`s`gt c r`p`ctjglpctt`rg+ sumh cs c s`rj`s af z`ra`s' Far `xcdpk`+ c ‛rug— af ?> z`ra





vcku`s mcg o` r`pr`s`gtè oy c ugjqu` mae` ta whjmh th` r`p`ct maugt(`'l'+ 3>* js cpp`geè' Uhus+ ?> oyt`s cr` rèumè ta agky = oyt`s'

Uh` st`ps far J$frcd` `gmaejgl cr` th` `ss`gtjckky th` scd` far EVM(EV+ EVMCD+ EVM^_A* madpr`ssjag'

Datjag V`mtars

C g`wky `gmaeè J frcd` js e`maeè (ugmadpr`ssè* ta r $l`g`rct`th` fjrst vjeà frcd` (^r`s`gt Jdcl`*+ whjmh js ejvjeè jgta 36x36pjx`k dcmraokambs'

]tcrtjgl wjth th` fjrst (upp`rdast+ k`ftdast* dcmraokamb+ c s`crmh jsdce` ta e`t`rdjg` jts kamctjag jg cg Ceicm`gt Jdcl`' (Uh` Ceicm`gtJdcl` js th` g`xt vjeà frcd`'*

Uh` fjrst madpcrjsag js dce` ct je`gtjmck X cge Z maarejgct`s ta

e`t`rdjg` jf th` dcmraokamb js jg thjs kamctjag' (C marr`kctjag t`mhgjqu`js usè ta dcb`+ d`csur`+ cge rct` th` dctmh'* Jf th`r` js c dctmh―o`mcus` th` marr`kctjag js lr`ct`r thcg c mrjtjmck vcku`―jgejmctjgl th`dcmraokamb hcs gat davè2 jts ‛datjag v`mtar— js s`t ta z`ra'

Pgtjk th`r` js c dctmh+ jg c d`thaejmck pctt`rg+ th` madpcrjsagdcmraokamb js davè jg ckk ejr`mtjags ct jgmr`csjgl ejstcgm`s frad jtsarjljg' Uh` ejspkcm`d`gt (ejr`mtjag cge ejstcgm`* davè ugtjk c dctmhjs dce`+ e`t`rdjg`s th` dcmraokamb‚s datjag v`mtar' Uhus+ c datjag jsl`g`rctè far `cmh dcmraokamb cge th` v`mtar scvè' Uh`s` pram`ssjgl

stcl`s cr` shawg jg Fjlur` ?'3'

Fjlur` ?'39 L`g`rctjgl c Datjag V`mtar

Uhjs pram`ss js r`p`ctè far `cmh dcmraokamb ugtjk ckk datjag v`mtarshcv` o``g madputè o`tw``g th` ^r`s`gt cge th` Ceicm`gt Jdcl`(s*'





^`rfardjgl th` jt`rctjv` s`crmh far ]E vjeà r`qujr`s c hul` cdaugt af madputctjag' Gcturckky th` hjlh`r th` jdcl` r`sakutjag+ th` lr`ct`rgudo`r af datjag v`mtars thct cr` l`g`rctè cge scvè' Datjagv`mtars cr` scvè jg c Datjag Madp`gsctjag Okamb'

^rèjmtè Frcd`sG`xt+ c ^rèjmtè Frcd` js magstrumtè frad cppkyjgl th` v`mtarsmagtcjgè jg c Datjag Madp`gsctjag Okamb ta th` ^r`s`gt Jdcl`']jdpky put+ w` us` th` v`mtar jgfardctjag ta magstrumt c g`w frcd` csshawg oy Fjlur` ?'?'

@v`ry dcmraokamb jg thjs frcd` js aotcjgè frad th` ^r`s`gt Jdcl`―davè ta c g`w kamctjag cmmarejgl ta th` scvè datjag v`mtarjgfardctjag'

Fjlur` ?'?9 L`g`rctjgl c ^rèjmtè Frcd`

Ejff`r`gm` Frcd`s

Uh` ^rèjmtè Frcd` js th`g suotrcmtè frad th` Ceicm`gt Jdcl` cge cEjff`r`gm` Frcd` mr`ctè cs shawg oy Fjlur` ?'=' Jf th` datjagv`mtars w`r` cok` ta mr`ct` c p`rf`mt ^rèjmtè Frcd`+ th` ^rèjmtèFrcd` wauke dctmh th` Ceicm`gt Jdcl` cge th` Ejff`r`gm` Frcd`wauke o` `dpty'





Fjlur` ?'=9 L`g`rctjgl c Ejff`r`gm` Frcd`

Cgmhar Frcd`s

Cg Ceicm`gt Jdcl`+ wh`g jt js th` fjrst frcd` af c LA^+ o`mad`s cgCgmhar Frcd`' Uhus+ cg J$frcd` js cg Cgmhar Frcd`'

Jf th` `gmae`r hcs `gaulh d`dary―twa Cgmhar Frcd`s+ twa DatjagV`mtar Okambs+ cge ag` Ceicm`gt Jdcl` cr` usè tal`th`r' Uh` s`mageCgmhar Frcd` js kct`r jg th` s`rj`s cge js c ^$frcd`' Uwa ^rèjmtèFrcd`s cr` mr`ctè oy th` Datjag V`mtars aotcjgè frad `cmh CgmharFrcd` cge th` Ceicm`gt Jdcl`' G`xt+ twa Ejff`r`gm` Frcd`s cr`mr`ctè' Uh`s` frcd`s wjkk o` usè ta l`g`rct` c O$frcd`'

Madpr`ssjgl ^$ cge O$frcd`s

Ejff`r`gm` frcd`s+ `cmh wjth jts awg datjag madp`gsctjag okamb+ crÈMU trcgsfardè cge th`jr ma`ffjmj`gts qucgtjzè' VKM cge _K@ th`gl`g`rct` c ojt$str`cd' Uhjs pram`ss js r`p`ctè far th` r`dcjgjglfrcd`s af c LA^' \h`g c prèjmtè frcd` js magstrumtè+ cs e`smrjoècoav`+ agky jg r`kctjag ta cg jgjtjck frcd`+ jt js c ‛^ frcd`'—

C ^$frcd` magtcjgs th` jgfardctjag g`èè ta r`mr`ct` c vjeàfrcd` jg magiugmtjag wjth th` jgfardctjag jg th` pr`vjaus J$frcd`'

\h`g c prèjmtè frcd` js madputè jg r`kctjag ta c pr`vjaus frcd`cge c frcd` cft`r th` prèjmtè frcd`+ c ‛O frcd`— js l`g`rctè' @cmh

O$frcd` magtcjgs twa s`ts af madpr`ssè jgfardctjag' Ag` s`t js th`madpr`ssè pcjr af Datjag Madp`gsctjag Okambs' Uh` ath`r s`t js th`madpr`ssè pcjr af Ejff`r`gm` Frcd`s'

C O$frcd` magtcjgs jgfardctjag g`èè ta r`magstjtut` c vjeàfrcd` wh`g madojgè wjth jgfardctjag frad c pcst J$ ar ^$frcd` cge!ar c futur` J$ar ^$frcd`'

E`maejgl D^@L$?

E`maejgl D^@L$? js dumh sjdpk`r cge fcst`r thcg `gmaejgl' Cg J$frcd` js e`madpr`ssè cs shawg jg Fjlur` ?'5'

Fjlur` ?'59 Cg ugmadpr`ssè J$frcd` mcrrj`s c madpk`t` jdcl`

V`mtar jgfardctjag js ugmadpr`ssè far c frcd` cft`r th` J$frcd`+ csshawg jg Fjlur` ?'0'

Fjlur` ?'09 G`xt c Datjag V`mtar js ugmadpr`ssè

Cft`r e`madpr`ssjag+ c frcd`‚s datjag v`mtars cr` cppkjè ta th`murr`gt vjeà frcd` ta mr`ct` c prèjmtè (@stjdctè Frcd`* frcd`'

Fjlur` ?'69 G`xt cg `stjdctè ‛g`xt— frcd` js l`g`rctè

Uh`g th` Ejff`r`gm` Frcd` js ugmadpr`ssè cs shawg jg Fjlur` ?'<'

Fjlur` ?'<9 G`xt c Ejff`r`gm` Frcd` js ugmadpr`ssè

Uh` Ejff`r`gm` Frcd` js ceeè ta th` @stjdctè Frcd` ta yj`ke cgjdcl`' Uh` g`w jdcl` js cksa ocsè upag th` aoi`mts jg th` J$frcd`thct hcv` gat davè' Uh` G`xt Frcd` js cs shawg jg Fjlur` ?'8'

Fjlur` ?'89 C madpasjt` af th` stctjm J$frcd`+ cge th` marr`mtè `stjdctè frcd`

Uhjs js r`p`ctè far th` r`dcjgjgl frcd`s jg `cmh LA^'

Ap`g cge Mkasè LA^s

Gaw thct w` bgaw haw J+ ^+ cge O frcd`s cr` aotcjgè+ k`t‚s kaabmkas`ky ct c 30$frcd` LA^ s`qu`gm`9

JOOÔOÔOÔOÔO^ J' Jg thjs s`qu`gm`+ th` fjgck twa O$frcd`sr`qujr` jgfardctjag frad th` pr`vjaus ^$frcd` cge oath th` fakkawjgl^$ cge J$frcd`' \h`r` e`p`ge`gmj`s mrass LA^ oaugecrj`s+ th``gmae`r js scje ta o` l`g`rctjgl Ap`g LA^s' Pgfartugct`ky+ eurjglèjtjgl jf th` LA^ wjth th` J$frcd` js e`k`tè―th` twa O$frcd`s wjkkkas` th` jgfardctjag g`m`sscry ta r`mr`ct` th` 3=th cge 30th vjeàfrcd`s jg th` fjrst LA^'

Uh` fakkawjgl js 6$frcd` Mkasè LA^9 JOOÔO' \jth Mkasè LA^`gmaejgl+ th` kcst O$frcd`s hcv` agky c ocmbwcre e`p`ge`gmy' MkasèLA^s ea gat e`p`ge ag th` g`xt frcd`'





MO_ cge VO_

\h`g r`marejgl js dce` ta tcp`+ th` ectc$rct` dust r`dcjg magstcgt+cs oath th` tcp`$sp`è cge h`ce$sp`è cr` magstcgt' Uhjs r`qujr`s cg`gmae`r ta l`g`rct` c fjxè ectc$rct` ga dctt`r th` jdcl` vcrjctjagswjthjg th` jgmadjgl s`rj`s af vjeà frcd`s'

\h`g cg `gmae`r cmmadpkjsh`s thjs+ jt js scje ta o` usjgl Magstcgt Ojt_ct` (MO_* `gmaejgl' Jg r`ckjty+ `v`g wh`g usjgl MO_ `gmaejgl jt jsg`m`sscry ta hcv` c ouff`r ta sdaath th` ectc$rct` `v`g dar` o`far`r`marejgl' \h`g MO_ `gmaejgl js gat r`qujrè+ Vcrjcok` Ojt _ct` (VO_*mcg o` usè' VO_ `gmaejgl+ th`r`far`+ js dar` `ffjmj`gt'

VO_ Ouff`r

HEV+ o`mcus` jt js wrjtt`g ta tcp`+ `dpkays MO_ (Magstcgt Ojt _ct`*`gmaejgl' Uh` `gmae`r+ th`r`far`+ b``ps jts autput ectc rct` csmagstcgt cs passjok`' Ua d``t thjs lack+ jt wjkk scmrjfjm` jdcl` quckjty―oy jgmr`csjgl madpr`ssjag―wh`g pr`s`gtè wjth c madpk`x frcd`'Kjb`wjs`+ jt wjkk e`mr`cs` madpr`ssjag―whjmh jgmr`cs`s jdcl`quckjty―wh`g`v`r c frcd` js sjdpk` ta `gmae`'

Aovjausky+ e`spjt` cg `gmae`r‚s o`st `ffarts+ th`r` js ga wcy ta autputc truky magstcgt ojt$rct`' Uh`r`far`+ th` `gmae`r‚s autput js fè jgta c

FJFA (Fjrst Jg Fjrst Aut* ouff`r' (Uhjs js th` ‛VO_ ouff`r'—* Uh`r`marejgl syst`d th`g pukks ectc frad th` ouff`r ct c magstcgt rct`'Uh` lack js ta pr`v`gt ouff`r av`rfkaw ar ouff`r uge`rfkaw'

J$frcd`s push+ r`kctjv` ta ^$ cge O$frcd`s+ c hul` qucgtjty af ectcjgta th` ouff`r' Gardckky+ th`s` p`cbs cr` sdaathè oy th` ^$ cge O$frcd`s thct ammur o`far` th` g`xt J$frcd`' \h`g`v`r J$frcd`s ammurtaa fr`qu`gtky+ th` ouff`r mcg av`rfkaw'

Ag` wcy ta pr`v`gt thjs `rrar js ta ceiust th` VO_ k`v`ks af th` frad$str`cd cge ta$str`cd sa th` r`suktjgl trcgspart str`cd wjkk gat suff`rav`rfkaw+ uge`rfkaw+ ar ath`r uge`sjrcok` ouff`r d`dary o`hcvjar'— Zau mcg thjgb af thjs pram`ss cs c f`èocmb kaap thct ceiusts `gmae`rmadpr`ssjag k`v`k ocsè upag murr`gt VO_ ouff`r ‛fukkg`ss'—

C dae`k js usè ta v`rjfy thct th` ojtstr`cd d`dary r`qujrè ct thè`mae`r ea`s gat `xm`è th` vcku`s sp`mjfjè far th` marr`spagejglD^@L$? ^rafjk` cge K`v`k'

D^@L Suckjty E`sjlgctjags

Gaw thct th` `gmaejgl pram`ss hcs o``g mkcrjfjè―jt js tjd` tajgmr`cs` th` e`pth af aur uge`rstcgejgl af D^@L$? quckjty' ]a fcr+ Jhcv` tckbè coaut D^@L$? cs thaulh jt w`r` c sjglk` t`mhgakaly kjb`

I^@L madpr`ssjag' Jg fcmt+ th`r` cr` dcgy typ`s af D^@L$? `gmaejgl+`cmh e`fjgjgl c ejff`r`gt quckjty' Jf w` kaab ct EV madpr`ssjag jts`kf―gat th` d`thaes af r`marejgl―th`r` cr` thr`` vcrjcgts9 EV?0+ EV0>+cge EV3>>'

\` bgaw thct EV?0 hcs thr`` mhcrcmt`rjstjms' Uh` mhradc scdpkjgl+wjth GU]M+ js 59393' Uh` madpr`ssjag fcmtar js 093' Cge+ th` ectc rct`js ?0Dops (='0DO!s`m*' \jth EV0>+ c hjlh`r quckjty k`v`k js`stcokjshè' Makar scdpkjgl js jdpravè ta 59?9?' Madpr`ssjag jse`mr`csè ta agky ='=93' Oath af th`s` `ghcgm`d`gts jgmr`cs` th`

r`qujrè ectc rct` ta 0>Dops (<DO!s`m*'D^@L$? cksa hcs duktjpk` quckjty k`v`ks+ cge th`s` k`v`ks hcv` cmadpk`x r`kctjag wjth `cmh ath`r' Uh` r`kctjagshjp js c hj`rcrmhjmckag`' Magsje`r thr`` typ`s af D^@L$?9 C+ O+ cge M' C e`mae`r thct mcgcmm`pt typ` C+ g`è gat cmm`pt typ` O cge M' C e`mae`r thct hcgek`s Odust cmm`pt oath C cge O' Daràv`r+ cs yau wauke `xp`mt+ c Me`mae`r dust cmm`pt C+ O+ cge M'

D^@L$? quckjty js gat e`fjgè cs sjdpky cs e`sjlgctè cs C+ O+ cge M'_cth`r thcg c sjdpk` kjg`cr e`sjlgctjag smh`d`+ c twa$ejd`gsjagck

e`fjgjtjag js utjkjzè' Uh` fjrst ejd`gsjag js th` `gmaejgl ^rafjk`'

D^@L$? ^rafjk`

C prafjk` e`fjg`s haw madpk`x th` `gmaejgl js' U`mhgjmckky+ c prafjk` jsc /e`fjgè suos`t af th` sygtcx af th` sp`mjfjmctjag'/ Jg ath`r wares+ cprafjk` jdpas`s oauges ta haw c ojtstr`cd js l`g`rctè' Uh` Ucokò`kaw e`fjg`s th` s`rj`s af D^@L$? prafjk`s'

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Uh` prafjk`s w` cr` jgt`r`stè jg cr` thas` thct wjkk o` usè far dcbjgl

c EVE cge thas` usè far HE' Dcjg^rafjk` js usè far EVE+ HEV+ cgeCU]M vjeà' Jt us`s 59?9> vjeà scdpkjgl'

59?9> ]cdpkjgl

C vjeà sjlgck mcrrj`s orjlhtg`ss jgfardctjag+ mckkè kudjgcgm` arkudc+ pkus makar jgfardctjag+ mckkè mhradjgcgm` ar mhradc' Oath kudccge mhradc cr` madputè frad th` _è+ Lr``g+ cge Oku` MME autput'

Kudjgcgm` js madputè oy9 Z 4 >'?::_ " >'08<L " >'335O'

Cs w` mcg s`` o`kaw+ `v`ry pjx`k ag `v`ry kjg` magtrjout`s ta c Z

vcku`' Uh`s` ejclrcds cssud` th` jdcl` js frad c pralr`ssjv`smcggè s`gsar'

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Uh` Oku` ejff`r`gm` sjlgck js madputè oy djxjgl th` Oku` sjlgck wjthcg jgv`rtè kudc sjlgck9 Mo 4 O ” Z'









Uh` _è ejff`r`gm` sjlgck js madputè oy djxjgl th` _è sjlgck wjthcg jgv`rtè kudc sjlgck9 Mr 4 _ ” Z '









Far 59?9> vjeà+ Mo vcku`s cr` aotcjgè oy ejsmcrejgl `v`ry ath`r Mo vcku` wjthjg th` aee raws af pralr`ssjv` vjeà'

Mo Mo Mo Mo Mo

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Far 59?9> vjeà+ Mr vcku`s cr` aotcjgè oy ejsmcrejgl `v`ry ath`r Mr vcku` wjthjg th` `v`g raws af pralr`ssjv` vjeà'

Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr

Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr

Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr

Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr

Uh` Mhcrt o`kaw shaws c frcd` af pralr`ssjv` vjeà'

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Uh` Mhcrt ea`s gat magv`y thct `cmh Mo!Mr scdpk` wcs aotcjgè oycv`rcljgl th` Mo!Mr scdpk`s frad raws coav` cge o`kaw th` Z scdpk`' Gar ea`s jt magv`y thct `cmh Mo!Mr scdpk` wcs aotcjgè oy

cv`rcljgl th` Mo!Mr scdpk`s frad makudgs ta `cmh sje` af th` Z scdpk`' Uh`r`far`+ eawg magv`rsjag gat agky r`sukts jg c kass af mhradc r`sakutjag (ocgewjeth* jt cksa jgtraeum`s mhradc spctjck `rrar'

@cmh Mo!Mr scdpk` js gaw pasjtjagè harjzagtckky cge v`rtjmckkydjewcy o`tw``g vjeà kjg`s cge makudgs'

Uyp`s af @gmaejgl

Uh` D^@L$? sp`mjfjmctjag ckkaws vjeà ta o` `gmaeè jg twa wcys9 oy ‛frcd`— ar oy ‛fj`ke'— Daràv`r+ cg `gmae`r mcg swjtmh o`tw``g th`s`dae`s whjk` r`marejgl' Far `xcdpk`+ wh`g `gmaejgl jgt`rkcm` vjeà jf th`r` cr` f`w ejff`r`gm`s o`tw``g fj`kes+ th` fj`kes mcg o` madojgè jgc frcd` cge `gmaeè' Frcd` `gmaejgl js dar` `ffjmj`gt sa th`r` js cgcevcgtcl` ta dcbjgl th` swjtmh' @gmae`rs thct mcg p`rfard swjtmhjglhcv` datjag$s`gsjgl kaljm thct madpcr`s fj`kes' Haw`v`r+ jgt`rkcm`

fj`kes mcg o` madojgè jgta c frcd` cge `gmaeè'

D^@L$? e`vjm`s sumh cs EVEs+ `gmae` vjeà usjgl fj`kes ar oath fj`kescge frcd`s' Uypjmckky+ datjag s`gsjgl kaljm d`csur`s th` jgt`r$fj`kedatjag9 jf jt js kaw+ frcd` `gmaejgl js usè whjk` jf jt js hjlh+ fj`ke`gmaejgl js `dpkayè'

HEV `gmae`s oath <?>p cge 3>8>j vjeà cs c frcd`' Eurjgl `gmaejgl+th` D^@L$? ‛pjmtur`Qstrumtur`— fkcl js s`t ta F_CD@'

Jf th` vjeà js <?>p?5+ <?>p?0+ <?>p=>+ <?>p0>+ <?>p6>+ 3>8>p?5+

3>8>j6>!?5p+ 3>8>p?0+ 3>8>j0>!?0p+ 3>8>p=>+ 3>8>j6>!=>p+ th`/pralr`ssjv`Qfrcd`/ fkcl js s`t U_P@―ath`rwjs` jt js s`t FCK]@'

Eurjgl magv`rsjag ta 59?9>+ mhradc r`sakutjag js rèumè oy hckf' FarFrcd`$`gmaeè vjeà+ thjs rèumtjag―far c 3>8>$kjg` frcd`―yj`kes c05>$kjg` Mo!Mr mhradc mhcgg`k'

Eurjgl pkcyocmb+ th` ‛pjmtur`Qstrumtur`— fkcl js mh`mbè cge jf jt jsF_CD@―th` `gtjr` frcd` js e`maeè' Cft`r e`maejgl+ 59?9> jsmagv`rtè ta 59?9? oy ‛mhradc upscdpkjgl— whjmh js g`m`sscry sa cmcdmare`r ar VU_ mcg autput cgckal cge!ar ejljtck vjeà' Uhjs jso`mcus` th` e`mae`r‚s autput mjrmujt r`qujr`s c kjg` af mhradc (oathMo cge Mr * far `v`ry kjg` af kudc ( Z*'

F_CD@ @gmaejgl far Jgt`rkcm` Vjeà

HE? `gmae`s 3>8>j vjeà cs c frcd` magtcjgjgl 3>8>$kjg`s' Far`gmaejgl+ oath 05>$kjg` vjeà fj`kes cr` kaceè jgta c 3>8>$kjg` ouff`r'Uh` aee fj`ke js pkcmè jgta th` ouff`r‚s aee kjg`s whjk` th` `v`g fj`ke js





pkcmè jgta th` ouff`r‚s `v`g kjg`s' Uh`g th` 59595 sjlgck jseawgmagv`rtè ta 59?9>'

C F_CD@ jgt`rkcmè kudc ( Z* 59595 sjlgck js shawg o`kaw'

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Uh` Oku` 59595 sjlgck js shawg o`kaw'







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Uh` _è 59595 sjlgck js shawg o`kaw'









Uh` r`suktjgl 59?9> frcd` js shawg o`kaw'

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Uh` Mhcrt ea`s gat magv`y thct `cmh Mo!Mr scdpk` wcs aotcjgè oycv`rcljgl th` Mo!Mr scdpk`s frad raws coav` cge o`kaw th` Z scdpk`' Gar ea`s jt magv`y thct `cmh Mo!Mr scdpk` wcs aotcjgè oycv`rcljgl th` Mo!Mr scdpk`s frad makudgs ta `cmh sje` af th` Z scdpk`' Uh`r`far`+ eawg magv`rsjag gat agky r`sukts jg c kass af mhradc r`sakutjag (ocgewjeth* jt cksa jgtraeum`s mhradc spctjck `rrar'

@cmh Mo!Mr scdpk` js gaw pasjtjagè harjzagtckky cge v`rtjmckkydjewcy o`tw``g vjeà kjg`s cge makudgs'

Eurjgl `gmaejgl+ th` D^@L$? ‛pjmtur`Qstrumtur`— fkcl js s`t ta F_CD@'Jf th` vjeà js <?>p?5+ <?>p?0+ <?>p=>+ <?>p0>+ <?>p6>+ 3>8>p?5+3>8>p?0+ 3>8>p=>+ th` /pralr`ssjv`Qfrcd`/ fkcl js s`t U_P@―ath`rwjs` jt js s`t FCK]@'

Eurjgl magv`rsjag ta 59?9>+ mhradc r`sakutjag js rèumè oy hckf' FarFrcd`$`gmaeè vjeà+ thjs rèumtjag―far c 3>8>$kjg` frcd`―yj`kes c05>$kjg` Mo!Mr mhradc mhcgg`k'

D^@L$? Fkcls far ?$= ûkkeawg

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\h`g th` ‛r`p`ctQfjrstQfj`ke— js s`t ta U_P@+ th` e`mae`r l`g`rct`sthr`` fj`kes frad thjs frcd`+ rcth`r thcg twa' Uh` e`mae`r pkcys cfj`ke+ th`g th` g`xt fj`ke+ th`g th` pr`vjaus fj`ke clcjg'

\h`g ‛tapQfj`keQfjrst— 4 U_P@+ th` e`mae`r autputs th` aee fj`ke fjrst'(Uhjs fkcl mauke cksa o` usè wjth 3>8>p?5+ 3>8>j0>!?0p+ cge3>8>j6>!=>p'* \h`g ‛tapQfj`keQfjrst— 4 FCK]@+ th` e`mae`r autputs

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Eurjgl pkcyocmb+ th` ‛pjmtur`Qstrumtur`— fkcl js mh`mbè cge jf jt js

F_CD@―th` `gtjr` frcd` js e`maeè' Cft`r e`maejgl+ 59?9> jsmagv`rtè ta 59?9? (ar 59595* oy ‛mhradc upscdpkjgl— whjmh jsg`m`sscry sa c mcdmare`r ar VU_ mcg autput cgckal cge!ar ejljtckvjeà' Uh` e`mae`r‚s autput mjrmujt r`qujr`s c kjg` af mhradc (oath Mo cge Mr * far `v`ry kjg` af kudc ( Z*' \h`g th` ‛pjmtur`Qstrumtur`— fkcl jsF_CD@+ mhradc upscdpkjgl utjkjz`s ckk kjg`s jg th` frcd`'

Mhradc upscdpkjgl js usè wh`g+ gctjv` HEV js magv`rtè taugmadpr`ssè vjeà far pkcyocmb cge!ar sp`mjck `ff`mts r`ge`rjgl'Mhradc upscdpkjgl js cksa usè wh`g HEV js magv`rtè ta cgjgt`rdèjct` mae`m prjar ta èjtjgl'

Jgt`rkcm` FJ@KE @gmaejgl

D^@L$? ocsè dèjc sumh cs GU]M+ ^CK+ cge hjlh e`fjgjtjag EVEs+`gmae` vjeà usjgl frcd`s ar fj`kes ar oath fj`kes cge frcd`s' (Frcd`jgt`rkcmjgl js e`smrjoè coav`'*





Jgt`rkcm` fj`ke `gmaejgl+ o`ljgs wjth cg jgt`rkcm`e kudc ( Z* sjlgck csshawg o`kaw' Fjrst+ th` kudc aee fj`ke'

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Cg jgt`rkcm`e Oku` 59595 sjlgck js shawg o`kaw' Fjrst+ th` Oku` aeefj`ke'









Gaw+ th` Oku` `v`g fj`ke'





Cg jgt`rkcmè _è 59595 sjlgck js shawg o`kaw' Fjrst+ th` _è aee fj`ke'





Gaw+ th` _è `v`g fj`ke'





Oath 05>$kjg` vjeà fj`kes cr` kaceè jgta c 3>8>$kjg` ouff`r' Uh` aeefj`ke js pkcmè jgta th` ouff`r‚s aee kjg`s whjk` th` `v`g fj`ke js pkcmèjgta th` ouff`r‚s `v`g kjg`s' Uh`g aee cge `v`g kjg`s cr` pram`ssès`pcrct`ky―cs fj`kes' Far `cmh 05>$kjg` fj`ke+ th` 59595 sjlgck jsmagv`rtè ta 59?9> prjar ta `gmaejgl'





Uh` Mhcrt o`kaw shaws cg aee fj`ke af 59?9> jgt`rkcmè vjeà'

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Uh` Mhcrt ea`s gat magv`y thct `cmh Mo scdpk` wcs aotcjgè oycv`rcljgl th` Mo scdpk`s frad raws coav` cge o`kaw th` Z scdpk`'Gar ea`s jt magv`y thct `cmh Mo scdpk` wcs aotcjgè oy cv`rcljglth` Mo scdpk`s frad makudgs ta `cmh sje` af th` Z scdpk`' Uh` eawgmagv`rsjag+ th`r`far`+ gat agky r`sukts jg c kass af mhradc r`sakutjag(ocgewjeth* jt cksa jgtraeum`s mhradc spctjck `rrar'

@cmh Mo scdpk` js pasjtjagè harjzagtckky cge v`rtjmckky djewcyo`tw``g vjeà kjg`s cge makudgs'





Cg `v`g fj`ke af jgt`rkcmè 59?9> vjeà js shawg o`kaw'

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Clcjg+ th` Mhcrt ea`s gat magv`y thct Mr scdpk` w`r` aotcjgè oycv`rcljgl Mr scdpk`s frad raws coav` cge o`kaw th` Z scdpk`' Garea`s jt magv`y thct Mr scdpk`s w`r` aotcjgè oy cv`rcljgl th` Mr scdpk`s frad makudgs ag `cmh sje` af th` Z scdpk`' @cmh Mr scdpk`js pasjtjagè harjzagtckky cge v`rtjmckky djewcy o`tw``g vjeà kjg`scge makudgs'

Eurjgl `gmaejgl+ th` D^@L$? th` ‛pjmtur`Qstrumtur`— fkcl dust o` s`tta `jth`r UA^ FJ@KE (upp`r 05>$kjg`s* ar OAUUAD FJ@KE (kaw`r 05>$kjg`s*+ cs cppraprjct`' Ckthaulh `cmh fj`ke js `gmaeè s`pcrct`ky+ th``gtjr` ‛frcd`— o`mad`s cg J+ O+ ar ^$frcd` cge r`mareè'

Jf th` vjeà js 3>8>j0> cge 3>8>j6>+ th` /pralr`ssjv`Qfrcd`/ fkcl jss`t FCK]@'

Eurjgl pkcyocmb+ th` ‛pjmtur`Qstrumtur`— fkcl js mh`mbè cge jf jt js cUA^ FJ@KE ar OAUUAD FJ@KE+ `cmh fj`ke js jgejvjeuckky e`maeè' Cft`re`maejgl+ fj`kes cr` ejspkcyè oy cg jgt`rkcm` e`vjm`+ sumh cs c M_U+ jgc fj`ke$oy$fj`ke dcgg`r' \h`g+ haw`v`r+ th`y cr` ejspkcyè ag cgypralr`ssjv` e`vjm`+ th` 05>$kjg` fj`kes shauke―out dcy gat―o`

madojgè jgta ag` 3>8>$kjg` frcd`' Uhjs frcd` js pr`s`gtè ct 0>Hz ar6>Hz'

Jgt`rkcm` Mhradc @rrar (JM@*

Eurjgl magv`rsjag ta 59?9>+ mhradc r`sakutjag js rèumè oy hckf' Far

pralr`ssjv` vjeà+ thjs rèumtjag―far c 3>8>$kjg` frcd`―yj`kes c 05>$kjg` Mo !Mr mhradc mhcgg`k' Far jgt`rkcmè vjeà+ th` magv`rsjag jsp`rfardè s`pcrct`ky far aee cge `v`g kjg`s' Uh`r`far`+ th` Mo !Mrmhradc mhcgg`k js mcrrjè cs twa s`pcrct` jgt`rk`cvè Mo !Mr mhradcmhcgg`ks' Uh` aee fj`ke hcs ag` mhcgg`k cge th` `v`g fj`ke hcs thàth`r' @cmh mhcgg`k hcs agky ?<>$kjg`s af mhradc r`sakutjag' Uamagv`rt 59?9> ta 59?9? vjeà+ th` 05>$kjg`s ar ?<>$kjg`s dust oùpscdpkè ta fard ag` 3>8>$kjg` frcd` ar twa 05>$kjg` mhradc fj`kes'

Uh` jgt`rkcm` upscdpkjgl pram`ss us`s ag` af s`v`rck /o`st lu`ss/strct`lj`s' Jf th` scd` strct`ly js usè far oath fj`kes+ `rrars r`sukt

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Uh`s` `rrars mr`ct` mhradc crtjfcmts ag èl` magtaurs+ `sp`mjckkyejclagcks' \h`g th` twa fj`kes cr` kct`r madojgè oy c e`jgt`rkcm`r+th` lrcectjags cge magtaurs af `cmh fj`ke ea gat dctmh th` lrcectjagscge magtaurs frad th` ath`r fj`ke' \jth datjag vjeà+ yau‚kk kjb`ky gatgatjm` th` djss$dctmh' Haw`v`r+ ag th` ejclagck èl`s af stctjmorjlht$makarè aoi`mts+ yau mcg gatjm` Jgt`rkcm` Mhradc @rrar (JM@*'





Uh`r`far`+ `v`g wh`g ckk D^@L$? fkcls cr` usè marr`mtky+ D^@L$?jgt`rkcm` vjeà (/pralr`ssjv`Qfrcd`/ fkcl s`t FCK]@* jgh`r`gtky suff`rsfrad Jgt`rkcm` Mhradc @rrar (JM@*' Uh` o`st sakutjag js ta cppky c kaw$pcss fjkt`r ta th` r`magstrumtè 59?9? mhradc sjlgck' Uh` fjkt`r‚s mut$aff fr`qu`gmy js s`t ta dctmh th` ocgewjeth af th` 59?9> mhradc sjlgck' Jt

ea`s ga r`ck ecdcl` ta mhradc r`sakutjag o`mcus` jt wcs ckr`cey kastjg th` eawg$magv`rt ta 59?9>'





59?9? ]cdpkjgl

Far HE praeumtjag+ th` 59?9?^rafjk` supparts+ cs yau djlht lu`ss+59?9? mhradc scdpkjgl' (Jt js aft`g mckk`e ]tueja^rafjk` cge js gag$hj`rcrmhjmck'*

Uh` Mhcrt o`kaw shaws 59?9? scdpkjgl'

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Far `cmh+ prafjk` th`r` js c s`rj`s af K`v`ks'

D^@L$? K`v`k

C k`v`k e`fjg`s ‛s`t af magstrcjgts ag th` vcku`s whjmh dcy o` tcb`goy th` pcrcd`t`rs af th` sp`mjfjmctjag wjthjg c pcrtjmukcr prafjk`'/ UhÙcok` o`kaw e`fjg`s th` s`rj`s af D^@L$? k`v`ks'

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âssjok` J$frcdàgky XEMCD HE

ct 3>>Dops

âssjok` J$frcdàgky XEMCD HE59?9? ct 35>Dops

\h`g w` `gmae` c EVE+ w` cr` usjgl Dcjg^rafjk`NDcjgK`v`k(D^NDK* D^@L$?' \h`g shaatjgl wjth ]agy‚s JDX+ w` cr` usjgl59?9?^rafjk`NDcjgK`v`k (5??^NDK*'

Dcjg^rafjk`NHjlhK`v`k (D^NHK* js `dpkayè far CU]M oracemcsts'(Pgfartugct`ky+ sad` EO] cge mcok` syst`ds e`mae`Dcjg^rafjk`NHjlhK`v`k cge r`mae` jt jg Dcjg^rafjk`NHjlh355> tamags`rv` ocgewjeth'* HEV `dpkays Dcjg^rafjk`NHjlh355> (D^NH$35*D^@L$?'

\h`g ]agy cge IVM tckb coaut cevcgmè D^@L$? HE fardcts+ th`yhcv` s`v`rck aptjags' Ag` aptjag js ta us` Dcjg^rafjk`NHjlh355>(HEV* cge jgmr`cs` th` ectc$rct` up ta 6>Dops' Uhjs wauke lr`ctkyrèum` crtjfcmts wh`g warbjgl wjth <?>p0>+ <?>p6>+ 3>8>j0>+ cge3>8>j6>' _`d`do`r+ wh`g 3>8>p0> cge 3>8>p6> mcdmare`rs crrjv`+

th`y wjkk f`è twjm` th` ectc jgta th` `gmae`r'

Ckt`rgct`ky+ 59?9?^rafjk`NHjlh355> (5??^NH$35* mauke o` `dpkayè'Uh` cevcgtcl` far praeumtjag js 59?9? mhradc scdpkjgl' Daràv`r+ cectc$rct` af up ta 8>Dops js suppartè'

Ga dctt`r whct th` futur` hakes+ th`r` cr` duktjpk` ^rafjk`s cge K`v`kscvcjkcok` far v`ry hjlh quckjty D^@L$? `gmaejgl' Cs th`s` aptjags crùsè+ yau mcg us` Ucok` coav` ta o`tt`r uge`rstcge th` gctur` af th`D^@L$? o`jgl `dpkayè'

D^@L$3 Cueja

Uh` warke hcs o``g trcgsfardè oy th` jgtraeumtjag af p`rm`ptuckcueja maejgl t`mhgjqu`s' ^`rm`ptuck mae`rs r`ky upag t`mhgjqu`se`v`kapè uge`r th` D^@L udor`kkc' Uh` fjrst prapascks far cuejamaejgl w`r` lr``tè wjth suspjmjag' Jt s``dè jdpassjok` ta sctjsfylake`g `cr kjst`g`rs whjk` e`k`tjgl 8>$p`rm`gt ar dar` af th` ejljtckcueja ectc' Jg r`spags`+ th` Datjag ^jmtur`s @xp`rts Lraup (D^@L*wcs fardè+ cge sjgm` 3:88+ th` lraup hcs o``g warbjgl ag th`

stcgecrejzctjag af hjlh quckjty kaw ojt rct` cueja maejgl'

Uhr`` stcgecres hcv` o``g madpk`tè9 D^@L$3 (maejgl af daga cgest`rà sjlgcks ct scdpkjgl rct`s af =?+ 55'3 cge 58 bHz*2 D^@L$?(maejgl af 0"3 duktj$mhcgg`k sauge sjlgcks cge kaw ojt rct` maejgl af daga cge st`rà cueja ct scdpkjgl rct`s af 36+ ??'>0 cge ?5 bHz*2cge th` kct`st stcgecre+ D^@L$5 (J]A!J@M 355:6*' Jg 3::<+ cgath`r





cklarjthd+ Cevcgmè Cueja Maejgl (CCM* wcs ceeè ta th` D^@Lstcgecre'

Ckk af th` D^@L mae`ms r`ky upag cmaustjm dcsbjgl prjgmjpk`―cgcdczjgl prap`rty af th` hudcg curck p`rm`ptjag syst`d' \h`g c

tag`―mckkè c dcsb`r―js pr`s`gtè ct c pcrtjmukcr fr`qu`gmy+ w` crùgcok` ta p`rm`jv` cueja ct g`croy fr`qu`gmj`s thct cr` suffjmj`gtky kawjg vakud`'

Cs c r`sukt+ jt js gat g`m`sscry ta us` pr`mjaus ojts ta `gmae` th`s`jgcuejok`+ dcsbè fr`qu`gmj`s' Jg p`rm`ptuck mae`rs+ c fjkt`r ocgbejvje`s th` cueja jgta duktjpk` ocges' \h`g cueja jg c pcrtjmukcr ocgefckks o`kaw th` dcsbjgl thr`shake+ f`w ar ga ojts cr` e`vatè ta`gmaejgl thct sjlgck+ r`suktjgl jg c mags`rvctjag af ojts thct mcg th`go` usè far th` ocges wh`r` th`y cr` g`èè'

Kcy`r ? E`smrjptjagUh` D^@L$3 Cueja Kcy`r ? madpr`ssjag cklarjthd+ maddagky mckkèKcy`r ?+ hcs o`mad` cg jgt`rgctjagckky cmbgawkèlè stcgecre farhjlh$quckjty ejljtck e`kjv`ry af cueja crauge th` warke sjgm` 3::?'

Uh` D^@L$3 Cueja Kcy`r ? stcgecre e`fjg`s th` ojt str`cd sygtcx cgeth` e`mae`r sp`mjfjmctjags' Uh` `gmae`r,s ap`g crmhjt`mtur` ckkawsmagtjguaus jdprav`d`gts cge `csjky cmmaddaect`s cppkjmctjag$sp`mjfjm r`qujr`d`gts'

D^@L$? ]tr`cds

Vjeà @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd

@gmaeè vjeà frcd`s cr` css`dokè jgta c Vjeà @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd'C h`ce`r s`v`rck oyt`s kagl pr`mè`s `cmh str`cd af ectc oyt`s' Uhjsh`ce`r e`fjg`s th` gctur` af th` ectc thct wjkk fakkaw' Far `xcdpk`+ jtsfrcd`$sjz`+ frcd`$rct`+ cge csp`mt$rctja'

Zau dcy gatjm` wh`g warbjgl wjth D^@L$? thct jt mcg tcb` cwhjk`

o`far` cg jdcl` o`mad`s cvcjkcok`' Eurjgl yaur wcjt+ saftwcr` jss`crmhjgl th` oyt`$str`cd `xcdjgjgl h`ce`r jgfardctjag' Uhjs js v`ryejff`r`gt frad EV wh`r` th` pcrcd`t`rs cr` typjmckky starè ct th`h`ce af th` fjk`'





Cueja @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd

Ejljtck cueja mcg o` `gmaeè usjgl s`v`rck t`mhgakalj`s' Ag` maddagd`thae js ta us` ‛D^@L$3 Kcy`r JJ— `gmaejgl―c pr`mursar ta D^=cueja' CM$= (Eakoy Ejljtck ?'> st`rà ar 0'3 surrauge sauge* cge EU]cr` ath`r `gmaejgl smh`d`s' Af maurs`+ th` ejljtck ectc mcg o` s`gt cs^MD ectc' Frad cgy saurm` af ejljtck cueja+ s`v`rck Cueja @k`d`gtcry]tr`cds (`cmh wjth th` cppraprjct` h`ce`r oyt`s* mcg o` l`g`rctè'

]tr`cds jgta ^cmb`ts

@k`d`gtcry cueja cge vjeà str`cds mcg o` pcmb`tjzè usjgl thr``t`mhgjqu`s9 ^ralrcd ]tr`cd+ Urcgspart ]tr`cd+ cge ^cmb`tjzè@k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd'

^ralrcd ]tr`cd―^]\h`r` th` str`cds wjkk o` mcrrjè ag c hjlhky r`kjcok` dèjc sumh csaptjmck ejsm―c ^ralrcd ]tr`cd mcg o` utjkjzè' EVEs+ th`r`far`+ us`^ralrcd ]tr`cd pcmb`ts' Far thjs r`csag+ th` vcst dciarjty af saftwcr` D^@L$? mae`ms cge pkcy`rs pkcyocmb agky ^ralrcd ]tr`cds'

Urcgspart ]tr`cd―U]

Oracemcst cge tcp`$ocsè e`kjv`ry syst`ds cr` prag` ta erapauts' Uh`sakutjag js c dar` raoust pcmb`t thct `gcok`s r`mav`ry frad erapauts'

]p`mjfjmckky+ c Urcgspart ]tr`cd magsjsts af c s`qu`gm` af fjxè sjzètrcgspart pcmb`ts af 388$oyt`s'

^cmb`tjzè ]tr`cd―^@]

C ^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd (^@]* magsjsts af c sjglk` @k`d`gtcry]tr`cd thct hcs o``g kaceè jgta pcmb`ts+ `cmh stcrtjgl wjth c pcmb`th`ce`r' C ^@] str`cd magtcjgs agky ag` typ` af ectc frad ag` saurm`+`'l' frad ag` vjeà ar cueja `gmae`r' Uh`r`far`+ dast dèjc hcs twa^@] str`cds thct cr` jgt`rk`cvè wjth `cmh ath`r'

^@] pcmb`ts hcv` vcrjcok` k`glth' \h`g trcgspart pcmb`ts cr` fardèfrad c ^@] str`cd+ th` 6$oyt` ^@] h`ce`r js pkcmè ct th` o`ljggjglaf c trcgspart pcmb`t pcykace+ jddèjct`ky fakkawjgl th` trcgspartpcmb`t h`ce`r' Uh` r`dcjgjgl ^@] pcmb`t magt`gt fjkks th` pcykaces af summ`ssjv` trcgspart pcmb`ts ugtjk th` ^@] pcmb`t hcs o``g usè'

Mhcpt`r =9 Ckk Coaut HEV

Ag Iuky >5+ ?>>=―cg cuspjmjaus ect` far c fardct thct fr``s us frad

th` warke af ]E cge GU]M!^CK―Mcgag+ ]hcrp+ ]agy+ cge Vjmtar

Madpcgy af Icpcg (IVM* cggaugmè c iajgt prapasck af ocsjm sp`mjfjmctjags far th` ‛HEV— fardct' Uh` sp`mjfjmctjag e`smrjo`s th`

r`marejgl cge pkcyocmb af hjlh$e`fjgjtjag vjeà ag EV mcss`tt` tcp`s'

Uh` HEV fardct pravje`s suppart far oath <?>p cge 3>8>j' Jt cksasupparts oath _`ljag 0> cge _`ljag 6> frcd`$rct`s' _`ljag 6>suppart jgmkue`s <?>p=> cge 3>8>j6>' _`ljag 0> suppart jgmkue`s

<?>p?0 cge 3>8>j0>'

IVM hcs `xpcgeè th` arjljgck HEV sp`mjfjmctjag jg c g`w fardct jt mckks ‛^raHEV'— ^raHE supparts <?>p?5+ <?>p0>+ cge <?>p6>'

HE Ectc _ct`s

Uh` FMM kjdjts EUV (8$V]O* ocgewjeth ta 6DHz+ whjmh ckkaws cdcxjdud ectc rct` af 3:'5Dops' Urcgspart ]tr`cd magtrak ectcr`qujr`s 3'?Dops' Uhus+ th` dcxjdud cueja pkus vjeà ectc rct` far cpralrcd js kjdjtè ta 38'?Dops' Uh` CM$= (Eakoy Ejljtck* ectc rct` js=85bops' Uh`r`far`+ vjeà js kjdjtè ta 3<'8Dops'

Uhus+ 3>8>j vjeà uge`rla`s c ojt$rct` rèumtjag ta 3<'8Dops prjar taoracemcst' Ojt$rct` rèumtjag js cmmadpkjshè oy D^@L$? madpr`ssjag'(Uh` ojt$rèumtjag rctja far CU]M 3>8>j+ wjth jts 59?9> makar scdpkjgl+js cppraxjdct`ky =093'*

Psjgl th` scd` =093 ojt$rèumtjag rctja+ th` <?>p6> vjeà ectc rct` jsagky 30'6Dops' Uh` CM$= (Eakoy Ejljtck* ectc rct` js =85Bops' Uhus+ cdcxjdud cueja pkus vjeà ectc rct` af 30':8Dops' Ceejgl thÙrcgspart ]tr`cd,s 3'?Dops yj`kes c pralrcd ectc rct` af 3<'?Dops'Gat` thct c ectc rct` 3<'?Dops k`cv`s c ?'?Dops far c s`mage kaw$quckjty ]E suo$mhcgg`k wjthjg c 3:'5Dops oracemcst' Uhjs js ag` af th`

jgh`r`gt cevcgtcl`s af <?>p'

Madpr`ssjag rctjas mcg o` jgmr`csè ar e`mr`csè ocsè upagcppkjmctjag r`qujr`d`gts' Far `xcdpk`+ <?>p6> oracemcst pralrcdectc rct`s mcg rcgl` frad 30'?Dops (ckkawjgl c hjlh$quckjty ]Eduktjmcst ct 5Dops ]EUV suo$mhcgg`k* up ta 3<'8Dops wh`r` jt us`sth` fukk 6DHz mhcgg`k'

3>8>j6> CU]M <?>p6> CU]M

^jx`ks 3:?> 3>8> 3?8> <?>

F^] ?:':< 0:':5

Vjeà Ojt$rct` 3<'8Dops 30'6Dops

LA^ K`glth 30 30

Ojt$rct`_èumtjag

_ctja=093 =093

HEV D^@L$? Vjeà

Uh` HEV fardct sp`mjfj`s th` ectc r`marejgl af D^@L$? madpr`ssèhjlh$e`fjgjtjag sjlgcks' O`mcus` th` g`w fardct `dpkays th` scd`

mcss`tt` mcs`+ tcp` sp`è+ cge trcmb pjtmh cs th` EV fardct+ jt mcgutjkjz` d`mhcgjmck pcrts ocsè ag th` EV fardct' Jg fcmt+ th` kco`k HEVmcg agky o` cppkjè ta praeumts thct r`mare ta EV tcp`'

HEV `dpkays Dcjg^rafjk`NHjlh355> (D^NH$35* D^@L$?' (]``Mhcpt`r ? far cg jg$e`pth jgtraeumtjag ta D^@L$? vjeà'* Uh` scdpkjglspcm` js 59?9>' Uwa spctjck r`sakutjags+ 3?8>x<?> cge 355>x3>8>+ cr`suppartè' Uh` fard`r js mckkè ‛HE3— whjk` th` kctt`r js mckkè ‛HE?'—

HE3

Uh` b`y ta uge`rstcgejgl haw HE3 hcgek`s duktjpk` frcd` rct`s js tauge`rstcge c frcd` dcy `jth`r o` c s`ld`gt af vjeà ectc ar cgD^@L$? _`p`ct Fkcl' C fkcl js typjmckky ag` oyt` af ectc' Oyt` vcku`shcv` sp`mjfjm d`cgjgls' Ag` sumh vcku` sjlgcks c _`p`ct Frcd`'

Duktjpk` Frcd`$rct`s

Uh` b`y ta uge`rstcgejgl haw HE3 hcgek`s duktjpk` frcd` rct`s js tauge`rstcge c frcd` dcy `jth`r o` c s`ld`gt af vjeà ectc ar cgD^@L$? _`p`ct Fkcl' C fkcl js typjmckky ag` oyt` af ectc' Oyt` vcku`shcv` sp`mjfjm d`cgjgls' Ag` sumh vcku` sjlgcks c _`p`ct Frcd`'

?0p cge =>p

Uh` IVM ^raHE mcdmare`rs mcg mcptur` vjeà ct ?:':< frcd`s p`r$s`mage' @v`ry 6 frcd`s cr` `gmaeè jgta ag` 59?9> scdpkè+ D^@L$?+LA^' Uh` r`sukt js HEV wjth 0 LA^s p`r$s`mage'

Jg <?>p?0 cge <?>p=> dae`s+ th` MMEs mcptur` ct 0>Hz cge0:':5Hz+ r`sp`mtjv`ky' @v`ry 6 frcd`s cr` `gmaeè jgta ag` 59?9>

scdpkè+ D^@L$?+ Mkasè LA^ (JOOÔO*' Uh` r`sukt js 0 LA^s p`r$s`mage' Uh` r`mareè tjdòcs` js ?:':<fps (<?>p=>*' C sjdjkcr`gmaejgl pram`ss js usè far <?>p?0'

\h`g th` tcp` js pkcyè+ far cgckal madpag`gt autput+ `cmh frcd` js

e`maeè cge autput twjm`' Uh` r`sukt js <?>p0> ar 3>8>j0> vjeà frad<?>p?0 HEV cge <?>p05':5 ar 3>8>j0:':5 vjeà frad <?>p=> HEV'

HEV j'KJGB autput js ct `jth`r <?>p?0 ar <?>p?:':<'

?5p

\h`g yau shaat ?5p (cmtuckky ?=':8fps*+ ag` ar twa _`p`ct Fkcls cr`jgs`rtè o`tw``g `cmh `gmaeè frcd`' \jth thjs pram`ss+ 6 frcd`s cr`magv`rtè ta 30$frcd`s―6$frcd`s af whjmh cr` `gmaeè vjeà frcd`scge : af whjmh cr` _`p`ct Fkcls' Uh` pctt`rg oy whjmh th` frcd`s cr`l`g`rctè js c fcdjkjcr ag`―?$='

C O M E @ F

C C O O O M M E E E @ @ F F F

J _F O _F _F O _F ^ _F _F O _F O _F _F

_`mare!^kcyocmb

J _F O _F _F O _F ^ _F _F O _F O _F _F

C C O O O M M E E E @ @ F F F

\h`g th` _`p`ct Fkcls cr` jgmkueè+ 6> frcd`s cr` l`g`rctè `cmhs`mage' Uh`r`far`+ th` r`mareè tjdòcs` js 0:':5fps―ckthaulh agky?5 vjeà frcd`s cr` r`mareè ta tcp`' Uh` r`marejgl js <?>p0:':5(<?>p6>* ^raHEV mcrryjgl ?5p'

\h`g th` tcp` js pkcyè+ far cgckal madpag`gt autput+ `cmh frcd` jse`maeè' \h`g c _`p`ct Fkcl js `gmaugt`rè+ th` kcst frcd` js autputclcjg―3!6>th s`mage cft`r jt wcs fjrst autput' Jf c s`mage _`p`ctFrcd` js `gmaugt`rè+ th` kcst frcd` js autput clcjg―3!=>th s`magecft`r jt wcs fjrst autput'

Cgckal madpag`gt autput mcg o` ejljtjzè ct 0:':5fps' Jg thjs mcs`+r`v`rs` ?$= pukkeawg mcg o` usè ta aotcjg ?5p vjeà―ar th` vjeàmcg o` èjtè ct <?>p0:':5'

Ppag jgput vjc Fjr`\jr`+ GK@‚s ejsmcre th` _`p`ct Fkcls cge star` ?5^vjeà ta ejsb' Uh` tjdòcs` far thjs vjeà js ?=':8fps'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g <> 0!3>!3=

0>p cge 6>p

Oy usjgl 3?$frcd` Mkasè LA^s wjth <?>p0> cge <?>p6>―`cmhs`mage af vjeà wjkk hcv` 0 LA^s―`xcmtky cs ea`s <?>p?0 cge <?>p=>thct `dpkay 6$frcd` Mkasè LA^s+ Psjgl c ectc rct` af 3<'8Dops―th`scd` cs usè far <?>p=>―th` ojt$rèumtjag js =393'

Uh` 3?$frcd` LA^ pravje`s ^raHEV skjlhtky o`tt`r datjag hcgekjglthcg 3>8>j HEV+ out gat cs laae hcs <?>p=>'

Ckk typ`s af HE3 cr` D^@L$? `gmaeè usjgl Frcd`s' Uh` ‛pjmtur`Qstrumtur`— fkcl js s`t ta F_CD@'

HE3 js r`mareè ta EV tcp` usjgl agky th` EV vjeà s`ld`gt' Uh` ^MDcueja s`ld`gt js ap`g far futur` us`' C sdckk ]uomae` (JUJ* s`ld`gthakes ectc sumh cs tjd`mae`' (]`` Fjlur` ='>'*

Fjlur` ='>9 HE? Urcmb Fardct

HE?

Uh`r` cr` faur sp`mjfjmctjags thct e`fjg` HE?9 c spctjck r`sakutjag af 355>x3>8> pjx`ks2 jgt`rkcm` smcggjgl2 t`dparck r`sakutjags af ?=':8fps+ 0>fps+ cge 0:':5fps+ pkus ?=':8fps mcrrjè wjthjg 0:':5fps+?0fps mcrrjè wjthjg 0>fps+ cge ?:':<fps mcrrjè wjthjg 0:':5fps' Uh`?0Dops js madpasè af thr`` typ`s af ectc9 D^@L$? vjeà(?='5Dops*+ D^@L$3 Kcy`r ? cueja ('=85Dops*+ cge suppartjgl ectc(3'?Dops*' Cg Ap`g 30$frcd` LA^ js `dpkayè(JOOÔOÔOÔOÔO*'

Ckk typ`s af HE? cr` D^@L$? `gmaeè wjth th` ‛pjmtur`Qstrumtur`— fkcljs s`t ta F_CD@' Mcgag‚s ?5F r`mares ?5p thct mcg agky o` pkcyè ocmbag sad` Mcgag HE mcdmare`rs' (]agy‚s XEMCD HE!@X us`s th` scd`syst`d'* ]agy (th` V3* cge sad` Mcgag mcdmare`rs cksa `dpkay csyst`d thct us`s ?$= pukkeawg ta mcrry ?5fps jg 6>j'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g <3 0!3>!3=

HE? js r`mareè ta EV tcp` usjgl oath th` EV vjeà s`ld`gt cge th`^MD cueja s`ld`gt' C sdckk ]uomae` (JUJ* s`ld`gt hakes ectc sumhcs tjd`mae`' (]`` Fjlur` ='3'*

O`mcus` ga ^MD cueja s`ld`gts cr` cvcjkcok`+ HE? mcggat mcrry

r`mare ^MD cueja'

Fjlur` ='39 HE? Urcmb Fardct

Ag` s`mage af vjeà pkus cueja―r`qujr`s =>> trcmbs―th` scd` cs EVcge HE3' HE? r`qujr`s cppraxjdct`ky ?0Dojts ta o` wrjtt`g ta tcp``cmh s`mage―ga dctt`r th` frcd` rct`' Uhus+ `cmh trcmb mcrrj`s coaut8='=bo af D^@L$? ^@] (^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd+ s`` Mhcpt`r ?*ectc―ckk af whjmh cr` wrjtt`g jgta th` EV vjeà cge jgta th` ^MD cuejas`ld`gts'

Zau djlht jdcljg` thct th` D^@L$? ^@] ectc frad ag` 30$frcd` LA^wauke sjdpky o` wrjtt`g jgta ?> mags`mutjv` trcmbs'

Haw`v`r+ wjth HE? thct js gat th` mcs`' Ckk Dcmraokambs frad `cmhLA^ l`g`rctè oy th` `gmae`r+ cr` lcth`rè jgta c ouff`r cge th`gwrjtt`g ta tcp` sa th` Dcmraokambs cr` prèjmtcoky smrcdokè agta th`tcp` av`r th` ?> trcmbs' Uhjs dcb`s jt ckdast jdpassjok` far c erapautta e`stray cg J frcd`―ar c ^ ar O frcd`'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g <? 0!3>!3=

CU]M cge HEV

Cs yau mcg s`` o`kaw+ th` ectc rèumtjag rctjas shawg o`kaw mk`crkyjgejmct` thct HEV hcs fcr k`ss madpr`ssjag thcg ea`s CU]M HE vjeà'

3>8>j6>CU]M

<?>p6>CU]M

3>8>j6>HEV

<?>p?5HEV

<?>p=>HEV

<?>p6>HEV

Vjeà Ojt$rct`

3<'8Dops 30'6Dops ?='5Dops 3<'8Dops 3<'8Dops 3<'8Dops

LA^K`glth

30 30 30 6 6 3?

Ojt$rct`_èumtjag

_ctja

=093 =093 ?>93 3593 3693 =393

HEV ^jx`k Uyp`s

]qucr` v`rs`s Gag$squcr` ^jx`ks

Uh` CU]M stcgecre `dpkays squcr` pjx`ks' Eurjgl th` tjd` far `cmhsmcg kjg`+ 3:?> pjx`ks shauke o` trcgsf`rrè cs shawg oy th` ejclrcdo`kaw'

Uh` HEV sp`mjfjmctjag e`fjg`s th` harjzagtck pjx`k maugt ct 355>' ]ahaw cr` 355> pjx`ks dcppè ta 3:?> pjx`ks1 Uh` cgsw`r js thct `cmhpjx`k js r`mtcglukcr ―gat squcr`' Jg th` mcs` af 355>+ `cmh pjx`k g`èsta hcv` c 3'==93 pjx`k csp`mt rctja cs shawg jg th` Ejclrcd o`kaw'

Cs yau djlht lu`ss+ jf yau kaab ct c frcd` af 355> pjx`k vjeà jg clrcphjms pralrcd thct supparts agky squcr` pjx`ks+ th` jdcl` wjkk kaab

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g <= 0!3>!3=

squjshè harjzagtckky' Jt cpp`crs cs cg cgcdarphjm jdcl`―ag` thctwjkk o` ugsqu``zè wh`g ejspkcyè'

Uh`r`far`+ ckthaulh ]agy‚s HEV fardct ea`s gat suppart 3:?> pjx`ks+th` cgcdarphjm gctur` af jts 355> pjx`k kjg` dcb`s jt c vckje CU]M HEfardct'

D^@L$3 Cueja

Oath HE3 cge HE? suppart twa cueja mhcgg`ks af cueja sjlgcks thctcr` ejljtjzè wjth c 58bHz ct 36$ojt qucgtjzctjag cge madpr`ssè ta=85bops oy D^@L$3 Cueja Kcy`r ? `gmaejgl' ^raHE cees twa$mhcgg`k^MD cueja thus mr`ctjgl c fardct thct mcg mcrry faur jge`p`ge`gtmhcgg`ks af cueja' (]`` Mhcpt`r ? far cg jg$e`pth jgtraeumtjag taD^@L$3 cueja'*





Mhcpt`r 59 Jdcl` McpturÙ`mhgakaly

Mhcpt`r 5 jgtraeum`s th` t`mhgakaly af jdcl` mcptur`' Uh` magm`ptsjgtraeumè cr` mrjtjmck ta uge`rstcgejgl HEV mcd`rcs'

MME ]`gsar U`mhgakaly

Jgt`rkcmè smcggè MMEs r`ce$aut ckk raws `v`ry fj`ke$tjd`―typjmckky3!0>th ar 3!6>th s`mage' Uh`s` raws mr`ct` ag` fj`ke af c frcd` af jgt`rkcmè vjeà' Uh` gudo`r af kjg`s jg c fj`ke js hckf th` gudo`r af s`gsar raws' Ua mcptur` c frcd`‚s fj`ke$dct`+ clcjg th` MMEs mcptur`

cg jdcl` cge agm` clcjg ckk raws cr` r`ce$aut' Uh`s` raws mr`ct` th`s`mage fj`ke af c frcd` af jgt`rkcmè vjeà'

^ralr`ssjv` ]mcggjgl MMEs

^ralr`ssjv`ky smcggè s`gsars cksa r`ce$aut ckk raws `cmh 3!0>th ar3!6>th s`mage' Uh` ejff`r`gm` js thct `cmh r`ce$aut yj`kes c frcd` af pralr`ssjv` vjeà' Uhus+ cg jgt`rkcmè smcggè s`gsar js r`ce$auttwjm` p`r frcd`+ whjk` c pralr`ssjv`ky smcggè s`gsar js r`ce$aut agm`p`r frcd`'

Jgt`rkcm` ]mcggjgl MMEs

@v`ry fj`ke$tjd`―typjmckky 3!0>th ar 3!6>th s`mage―ckk raws cr` r`cefrad th` MME(s*' Uh`s` raws cr` usè far ag` fj`ke af c frcd`' Uamcptur` c frcd`‚s fj`ke$dct`+ agm` clcjg+ th` MME mcptur`s cg jdcl`cge agm` clcjg ckk raws cr` r`ce$aut'





HE MMEs9 ]ad` HE mcdmare`rs us` MMEs thct hcv` agky 05>$kjg`s' Jg thjs mcs`+ jgt`rpakctjag js usè ta mr`ct` c frcd` wjth 3>8>$

kjg`s' Cft`r jgt`rpakctjag+ aee cge `v`g fj`kes cr` r`mareè'

O`mcus` vjeà Fj`kes mcg hake agky hckf th` kjg`s jg c Frcd`―whct js

eag` wjth th` jgfardctjag frad ckk th` raws r`ce$aut frad th` MME1Ag` aptjag wauke o` ta sjdpky ejsmcre ckk aee MME raws eurjgl cg`v`g fj`ke cge ckk `v`g MME raws eurjgl cg aee fj`ke'

@gljg``rs cohar th` je`c af tassjgl aut jgfardctjag' Uwa sjlgjfjmcgto`g`fjts crjs` frad usjgl th` s``djglky ugg`m`sscry jgfardctjag' Fjrst+mcd`rcs cr` dce` 6eO dar` s`gsjtjv`' ]`mage+ gajs` js cv`rclè cgeth`ròy mcgm`kè+ jgmr`csjgl th` sjlgck$ta$gajs` (]!G* rctja oy =eO'

Ceejgl twa ectc scdpk`s mr`ct`s c sjdpk` kaw$pcss fjkt`r' (C kaw$pcssfjkt`r r`dav`s hjlh fr`qu`gmj`s r`pr`s`gtjgl fjg` e`tcjk'* Uhct js

`xcmtky whct `gljg``rs e`mjeè shauke o` eag`' Uh` pram`ss js mckkè_aw$^cjr ]uddctjag' Cppraprjct`ky+ th` fjkt`r autputs `xcmtky th`gudo`r af kjg`s r`qujrè far c fj`ke

\h`g c MME cees raw$pcjrs+ th` fjkt`r h`kps pr`v`gt ‛jgt`rkcm` fkjmb`r'— Jgt`rkcm` fkjmb`r js ‛ckjcsjgl— thct ammurs wh`g harjzagtck jdcl` e`tcjk(sjlgck fr`qu`gmy* cppracmh`s thct af th` MME raw$strumtur` (scdpkjglfr`qu`gmy*'

Jg pkcjg @glkjsh+ thjs d`cgs thct wh`g c shcrp+ harjzagtck èl` (arkjg`* js jdclè+ yau dcy s`` jt fkjmb`r ct ?0Hz ar =>Hz fkjmb`r' Uh`

fkjmb`r js mcusè oy th` harjzagtck èl` o`jgl r`pr`s`gtè oy c sjglk`smcg$kjg` thct js ejspkcyè ct ?0 ar => tjd`s p`r$s`mage'

Jgt`rkjg` fkjmb`r mcg agky o` s``g ag jgt`rkcm` ejspkcys'

Cs c harjzagtck èl` dav`s v`rtjmckky+ wh`g far `xcdpk` c mcd`rcpcgs v`rtjmckky+ th` fkjmb`r dav`s up ar eawg th` smr``g mcusjgl ‛jgt`rkjg` twjtt`r'— Oath fkjmb`r cge twjtt`r cr` rèumè+ out gat`kjdjgctè+ wh`g harjzagtck èl`s (ar kjg`s* cr` saft`gè oy th` kaw$pcss fjkt`r' @ss`gtjckky cg èl` js ‛sd`crè— cmrass twa kjg`s sa thct

eurjgl ejspkcy yau mcggat s`` th` fkjmb`r'

Jgt`rkjg` twjtt`r mcg o` s``g ag cgy ejspkcy'

Jgt`rkcm` ]mcggjgl jg E`pth

Far cg GU]M aee fj`ke+ th` _è+ Lr``g+ cge Oku` sjlgcks far vjeà Kjg`s3+ =+ thraulh ?=: cr` aotcjgè oy ceejgl th` _aw 3 _LO sjlgcks

(e`kcyè oy ag` ‛kjg`$tjd`—* ta th` _aw ? _LO sjlgcks2 jg kjb` dcgg`r_aw = js ceeè ta _aw 52 cge _aw 5<: ta _aw 58>' Uh` aee fj`ke jsejspkcyè jg Fjlur` 5'3'

Fjlur` 5'39 Aee Fj`ke

\jthjg cg GU]M `v`g fj`ke+ th` _è+ Lr``g+ cge Oku` sjlgcks far vjeàKjg`s ?+ 5+ thraulh ?5> cr` aotcjgè oy ceejgl th` _aw ? _LO sjlgcksta th` _aw = _LO sjlgcks2 _aw 5 ta _aw 02 cge _aw 58> ta _aw 583'Uh` `v`g fj`ke js ejspkcyè jg Fjlur` 5'?'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g << 0!3>!3=

Fjlur` 5'?9 @v`g Fj`ke

Jgt`rkcm` MME ]je`$`ff`mts

Pgfartugct`ky+ c prjm` dust o` pcje far th` o`g`fjts af _aw$^cjr]uddctjag' Uh` fjkt`r e`mr`cs`s vjeà‚s v`rtjmck r`sakutjag' Haw dumhe`tcjk js r`davè oy kaw$pcss fjkt`r mr`ctè oy raw$pcjr suddctjagusè jg jgt`rkcm` smcggjgl1 Uhjs vcku` js mckkè ‛Jgt`rkcm` Fcmtar— ar ‛Jgt`rkcm` Ma`ffjmj`gt'—

Uh` Jgt`rkcm` Ma`ffjmj`gt js coaut >'<0+ whjmh d`cgs cg jgt`rkcmèsmcggè 3>8>$raw MME+ mcg r`mare+ ct o`st+ 83>$kjg`s af `ff`mtjv`v`rtjmck r`sakutjag'

Jgt`rkcm` ]mcg Euck$kjg` ]`gsars

Uh` pr`vjaus e`smrjptjag hce th` MME pralr`ssjv`ky r`cejgl aut ckkraws wjth th` suddctjag af raws ammurrjgl cft`r th` MME' Cgath`rtyp` af MME js mckkè ‛Euck$Kjg`'— Euck$Kjg` MMEs cr` jgt`rkcm`smcggjgl e`vjm`s' Haw`v`r+ th`y mcg p`rfard c g`ct trjmb'

Cssud` yau wcgt c mcd`rc thct mcg r`mare 6>j+ pkus =>p cge ?5p' (Claae `xcdpk` js ^cgcsagjm‚s EVX3>>C'* C Euck$Kjg` MME ruggjgl ct6>Hz jg Jgt`rkcm` dae` mcg l`g`rct` fj`kes g`èè far 6>j r`marejgl'(C ^CK mcd`rc wauke rug ct 0>Hz cge l`g`rct` 0>j vjeà'*

Ua aotcjg ^ralr`ssjv` vjeà+ th` MME dust o` smcggè ct ga dar`thcg hckf th` jgt`rkcm` smcggjgl rct`' Hckf af 6>Hz js =>Hz―sa oath=>p cge ?5p mcg `csjky o` aotcjgè' (C ^CK mcd`rc wauke sjdpkyswjtmh ta ?0Hz ta aotcjg ?0p vjeà'*

\h`g c MME `dpkays Euck$Kjg` t`mhgakaly+ _aw$^cjr suddctjagammurs wjthjg th` MME' Jt js gat p`rfardè `xt`rgckky cs wjth jgt`rkcm`MMEs'

\h`g jg Jgt`rkcm` dae`+ agky hckf th` raws cr` r`ce$aut' Far `cmhupp`r$fj`ke+ 0>j!6>j MME erjvjgl kaljm s`k`mts th` tap$dast raw (_aw

-3*' Uh` fjrst kjg` smcggè$aut js th` sud af `cmh `k`d`gt jg MME _aw3 ceeè ta th` marr`spagejgl `k`d`gt jg _aw ?'

Uh` s`mage kjg` smcggè$aut js th` sud af `cmh `k`d`gt jg MME _aw =ceeè ta th` marr`spagejgl `k`d`gt jg _aw 5' Uh` kcst kjg` smcggè$aut js th` sud af `cmh `k`d`gt jg g`xt ta th` kcst MME _aw ceeè tath` marr`spagejgl `k`d`gt jg kcst _aw' Jg thjs wcy+ th` MMEs autputag` fj`ke p`r smcg'

Far `cmh kaw`r$fj`ke+ th` MME erjvjgl kaljm s`k`mts th` s`mage MME raw(_aw -?* cs th` fjrst raw' Uh` fjrst kjg` smcggè$aut jg th` kaw`r fj`ke

js th` sud af `cmh `k`d`gt jg MME _aw ? ceeè ta th` marr`spagejgl`k`d`gt jg _aw =' Uh` s`mage kjg` smcggè$aut js th` sud af `cmh`k`d`gt jg MME _aw 5 ceeè ta th` marr`spagejgl `k`d`gt jg _aw 0'Uh` kcst kjg` smcggè$aut js th` sud af `cmh `k`d`gt jg th` kcst MME_aw ceeè ta th` marr`spagejgl `k`d`gt jg th` kcst _aw pkus ag`'Agm` clcjg+ th` MME autputs ag` fj`ke'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g <: 0!3>!3=

\h`g jg ^ralr`ssjv` dae`+ ckk raws cr` r`ce$aut' Uh` ?5p!?0p!=>pMME erjvjgl kaljm s`k`mts th` tap$dast raw (_aw -3*' Uh` fjrst kjg`smcggè$aut js th` sud af `cmh `k`d`gt jg MME _aw 3 ceeè ta th`marr`spagejgl `k`d`gt jg _aw ?' Uh` s`mage kjg` smcggè$aut js th`sud af `cmh `k`d`gt jg MME _aw ? ceeè ta th` marr`spagejgl

`k`d`gt jg _aw =' Uh` kcst kjg` smcggè$aut js th` sud af `cmh`k`d`gt jg th` kcst MME _aw ceeè ta th` marr`spagejgl `k`d`gt jgth` kcst _aw pkus ag`' Jg thjs wcy+ th` MMEs autput ag` frcd` p`rsmcg'

Gat` thct jg ^ralr`ssjv` dae`+ o`mcus` _aw$^cjr suddctjag jsp`rfardè+ s`gsjtjvjty ea`s gat erap oy 6eO (3 stap* cge th` ]!G rctjawjkk gat jgmr`cs`'

MDA] Jdcl`rs+ kjb` MMEs+ cr` dce` frad sjkjmag+ haw`v`r+ cs th`gcd` jdpkj`s+ th` dcgufcmturjgl pram`ss js mckkè MDA]+ whjmh stcges

far Madpk`d`gtcry D`tck Axje` ]`djmageumtar' Uaecy MDA] js th`dast maddag d`thae af dcbjgl pram`ssars cge d`darj`s' Uh`r`far`+MDA] jdcl`rs tcb` cevcgtcl` af th` hjlh$vakud` pram`ss cge mastcevcgm`d`gts mr`ctè oy ath`r MDA] e`vjm`s'

MDA] @xpkcjgè

Kaab mkas`ky ct th` jkkustrctjag o`kaw' Uh` cr`c af c pjx`k thct makk`mtskjlht js th` ‛phataejae`'— Uh` cr`c af th` phataejae` ejvjeè oy th`pjx`k‚s tatck cr`c js mckkè th` ‛fjkk$fcmtar'— C fjkk$fcmtar af ?0$ ta =>$p`rm`gt js maddag'





Dast MDA] jdcl`rs taecy us` Cmtjv` ^jx`k ]`gsar t`mhgakaly (C^]*+whjmh r`qujr`s ct k`cst thr`` Urcgsjstars ta jdpk`d`gt' (Uh`s` cr`mckkè =U e`vjm`s'* Uh` pjx`k f`ctur`s9 c r`s`t trcgsjstar + cg cdpkjfj`r trcgsjstar+ cge c raw$s`k`mt trcgsjstar (Makudg Ous trcgsjstar*'

@cmh mcptur`$mymk` o`ljgs wh`g c puks` js s`gt ta th` r`s`t trcgsjstarsjg c raw ta pr`pcr` th` phataejae`s ta mcptur` kjlht' U`mhgjmckky+ th`r`s`t o`ljgs cg ‛jgt`lrctjag— p`rjae' Cft`r r`s`ttjgl ckk pjx`ks jg c raw+th` cdaugt af kjlht fckkjgl ag th` phataejae`―av`r tjd`―e`t`rdjg`shaw dumh mhcrl` cmmudukct`s jg th` ât`gtjck \`kk'

@xpasur` Magtrak

@xpasur` tjd`+ U+ o`ljgs wh`g th` tap raw js r`s`t' Ckk r`dcjgjglraws+ frad tap$ta$oattad+ cr` th`g s`qu`gtjckky r`s`t' Uhjs ammursav`r Y djkkjs`mages'

Ct th` `ge af th` sp`mjfjè `xpasur` tjd`+ far `xcdpk` 3!6>th s`mage+s`qu`gtjckky frad tap$ta$oattad+ raw$s`k`mt trcgsjstars cr` swjtmhèag magg`mtjgl `cmh pjx`k‚s cdpkjfj`r trcgsjstar ta jts Makudg$ous' (Cmhjp hcs c makudg$ous+ cs yau wauke `xp`mt+ far `v`ry mhjp makudg'*Uh` tjd` r`qujrè ta raw$oy$raw magg`mt ckk raws ta th`jr makudgs js _

djkkjs`mages'Uh` jgt`lrctjag p`rjae far c raw `ges wh`g th` raw$s`k`mt trcgsjstarscr` swjtmhè ag' Uatck jdcl` `xpasur` tjd`+ U+ `ges wh`g th` tapraw‚s pjx`ks cr` s`k`mtè ta o` s`gt eawg th` mhjp‚s makudgs'

Uhjs tap$ta$oattad `xpasur` syst`d ap`rct`s dumh kjb` c ‛v`rtjmckfamck pkcg`— shutt`r jg c =0dd mcd`rc' Uh` fjrst (rè* murtcjg js





r`k`csè ta stcrt jts eawgwcre trcv`k ct th` o`ljggjgl af th` `xpasur`tjd`' Cs th` murtcjg dav`s eawgwcre+ th` fjkd js `xpasè ta kjlht'

\h`g th` fjrst murtcjg hcs madpk`tè jts trcv`k+ th` fjkd frcd` js fukky`xpasè' \h`g th` `xpasur` tjd` `ges+ th` s`mage murtcjg (lr``g* jsr`k`csè ta o`ljg jts eawgwcre trcv`k ta mkas`$aff kjlht fckkjgl ag th`fjkd'

_akkjgl ]hutt`r Crtjfcmt

Fjkd mcd`rc shutt`rs ap`g (_ * cge mkas` (]* v`ry rcpjeky r`kctjv` tadae`rct` `xpasur` tjd`s (U*' Uhus+ _ cge ] cr` typjmckky v`ry sdckk

r`kctjv` ta U' Haw`v`r+ ct v`ry shart `xpasur` tjd`s+ th` fjrst murtcjgdcy gat hcv` trcv`kè fcr o`far` th` s`mage murtcjg stcrts mhcsjgl jteawg th` frcd`' C gcrraw trcv`kjgl skjt fardè oy th` lcp o`tw``gth` twa murtcjgs `xpas`s th` fjkd' Uh` skjt `xpas`s th` tap af th` fjkdo`far` jt `xpas`s th` oattad af th` fjkd'

Uhjs o`hcvjar ammurs wh`g`v`r th` rctja o`tw``g U cge ] js kaw'(Cssud` _ 4 ]'* Uhus+ wh`g th` U ! ] rctja fckks o`kaw 3'> th``xpasur` js aotcjgè oy c davjgl skjt'

\h`g c sm`g` magtcjgs kjttk` datjag+ th` ejff`r`gm` jg tjd` o`tw``g

`xpasjgl th` tap cge oattad af c frcd` mr`ct`s ga hcrd' Haw`v`r+wh`g th` sm`g` magtcjgs datjag+ th` tjd` ejff`r`gm` o`tw``g th` tapcge oattad `xpasur` js mcpturè ag fjkd' Uh` skjt mr`ct`s th` ‛rakkjglshutt`r— crtjfcmt shawg o`kaw'





\jth MDA]$ocsè mcd`rcs+ th` scd` crtjfcmt js mr`ctè+ ct dast`xpasur` tjd`s+ o`mcus` th` eurctjag af ] js+ ugfartugct`ky+ qujt` kaglo`mcus` jt tcb`s c fcjr cdaugt af tjd` ta r`ce$aut ckk raws frad c mhjp'

Jdcl` _`ce$aut

pjx`k‚s cdpkjfj`r trcgsjstar magv`rts th` cmmudukctè mhcrl` ta cvaktcl` thct js s`gt eawg jts makudg$ous wh`r` jt js jgput ta c ]cdpk`& Hake mjrmujt thct orj`fky star`s th` vaktcl`' (Uh`r` js c ]cdpk` & Hakefar `cmh makudg'*

G`xt+ c s`mage mymk` js p`rfardè ag th` s`k`mtè raw―stcrtjgl wjth cs`mage puks` ta th` r`s`t trcgsjstars' Jddèjct`ky+ ckk raw$s`k`mt trcgsjstars cr` swjtmhè ag magg`mtjgl `cmh cdpkjfj`r trcgsjstar ta jtsmakudg sa ckk raw pjx`k vaktcl`s cr` s`gt eawg ta c s`t af A^(Ap`rctjagck* cdpkjfj`rs'

Uh` s`mage s`t af sjlgcks d`csur` `cmh pjx`k‚s vaktcl` wh`g ga kjlhtwcs mcpturè' Jt js c d`csur` af `cmh pjx`k‚s jgh`r`gt ecrb$murr`gtgajs`' Uh` fjrst s`t af vaktcl`s d`csur` `cmh pjx`k‚s gajs` " sjlgck '

@cmh cdpkjfj`r hcs twa jgputs' Ag` (djgus* jgput gaw cmm`pts c sjlgck

frad c makudg' Uh` ath`r (pkus* jgput gaw cmm`pts c sjlgck frad c]cdpk` & Hake cge cees th`d tal`th`r' @cmh starè ecrb$murr`gtgajs` vaktcl` js th`ròy suotrcmtè frad `cmh sjlgck"gajs` vaktcl`yj`kejgl c sjlgck vaktcl`' @cmh cdpkjfj`r autputs thjs vaktcl`' Uhjssyst`d js mckkè Marr`kctè Eauok` ]cdpkjgl (ME]*'





Ckk makudg sjlgck vaktcl`s cr` th`g kaceè jgta cg cgckal shjft r`ljst`rwh`r` pjx`k jgfardctjag js shjftè ta autput part(s*' Jg thjs e`sjlg+cgckal$ta$ejljtck (C!E* magv`rsjag js `xt`rgck ta th` MDA] mhjp' Uhèjclrcd o`kaw shaws th` ap`rctjag af thjs typ` af MDA] mhjp'

Ua b``p MDA] r`ce$aut sp`ès hjlh+ c mhjp‚s r`ce$aut mkamb rct` mcgo` jgmr`csè' Haw`v`r+ th` hjlh`r th` mkamb rct`+ th` dar` paw`r

magsudè cge th` dar` h`ct ta o` ejssjpctè' Cg ckt`rgct` sakutjag jsta ejvje` th` mhjp jgta s`mtjags cge r`ce$aut pjx`ks frad duktjpk`s`mtjags sjduktcgàusky' Uhjs r`qujr`s duktjpk` autput parts'

Ua sjlgjfjmcgtky e`mr`cs` pjmtur` gajs`+ jgt`rgck cgckal$ta$ejljtck (C!E*magv`rsjag mcg o` `dpkayè' Magv`rsjag mcg ammur o`far` ar cft`r th`ME] mjrmujt' Uh` fard`r js dar` madpk`x cs jt r`qujr`s euck C!Emagv`rt`rs cs shawg o`kaw' Jg thjs mcs`+ gajs` js mcgm`kè jg thèjljtck eadcjg `xt`rgck ta th` MDA] mhjp'





\h`g magv`rsjag ammurs cft`r th` ME] mjrmujt+ gajs` js mcgm`kè jg thèjljtck eadcjg wjthjg th` MDA] mhjp'

Ga dctt`r c mhjp‚s r`ce$aut e`sjlg+ th` ‛]mcg Ujd`— ta autput ckk raws(]* js c sjlgjfjmcgt magm`rg o`mcus` jt e`t`rdjg`s th` e`lr`` af th`rakkjgl shutt`r crtjfcmt'

]agy @XDA_ U`mhgakalyUh` cdpkjfj`r far `cmh makudg autputs cg cgckal sjlgck (wjth th` ecrb$murr`gt gajs` ctt`guctè* ta cg C!E magv`rt`r' Uh` magv`rt`r autputsc ejljtck vcku`+ ckagl wjth ejljtck sjlgcks frad ckk ath`r makudgs+ jgta cejljtck shjft r`ljst`r' @XDA_ C!E$p`r$makudg t`mhgakaly gat agkyrèum`s pjmtur` gajs` oy djgjdjzjgl th` k`glth af th` cgckal sjlgckpcth―oath gajs` cge r`ce$aut sp`è cr` `ghcgmè oy th` us` af cejljtck rcth`r thcg cg cgckal shjft r`ljst`r' Ejljtck vcku`s mcg o` autputthraulh c sjglk` part―ar far fcst`r ap`rctjag+ thraulh duktjpk` parts'

V`rtjmck ]d`cr

MDA] s`gsars+ madpcrè ta MMEs+ hcv` s`v`rck ugjqu`mhcrcmt`rjstjms' Dast jdpartcgtky+ th`y jgh`r`gtky hcv` ga v`rtjmcksd`cr'





MME cge MDA] ^crcd`t`rs

Makudg Maugt

Cs yau wauke `xp`mt+ th` gudo`r af makudgs magtcjgè ag c s`gsare`t`rdjg`s th` harjzagtck r`sakutjag af th` vjeà ta o` r`mareè'Haw`v`r+ th` r`kctjagshjp js c gat c sjdpk` ag`' @cmh s`gsar `k`d`gttcb`s ag` scdpk` frad th` jdcl` prai`mtè ag th` mhjp oy th` k`gs'

Uh` gudo`r af harjzagtck scdpk`s pravjeè oy th` jdcl`r e`fjg`s jtsscdpkjgl ‛rct`'— Cmmarejgl ta th` Gyqujst thàr`d+ th`r` dust o` twascdpk`s far `cmh mymk`―v`rtjmck kjg`$pcjr―jg th` sjlgck o`jgl ejljtjzè'

Uh`r`far`+ th` scdpkjgl rct`―mckkè th` Gyqujst scdpkjgl fr`qu`gmy―dust o` twjm` th` e`tcjk fr`qu`gmy' Jf hjlh`r fr`qu`gmj`s―fjg`r e`tcjk―cr` ejljtjzè+ th`y wjkk o` r`mareè cs kaw fr`qu`gmj`s mckkè ckjcsjgl'(]`` Ckjcsjgl+ o`kaw'*

Ua pr`v`gt ckjcsjgl+ c kaw$pcss ‛cgtj$ckjcsjgl— fjkt`r js pkcmè jg th`cgckal pcth o`tw``g th` s`gsar(s* cge th` cgckal$ta$ejljtckmagv`rt`r(s*' ]jgm` ga fjkt`r mcg sjdpky trugmct` c sjlgck `xcmtky ct th`Gyqujst fr`qu`gmy―th` fjkt`r mut$aff fr`qu`gmy dust o` s`t ct c skjlhtkykaw`r pajgt+ th`ròy mcusjgl cg ugwcgtè kass af fjg` e`tcjk'

Af maurs`+ th` Gyqujst mut$aff fr`qu`gmy dust o` jg ockcgmè wjth th`r`marejgl ocgewjeth' Uhjs ockcgm` mcg o` vj`wè jg th` magt`xt af th`rctja af mcptur` (s`gsar* r`sakutjag cge r`marejgl r`sakutjag' ]ad`3>8>j mcdmare`rs hcv` c 3'==93 rctja o`mcus` th`y `dpkay mhjps wjth3:?>$pjx`ks cge r`mare agky 355>$pjx`ks' Ath`r 3>8>j mcdmare`rs+

hcv` agky c >'6<93 rctja o`mcus` th`y us` s`gsars wjth agky :6>$pjx`ks' (Murr`gt <?>p mcdmare`rs hcv` c 393+ ar skjlhtky hjlh`r+ rctja'*

\h`g th` rctja js k`ss thcg 393+ th` s`gsars cr` kjdjtjgl th` cdaugt af fjg` e`tcjk thct mcg o` mcpturè cge r`mareè' Haw`v`r+ ugk`ss c vjeàsjlgck‚s ocgewjeth js kjdjtè ta th` r`marejgl ocgewjeth o`far`r`marejgl―ckjcsjgl wjkk o` l`g`rctè eurjgl r`marejgl' Uhus+ thàptjdck rctja js 393―ar skjlhtky hjlh`r'

Ckjcsjgl

Ckjcsjgl cpp`crs jg dcgy fards'

]tcjr$st`ppjgl





]tcjr$st`ppjgl js vjsjok` ag ejclagcks cge js v`ry cggayjgl+ y`t v`rymaddag'

Ecgmjgl Eats

Ujgy whjt` eats cr` vjsjok` davjgl rcgeadky jg coav` harjzagtck kjg`s

cge èl`s' Aft`g th`y cr` jgmarr`mtky mckkè dasqujta crtjfcmts'Dasqujta crtjfcmts cr` madpr`ssjag crtjfcmts'

Ocro`r âk`

Zau wjkk thjs ckjcsjgl crtjfcmt ag oath thjmb cge thjg harjzagtck cgev`rtjmck kjg`s'

Kjg` Uwjtt`r

Cs c harjzagtck hcre èl`+ ar v`ry fjg` kjg`+ `jth`r dav`s up ar eawgjg c fjxè frcd`+ ar th` frcd` dav`s up ar eawg+ ar oath2 jt dcyckt`rgct`ky o` mcpturè oy c raw af MME!MDA] `k`d`gts ar jt dcy fckko`tw``g raws cge gat o` mcpturè' Cs dav`d`gt ammurs+ th` kjg`ckt`rgct`s o`tw``g o`jgl vjsjok` cge jgvjsjok`' Uhjs js mckkè ‛kjg`twjtt`r'— Uh` fr`qu`gmy ct whjmh th` kjg` fkjmb`rs js ocsè upag th` rctàf dav`d`gt' Uhjs crtjfcmt js gat th` scd` cs ‛kjg` fkjmb`r— wh`r` cthjg harjzagtck kjg` fkjmb`rs ct th` frcd` rct`'

Cgtj$ckjcsjgl Fjkt`rsUh`r` cr` twa typ`s af cgtj$ckjcsjgl fjkt`rs usè jg vjeà mcd`rcs' Ag`js o`far` th` s`gsar(s* cge ag` js cft`r th` s`gsar (s*'

Aptjmck Cgtj$ckjcsjgl Fjkt`r

Cg aptjmck kaw$pcss fjkt`r dcy o` daugtè jg fragt af c s`gsar' Jt rakks$aff fjg` e`tcjk jg th` jdcl` o`far` jt fckks ag th` MME ar MDA] s`gsarta pr`v`gt makar Dajrê'

@k`mtrjmck Cgtj$ckjcsjgl Fjkt`r Cg `k`mtrjmck kaw$pcss fjkt`r js pkcmè jg th` cgckal pcth o`tw``g th`s`gsar cge th` cgckal$ta$ejljtck magv`rt`r' Jt cmts ta b``p v`ry fjgè`tcjk frad o`jgl ejljtjzè' Jf c e`sjlg`r s`ts th` kaw$pcss fjkt`r taahjlh+ c r`sakutjag mhcrt wjkk shaw th` mcd`rc hcvjgl c hjlh harjzagtckr`sakutjag' Haw`v`r+ yau wjkk s`` ‛stcjr$st`ppjgl— ag ejclagck kjg`s'Uh`s` cr` ckjcsjgl crtjfcmts'

Agm` th`s` cgtj$ckjcsjgl fjkt`rs hcv` `kjdjgctè fjg` pjmtur` e`tcjk―jt jslag` cge mcggat o` r`mareè'

Dctmhjgl ]`gsars ta th` _`marejgl FardctUypjmckky+ th` harjzagtck maugt af c mcd`rc‚s s`gsar js coaut `quck tath` sp`mjfjè harjzagtck r`sakutjag af th` r`marejgl fardct' Far`xcdpk`+ th` EV fardct supparts th` r`marejgl af <?> pjx`ks' Ag` mcg`xp`mt c MME shauke o` <?>x58>―whjmh aff`rs =50+6>> `ff`mtjv` `k`d`gts' (Gat ckk `k`d`gts ag c MME cr` usè+ sa ag` wauke fjge sumhc MME dcrb`tè cs aff`rjgl coaut =8>+>>> pjx`ks'*

Jf @k`mtragjm Jdcl` ]tcojkjzctjag (@J]* js `dpkayè+ th` gudo`r af MMEpjx`ks shauke o` dumh hjlh`r ta suppart @J] ap`rctjag' Far `xcdpk`+

05>+>>>$pjx`ks'

Pge`r$scdpkjgl

\h`g th` s`gsar aff`rs k`ss r`sakutjag thcg th` r`marejgl fardct+ th`gth` s`gsar js scje ta pravje` cg ‛uge`r$scdpkè— jdcl`' Aovjausky+jdcl` quckjty wjkk o` kaw`r thcg e`sjrè'

Av`r$scdpkjgl

\h`g th` s`gsar aff`rs lr`ct`r r`sakutjag thcg th` r`marejgl fardct+th`g th` s`gsar js scje ta pravje` cg ‛av`r$scdpkè— jdcl`'

^raf`ssjagck ]E mcdmare`rs aft`g cr` av`r$scdpkè' Far `xcdpk`+ th`yus` MMEs wjth 0?>+>>> `k`d`gts' ]umh MMEs mcg pravje` :6>harjzagtck `k`d`gts far c <?>$pjx`k kjg` wjeth'

Lr``g ^jx`k ]hjft

\h`g thr`` s`gsars cr` pjx`k$ta$pjx`k ckjlgè+ th` dcxjdud pat`gtjckkudjgcgm` r`sakutjag frad th` s`gsars js `quck ta th` pjx`k maugt af `cmh s`gsar' Oy affs`ttjgl th` Lr``g s`gsar ag`$hckf `k`d`gt spcmjgl

frad th` _è cge Oku` s`gsars+ c saurm` af ceejtjagck kudjgcgm`jgfardctjag js mr`ctè' Oy madojgjgl autput frad ckk thr`` s`gsars+harjzagtck r`sakutjag js jgmr`csè up ta 30>$p`rm`gt ag O&\ stctjmjdcl`s'

Gcturckky+ thct k`ces ta th` qu`stjag af haw r`ck js th` `xtrc r`sakutjagaotcjgè oy usjgl ‛pjx`k affs`t— t`mhgakaly' Uh` madpk`x cgsw`r jsthct wjth pjx`k affs`t t`mhgakaly th` `ff`mtjv` harjzagtck r`sakutjag js cfugmtjag af th` makars+ th` makar pctt`rgs+ cge th` datjag af aoi`mts jgc sm`g`' Uh` `stjdctè jgmr`cs` af 3'0X js fcr taa l`g`raus' Uh`typjmck vcku` js agky 330$p`rm`gt'

Uh`r`far`+ whjk` lr``g$shjft js c laae sakutjag+ jt js gat cs laae csusjgl hjlh`r r`sakutjag MMEs' Haw`v`r+ hjlh`r r`sakutjag MMEstypjmckky wjkk aff`r k`ss kjlht s`gsjtjvjty sa+ cs wjth ckk csp`mts af mcd`rce`sjlg+ jgt`kkjl`gt trce`$affs dust o` dce`'

Harjzagtck _`sakutjag

@ff`mtjv` harjzagtck r`sakutjag js c fugmtjag af s`gsar r`sakutjagrèumè oy oath typ`s af cgtj$ckjcs fjkt`rs' Uh`r`far`+ w` shauke gat`xp`mt r`mareè harjzagtck r`sakutjag ta `quck th` gudo`r af s`gsarmakudgs'

Mcdmare`r Dcrb`tjgl 3>3

Zau g`è ta o` cwcr` thct o`mcus` madpcgj`s bgaw pat`gtjck ouy`rs wjkk

fcvar c hjlh$r`sakutjag sp`mjfjmctjag+ th`y dcy ojcs th`jr r`sakutjag t`st' Ckkth`y g`è ta ea js rcjs` th` mut$aff fr`qu`gmy af th` cgtj$ckjcsjgl fjkt`rs'Uhjs+ af maurs` wjkk yj`ke vjsjok` ckjcsjgl' (]`` Ckjcsjgl coav`'*

B`kk Fcmtar

Jg 3:=5+ _cy B`kk wcs warbjgl wjth ?5>$kjg`+ pralr`ssjv` vjeà ct_MC' H` gatè thct p`rm`jvè v`rtjmck r`sakutjag wcs agky 65$p`rm`gtaf th` cmtuck ejspkcyè kjg`s' (3:=5 jg ^ram`èjgls af th` Jgstjtut` af

_ceja @gljg``rs+ _MC @gljg``rs _'E' B`kk+ C'V' Oèfare cge D' C'Urcjg`r'*

Uhjs gudo`r+ kct`r raugeè ta >'<>+ o`mcd` bgawg cs th` B`kk Fcmtar'Ckthaulh B`kk wcs usjgl cg ckk `k`mtragjm smcggjgl mcptur` cge ejspkcysyst`d+ jt js kjb`ky th` ejspkcyè kjg`$wjeth wcs thjmb cge gat pr`mjs`kykjg`cr jg jts trcv`k cmrass th` smr``g' Psjgl dar` dae`rg `qujpd`gt+ jg3:5>+ B`kk rè`fjgè th` vcku` ta o` cppraxjdct`ky >'80'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g :> 0!3>!3=

Uh` `xpkcgctjag far th` B`kk fcmtar kj`s jg th` fcmt thct wh`g`v`r ce`vjm` mcptur`s cg jdcl` raw oy raw+ jt js v`rtjmckky scdpkjgl th`jdcl`' Uh` `xcdpk` jdcl` o`kaw js madpasè af 8 ckt`rgctjgl okcmbcge whjt` harjzagtck kjg`s'

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Far dcxjdud e`tcjk mcptur`+ w` cssud` th` 8 MME raws cr` ckjlgèp`rf`mtky wjth th` `xcdpk` jdcl`' Uh` r`sukt js thct `v`ry okcmb cge`v`ry whjt` kjg` js mcpturè p`rf`mtky' Uh` `ff`mtjv` v`rtjmck r`sakutjagjs 3>>$p`rm`gt'

\hct hcpp`gs jf w` tjkt th` mcd`rc up ar eawg oy ag`$hckf kjg`1 Gaw`cmh s`gsar `k`d`gt aotcjgs hckf af jts jgput frad ag` okcmb kjg` whjk`th` ath`r hckf af jts jgput mad`s frad ag` whjt` kjg`' @cmh `k`d`gtl`ts cg `quck djx af okcmb cge whjt` cge thus autputs lrcy' ]uee`gky+

`ff`mtjv` r`sakutjag eraps ta >$p`rm`gt cs shawg o`kaw'

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V`rtjmck B`kk

O`mcus` th` B`kk vcku` cs e`smrjoè coav` mcg rcgl` frad z`ra ta3'>―agky wh`g c d`csur` js aotcjgè frad datjag vjeà mcg cg

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g :3 0!3>!3=

cv`rcl` vcku` o` mckmukctè' E`spjt` thjs sjdpk` `xpkcgctjag af th` B`kkfcmtar+ th`r` cr` s`v`rck ath`r `xpkcgctjags9

3' B`kk js th` rctja af th` smcg kjg` thjmbg`ss ta th` smcg kjg`spcmjgl' Uhjs magm`pt dcb`s th` B`kk fcmtar e`p`ge`gt ag th`

t`mhgakaly o`jgl usè' Cmmarejgl ta thjs vj`w+ hjlh$e`fjgjtjagMME t`mhgakaly `gcok`s c B`kk fcmtar af ckdast 3'>>'

?' B`kk js sjdpky cgath`r gcd` far th` Jgt`rkcm` Fcmtar+ whjmh js th`kass af r`sakutjag mcusè oy th` `y` gat o`jgl cok` ta s`` oathfj`kes ct th` scd` tjd`' C O`kk Kcos stuey fauge jgt`rkcm` vjeàhcs 6>$p`rm`gt k`ss cppcr`gt r`sakutjag thcg ea`s pralr`ssjv`vjeà' Cmmarejglky+ th` B`kk fcmtar far pralr`ssjv` js 3'>'

O`mcus` B`kk r`vjsè hjs d`csur` upwcre ocsè upag jdpravèt`mhgakaly+ jt js kjb`ky thct MME!MDA] ocsè mcd`rcs wjkk hcv` vcku`s

lr`ct`r thcg hjs 3:5> d`csur` af >'80' Daràv`r+ sjgm` th`d`csur`d`gt js c fugmtjag af hudcg p`rm`ptjag jt‚s cksa kjb`ky thctpralr`ssjv` smcggjgl wjkk yj`ke c d`csurè hjlh`r B`kk vcku` thcg wjkkjgt`rkcm` smcggjgl'

Harjzagtck B`kk

Dast ejsmussjags af th` B`kk fcmtar jgvakv` agky `ff`mtjv` v`rtjmckr`sakutjag o`mcus` B`kk wcs d`csurjgl v`rtjmck r`sakutjag' Haw`v`r+th` e`lr`` ta whjmh B`kk js c fugmtjag af th` ejsmr`t` scdpkjgl af magtjguaus r`ck warke+ wh`g`v`r th` jdcl` js davjgl+ jt cksa cppkj`s ta

harjzagtck r`sakutjag'

_`sakutjag Dcth Dae`k9 Uh` r`sakutjag vcku`s puokjshè jg thjseamud`gt mad` frad c dcth dae`k J hcv` e`v`kapè thct r`kct`sMME r`sakutjag ta d`csurè eygcdjm r`sakutjag' Uh` dae`k`stjdct`s r`sakutjag af t`g murr`gt HE mcd`rcs wjth cg cv`rcl` `rrar af k`ss thcg ag` pjx`k'

Uh` fakkawjgl B`kk Fcmtars cr` `dpkayè jg dy dae`k9

◆ ]E jgt`rkcm`+ v`rtjmck2 >'80

◆ ]E jgt`rkcm`+ harjzagtck2 >'80

◆ HE jgt`rkcm`+ v`rtjmck2 >'8<

◆ HE jgt`rkcm`+ harjzagtck2 >'8<

◆ HE pralr`ssjv`+ v`rtjmck2 >':0

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g :? 0!3>!3=

◆ HE pralr`ssjv`+ harjzagtck2 >':0

Vjeà js e`fjgè ta o` ‛jgt`rkcm`— ar ‛pralr`ssjv`— ocsè upag th`typ` af s`gsar smcggjgl utjkjzè―`xm`pt wh`r` jgt`rkcmè vjeà jse`rjvè frad pralr`ssjv` smcggjgl ar wh`r` jgt`rkcmè vjeà js

e`jgt`rkcmè ta l`g`rct` pralr`ssjv` vjeà'

◆ Jgt`rkcm` Ma`ffjmj`gt2 >'<0

◆ Harjzagtck Lr``g$shjft fcmtar2 3'30

Zau dust ea dar` thcg duktjpky harjzagtck scdpk`s oy >'8< (jgt`rkcm`*ar >':0 (pralr`ssjv`*' Ua ckkaw th` harjzagtck r`sakutjag ta o`d`cgjglfukky madpcrè ta v`rtjmck r`sakutjag+ yau dust fcmtar jg th`jdcl` csp`mt$rctja'

Jdcl` Csp`mt$_ctja9 <?>p (3?8>x<?>*+ <?>p HEV+ 3>8>j HEV+EVM^_A <?>p+ EVM^_A 3>8>j+ HEMCD+ cge 3>8>j (3:?>x3>8>*ckk hcv` jdcl` csp`mt$rctjas af 3'<893 (369:*'

GU]M cge ^CK ckk hcv` cg jdcl` csp`mt$rctja af 3'==93 (59=*'

\` ea thjs oy ejvjejgl th` praeumt af `ff`mtjv` scdpk` maugt cge th`B`kk fcmtar+ oy th` e`mjdck `qujvck`gt af th` jdcl`‚s csp`mt$rctja' Far

`xcdpk`+ far <?>p9 (3?8> x ':0* ü 3'<8 yj`kes 685$UVK!ph (UV Kjg`sp`r ^jmtur` H`jlht* af `ff`mtjv` harjzagtck r`sakutjag'

Uh` Ucok` o`kaw shaws `stjdctè `ff`mtjv` harjzagtck cge v`rtjmckr`sakutjag far ag` <?>p mcdmare`r cge twa 3>8>j mcdmare`rs' Z`kkawm`kks magtcjg `stjdct`s af r`ck$warke p`rfardcgm`' Uh`s` `stjdct`sdctmh d`csur`s aotcjgè frad eygcdjm r`sakutjag d`csur`s' (Uh`mcd`rc js p`rturoè jg c l`gtk` mjrmukcr datjag thct djgjdjz`s th`magtrjoutjag af pjx`k$shjft cge jgt`rpakctjag'*

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g := 0!3>!3=

IVM ^raHE ]agy V3!FX< ]agy Y3!FX3

Fardct]cdpk`s

3?8> 355> 355>

MME Makudgs 3?8> :6> :6>

Duktjpky oy Lr``g$shjft

3'30

Duktjpky oyH' ‛Fcmtar—

>'60

H' ^jx`ks 6?5

H' ^jx`ks 3?8> :6> " 6?5 4 3085 33>5

Duktjpky oy B`kkFcmtar

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Ejvje` oy Csp`mt$rctja

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@ff`mtjv`Harjzagtck_`sakutjag

UVK!ph

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Gudo`r af MME_aws

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@ff`mtjv` V`rtjmck_`sakutjag

UVK≈ 680 ≈ <<0 ≈ 05> ≈ <>0

@ff`mtjv` harjzagtck r`sakutjag mcg o` d`csur`e oy r`marejgl c stctjmjdcl` af c O&\ t`st mhcrt cge th`g vjsuckky `stjdctjgl th` gudo`r af





UVK!ph thct cr` vjsjok` jg th` v`rtjmck wèl`s jg th` mhcrt shawg jgFjlur` 5'=' (Uh` t`st r`qujr`s th` ejspkcy e`vjm` hcvjgl hjlh`rr`sakutjag thcg th` sjlgck o`jgl d`csurè'*

Fjlur` 5'=9 Jgeustry ]tcgecre _`sakutjag Mhcrt

Uh` hjlh`st kjg` maugt ct th` pajgt wh`r` th` wèl` kjg`s okur ta lrcyjs th` d`csur` af harjzagtck r`sakutjag'

Uh` r`sakutjag t`st js suoi`mtjv`' Hudcgs dcb` c iueld`gt af th`pajgt af wh`r` th` v`rtjmck kjg`s o`ljg ta okur tal`th`r' Kjb`wjs`+hudcgs dcb` c iueld`gt af th` pajgt af wh`r` th` kjg`s o`mad` clrcy okur' Zau mcg s`` oath pajgts jg Fjlur` 5'5 thct shaws th`s`wèl`s jg e`tcjk'

Jt js cksa c hudcg e`mjsjag ta e`fjg` th` r`sakutjag kjdjt ta o` th` pajgtwh`r` okur ‛o`ljgs— ar wh`r` jt o`mad`s ‛s`v`r`'—

Far th`s` r`csags+ w` shauke gat `xp`mt th` vcku`s jg th` Ucok` coav`ta pr`mjs`ky prèjmt d`csurè r`sakutjag'

Daeukctjag Urcgsf`r Fugmtjag

Jt js ckk taa maddag far fakbs ta madpcr` mcd`rcs oy usjgl `jth`r ar oaths`gsar cge!ar r`marejgl r`sakutjag sp`mjfjmctjags' Cs w` hcv` k`crgè+

th`r` c dcgy fcmtars thct cff`mt cppcr`gt shcrpg`ss' Uh`r` js cgceejtjagck fcmtar―ag` thct s`ts c kjdjt af haw shcrp c pjmtur` mcg kaab'

Uhjs js Daeukctjag Urcgsf`r Fugmtjag (DUF*' ]jdpky put+ th` ‛cppcr`gtshcrpg`ss— af cg jdcl` r`qujr`s thct magtrcst r`dcjg hjlh―jg oath k`gscge mcd`rc―cs jdcl` e`tcjk o`mad`s jgmr`csjglky fjg`'

Jg ath`r wares+ jt ea`s ga laae ta hcv` hjlh r`sakutjag jf th` magtrcsto`tw``g okcmb cge whjt` js lr`ctky ejdjgjshè' Far `xcdpk`+ jf twa kjg`s

cr` sje` oy sje`+ cge ag` js 6>$p`rm`gt lrcy cge th` ath`r js 5>$p`rm`gtlrcy+ yaur `y`s dcy s`` th`d cs c sjglk` wje` 0>$p`rm`gt lrcy kjg`' Uhus+cppcr`gt r`sakutjag js mut jg hckf' Ua cmhj`v` c hjlh DUF r`qujr`s v`ryhjlh quckjty+ cge thus v`ry `xp`gsjv`+ madpag`gts'

Uhjgb af c Daeukctjag Urcgsf`r Fugmtjag (DUF* cs c fr`qu`gmy r`spags`

murv`' Uh` Z$cxjs rugs frad kaw (oattad* ta hjlh (tap*' _`sakutjag rugs k`ftta rjlht cge js d`csurè jg UVK!ph'

Gat` th` DUF murv` ‛shauke`r— stcrts hjlh cge rakks aff ta c kagl+ kaw/faat'/ C k`gs far cg ]E mcd`rc hcs c dcrb ag th` r`sakutjag kjg` ct 5>>$UVK!ph' C k`gs far cg HE k`gs ta o` usè ag c mcd`rc wjth 3:?>x3>8>MMEs hcs c dcrb ct 8<>$UVK!ph' Uhct js twjm` cs hjlh―sa jt js ga wage`rHE k`gs`s cr` `xp`gsjv`' Haw`v`r+ far 3?8>x<?> HE―th` dcrb js agky ct0=>$UVK!ph'

Uh` o`tt`r th` k`gs+ th` hjlh`r th` murv` js av`r th` cppraprjct` dcrb' Uhjsk`ces ta thr`` magmkusjags9 Fjrst+ th`r` js c hul` ejff`r`gm` (mast* far cgHE k`gs thct hcs c murv` thct,s hjlh av`r th` 8<> UVK dcrb cge c k`gs

thct js hjlh av`r th` ]E 5>> UVK dcrb'

]`mage+ k`gs e`sjlgè ta b``p th` murv` av`r th` 8<> UVK dcrb hjlh―wjkk cmtuckky hcv` lr`ct`r shcrpg`ss ct th` 0=> UVK dcrb'

Uhjre+ th`r` js c agky c sdckk ejff`r`gm` (mast* o`tw``g c k`gs thct hcs cgmurv` thct,s hjlh av`r th` 0=> UVK dcrb cge c k`gs thct js hjlh av`r th`

5>> UVK dcrb' Uhus+ cg HE 3?8>x<?> mcd`rc mcg warb w`kk wjth c k`gsthct js sjdpky skjlhtky o`tt`r thcg cg ]E k`gs'

Vjeà Fr`qu`gmy _`spags`

Uh` lrcph o`kaw shaws th` harjzagtck fr`qu`gmy r`spags` af ]agy‚s

HV_$Y3 mcdmare`r aotcjgè wjth thr`` ejff`r`gt ]hcrpg`ss s`ttjgls'Uh` rè murv` wcs aotcjgè wjth ]hcrpg`ss s`t ct Djgjdud whjk` thòku` murv` wcs aotcjgè wjth ]hcrpg`ss s`t crt Dcxjdud' Uh` lr``gmurv` wcs aotcjgè ct th` dje$pajgt (Gardck* ]hcrpg`ss s`ttjgl'

Uh` lrcph o`kaw shaws th` v`rtjmck fr`qu`gmy r`spags` af ]agy‚s HV_$Y3 mcdmare`r+ clcjg aotcjgè ct th` scd` thr`` ]hcrpg`ss s`ttjgls'

C 3>8>j HEV mcd`rc‚s fr`qu`gmy r`spags` murv` je`ckky shauke o` fkctaut ta 355>$kjg`s harjzagtckky cge 83>$kjg`s v`rtjmckky' Uh` stragl`rth` sjlgck ct 355>$!83>$kjg`s+ th` dar` fjg` e`tcjk+ sumh cs tr``k`cv`s+ wjkk o` mk`crky vjsjok` jg wje` shats'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g :< 0!3>!3=

Cs yau mcg s`` frad th` OOM ejclrcds coav`+ cs yau kaw`r ]hcrpg`sso`kaw Gardck+ yau kas` oath dèjud cge fjg` e`tcjk' Magv`rs`ky+ csyau rcjs` ]hcrpg`ss coav` Gardck―whjk` fjg` e`tcjk js `ghcgmè+maurs` e`tcjk wjkk o` av`r$`dphcsjzè cge th` pjmtur` wjkk o`mad` ‛èly'— Uh` mcd`rc‚s Gardck s`ttjgl js usuckky aptjdck'

Cs th` sjlgck js oaastè th`r` cr` faur sje`$`ff`mts9 kjg`$twjtt`r ckjcsjglwjkk o`mad` dar` vjsjok`+ ath`r fards af ckjcsjgl wjkk o`mad` dar`vjsjok` (s`` Ckjcsjgl coav`*+ gajs` wjkk cksa o`mad` dar` vjsjok`+ cge ‛èl` rjgljgl— (s`` @el` _jgljgl o`kaw* wjkk jgmr`cs`' (Uhjs dcy+ ardcy gat+ o` e`sjrcok`'*

Vjeà Iuee`r

@v`r sjgm` ^cgcsagjm jgtraeumè jts EVX3>>―th` fjrst kaw$mastmcdmare`r thct shaats ?5fps―sad` fakbs hcv` s`gsè thct sad` vjeà

mcd`rcs r`mare ?5p vjeà thct hcs dar` iuee`r thcg ea`s fjkd'Uh` r`csag far thjs p`rm`ptjag mcg o` fauge jg c OOM eamud`gt(www'oom'ma'ub!re!puos!whp!whp$pef$fjk`s!\H^>0='pef *' Uhèamud`gt stct`s ‛Iuee`r js jg`vjtcok` jg cgy ejspkcy syst`d thct shawssaurm` jdcl`s dar` thcg agm` Rcs js g`m`sscry wjth kaw t`dparck rct`vjeà ta pr`v`gt fkjmb`rT+ out th` p`rm`ptjag af jt e`p`ges ag th`shcrpg`ss af th` jdcl`s'— Cge+ ‛Uh` shcrpg`ss af aoi`mt èl`s jsmagtrakkè oy th` syst`d DUF…'—

Uh` eamud`gt la`s ag ta scy+ ‛Oy madpcrjsag Rwjth fjkdT+ vjeà

mcd`rcs dcjgtcjg th`jr fr`qu`gmy r`spags` … jg th` djeek` fr`qu`gmyrcgl` …'— Cge+ ‛Jt js thjs ejff`r`gm`+ th` djeek`$fr`qu`gmy jdcl`magt`gt+ thct eadjgct`s th` p`rm`ptjag af jdcl` iuee`r+ … cge js th`r`csag why vjeà$saurmè jdcl`s cr` aft`g magsje`rè ta iuee`r dar`thcg ea`s fjkd'—

K`gs DUF

Dcgy pra shaat`rs ouy ar r`gt `xp`gsjv` k`gs`s thct hcv` cg `xt`geèDUF thct trcgsdjt jdcl`s wjth kats af fjg` e`tcjk' Uh` pr`s`gm` af fjgè`tcjk mr`ct`s c ockcgm` ta th` pr`s`gm` af dje$fr`qu`gmy e`tcjk thctr`pr`s`gts aoi`mt èl`s' Jg`xp`gsjv` k`gs`s pcss agky th` dje$

fr`qu`gmy―èl`―e`tcjk' Uh` o`tt`r c k`gs+ th` lr`ct`r th` syst`d DUF'

MME DUF

Uh`r` js c fugecd`gtck ejff`r`gm` o`tw``g fjkd cge vjeà mcd`rcs'Fjkd hcs c fcjrky fkct fr`qu`gmy r`spags`+ cs shawg o`kaw'





Ejljtck vjeà mcd`rcs+ haw`v`r+ scdpk` th` jdcl`' Ua pr`v`gtckjcsjgl+ c kaw$pcss cgtj$ckjcsjgl fjkt`r js pkcmè jg th` cgckal pctho`tw``g th` s`gsar(s* cge th` cgckal$ta$ejljtck magv`rt`r(s*' ]jgm` gafjkt`r mcg sjdpky trugmct` c sjlgck `xcmtky ct th` Gyqujst fr`qu`gmy―th` fjkt`r mut$aff fr`qu`gmy dust o` s`t ct c kaw`r pajgt th`ròymcusjgl c kass af fjg` e`tcjk' Uh` dar` saphjstjmctè―r`ce `xp`gsjv`―th` st``p`r th` fjkt`r‚s skap` cge th` k`ss fjg` e`tcjk dust o` r`davècge+ th`r`far`+ th` hjlh`r th` syst`d DUF'

Uh` mhcrt o`kaw smh`dctjmckky shaws th` thàr`tjmck ocgewjeth af fjkd(oku`*+ th` fr`qu`gmy r`spags` af cg `xp`gsjv` HE mcd`rc (lr``g*

thct hcs c hjlh DUF+ cge th` r`spags` af cg kaw$mast HE mcd`rc (rè*wjth c kaw DUF'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g :: 0!3>!3=

Cs shawg coav`+ c kaw DUF mcdmare`r mcptur`s kjttk` fjg` e`tcjk' Uh`sakutjag+ shawg o`kaw+ js ta ‛`quckjz`— th` mcd`rc‚s fr`qu`gmyr`spags` oy oaastjgl th` dje$fr`qu`gmj`s'

Uhjs js mckkè ‛cp`rtur` marr`mtjag— cge mcg o` ceiustè ta sadè`lr`` oy th` mcd`rc‚s ]hcrpg`ss magtrak'

\hjk` sad` fjg` e`tcjk js r`starè oy cp`rtur` marr`mtjag+ èl`shcrpg`ss js cksa sjlgjfjmcgtky jgmr`csè' O`mcus` davjgl èl`s mcrry iuee`r―iuee`r js cksa cdpkjfjè' (Ocmblrauge iuee`r+ af maurs`+ js cksacdpkjfjè oy th` hul` E`pth$af$Fj`ke praeumè oy mcdmare`rs thct`dpkay tjgy jdcl` s`gsars'*




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3>> 0!3>!3=

Jt js gat passjok` ta sakv` thjs praok`d―cs dcgy try―oy sjdpky muttjgl]hcrpg`ss ta th` djgjdud cs thjs r`sukts jg c s`v`r` kass af fjgè`tcjk'

Ag` aptjag thct mcg rèum` p`rm`jvè iuee`r+ js ta e`mr`cs` shutt`r$

sp`è ta ?36$e`lr``s frad 38>$e`lr``s+ th`ròy jgmr`csjgl datjagokur thct skjlhtky saft`gs th` èl`s af davjgl aoi`mts'

Cgath`r aptjag js ta shaat 3>8>j6>!=>p wh`r` th` hjlh`r frcd`$rct`jgh`r`gtky rèum`s iuee`r' Ath`r cevcgtcl`s af =>p cr` gat agky cr`ga sp`mjck mcptur` fugmtjags r`qujrè―sumh cs pukkeawg r`davck―yaumcg èjt jg `jth`r c =>p ar 6>j tjd`kjg`' Uh`r`far`+ ugk`ss yau pkcg tamagv`rt ta fjkd+ shaatjgl 3>8>j6>!=>p―wjth jts dae`rct`ky kawt`dparck rct`―js c lr`ct aptjag'

@el` @ghcgm`d`gt

@jth`r+ ar oath+ harjzagtck cge v`rtjmck èl`s mcg o` ckt`rè tae`mr`cs` ar jgmr`cs` cppcr`gt jdcl` shcrpg`ss' Ua jgmr`cs` cppcr`gtshcrpg`ss+ wh`g cg èl` js okcmb+ jt js autkjgè jg whjt` ta dcb` th`èl` dar` ejstjgmt' Jf cg èl` js okcmb+ jt js autkjgè jg whjt`' Uhjs jsmckkè @el` @ghcgm`d`gt'

\hjk` thjs ea`s dcb` aoi`mts cpp`cr dar` ejstjgmt+ th` sje` `ff`mt js`xtrc gag$r`ck e`tcjk jg th` pjmtur`' Uh`s` e`tcjks cr` crtjfcmts' Uh`ycr` `sp`mjckky gatjm`cok` wh`g vjeà js magv`rtè ta fjkd'

Uh` @el` @ghcgm`d`gt ceiustd`gt js dce` wjth th` ‛E`tcjk— ar ‛]hcrpg`ss— magtrak'

Ø ]hcrpg`ss―ceiust oath harjzagtck cge v`rtjmck èl`s'

Ø V`rtjmck ]hcrpg`ss―ckt`rs th` èl`s af harjzagtck kjg`s'

Ø Harjzagtck ]hcrpg`ss― ckt`rs th` èl`s af v`rtjmck kjg`s'

]ad` mcd`rcs pravje` twa magtraks9 ]hcrpg`ss cge E`tcjk' Jg thjsmcs`+ th` ]hcrpg`ss magtrak ckt`rs th` èl`s af aoi`mts (dje$fr`qu`gmj`s* whjk` th` E`tcjk magtrak jgmr`cs`s ar e`mr`cs`s th`cdaugt af fjg` e`tcjk (hjlh$fr`qu`gmj`s'*

@el` `ghcgm`d`gt jgmr`cs`s cs th` ]hcrpg`ss magtrak oaasts th` dje$fr`qu`gmj`s' Uh`r`far`+ jf yau try ta r`dav` èl` `ghcgm`d`gt+ oys`ttjgl ]hcrpg`ss magtrak ta z`ra+ oath maurs` cge fjg` e`tcjk wjkk o`kast' Jf yau pkcg ta trcgsf`r ta fjkd+ thjs r`sukt js gat whct yau g`è'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3>3 0!3>!3=

_cth`r+ ceiust ]hcrpg`ss ta rèum` th` aoi`mtjagcok` autkjg`s cs dumhcs passjok` whjk` gat saft`gjgl th` jdcl`'

@el` _jgljgl

Uh` OOM ejclrcd o`kaw shaws th` wcv`fard af c trcgsjtjag frad lrcy$

ta$whjt` (th` st`p$up* cge whjt`$thraulh$lrcy$ta$okcmb (th` st`peawg*' Jf th` stcrt cge `ge af `cmh st`p cr` raugeè (c ]hcrpg`sss`ttjgl af ‛3—*+ aoi`mt èl`s wjkk o` v`ry saft' Magv`rs`ky+ ct c]hcrpg`ss s`ttjgl af ‛36+— `cmh st`p o`ljgs wjth cg av`rshaat ta`xm`ssjv` whjt` ar `xm`ssjv` okcmb' Uh` av`rshaat js mckkè ‛rjgljgl'—

Fjlur` 5'09 ]agy HV_$C3 @el` _`spags`

Gat` thct `cmh st`p `ges wjth c skjlhtky ejff`r`gt typ` af rjgljgl'K`cejgl rjgljgl js aptjdck wjth ]hcrpg`ss ct ‛5— whjk` trcjkjgl rjgljgljs aptjdck wjth ]hcrpg`ss ct ‛3?'— Uh` dje$pajgt af th`s` ta vcku`s js ‛8— whjmh js th` mcd`rc‚s Gardck s`ttjgl'

]`gsar ]jz`

âpukcr s`gsar sjz`s rcgl` frad ?!=$jgmh+ 3!?$jgmh+ 3!=$jgmh+ 3!5$jgmh+3!0$jgmh+ cge 3!6$jgmh' Av`r th` kcst e`mce`s th`r` hcs o``g c tr`getawcres th` us` af sdckk MME cge MDA] mhjps―ckthaulh dast

praf`ssjagck mcd`rcs magtjgu` ta `dpkay ?!=$jgmh MMEs' Uh`r` cr`s`v`rck cevcgtcl`s ta sdckk mhjps'

O`mcus` s`gsars cr` mr`ctè ag rauge sjkjmag ejsms+ th` sdckk`r `cmhmhjp th` lr`ct`r gudo`r thct mcg o` dcgufcmturè p`r ejsm' Uhjs mutsmhjp mast―whjk`+ af maurs`+ cksa jgmr`csjgl th` dcgufcmtur`r‚s prafjt'Uh` sdckk`r th` s`gsar+ th` sdckk`r cge k`ss `xp`gsjv` th` aptjms' Cge+




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3>? 0!3>!3=

af maurs`+ c sdckk k`gs cge sdckk s`gsar css`doky `gcok`s c dar`madpcmt mcd`rc' Pgfartugct`ky+ th`r` cr` cksa s`v`rck eawgsje`s tasdckk s`gsars'

Ejffrcmtjag Jgt`rf`r`gm`

Cs yau stap eawg cg jrjs (cp`rtur`*+ aptjmck ejffrcmtjag mcus`s fjgè`tcjk ta okur cge uktjdct`ky o` kast' Uhjs `ff`mt js mckkè ‛ejffrcmtjagjgt`rf`r`gm`— cge mcg o` s``g wh`g twa pajgts af kjlht pcss thraulhcg aptjmck syst`d cge cr` prai`mtè ag c okcgb surfcm`' @cmh pajgtmr`ct`s c ejffrcmtjag pctt`rg mckkè cg ‛Cjry— ejsb (shawg o`kaw*' Cskagl cs twa ejstjgmt ejsbs cr` vjsjok`+ jrjs sjz` js gat mcusjgl c kass af e`tcjk'

Cmmarejgl ta th` ‛_cyk`jlh mrjt`rjag+— twa ‛Cjry— ejsbs wjkk o` s``g cstwa ejstjgmt ejsbs wh`g th`y cr` ct k`cst hckf th`jr ejcd`t`r cpcrt' Hckf th` ejcd`t`r af c ejsb js `quck ta c ejsb‚s rcejus' Uh` rcejus af cg Cjryejsb js 3'?? tjd`s th` wcv`k`glth af kjlht `gt`rjgl c k`gs tjd`s th` f$

stap af th` k`gs'F$stap js th` rctja af famck k`glth cge jrjs ejcd`t`r' Far `xcdpk`+ c3>dd ejcd`t`r cp`rtur` ag c 8>dd k`gs js f!8' Cs c rctja+ jt jsjge`p`ge`gt af th` cmtuck famck k`glth cge cmtuck cp`rtur` sjz`'

Uh`r`far`+ th` cojkjty af th` jdcl` s`gsar ta ejsmrjdjgct` e`tcjkse`p`ges ag oath e`tcjk makar cge th` f$stap ct whjmh yau hcv` s`t th`mcd`rc‚s k`gs'

\jth 3!=$jgmh+ 3 d`lcpjx`k s`gsars+ oku` e`tcjks wjkk o` mk`cr ta f!8

whjk` lr``g e`tcjks wjkk o` mk`cr ta f!0'6' _è e`tcjks wjkk o` mk`cr taf!5' Je`ckky+ yau ea gat wcgt ta stap eawg furth`r thcg f!0'6'

E`pth$af$Fj`ke

\h`g yau famus ag c fkct aoi`mt kjb` c sjlg+ th`r` js c rcgl` jg fragt af th` sjlg cge o`hjge th` sjlg jg whjmh ath`r sjlgs wjkk o` jg famus' Uhjsrcgl` js mckkè E`pth$af$Fj`ke (EAF*' C kcrl` ar sdckk E`pth$af$fj`ke jsg`jth`r jgh`r`gtky laae gar oce' Jt ckk e`p`ges ag yaur g`ès'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3>= 0!3>!3=

Jg dcgy mcs`s+ `sp`mjckky far fjkddcbjgl+ th` ejr`mtar wcgts c v`ryshckkaw E`pth$af$fj`ke+ whjmh b``ps ocmblrauge e`tcjk aut af famus'

Vjeàlrcph`rs typjmckky wcgt c kcrl` E`pth$af$fj`ke o`mcus` jt dcb`sfamusjgl k`ss mrjtjmck o`mcus` jt k`ts yau b``p th` e`pth af cg `gtjr`

sm`g` jg famus' E`pth$af$Fj`ke js e`mr`csè wh`g th` jrjs (cp`rtur`* jsap`gè+ `'l'+ tawcre f!3'6' Haw`v`r+ jdcl` quckjty mcg suff`r jf th`jrjs js fukky ap`gè' (]`` Jdcl` E`lrcectjag ct DcxjdudCp`rtur` o`kaw'* E`pth$af$Fj`ke js cksa e`mr`csè oy shaatjgl wjthth` k`gs zaadè ta fukk t`k`phata'

Haw`v`r+ th` prjd` e`t`rdjg`r af E`pth$af$Fj`ke js th` sjz` af th`s`gsar' Uh` sdckk`r th` s`gsar+ th` lr`ct`r th` E`pth$af$Fj`ke' Far thjsr`csag+ dcgy fjkddcb`rs ea gat kjb` ta us` mcd`rcs wjth s`gsars thctd`csur` k`ss thcg ?!=$jgmh'

Kjlht ]`gsjtjvjtyCs s`gsar sjz` o`mad`s sdckk`r+ `gljg``rs hcv` c taulh mhajm` tadcb`' @jth`r e`mr`cs` th` gudo`r af `k`d`gts cge b``p `k`d`gt sjz`magstcgt+ ar jgmr`cs` `k`d`gt maugt cge e`mr`cs` `k`d`gt sjz`'Mk`crky+ HE s`gsars dust mhaas` th` kctt`r pcth'

@cmh s`gsar `k`d`gt lcth`rs c tjgy partjag af th` kjlht frad th`jdcl`' Uh` sdckk`r cg `k`d`gt+ th` kaw`r th` cojkjty cg `k`d`gt hcs talcth`r phatags' Uh`r`far`+ cs MME cge MDA] e`gsjty js jgmr`csè+s`gsar kjlht s`gsjtjvjty e`mr`cs`s' Uh`r`far`+ w` shauke gat o`surprjsè ta fjge HE mcd`rcs aff`rjgl k`ss s`gsjtjvjty thcg ]E mcd`rcs'

Af maurs`+ cevcgm`s jg t`mhgakaly mcg cksa jgmr`cs` s`gsar s`gsjtjvjty'Ag` sumh t`mhgakaly js th` pkcm`d`gt af djmra$k`gs`s av`r `cmhs`gsar `k`d`gt' Pgfartugct`ky+ `cmh k`gs mcg mr`ct` purpk` lkaw(hckctjag* frad Kagljtuejgck (ar cxjck* Mhradctjm Co`rrctjag'

Jdcl` E`lrcectjag ct Dcxjdud Cp`rtur`

Jdcl` quckjty mcg suff`r frad kjlht fckk$aff2 marg`r saft`gjgl2 cgeKagljtuejgck (ar cxjck* Mhradctjm Co`rrctjag (jg th` fard af c purpk`lkaw crauge aoi`mts* wh`g shaatjgl wje` ap`g' Uh`r`far`+ th` je`ck

cp`rtur` s`ttjgl typjmckky js sdckk`r thcg f!?'8' \hjmh d`cgs th`lr`ct`r th` MME ar MDA] s`gsjtjvjty+ th` k`ss g`è ta us` dcxjdudcp`rtur` s`ttjgls'

Kct`rck Mhradctjm Co`rrctjag

Kct`rck (ar Urcgsv`rs`* Mhradctjm Co`rrctjag js ejff`r`gt fradKagljtuejgck Mhradctjm o`mcus` jt js gat jgmr`csè ar e`mr`csè oy

k`gs cp`rtur`' Kct`rck Mhradctjm Co`rrctjag js typjmckky vjsjok` ag hjlh$magtrcst aoi`mts cs dcl`gtc autkjg`s ag` sje` cge lr``g autkjg`s agth` ath`r sje`' Uh` co`rrctjag js jgmr`csè ct kagl`r famck k`glth'

Kctjtue`

\h`g orjlhtg`ss eauok`s+ w` scy jt hcs jgmr`csè oy ag` F$stap' Uhòrjlhtg`ss rcgl` af c sm`g` thct mcg o` mcpturè oy c mcd`rc jsmagsje`rè c mcd`rc‚s kctjtue`'

G`lctjv` fjkd stamb mcg r`mare 3=$ ta 30$staps af kjlht' Uhus+ w` scy=0dd fjkd aff`rs ct k`cst 3=$staps af kctjtue`' Uh` g`w`st cge v`ry`xp`gsjv` ?!=$jgmh s`gsar mhjps usè jg HE mcd`rcs+ ckagl wjth th`jr ‛wje`$ware— E]^ pram`ssjgl+ aff`r c kctjtue` `quck ta fjkd'

Gcturckky+ w` wcgt th` scd` kctjtue` rcgl` frad HEV mcdmare`rs'Murr`gt HEV mcdmare`rs―e`p`gejgl ag th`jr s`ttjgls―mcg r`marecppraxjdct`ky <$staps usjgl c ‛stcgecre vjeà— lcddc murv`' (]``Lcddc'* Oy usjgl th` marr`mt s`ttjgls+ kctjtue` mcg o` `xt`geè tacoaut 3>$staps+ e`p`gejgl+ af maurs`+ ag th` mcd`rc'

G`v`rth`k`ss+ wh`g sad` prasud`r cge g`crky+ jf gat ckk+ magsud`rHE mcdmare`rs shaat c v`ry hjlh$magtrcst sm`g`+ jf `xpasur` jsceiustè ta marr`mtky `xpas` c orjlht sby+ cs shawg jg Fjlur` 5'6+ath`r aoi`mts wjkk o` uge`r$`xpasè'

Fjlur` 5'69 ^`rf`mt ]by _`praeumtjag

Jg Fjlur` 5'<―ag th` k`ft ejspkcy―th` sby e`tcjk shawg jg Fjlur` 5'6

r`dcjgs cs jg Fjlur` 5'6 o`mcus` th` `xpasur` hcs gat mhcglè'Haw`v`r+ ckk e`tcjk hcs o``g kast frad th` ocmbkjt+ rè orjmb oujkejgl'Daràv`r+ th` whjt` mcr‚s raaf (kaw`r partjag af th` sm`g`* kaabs kjb` jthce o``g shat ag c v`ry av`rmcst ecy' Uh` r`ckjty af th` sm`g` hcso``g e`strayè'

O`kaw+ th` djeek` ejspkcy js c \cv`fard Dagjtar shawjgl th`djgjdud sjlgck ct > J_@ cge th` dcxjdud ct 3>> J_@' Uh` rjlhtejspkcy shaws c Hjstalrcd Dagjtar af th` sm`g`' Gat` haw dast af th``g`rly js mraweè tawcre th` k`ft jgejmctjgl thct dumh af th` sm`g` jsuge`r$`xpasè―`xcmtky whct w` s``'

Fjlur` 5'<9 Orjmb Oujkejgl Fcm` D`csur`s ct ?8 J_@

\h`g th` `xpasur` js marr`mt far th` puffy mkaues+ th` orjmb oujkejgld`csur`s agky ?8 J_@' Fjlur` 5'8 e`dagstrct`s haw th` ocmbkjt rèorjmb oujkejgl cge th` whjt` mcr kaab jg ‛r`ckjty'—

Fjlur` 5'89 Orjmb Oujkejgl \ckk D`csur`s ct <= J_@

Oy d`csurjgl th` J_@ vcku` af th` rè oujkejgl wh`g th` shat hcso``g marr`mtky `xpasè far th` mcr cge oujkejgl+ th` d`csurè sjlgckk`v`k far th` orjmb oujkejgl js <= J_@' Uhct js c ejff`r`gm` af 50 J_@'

Gaw k`t‚s try ap`gjgl th` Jrjs ugtjk th` oujkejgl kaabs+ jg th` vj`wfjge`r+dar` cs jt ea`s jg r`ckjty' Cge+ jge`è th` sjlgck k`v`k af th` oujkejgl

wckk jgmr`cs`s ta 6> J_@ cs shawg jg Fjlur` 5':―mkas`r ta th` marr`mtvcku` af <= J_@'

Fjlur` 5':9 Orjmb Oujkejgl Fcm` D`csur`s ct 6>J_@

Pgfartugct`ky+ cs yau mcg s`` coav`+ o`mcus` af jgce`quct` mcd`rckctjtue`+ th` sby hjlhkjlhts hcv` okawg$aut' ]jdpky put+ th` mcd`rcg`ès `gaulh ceejtjagck kctjtue` ta ckkaw th` 3>> J_@ sjlgck ta o`r`mareè ct 350 J_@' Uhct wauke r`qujr` av`r 5> J_@ af ceejtjagckkctjtue`'

\h`g w` scy w` g`è coaut 5> J_@ dar` kctjtue`+ w` cr` csbjgl farcoaut ?$staps dar` kctjtue`' (C ‛stap— js gat c fjxè gudo`r af J_@ugjts+ out av`r th` 3>> J_@ rcgl`+ th` cv`rcl` js coaut ?> J_@ ugjts'*

V`ry hjlh$magtrcst sm`g`s r`qujr` c madpradjs` `xpasur` sumh cs thctshawg jg Fjlur` 5'3>'

Fjlur` 5'3>9 Orjmb Oujkejgl D`csur`s ct 56J_@

Uh` orjmb oujkejgl cpp`crs k`ss ecrb whjk` sad` r`dgcgts r`dcjg af th` oku` sby' Uh` fcm` af th` oujkejgl gaw d`csur`s 56 J_@ rcth`rthcg th` marr`mt <= J_@' Uhct‚s cppraxjdct`ky 3'0$staps kaw`r'

Jf yau awg c mcdmare`r wjth jgce`quct` kctjtue` cge yau wcgt tashaat usjgl C@9

✕ Zau mcg us` C@ ]hjft ta ojcs th` `xpasur` kaw`r'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3>< 0!3>!3=

C!E cge E]^ Kctjtue`

Cgath`r saurm` af okawg hjlhkjlhts js th` us` af cgckal$ta$ejljtckmagv`rt`rs wjth jgsuffjmj`gt eygcdjm rcgl`' Uh` djgjdud cmm`ptcok`scdpk` sjz` js 35$ojts' Je`ckky+ th` E]^ ware$k`glth shauke o` ct k`cst?$ojts kagl`r thcg thct af th` C!E'

Lcddc

\jthaut e`sm`gejgl jgta `xm`ssjv` e`tcjk+ ‛lcddc— ckt`rs th` sjlgckjgput frad th` s`gsar(s* ta ag` thct pravje`s c e`sjrè kaab' Jt js agàf th` dast jdpartcgt st`ps jg dcppjgl sm`g` orjlhtg`ss ta J_@ sjlgck'

Lcddc tcb`s th` fard af c r`kctjag o`tw``g Jgput (th` X cxjs* cgeAutput (Z cxjs*' Uhus+ lcddc mcg o` r`pr`s`gtè oy c murv`' Uh`sjdpk`st murv` ta vjsuckjz` js ag` thct js kjg`cr cge stcrts ct th` kaw`r$k`ft af c lcddc mhcrt cge rugs ta th` upp`r$rjlht af th` mhcrt' ]`` th`

rjlhtdast murv` af th` faur lrcphs jg th` Fjlur` 5'33'

Fjlur` 5'339 Kjg`cr Lcddc Murv`

Far sad` mcd`rcs+ agky ag` lcddc s`ttjgl js cvcjkcok`' Haw`v`r+

mcdmare`rs thct cr` dar` `xp`gsjv` ckkaw yau ta s`k`mt ejff`r`gtlcddc murv`s'

\h`g th` lcddc murv` oaws o`kaw kjg`cr lcddc+ dje$shce`s cr`pushè skjlhtky ecrb`r th`ròy pravjejgl okcmb$madpr`ss far jgmr`csèjdcl` magtrcst' ]`` th` rjlhtdast murv` af th` faur lrcphs jg Fjlur`5'3?'





Fjlur` 5'3?9 Ecrb`gjgl Lcddc Murv`

\h`g c lcddc murv` oaws coav` kjg`cr lcddc+ dje$shce`s cr`pushè skjlhtky orjlht`r th`ròy pravjejgl okcmb$str`tmh far e`mr`csèjdcl` magtrcst' ]`` th` rjlhtdast murv` af th` faur lrcphs jg th`Fjlur` 5'3='

Fjlur` 5'3=9 Kjlhtgjgl Lcddc MurvÙh` thr`` pjmtur`s coav` cr` sjdukctjags' \h`g yau s`` puokjshèlcddc murv`s far mcd`rcs+ th`y wjkk kaab v`ry ejff`r`gt' Uh` kjg`crmurv` jg th` sjdukctjag wjkk cpp`cr oawè upwcre '




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3>: 0!3>!3=

Lcddc Murv`s

Uh` Lrcph o`kaw shaws lcddc murv`s frad ]agy‚s HV_$C3 HEVmcdmare`r' Uh` C3 ckkaws yau ta s`k`mt frad c s`t af lcddc murv`s'

Okcmb ]tr`tmh Murv`

Okcmb ]tr`tmh kjlht`gs th` jdcl`' Jt agky shauke ckt`r th` oattadrcgl`―gat th` `gtjr` kjlht rcgl`' Oy `gcokjgl Okcmb ]tr`tmh+ up ta 3$stap af ceejtjagck kctjtue` mcg o` mcptur`e'

Okcmb Madpr`ss Murv`

Okcmb Madpr`ss ecrb`gs th` ecrb`r shce`s jg cg jdcl`' Jt shauke agkyckt`r th` oattad rcgl`―gat th` `gtjr` kjlht rcgl`'

Mjg`dc Lcddc Murv`

Jf w` kaab ct th` oattad$`ge af th` murv`+ w` mcg s`` c dciar

ejff`r`gm` o`tw``g faur lcddc aptjags'





Gardck lcddc cge ‛Mjg` 3— cr` v`ry sjdjkcr' Mjg`dc Lcddc 3 agkyskjlhtky mrush`s ecrb`r shce`s' Jt cksa rèum`s kctjtue` oy coaut 3!?$stap' Uhjs dae`+ wjth jts skjlhtky fkctt`r lcddc murv`+ p`rfards c ojtkjb` r`v`rsck (@btcmhrad` cge Fuijmhrad` fjkd* fjkd stamb' (_`v`rsck

fjkd yj`kes c ‛pasjtjv`— jdcl` cft`r o`jgl e`v`kapè'*

‛Mjg` ?— mrush`s th` ecrb`r shce`s cge jg eajgl sa jt rèum`s kctjtueòy ckdast 3'0$staps' Uhjs dae`+ wjth jts fkctt`r lcddc murv`+p`rfards c ojt kjb` g`lctjv` (`'l'+ VJ]JAG? cge @U@_GC* fjkd stamb'(G`lctjv` fjkd yj`kes c tagckky jgv`rtè ‛g`lctjv`— jdcl` cft`r o`jgle`v`kapè'*

\hct js c ‛Bg``—1

Ua jgmr`cs` cppcr`gt kjlht kctjtue`+ c mjrmujt js `dpkayè ta pr`v`gt

hjlhkjlht e`tcjk frad lajgl fukky whjt`' Uhjs mjrmujt js mckkè c ‛bg``— cge jtejsprapartjagct`ky e`mr`cs`s sjlgck k`v`k cs orjlhtg`ss jgmr`cs`s' Uh`lack js ta b``p dcxjdud sjlgck k`v`k ct 3>> J_@ ta 33> J_@'

C bg`` js shawg jg Fjlur`s 5'35 cge 5'30' Jt hcs twa pcrts9 c dar` kjg`cr

cr`c thct stcrts ct z`ra jgput' Ct sad` pajgt ckagl thjs partjag+ th` bg`` js





pasjtjagè thct o`cbs th` kjg`cr murv` jgta c fcr k`ss kjg`cr s`ld`gt' C Kawbg`` lcddc murv` js shawg jg Fjlur` 5'35'

Fjlur` 5'359 Kaw$bg`` Lcddc

Uh` s`mage s`ld`gt madpr`ss`s th` orjlht`r shce`s cge mcg pravje` up

ta cg ceejtjagck ?$staps af kctjtue`' Uhjs ckkaws vjeà mcd`rcs ta pravje`ckdast :$staps af kctjtue`' \jth Okcmb ]tr`tmh `gcokè+ kctjtue` mcgjgmr`cs` ta ckdast 3>$staps'

C Hjlh bg`` lcddc murv` js shawg jg Fjlur` 5'30' Jt `xpcges orjlht`rshce`s+ ceejgl spcrbk` ta c sm`g` jkkudjgctè oy+ far `xcdpk`+ cgav`rmcst sby'

Fjlur` 5'309 Hjlh$bg`` Lcddc





Ag c magsud`r mcd`rc+ th` bg`` js typjmckky fjxè ar Cutadctjm' Ag cpraf`ssjagck mcd`rc+ yau dcy o` cok` ta s`t th` bg`` pajgt' Cg cutadctjm

bg`` s`ts th` bg`` ocsè upag th` rcgl` af kjlht jg c sm`g`' \h`g th`rcgl` js kcrl`+ th` bg`` js davè ta c kaw pajgt' \h`g th` rcgl` js sdckk+th` bg`` js davè ta c hjlh pajgt' O`mcus` th` bg`` ceiusts th` sjlgck far

`cmh makar+ jt js passjok` thct Cuta dae` mcg yj`ke skjlhtky ejff`r`gt bg``pajgts mcusjgl skjlht makar shjfts' Far thjs r`csag+ pras pr`f`r ta s`t th`bg`` pajgt ct Hjlh+ Dèjud+ ar Kaw'

Fjkd Lcddc

Cmmarejgl ta Baecb+ ‛r`lcrek`ss af fjkd typ`+ ckk fjkd lcddc murv`scr` madpasè af fjv` r`ljags9 E$djg (djgjdud e`gsjty jgejmctè oycr`c o`far` C*+ th` ta` (C ta O*+ th` kjg`cr partjag (O ta M*+ th`shauke`r (M ta E*+ cge E$dcx (dcxjdud e`gsjty ct E*'— Uh`s`s`ld`gts cr` shawg jg Fjlur` 5'36'

Fjlur` 5'369 Uypjmck Fjkd Lcddc Murv`

@xpasur`s k`ss thcg ct C ag g`lctjv` fjkd+ wjkk gat o` r`mareè csmhcgl`s jg fjkd e`gsjty' Uh` ta` (C ta O* js th` partjag af th` murv`wh`r` th` skap` jgmr`cs`s lrceuckky' Uh` strcjlht$kjg` (O ta M* js th`partjag af th` murv` wh`r` th` skap` ea`s gat mhcgl`' Far aptjdud

r`sukts+ ckk sjlgjfjmcgt pjmtur` jgfardctjag shauke o` pkcmè ag th`

strcjlht$kjg` partjag' Uh` shauke`r (M ta E* js th` partjag af th` murv`wh`r` th` skap` e`mr`cs`s' \h`g dcxjdud e`gsjty (E$dcx* af th`





fjkd js r`cmhè+ furth`r mhcgl`s jg `xpasur` wjkk praeum` ga jgmr`cs` jgfjkd e`gsjty'

Far trcgsf`r ta fjkd+ vjeà lcddc shauke o` ckjlgè ta dctmh th`kjg`cr (O$ta$M* r`ljag' Uhjs r`qujr`s c dar` kjg`cr lcddc thcg thct

gardckky usè ag vjeà mcd`rcs' ]ad` mcd`rcs hcv` c sp`mjck ‛fjkd$aut— lcddc murv`'

Haw`v`r+ th` jssu` js dar` madpk`x' Uh`r` cr` twa typ`s af ‛mjg`dclcddc'— ^cgcsagjm gat`s th` fakkawjgl'

Mjg` Lcddc9 Mjg` Lcddc wcs e`v`kapè ag th` cssudptjag thctth` fjgck magt`gt js r`k`csè ag =0dd fjkd' \` e`v`kapè c lcddc

murv` far th` vjeà syst`d ta mkas`ky dctmh thct af =0dd fjkd'

Jg ceejtjag+ wjth th` maap`rctjag af c fcdaus Icpcg`s`

mjg`dctalrcph`r cge Ua`j Mh`djmck Ma+ Kte'+ w` `stcokjshè cKaab$Pp$Ucok` (KPU* ta r`turg th` mcpturè vjeà sjlgck ocmb ta=0dd fjkd vjc Crrj Kcs`r _`mare`r' Cs c r`sukt+ w` w`r` cok` ta

r`ckjz` th` cpp`crcgm` af cg jdcl` ckdast `quck ta =0dd fjkdr`marejgl'

\h`g yau vj`w Mjg` (Fjkd$aut* Lcddc ag c stcgecrevjeà dagjtar+ jt wjkk hcv` v`ry kaw magtrcst' ]p`mjckdagjtars cr` cvcjkcok` thct wjkk ejspkcy Mjg` lcddc th`wcy ta wjkk kaab ag fjkd'

U`k` Lcddc9 U`k` Lcddc wcs e`v`kapè ag th` cssudptjag thct

th` fjgck magt`gt js vj`wè ag c t`k`vjsjag dagjtar+ far `xcdpk`+ cercdc+ ar eamud`gtcry' Jt mr`ct`s th` kaab af fjkd ag vjeà'

\hct js c Makar Dctrjx1

\` ckk bgaw thct `cmh mcd`rc dcgufcmtur` hcs jts awg ‛kaab'— ]ad` hcv`c maak kaab whjk` ath`rs hcv` c wcrd kaab' C mcd`rc‚s kaab js e`t`rdjgèoy jts ‛makar dctrjx'— Ct c djgjdud+ c dctrjx aff`rs c wcy ta e`fjg` th`shce` af th` thr`` prjdcry makars9 _è+ Lr``g+ cge Oku`'

@cmh af th`s` prjdcry makars js e`t`rdjgè oy th` cdaugt af sjlgck k`v`k

frad th` MMEs' Uh`r` cr` sp`mjfjè shce`s far `cmh af th`s` thr``prjdcry makars' Far GU]M thjs sp`mjfjmctjag js mckkè JUP$6>3' Far HE+ th`JUP$<>: sp`mjfjmctjag e`fjg`s th` prjdcry makars'

C mcd`rc‚s fcmtary af jts dctrjx js jts ‛makarjd`try'— Far `xcdpk`+ lr``g

dcy o` e`fjgè ta hcv` c okujsh mcst' Zau wjkk r`malgjz` sumh cmcdmare`r oy kaabjgl ct th` makars af k`cv`s ag tr``s'

Cs yau djlht lu`ss+ th` `xcmt shce`s af th` prjdcry makars e`fjg` th`gctur` af whjt`9 c wcrd ar c maak whjt`' Cge+ whjt` e`fjg`s th` mcd`rc‚slrcysmck`' C maak whjt` dcy `gcok` c dar` cmmurct` r`ge`rjgl afMcumcsjcg sbjg tag`s―`v`g thaulh th` kaab dcy o` k`ss fkctt`rjgl'

Uaecy dcgy EV cge HEV mcdmare`rs aff`r us`r ceiustcok` dctrjxs`ttjgls' Uypjmckky+ far `cmh prjdcry makar (_è* ar makar madpag`gt (Z$_*+th`r` wjkk o` c K`v`k magtrak cge c ^hcs` magtrak'

Jg ceejtjag ta th` thr`` prjdcry makars+ c dctrjx mcg e`fjg` th` shce` af th`thr`` s`magecry makars9 y`kkaw+ mycg+ cge dcl`gtc'

Oy shjftjgl th` phcs` af y`kkaw c wcy frad oku` cge tawcres rè―orawgcge gag$Mcumcsjcg sbjg tag`s dcy kaab o`tt`r'

Cevcgmè makar dctrjx syst`ds aff`r duktjpk` mcpcojkjtj`s9

• Zau mcg us` s`ttjgls ta dctmh duktjpk` mcd`rcs af th` scd` typ`

• Zau mcg us` s`ttjgls ta dctmh duktjpk` mcd`rcs af ejff`r`gt typ`s

• Zau mcg `dukct` cgath`r vjeà mcd`rc‚s kaab

• Zau mcg `dukct` c fjkd `duksjag

• Zau mcg s`k`mt c makar jg th` jdcl` cge cksa e`fjg` c ejff`r`gt makar'Gaw th` fjrst makar wjkk o` cutadctjmckky r`pkcmè oy th` s`mage makar'

Mhcpt`r 09 Jgtraeumtjag ta th`HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3

Mhcpt`r 0 jgtraeum`s ]agy‚s HEV mcdmare`rs' Uh` dct`rjck pr`s`gtè ea`s gat r`pkcm` th` mcdmare`r‚s eamud`gtctjag' Uh`s` magt`gtscssud` yau hcv` r`ce th` mcdmare`rs‚ dcguck cge cr` fcdjkjcr wjth

mcdmare`r ap`rctjag―jg pcrtjmukcr th` gctur` cge kamctjag af th`jr dcgy magtraks' Jf yau hcv` gat r`ce th` dcguck+ pk`cs` ea sa o`far`

pram`èjgl'

âjgt`rs ta warbjgl wjth th` HV_$C39

Uh` HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3 w`r` e`sjlgè oy ]agy‚s magsud`r ejvjsjag'Ath`r thcg th` XK_ magg`mtars ag th` HV_$Y3 sake oy th` Oracemcst & ^raf`ssjagck ]yst`ds ejvjsjag―oath mcdmare`rs cr` `ss`gtjckkyphysjmckky th` scd`' \hct ejstjglujsh`s th`d js th` fjrdwcr`$`gcokèf`ctur`s pravje`s oy th` HV_$Y3'

Uh` prjdcry f`ctur` thct ejstjglujsh`s th` Y3 js thct th` Y3 `gcok`syau ta s`k`mt _`ljag 6> ar _`ljag 0> dae`' Uh` fard`r dae` pravje`sGU]M EV!EVMCD+ 3>8>j6>+ pkus Mjg`Frcd` ?5 cge Mjg`Frcd` =>' Uh`kctt`r dae` pravje`s ^CK EV!EVMCD+ 3>8>j0>+ cge Mjg`Frcd` ?0'

Uh` FX3 pravje`s GU]M EV+ 3>8>j6>+ pkus Mjg`Frcd` ?5 cgeMjg`Frcd` => whjk` th` FX3@ pravje`s ^CK EV+ 3>8>j0>+ cgeMjg`Frcd` ?0'

Y3 cge FX3 Aptjmck ]yst`d

Uh` Y3 cge FX3 hcv` cg F3'6 ta ?'8+ Mcrk Y`jss Vcrja$]aggcr U) (cgtj$r`fk`mtjgl mactjgl* k`gs thct cmm`pts <?dd fjkt`rs'

C oujkt$jg GE fjkt`r hcs twa s`ttjgls9 3!6 cge 3!=?'

\hct Fugmtjag Ea`s th` GE Fjkt`r ^kcy9 Ua aotcjg cg aptjdud`xpasur` w` hcv` faur cvcjkcok` magtrak fugmtjags9 GE s`ttjgl+

vjeà lcjg k`v`k+ shutt`r$sp`è+ cge cp`rtur`'

Uh` GE s`ttjgl sjdpky orjgls v`ry orjlht sm`g`s jgta c rcgl` thctmcg o` hcgekè oy th` mcd`rc‚s `k`mtragjms'

Ath`r thcg sad`tjd`s o`jgl us` ta djgjdjz` E`pth$af$Fj`ke+ jt hcsga mr`ctjv` fugmtjag' (C hjlh GE vcku` farm`s th` cp`rtur` ap`gth`ròy djgjdjzjgl EAF'*

Uh` 3?X zaad mav`rs c rcgl` af f 4 5'0 ta 05'>dd' Uh` 5'0dd ta05'>dd k`gs js `qujvck`gt ta c =?'0dd ta =:>dd k`gs ag c =0ddmcd`rc' Zau mcg zaad oy vcrjcok` s`rva magtrak+ c gag$p`rp`tuckzaad rjgl+ cge c shart k`v`r daugtè ag th` rjgl' C swjtmh ckkaws yauta mhaas` o`tw``g dcguck magtrak cge s`rva magtrak'

Ua cje famusjgl+ oath mcdmare`rs f`ctur` cg aptjagck ‛p`cbjgl— s`ttjglcge c sp`mjck dclgjfjmctjag dae`' Uh` fard`r mcus`s th` èl`s af aoi`mts ta o`mad` shcrp`r thcg gardck wh`g famus hcs o``g cmhj`vè'Pgfartugct`ky+ p`cbjgl js ckdast jgvjsjok` jg th` FX3'

Uh` Y3 ckkaws yau ta `gcok` ‛p`cbjgl— cge ta e`fjg` jts makar cs whjt`+y`kkaw+ ar rè' Haw`v`r+ jt js gat v`ry us`fuk' Far `xcdpk`+ suppas`yau g`è ta famus ag twa mhcrcmt`rs―ag` js hakejgl bgjf` cge thàth`r js gat' Uh` shcrp èlè bgjf` wjkk+ wh`g famusè+ o` autkjg`gjm`ky jg makar' Haw`v`r+ th` `y`s+ gas`+ dauth+ cge `crs af th` ath`r

p`rsag wjkk shaw ga makar autkjg`s+ `v`g wh`g jg famus'\ars`+ yau dust mhas` o`tw``g usjgl p`cbjgl cge ‛zòrc'— O`mcus`zòrc js v`ry jdpartcgt+ thct js th` dae` yau wjkk gardckky wcgt taus`' Zau mcg s`t c sjglk` zòrc k`v`k frad <> ta 3>>"'

Oath mcdmare`rs hcv` c sp`mjck 5X dclgjfjmctjag dae` thct shaws yauc dclgjfjè cr`c af th` m`gt`r af th` jdcl`' \hjk` thct sauges kjb` clr`ct f`ctur`―yau mcg agky us` jt o`far` yau stcrt shaatjgl+ gat wh`gyau cr` shaatjgl'

Ckthaulh ‛pras— wjkk o` kacth ta h`cr thjs+ th` Cuta Famus (CF* js oy fcrth` fcst`st cge dast cmmurct` wcy af cmhj`vjgl famus' Uhjs js gatsurprjsjgl o`mcus` fakbs bgaw thct th` CF syst`d ag dae`rgd`lcpjx`k ejljtck mcd`rcs cr` fcst`r ta fjge p`rf`mt famus thcghudcgs' Af maurs`+ thct ea`s gat d`cg sjdpky turgjgl ag CF cgeshaatjgl' Jg Mhcpt`r 6+ yau wjkk k`crg haw ta l`t th` dast frad CF'

]agy ]up`r HCE MME

]agy e`v`kapè c g`w 3!=$jgmh+ ]up`r HCE+ MME far th`jr HEVmcdmare`rs' V`rtjmck sd`cr k`v`k js rctè ct c v`ry kaw ”3><eO' @cmhMME hcs 3'3? d`lcpjx`ks thct pravje` cg `ff`mtjv` pjx`k maugt af

3+><>+>>> pjx`ks―:<? (harjzagtck* oy 3+3>> (v`rtjmck*' Af th` :<?harjzagtck pjx`ks+ :6> cr` usè far mcpturjgl cg jdcl`'

Aovjausky+ :6> pjx`ks js c v`ry kagl wcy frad 3:?> pjx`ks sp`mjfjè jgth` CU]M stcgecre far 3>8>j vjeà' Jg fcmt+ jt js hckf th` CU]Msp`mjfjmctjag' Ua uge`rstcge thjs ejsmr`pcgmy+ w` g`è ta kaab ct ‛pjx`kcsp`mt rctja'— Uh` CU]M 3>8>j stcgecre `dpkays squcr` pjx`ks csshawg o`kaw'

Eurjgl th` tjd` far `cmh smcg kjg`+ 3:?> pjx`ks dust o` trcgsf`rrè'Haw`v`r+ dast HE vjeà syst`ds mcggat r`mare pjx`ks ct thct rct`'

Uh`r`far`+ EVM^_A HE r`mares 3?8> pjx`ks whjk` oath HEMCD cge th`Dcjg^rafjk`NHjlh355> (D^NH$35* D^@L$? `gmaejgl usè oy ]agy‚s

HEV mcdmare`rs r`mare 355> pjx`ks'

]a haw cr` 3?8> ar 355> pjx`ks dcppè ta 3:?> pjx`ks1 Uh` cgsw`r jsthct `cmh pjx`k js r`mtcglukcr―gat squcr`' Jg th` mcs` af 355>+ `cmhpjx`k g`ès ta hcv` c 3'==93 pjx`k csp`mt rctja cs shawg o`kaw'

Jg are`r ta marr`mtky pasjtjag ]agy‚s :6> pjx`ks wjthjg c smcg$kjgè`sjlgè ta hake 3:?> pjx`ks+ th` MME `k`d`gts dust hcv` c ?93r`mtcglukcr pjx`k csp`mt rctja―cs shawg o`kaw'





Djmra$k`gs MME

\hjk` eauok`$wjeth MME `k`d`gts djlht pcrtjckky cmmaugt far th` FX3‚skjlht s`gsjtjvjty vcku` af = Kux (aotcjgè wjth lcjg ct "38eO* th` r`ckpkcy`r dcy o` ]agy‚s us` af djmra$k`gs MMEs' @cmh MME `k`d`gt hcsc tjgy k`gs thct lcth`rs kjlht cge famus`s jt ag th` MME'

^jx`k$affs`t U`mhgakaly

Jf ckk thr`` MMEs w`r` ckjlgè+ th` autput wauke o` :6> pjx`ks p`r$kjg`' Oy affs`ttjgl th` lr``g MME ag`$hckf `k`d`gt spcmjgl frad th`

rè cge oku` MMEs+ c saurm` af ceejtjagck kudjgcgm` jgfardctjag jsmr`ctè'

Oy madojgjgl autput frad ckk thr`` MMEs+ harjzagtck r`sakutjag jsmkcjdè ta o` jgmr`csè oy 0>$p`rm`gt' Cge jge`è+ wh`g :6> jsduktjpkjè oy 3'0+ th` r`sukt js 355>' Gcturckky+ thct k`ces ta th`qu`stjag af haw r`ck js th` `xtrc r`sakutjag aotcjgè oy usjgl ‛pjx`kaffs`t— t`mhgakaly' Uh` \hjt` cge Okcmb F`gm` o`kaw (sjdjkcr ta cr`sakutjag mhcrt* hcs c kudc sjlgck thct vcrj`s frad ? ta 69 c rcgl` af 5 thct jgejmct`s c dcxjdud r`sakutjag―cs shawg jg th` Fjlur` 0'3'

Jf yau cr` `jth`r magfusè+ ar jgtrjluè+ wjth th` jssu`s af r`sakutjag+pk`cs` r`ce Mhcpt`r 5'





Fjlur` 0'39 Dcxjdud _`sakutjag

C Lr``g cge Okcmb F`gm` hcs c kudc sjlgck thct js magstcgt ct ?2 crcgl` af z`ra thct jgejmct`s r`sakutjag wjkk o` fcr dar` kjdjt`e―csshawg jg th` Fjlur` 0'?'

Fjlur` 0'?9 Djgjdud _`sakutjag

Uh`r`far`+ th` `xtrc r`sakutjag pravje`e oy pjx`k$affs`t t`mhgakaly+ jsc fugmtjag af th` makars+ th` makar pctt`rgs+ cge datjag af aoi`mts jg csm`g`'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3?> 0!3>!3=

]agy Y3 cge FX3 MMEs

Uh` Y3 cge FX3 `dpkay ‛jgt`rkcm` smcg euck$kjg`— MMEs' Far `v`ryupp`r fj`ke+ th` fjrst kjg` smcggè$aut js th` sud af `cmh `k`d`gt jgMME raw 3 ceeè ta th` marr`spagejgl `k`d`gt jg raw ?' Far `v`rykaw`r fj`ke+ th` fjrst kjg` smcggè$aut jg c kaw`r fj`ke js th` sud af `cmh`k`d`gt jg MME raw ? ceeè ta th` marr`spagejgl `k`d`gt jg raw ='

Jg thjs wcy+ th` MMEs autput 05> kjg`s (ag` fj`ke* af :6> `k`d`gts thctcr` autput cge ejljtjzè wjthjg 3!6>th s`mage' Uhjs pram`ss js`xpkcjgè jg$e`pth jg Mhcpt`r 5'

Uwa jddèjct` o`g`fjts crjs` frad suddjgl raws' Fjrst+ MMEs o`mad`6eO dar` s`gsjtjv` ta cvcjkcok` kjlht' ]`mage+ gajs` js cv`rclè cgeth`ròy mcgm`kè+ jgmr`csjgl th` ]!G rctja'

\h`g c MME cees raw$pcjrs+ th` jdcl` js `ss`gtjckky pcssè thraulh ckaw$pcss fjkt`r' (C kaw$pcss fjkt`r r`dav`s hjlh fr`qu`gmj`sr`pr`s`gtjgl fjg` e`tcjk'* Uhjs fjkt`r h`kps pr`v`gt ‛jgt`rkcm` fkjmb`r— cge ‛jgt`rkjg` twjtt`r'— Oath twjtt`r cge fkjmb`r cr` rèumè+ out gat`kjdjgctè+ wh`g harjzagtck èl`s (ar kjg`s* cr` saft`gè oy th` kaw$pcss fjkt`r' Uwjtt`r cge fkjmb`r cr` ag` af th` dast aoi`mtjagcok`crtjfcmts af jgt`rkcm` smcggjgl'

Pgfartugct`ky+ c prjm` dust o` pcje far th` o`g`fjts af raw$pcjrsuddjgl―c ?0$p`rm`gt kass af v`rtjmck r`sakutjag' (Ua k`crg dar`+

r`ce Mhcpt`r 5'*Uh` 59?9> mhradc ectc cr` aotcjgè frad suo$scdpkè mhradcjgfardctjag frad th` thr`` MMEs' Uh` twa makar madpag`gts (Z$_ * cge(Z$O* cr` aotcjgè frad (L$_ * cge (L$O*+ r`sp`mtjv`ky' Jt js gat y`tmk`cr jf th` affs`t lr``g madpag`gt hcs cgy `ff`mt ag mhradce`fjgjtjag' Kjb`ky+ jt ea`s gat o`mcus` D^@L$? mhradc r`sakutjag ct59?9> js gat thct hjlh―c pat`gtjck kjdjtctjag ag th` us` af mhradc$b`ys'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3?3 0!3>!3=

]agy EX^ Fugmtjags

Magv`rsjag af th` thr`` sjlgcks frad th` MMEs js cmmadpkjshè oy c35$ojt C!E' Uh` ejljtck ectc cr` th`g pram`ssè oy c 35$ojt EX^' (Cdcrb`tjgl t`rd far E]^+ Ejljtck ]jlgck ^ram`ssjgl'* Uh` wje` ware$

k`glth magv`rt`rs cge EX^ pr`v`gts hjlhkjlhts frad okawjgl$aut'^k`cs` r`ce Mhcpt`r 3 far dar` e`tcjk ag th`s` magm`pts'* Uh` EX^cksa supparts lcjg s`ttjgls af >+ "=+ "6+ ":+ "3?+ "30+ cge "38eO'

]E cge HE Makarspcm`

Uh` JUP _`m' 6>3 ]E makarspcm` js `dpkayè wh`g shaatjgl EV arEVMCD' (JUP 6>3 js sdckk`r thcg th` arjljgck GU]M makarspcm`'*

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3?? 0!3>!3=

Uh` JUP _`m' <>: HE makarspcm` js `dpkayè oy th` LZ$HE3>> wh`gshaatjgl HE' Uh` HE makar spcm` js mcpcok` af hcgekjgl c fcr kcrl`rlcdut af makars thcg js th` ]E makarspcm`' Uhct js ag` af th` r`csagsHE vjeà kaabs sa o`tt`r thcg ]E vjeà'

V`mtarsmap`9 Uh` ejstjgmtjag o`tw``g makar tag`s js mckkè hu`cge js mcrrjè oy th` phcs` c mhradjgcgm` madpag`gt' (Hu` js

ejstjgmt frad makar jgt`gsjty cge makar scturctjag'* Hu` js d`csurèoy th` ratctjagck pkcm`d`gt af c ‛v`mtar— ejspkcyè ag cv`mtarsmap`'*

]cturctjag js th` e`lr`` ta whjmh c makar js ejff`r`gt thcg whjt`' Jt jsmcrrjè oy th` cdpkjtue` af c mhradjgcgm` madpag`gt' (]cturctjag

js d`csurè oy k`glth af c ‛v`mtar— ejspkcyè ag c v`mtarsmap`'*

\h`th`r c rè js c ecrb rè ar c orjlht rè js e`t`rdjgè oy th`cdpkjtue` af th` kudjgcgm` sjlgck+ gat c mhradjgcgm` madpag`gt'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3?= 0!3>!3=

MjgÙag` Lcddc

Ckk vjeà mcd`rcs daejfy th` MME sjlgck oy c lcddc fugmtjag' Uhjsfugmtjag mcg o` r`pr`s`gtè oy c lcddc murv`' Cs th` MME jgput

sjlgck jgmr`cs`s jt js daejfjè jg c gag$kjg`cr fcshjag cge autput' Uh`FX3 aff`rs c sjglk` Mjg`dcUag` dae` (Fjlur` 0'=* wh`r` th` lcddcmurv` (pjgb* js r`kctjv`ky kjg`cr madpcrè ta th` ‛gardck— (ecrb oku`* ‛vjeà— lcddc murv`' Uhjs e`mr`cs`s sm`g` orjlhtg`ss+ whjmh ]agyo`kj`v`s mr`ct`s th` kaab af sad` fjkd stamb'

Fjlur` 0'=9 FX3 MjgÙag`

HV_$Y3 Okcmb ]tr`tmh

Uh` Y3 jgmkue`s c Okcmb ]tr`tmh dae` (lr``g eats* thct ckt`rs th`gardck vjeà lcddc ta pravje` skjlhtky lr`ct`r dje$tag` shceaw

e`tcjk' J thjgb yau wjkk kjb`ky wcgt ta b``p Okcmb ]tr`tmh `gcokèo`mcus` whjk` th` Y3!FX3 ea`s gat av`r `xpas` vjeà―th`y ea s``dta uge`r$`xpas` taa `csjky' Ckthaulh yau mcg `glcl` str`tmh ckaglwjth `jth`r af th` twa MjgÙag` lcddc s`ttjgls+ jt ea`s gat ckt`r th`jdcl`' (]`` Mhcpt`r < far jdcl`s af Okcmb ]tr`tmh ejscokè cge`gcokè'*





Fjlur` 0'5 shaws Okcmb ]tr`tmh cppkj`e ta ckk thr`` lcddc murv`s'

Fjlur` 0'59 Okcmb ]tr`tmh @ghcgm`d`gts

Okcmb Madpr`ss9 Dcgy praf`ssjagck mcd`rcs pravje` th` aptjagta cppky cg ckt`rctjag ta th` lcddc murv` thct madpr`ss`s okcmbs'Gcturckky+ thct magv`rts e`tcjks thct cr` v`ry ecrb lrcy ta okcmb' Uhjs

js c vckucok` fugmtjag wh`r` yau wcgt ta shaat cg jgt`rvj`w cgehcv` th` ocmblrauge la pjtmh okcmb'

Jg thjs mcs`+ th` eats jg Fjlur` 0'5 wauke lraw$aut frad th` kaw`rsje` af `cmh lcddc murv`'

Fjlur` 0'0 ejspkcys th` Gardck Dae` wjth ga MjgÙag` cge ga Okcmb]tr`tmh'

Fjlur` 0'09 Gat` th` ^`rf`mt Hjlhkjlhts Out Ecrb ]hceaws

Fjlur` 0'6 ejspkcys MjgÙag` 3 Dae` wjth ga Okcmb ]tr`tmh

Fjlur` 0'69 Gat` th` ^`rf`mt Hjlhkjlhts+ out V`ry Ecrb ]hceaws

Fjlur` 0'< ejspkcys MjgÙag` ? Dae` wjth ga Okcmb ]tr`tmh

Fjlur` 0'<9 Gat` th` Ecrb`r Hjlhkjlhts cge @xtr`d`ky Ecrb ]hceaws

Fjlur` 0'8 ejspkcys Gardck Dae` wjth Okcmb ]tr`tmh

Fjlur` 0'89 Uhjs js th` Aptjdck ]haatjgl Dae` far th` HE_$FX3

MjgÙag` ? (pjgb* js th` scd` cs pravjeè oy th` FX3+ whjk` th`MjgÙag` 3 s`ttjgl pravje`s c lcddc murv` (kjlht oku`* thct mrush`s

th` dje$tag`s skjlhtky k`ss'Mjg`dcUag` Lcddc 3 cge ?+ `ss`gtjckky erjv`s shceaw e`tcjks taokcmb thus ugg`m`sscrjky e`mr`csjgl kctjtue`―kctjtue` thct js ct ?$=staps shart af whct js g`èè jg c hjlh magtrcst sjtuctjag'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3?< 0!3>!3=

Daràv`r+ th` Y3 shauke hcv` c g`cr$kjg`cr lcddc dae` far shaatjglvjeà thct wjkk la ta fjkd' ]`` Mhcpt`r 5 ta k`crg dar` coaut th` typ`saf lcddc r`qujrè far ‛fjkd kaab— cge vjeà$ta$fjkd prai`mts'

\hjk` yau djlht `xp`mt th` pajgt af Mjg`dcUag` js ta pr`v`gt

hjlhkjlhts frad okawjgl aut―th` mcd`rc eje gat av`r$`xpas`hjlhkjlhts wh`g Mjg`dcUag` js gat `glclè' Jg fcmt+ C@ wcs usuckkyspat ag' Frcgbky+ J g`v`r `gmaugt`rè c sjtuctjag wh`r` gardcklcddc eje gat e`kjv`r cg aptjdck `xpasur`―`xm`pt kctjtue` wcsaovjausky taa kjdjtè far sup`r hjlh magtrcst sjtuctjags' Af maurs`+ thctjs why dast pra HE mcd`rcs us` ?!=$jgmh MMEs' Fjlur` 0': shaws csm`g` `xpasè oy th` C@ syst`d'

Fjlur` 0':9 Cuta @xpasè

]hat Urcgsjtjag

Jf yau `v`r warbè jg c dae`rg kjlht oaath jg c th`ct`r+ yau bgaw thctth` kjlhtjgl far c madpk`x pkcy js arlcgjzè cs c s`rj`s af ‛mu`s— @cmhmu` e`fjg`s th` k`v`ks af ckk th` kjlhts' Zau s`t$up ckk th` mu`s ch`ce af

tjd`' Uh`g eurjgl th` pkcy+ wh`g`v`r yau s`` ar h`cr c mu` frad th`stcl`+ yau g`è agky pr`ss ag` outtag cge ckk th` kjlhts tcb` ag th`jrg`w k`v`ks'





]agy hcs oraulht thjs magm`pt ta th` Y3 cge FX3' Zau s`t$up c ]hatoy ceiustjgl cgy ar ckk pcrcd`t`rs+ jgmkuejgl9

Ø Yaad

Ø Famus

Ø Cp`rtur`

Ø Lcjg

Ø \hjt` Ockcgm`

Ø ]hutt`r$sp`è

Ø Cueja K`v`k(s*

O`kaw yau wjkk s`` thr`` jdcl`s' Uh` rjlhtdast (C* shaws th` pjmturò`jgl mcpturè wh`g `jth`r ]HAU 3 ar ]HAU ? wcs pr`ssè' Uh`k`ftdast (O* shaws th` pjmtur` o`jgl mcpturè wh`g th` ath`r ]HAUouttag wcs pr`ssè' Gaw wh`g yau cr` shaatjgl+ yau g`è agky l`gtkypr`ss th` ]HAU U_CG]JUJAG outtag ta orjgl coaut th` trcgsjtjag' Uh`dje$pajgt af th` trcgsjtjag js shawg jg th` djeek` pjmtur`'

Jg ceejtjag+ oy lajgl ta th` mcdmare`rs‚ d`gu yau mcg s`t$up s`v`rcktrcgsjtjag pcrcd`t`rs'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3?: 0!3>!3=

]hat Urcgsjtjag Ujd`

Mhaas` th` tjd` jt tcb`s ta dcb` th` trcgsjtjag frad ag` pjmturè`fjgjtjag ta th` ath`r pjmtur` trcgsjtjag'

]hat Murv`

Mhaas` th` typ` af trcgsjtjag9 Kjg`cr+ _cdp ]tap+ ar ]tcrt _cdp wjth_cdp ]tap'

]hat Urcgsjtjag ]tcrt Ujd`r

Y39 s`ts th` e`kcy tjd` far th` stcrt af ]hat Urcgsjtjag' Uh` stcrt tjd`rhcs c s`k`mtcok` 0$+ 3>$ ar ?>$s`mage e`kcy'

Cueja Mcpcojkjtj`s

]`` Mhcpt`r 3‚s ‛Ejljtck Cueja— s`mtjag far jgfardctjag ag warbjgl wjth

cueja jgput'

HE_$FX3 Cueja

Uwa$mhcgg`k cueja mcg o` aotcjgè frad th` oujkt jg st`rà Djm ar vjccg `xt`rgck Djm' Uh` FX3 pravje`s c 3!8$jgmh djgj$icmb cge jts cuejak`v`k magtrak ceiusts th` k`v`k far oath mhcgg`ks sjduktcgàusky' ]ad`dcy magsje`r thjs c ejscevcgtcl`' Far ath`rs jt wjkk dcb` ga r`ckejff`r`gm` jg th` wcy th`y warb' Far `xcdpk`+ jf th`y us` cg `xt`rgckdagcurck Djm djx`r' Uh` cueja kjdjt`r js oath ugaotrusjv` cge v`ry`ff`mtjv`'

HV_$Y3 Cueja

Jg ceejtjag ta c pcjr af XK_ magg`mtars+ th` Y3 aff`rs "58V ^hcgtadpaw`r+ cge d`gu s`ttjgls thct `gcok` yau ta jgejvjeuckky ‛trjd— jgputk`v`k frad "3?eO ta ”38eO' Uhjs f`ctur` ckkaws yau ta dctmh+ far`xcdpk`+ cgy Djm ta th` Y3'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3=> 0!3>!3=

Uh` cevcgtcl`s af thjs cr` twafake9 jt pr`v`gts jgput av`rkace o`far`th` lcjg magtrak' Jt cksa d`cgs th` dcguck lcjg magtrak ar CLM wjkk o`warbjgl ct th` aptjdud k`v`k'

Uh` Y3‚s cueja kjdjt`r js oath ugaotrusjv` cge v`ry `ff`mtjv`' Zau mcg

`glcl` jt `v`g wh`g usjgl dcguck cueja lcjg' Uh` Y3+ af maurs`+ hcseuck cueja k`v`k magtraks'

EV cge HEV Cueja

EV cueja js mcrrjè cs ^MD ectc whjk` HEV cueja js mcrrjè cs D^@L$3Kcy`r ? ectc (D^?*' Uhjs pr`mursar ta D^= js+ kjb` D^=+ c ‛p`rm`ptuck— `gmaejgl syst`d thct ejsmcres cueja jgfardctjag thct E]^madputctjags jgejmct` wjkk o` dcsbè oy ath`r cueja jgfardctjag'

Jg shart+ jt js c kassy `gmaejgl syst`d thct dcy gat d``t ckk fj`ke$

r`marejgl r`qujr`d`gts' Zau wjkk fjge fcr dar` e`tcjkè jgfardctjag agHEV cueja jg Mhcpt`r ='




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3=3 0!3>!3=

Mhcpt`r 69 ]`ttjgl$up th` HV_$Y3cge HE_$FX3

Mhcpt`r 6 mav`rs ]agy‚s fjrst l`g`rctjag HEV mcdmare`rs' Uh`dct`rjck pr`s`gtè ea`s gat r`pkcm` th` mcdmare`r‚s eamud`gtctjag'Uh`s` magt`gts cssud` yau hcv` r`ce th` mcdmare`rs‚ dcguck cge

cr` fcdjkjcr wjth mcdmare`r ap`rctjag―jg pcrtjmukcr th` gctur` cge kamctjag af th`jr dcgy magtraks' Jf yau hcv` gat r`ce th` dcguck+

pk`cs` ea sa o`far` pram`èjgl'

Mcd`rc ]`t D`gu

\O ^r`s`t

]`t th` sjglk` ^r`s`t ta `jth`r Jgeaars (=+?>>˙B* ar Auteaars

(0+8>>˙B*' \h`g shaatjgl jgeaars+ th` ^r`s`t Jgt`rjar gjm`ky wcrdè$up sbjg tag`s+ out th` sje` `ff`mt wcs thct ath`r makars w`r` k`sscmmurct`'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3=? 0!3>!3=

\hjt` Ockcgm` Auteaar K`v`k$shjft

Gcturck jkkudjgctjag rcgl`s frad 3+:>>˙B ta 3>+>>>˙B'

Y39 \h`g th` whjt` ockcgm` ^r`s`t js s`t ta Auteaar+ yau mcg ceiustth` ^r`s`t @xt`rjar makar t`dp`rctur` oy ³=0>>˙B coaut 0+8>>˙B jg

0>>˙B st`ps oy ceiustjgl th` s`ttjgl9 ”< ta "<'

"< :+=>>˙B

"6 8+8>>˙B

"0 8+=>>˙B

"5 <+8>>˙B

"= <+=>>˙B

"? 6+8>>˙B

"3 6+=>>˙B

> 0+8>>˙B

$3 0+=>>˙B

$? 5+8>>˙B

$= 5+=>>˙B

$5 =+8>>˙B

$0 =+=>>˙B

$6 ?+8>>˙B

$< ?+=>>˙B

Vjeà Lcjg ]`ttjgls

Ps` th` d`gu ta s`t th` lcjg vcku`s (>eO+ "=eO+ "6eO+ ":eo+ "3?eO+"30eO+ cge "38eO* far th` H+ D+ cge K lcjg s`ttjgls'

E`spjt` skjlhtky kaw`r ]!G rctja ct "38eO+ yau wjkk kjb`ky g`è ta s`t H ta "38eO ta warb jgeaars' Uh` K cge D s`ttjgls typjmckky shauke o` s`tta >eO cge ":eO r`sp`mtjv`ky'

Makar Marr`mtjag

Y39 Makar marr`mtjag fugmtjag ckkaws us`rs ta ceiust th` makar af ctcrl`t aoi`mt wjthaut cff`mtjgl th` makar af ath`r aoi`mts'

Uhjs f`ctur` mcg o` usè ta mr`ct` sp`mjck `ff`mts+ far `xcdpk`+shawjgl th` makar af c rè cppk` agky ag O&\ pjmtur`' Pp ta twa makarsmcg o` s`k`mtè cs tcrl`t makars cge `cmh mcg o` magtrakkè jg t`rds af

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3== 0!3>!3=

makar phcs`+ makar phcs` wjeth cge makar lcjg cs w`kk cs sbjg makar' Jt jstypjmckky fcr o`tt`r ta p`rfard sumh marr`mtjags jg past'

]t`cey]hat

Uurgs ]t`cey]hat Ag ar Aff' Uurg Aff wh`g usjgl trjpae'

]t`cey]hat Uyp`

Mhaas` th` typ` af ap`rctjag9 Hcre (dcxjdud `ff`mt*+ ]tcgecre+]aft (djgjdud*+ cge \je` Magv (us` wjth ]agy VMK$HL>8<? wje`magv`rsjag k`gs*'

]`k`mtcok` ^`cbjgl K`v`k cge Makar

FX39 th` p`cbjgl makar js \hjt` cge th` k`v`k js Djeek`'

Y39 ^`cbjgl makar mcg o` s`k`mtè frad \hjt`+ _è+ cge Z`kkaw whjk`th` k`v`k mcg o` s`k`mtè frad Hjlh+ Djeek`+ ar Kaw'

CF Cssjst

Y39 Cuta Famus Cssjst fugmtjag ckkaws th` us`r ta magtrak th` famuswhjk` jg CF dae`' Uhjs fugmtjag js v`ry us`fuk ta /taumh up/ famus jf g`èè'

C@ _`spags`

Y39 \h`g usjgl C@+ th` C@ syst`d e`kjv`rs c magsjst`gtky `xm`kk`gt`xpasur`' Uh` agky praok`d js jf sad`thjgl w`r` ta mcus` cdad`gtcry fkumtuctjag jg th` kjlht fckkjgl ag th` k`gs'

Uh` C@ r`spags` tjd` ta jkkudjgctjag mhcgl`s mcg o` s`t ta Fcst+Djeek`+ ar ]kaw'

Oy s`ttjgl th` r`spags` ta ]kaw+ sumh mhcgl`s wjkk gat mcus` cgymhcgl` jg av`rckk jdcl` orjlhtg`ss'

Af maurs`+ c r`ck sm`g` jkkudjgctjag mhcgl` wjkk o` v`ry lrcm`fukkyhcgekè' J r`madd`ge s`ttjgl C@ ]p`è ta ]kaw'

Dcrb`r Ag!Aff

FX39 Uurgs M`gt`r Dcrb`r Ag ar Aff'

Dcrb`r ]`k`mt

Y39 ]cf`ty Yag` cge 59= Dcrb`r cr` ceeè jg th` Dcrb`r d`gu']cf`ty Yag` ejspkcys th` jgg`r cr`c af th` smr``g cge th` 59= Dcrb`rejspkcys th` 59= cr`c jg are`r ta e`fjg` pjmtur` wjeth wh`g th` shat jsusè oath far 369: cge far 59= ejspkcy'

Ckk dcrb`rs mcg o` ejspkcyè sjduktcgàusky'

Fkjmb`r Fjkt`r

O`mcus` shaatjgl _`ljag 6> dae` jg c r`ljag 0> maugtrj`s yj`kes c3>Hz o`ct fkjmb`r frad crtjfjmjck kjlht+ `glcl` th` Fkjmb`r fjkt`r thctctt`guct`s th` 3>Hz o`ct fr`qu`gmy'

Hcgek` Yaad ]p`è

]`t th` zaad sp`è far th` twa$pasjtjag Yaad ]p`è swjtmh ag th`mcdmare`rs‚ hcgek`'

K9 sp`è 3 (skaw`st* ta 8 (fcst`st*

H9 sp`è 3 (skaw`st* ta 8 (fcst`st*

Yòrc

]`t frad <> J_@ ta 3>> J_@ ar 3>>" J_@' J r`madd`ge s`ttjgl Yòrc ta3>> J_@' \h`g s`t ct 3>>+ yau shauke s`` hjlhkjlhts wjth c zòrc

pctt`rg' J cksa r`madd`ge yau s`k`mt Yòrc cge gat ^`cbjgl'

Makar Ocrs

FX39 aff`rs c sjglk` JUP 6>3 (]E* mhcrt shawg o`kaw wh`g th` MakarOcrs outtag js pr`ssè'

Y39 aff`rs c mhajm` af cg JUP 6>3 (]E* mhcrt shawg coav` ar cg JUP

<>: (HE* mhcrt shawg o`kaw+ wh`g th` Makar Ocrs outtag js pr`ssè'

EV!EVMCD \je` _`mare (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV*

FX39 _`mare wje`smr``g (369:* cgcdarphjm EV'

Y39 _`mare wje`smr``g (369:* cgcdarphjm EV ar EVMCD'

EV!EVMCD ]`tup K`v`k (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV*

Y39 ]`tup k`v`k mcg o` s`k`mtè o`tw``g >% cge <'0% wh`g th`mcdmare`r js ap`rctè jg GU]M EV!EVMCD dae`' Ua o` madpctjok`wjth dast EV!EVMCD magsud`r!prasud`r mcdmare`rs th` s`ttjglshauke o` > J_@'

Dcgy praf`ssjagck EV+ EVMCD+ cge EVM^_A mcdmare`rs ap`rct` ct"<'0 J_@ o`mcus` thct dcb`s th`d madpctjok` wjth th` GU]M syst`dus`e jg th` P]C'

EV!EVMCD Frcd` _`mare (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV*

Agky cvcjkcok` jg EV ar EVMCD dae`' _`mares 6 frcd`s wh`g s`t ta_`ljag 6> ar 0 frcd`s wh`g s`t ta _`ljag 0>'

EV!EVMCD ^jmtur` Suckjty (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV*

Fjlur` 6'3 shaws cg HEV jdcl` whjk` Fjlur` 6'? shaws c EV jdcl`'

Fjlur` 6'39 ]agy Y3 HEV ]cdpk` Jdcl`

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3=< 0!3>!3=

Fjlur` 6'?9 ]agy Y3 EV ]cdpk` Jdcl`

Zau wjkk gat` thct ath`r thcg th` o`tt`r r`praeumtjag af v`ry fjgè`tcjk+ ]agy‚s HEV `gmaeè jdcl` kaabs iust kjb` ]agy‚s EV?0madpr`ssè jdcl`s'

Cueja ]`t D`gu

Duktj$]auge―FX3 agky

Ø ]t`rà ar Euck mhcgg`k cueja

Ø Mh3 agky (k`ft!dcjg sauge*

Ø Mh? agky (rjlht!suo sauge*

Ø Cueja Dagjtar―Y3!HE3> agky

Ø Mh3 cge Mh? jg K`ft cge _jlht autput

Ø Mh3 agky (k`ft* jg oath K`ft cge _jlht autput

Ø Mh? agky (rjlht* jg oath K`ft cge _jlht autput

Ø Mh3"Mh? djxè jg oath K`ft cge _jlht autput





EV!EVMCD Cueja Djx―Y3!HE3> agky (gat cppkjmcok` far

HEV*

]`k`mt th` autput djx o`tw``g ]U3 (]t`rà Urcmb 3* cge ]U? (]t`ràUrcmb ?*'

Ø Mh3 cge Mh?

Ø Mh3 cge Mh? djxè wjth Mh= cge Mh5

Ø Mh= cge Mh5

EV!EVMCD Cueja Dae` (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV*

FX39 @jth`r 3?$ojt (=?bHz* ar 36$ojt (58bHz* scdpkjgl mcg o`s`k`mtè wh`g th` _`mare dae` js s`t ta EV'

Y3!HE3>9 @jth`r =?bHz (3?$ojt* ar 58bHz (36$ojt* scdpkjgl mcg o`s`k`mtè wh`g th` _`mare dae` js s`t ta `jth`r EV ar EVMCD'

\jge Gajs` _èumtjag―FX3 agky

\jge Gajs` _èumtjag far th` jgt`rgck djmraphag` mcg o` s`t Aff arAg'

Djm!Kjg` Jgput―FX3 agky

]`k`mt sjlgck k`v`k (Djm ar Kjg`* magg`mtè ta th` djmraphag` icmb'

Cueja Kjdjt`r

FX39 Uh` cueja kjdjt`r js ckwcys Ag'

Y39 Cueja Kjdjt`r mcg o` turgè Ag ar Aff jge`p`ge`gtky far `cmhmhcgg`k' Jf yau pkcg ta us` Dcguck Cueja magtrak+ yau shauke s`t th`Cueja Kjdjt`r Ag sa thct hcre$mkjppjgl frad suee`g kaue sauges ea gatmcus` ejstartjag'

Djm Gajs` _èumtjag―Y3 agky

Djmraphag` gajs` rèumtjag mcg o` s`k`mtè Ag ar Aff far th` jgt`rgck st`rà djmraphag`' \h`g jt js Ag+ cg aut af phcs` sjlgck af th`mcdmare`rs‚ d`mhcgjmck gajs` js l`g`rctè cge usè ta mcgm`k th`d`mhcgjmck gajs`'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3=: 0!3>!3=

Djm ]`k`mt

FX39 Jgs`rtjgl c pkul jgta th` `xt`rgck djmraphag` icmb cutadctjmckkys`k`mts th` `xt`rgck saurm` rcth`r thcg th` jgt`rgck st`rà djmraphag`'

Y39 s`k`mt o`tw``g th` jgt`rgck st`rà djmraphag` ar XK_ magg`mtèDjms'

Jgt`rgck Djm ]`gsjtjvjty

FX39 Uh` jgt`rgck st`rà djmraphag` s`gsjtjvjty js ckwcys s`t ta Hjlh'(Uhjs mauke k`ce ta ejstartjag ag v`ry kaue sauges'*

Y39 Uh` jgt`rgck st`rà djmraphag` s`gsjtjvjty mcg o` s`t ta Hjlh arGardck' (Uh` e`fcukt s`ttjgl js Gardck'*

Jgt`rgck \jge Gajs` _èumtjag―Y3 agky\jge Gajs` _èumtjag far th` jgt`rgck djmraphag` mcg o` s`t Aff ar taCuta'

Djmraphag` ]`ttjgl―Y3 agky

Ø Uh` Y3‚s XK_s mcg o` s`k`mtè cs jge`p`ge`gt mhcgg`ks (XK_3 taMh3 cge XK_? ta Mh?* ar dagcurck (XK_3 ta Mh3"Mh?*'

Ø Zau mcg mhaas` ta Kjgb th` CLM far th` twa mhcgg`ks ar b``p th`d]`pcrct`' \h`g yau cr` r`marejgl st`rà sauge+ th` CLM shaukekjgbè' Jg ckk ath`r sjtuctjags+ yau ea gat wcgt CLM kjgbè'

Ø Cueja mhcgg`k 3 mcg o` s`t ta Djm ar Kjg` k`v`k'

Ø Cueja mhcgg`k 3 hcs Urjd k`v`k ceiustd`gt jg are`r ta ceiust sjlgckjgput ta th` mcdmare`r‚s jgput cueja mjrmujt cge pr`v`gtav`rkacejgl' Jt mcg o` s`t ta9 $38+ $3?+ $6+ >+ "6+ "3?eO'

\hy ea J G`è ta Ps` Urjd19 Djmraphag`s autput ejff`r`gt sjlgckk`v`ks far th` scd` sauge k`v`k' Djms autput k`v`ks cr` sp`mjfjè jgeO' Zaur Djm shauke hcv` c sp`mjfjmctjag' Uypjmckky+ Djm s`gsjtjvjty

vcrj`s frad ”5>eO ta ”<>eO' Uh` sdckk`r th` g`lctjv` vcku`+ th`hjlh`r th` sjlgck k`v`k'

Uh` ]agy‚s Djm jgput s`gsjtjvjty js sp`mjfjè ct ”6>eO+ whjmh d`cgsjf yau Djm‚s s`gsjtjvjty js lr`ct`r ar kaw`r+ yau shauke us` th` Urjdmagtrak ta dcb` c dctmh' Far `xcdpk`+ jf yaur Djm hcs c ”0>eOrctjgl+ s`t th` trjd ta ”3?eO'





Ø @gcok` ar ejscok` th` \jge Gajs` fjkt`r far mhcgg`k 3'

Ø Cueja mhcgg`k ? mcg o` s`t ta Djm ar Kjg` k`v`k'

Ø Cueja mhcgg`k ? hcs Urjd k`v`k ceiustd`gt jg are`r ta ceiust sjlgckjgput ta th` cueja mjrmujt cge pr`v`gt av`rkace' Jt mcg o` s`t ta9 $38+ $3?+ $6+ >+ "6+ "3?eO'

Uh` Dyth af Dcguck K`v`k Magtrak9 Frad c ejljtck vj`wpajgt+ jt jsje`ck jf c r`marejgl us`s ckk ojts jg th` ejljtck ‛wares— r`pr`s`gtjglcueja scdpk`s' Far 36$ojt ejljtck cueja+ cg cueja sjlgck js aptjdck

wh`g jt jgmkue`s vcku`s frad z`ra ta 60+0=6' Zau ea gat wcgt ckk th`cueja jgfardctjag ougmhè up g`cr z`ra ar g`cr 60+0=6'

Oy s`ttjgl th` Urjd k`v`k far `cmh DJM+ th` Djm ‛s`gsjtjvjty— (autputk`v`k* hcs o``g dctmhè ta th` mcdmare`r‚s jgput mjrmujt' Gaw+ th`

rcgl` af sauge k`v`ks shauke yj`ke th` marr`mt rcgl` af ejljtck cuejavcku`s―cssudjgl `jth`r th` mcdmare`r‚s CLM js `glclè ar yaus`t th` dcguck k`v`k marr`mtky'

_`d`do`r thct 36$ojt cueja pravje`s c :6eO eygcdjm rcgl` thctmcg hcgek` ckdast ckk typ`s sauge' Af maurs`+ th` `k`mtragjms cge

D^@L$3 `gmaejgl ea gat `gcok` thjs rcgl` ta o` cmhj`vè'G`v`rth`k`ss+ wh`g 36$ojt ejljtck cueja js madojgè wjth th` Kjdjt`rfugmtjag+ th`r` js gardckky ga g`è far dcguck cueja magtrak agjgejvjeuck cueja mhcgg`ks' ‛Lcjg rjejgl— js typjmckky gat g`m`sscry'

Jg fcmt+ th`r` js aft`g ga g`è ta dcguckky magtrak cueja lcjg+ cs

ag` wauke ea wjth cg cgckal r`marejgl syst`d' Uhus+ CLM dcy oùsè k`cvjgl dcguck magtrak far agky thas` sjtuctjags wh`g saugek`v`ks cr` v`ry kaue (sa cs ta djgjdjz` kjdjt`r cmtjag* ar v`ry saft (ta`gsur` dar` ojts mcrry jgfardctjag*'

]`` Mhcpt`r 3‚s ‛Ejljtck Cueja— s`mtjag far jgfardctjag ag warbjgl

wjth cueja'

Ø @gcok` ar ejscok` th` \jge Gajs` fjkt`r far mhcgg`k ?'

C@ Magtraks

Oath mcdmare`rs pravje` saphjstjmctè wcys ta mustadjz` Cuta@xpasur` ap`rctjag' Uhjs dcb`s jt fcr dar` kjb`ky thct yau mcg aotcjg

lr`ct r`sukts whjk` usjgl C@'

C@ ]hjft

\h`g usjgl C@+ th` C@ syst`d e`kjv`rs c magsjst`gtky `xm`kk`gt`xpasur`' Zau dcy pr`f`r+ haw`v`r+ ta ojcs th` `xpasur` ecrb`r ($<*ar kjlht`r ("<*'

CLM Kjdjt

\h`g usjgl C@+ yau dcy wcgt ta kjdjt th` cdaugt af lcjg ta AFF (38eO*+ 3?eO+ 6eO+ ar >eO'

Jrjs Kjdjt

\h`g usjgl C@+ th` Jrjs js fr`` ta dav` ta cgy vcku`' Oy s`ttjgl th`Jrjs Kjdjt d`gu+ yau mcg b``p th` Jrjs frad mkasjgl o`kaw F5+ F6'8+ arF33' (]`` ‛Ejffrcmtjag Jgt`rf`r`gm`— jg Mhcpt`r 5'*

Uh` o`st quckjty jdcl`s+ haw`v`r+ cr` aotcjgè wh`g th` Jrjs jsg`jth`r fukky ap`gè gar fukky mkasè' Jf th` Jrjs js ap`gjgl taa dumh+yau mcg cee lcjg ar jkkudjgctjag ta b``p th` jrjs sdckk`r thcg+ scy

F='6'

C\O Magtraks

Oath mcdmare`rs pravje` saphjstjmctè wcys ta mustadjz` Cutadctjm\hjt` Ockcgm` ap`rctjag' Uhjs dcb`s jt fcr dar` kjb`ky thct yau mcgaotcjg lr`ct r`sukts whjk` usjgl C\O'

\O ]hjft

Uh` C\O hcs c rcgl` af =+?>>˙B`kvjg ta <+0>>˙B' \h`g usjgl C\O+thjs magtrak `gcok`s yau ckt`r th` makar tag` af whjt`9 $< (shjft whjt`tawcre oku`* ta "< (ta shjft whjt` tawcre rè*'





C\O!CU\ ]`gsjtjvjty

\h`g usjgl C\O!CU\+ yau mcg aptjdjz` jts ap`rctjag far wcrd makart`dp`rctur`s frad jgmcge`sm`gt ar mcgek` kjlht oy s`k`mtjgl Kaw tajgmr`cs` rè tagckjty ar Hjlh ta e`mr`cs` rè tagckjty'

\h`g usjgl C\O!CU\+ yau mcg aptjdjz` jts ap`rctjag wh`g c suoi`mtjs uge`r shce` frad th` oku` sby oy s`k`mtjgl Kaw ta jgmr`cs` oku`tagckjty ar Hjlh ta e`mr`cs` oku` tagckjty' Uhjs fugmtjag ea`s gat warbag suoi`mts kjt oy sugkjlht ar mk`cr sby'

_`mare Aptjags

_`mare Fardct

FX39 3>8>j ar EV

Y3!HE3>9 3>8>j ar EV!EVMCD

_`mare Dae`―FX3 agky (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV*

]^9 ]tcgecre ^kcy

K^9 Kagl ^kcy far up ta 3'0X lr`ct`r r`marejgl tjd` ct kaw`r quckjty'Ea gat us`'

_`mare Dae`―Y3!HE3> agky (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV*EV9 r`mares EV wjth c 3>$djmrag trcmb pjtmh'

EVMCD9 r`mares EV?0 wjth c 30$djmrag trcmb pjtmh thct rèum`sr`marejgl tjd` oy 0>$p`rm`gt' Uh`r` js ga jdcl` ar cueja quckjtycevcgtcl` ta EVMCD'

Cueja Kamb (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV*

FX39 EV cueja js ugkambè' \h`g HEV js s`k`mtè+ cueja js ugkambècge 36$ojt'

Y39 Cueja Kamb dae` ar Pgkamb dae` mcg o` s`k`mtè wh`g th`_`mare dae` js s`t ta EV'

Ø \h`g EVMCD js s`k`mtè+ cueja js kambè'

Ø \h`g HEV js s`k`mtè+ cueja js ugkambè'





Jg r`ckjty+ wh`th`r cueja js kambè hcs ga jdpcmt wh`g yau wjkk o`èjtjgl usjgl cg GK@ syst`d'

C!V ”7 EV APU

Zau mcg magv`rt GU]M ar ^CK vjeà cge cueja jgput vjc th` C!V icmbs

ta EV autput vjc th` j'KJGB part'

Vj`wjgl Aptjags

@xpcgeè Famus Aff$dae`

Uh` @xpcgeè Famus fugmtjag js `gcokè wh`g th` @xpcge Famusouttag js pushè'

FX39 Uh` @xpcgeè Famus fugmtjag wjkk cutadctjmckky o` mcgm`kè(Cuta Aff * cft`r 0 s`mages'

Y39 Uh` @xpcgeè Famus fugmtjag mcg o` swjtmhè frad th` e`fcuktCuta Aff ta Dcguck Aff ' \h`g Dcguck Aff js s`k`mtè+ @xpcgeèFamus wjkk ejs`glcl` agky wh`g th` @xpcge Famus outtag js pushèclcjg'

]jduktcgàus Ap`rctjag af KME pcg`k cge Vj`wfjge`r―Y3 agky

Uh` KME pcg`k cge vj`wfjge`r mcg o` ap`rctè sjduktcgàusky' Jf Cutajs s`k`mtè+ th` vj`wfjge`r wjkk turg ag agky wh`g th` KME pcg`k jsmkasè+ whjk` jf jt js Ag+ oath KME pcg`k cge Vj`wfjge`r wjkk ap`rct`'

Ckk ]mcg Dae`―Y3 agky

Ckk ]mcg Dae` js mcg o` usè ta dcb` vjsjok` th` `gtjr` vjeà frcd`' Jtfugmtjags dumh kjb` th` /Pge`r ]mcg/ ag c dagjtar'

Yaad Ejspkcy ]`k`mtcok`―Y3 agky

Uh` Yaad Ejspkcy Uyp` mcg o` s`k`mtè ta o` Ocr ar Gudo`r' \h`gGudo`r js s`k`mtè+ th` zaad wjkk o` ejspkcyè cs c gudo`r frad > ta::' Uhjs js us`fuk far r`d`do`rjgl th` zaad pasjtjag'





HV_$Y3 ]p`mjck Aptjags

]`k`mt _`ljag 0> ar _`ljag 6>

_`ljag 0>9 ^CK EV!EVMCD+ 3>8>j0>+ cge Mjg`Frcd` ?0'_`ljag 6>9 GU]M EV!EVMCD+ 3>8>j6>+ pkus Mjg`Frcd` ?5 cgeMjg`Frcd` =>'

Sujmb _`mare

Uh` mcdmare`r wjkk stcrt r`marejgl fcst`r+ out th` sm`g` trcgsjtjag dcygat o` mk`cg'

Hyp`r Lcjg

Uh` Hyp`r$lcjg fugmtjag `gcok`s jdcl` cmqujsjtjag jg `xtr`d` kaw$kjlhtmagejtjags oy usjgl "=6eO af vjeà lcjg'

0>j9 jf th` shutt`r$sp`è js skaw`r thcg 3!3?th jt wjkk o` r`s`t ta3!?0th s`mage'

6>j9 jf th` shutt`r$sp`è js skaw`r thcg 3!30th jt wjkk o` r`s`t ta3!=>th s`mage'

Ujd`mae`!Ps`rojt Ap`rctjag

UM ^r`s`t

^ravje`s c Ujd`mae` pr`s`t fugmtjag' Ps` th` haur vcku` ta e`fjg` c ‛r``k— gudo`r sa oy kaabjgl ct th` tjd`mae` wh`g kalljgl cge èjtjglyau bgaw `xcmtky whjmh mcss`tt` th` shat mcd` frad'

PO ^r`s`t

^ravje`s c Ps`rojt pr`s`t fugmtjag' Ps` th`s` ojts ta e`fjg` mrjtjmckjgfardctjag coaut th` dct`rjck magtcjgè ag th` tcp`'

UM Fardct

EF ar GEF tjd`mae` mcg o` s`k`mtè (EF js usuckky usè far vjeàwarb wh`r`cs GEF js usè far fjkd warb*'

UM _ug mcus`s tjd`mae` ta cevcgm` agky wh`g shaatjgl'

_`m _ug (tjd`mae` agky cevcgm`s wh`g yau cr` shaatjgl* ar Fr``_ug mcg o` s`k`mtè'





UM Dcb`

^r`s`t (yau s`t th` stcrtjgl vcku`* ar _`l`g`rct` (tjd`mae` r`fk`mtth` tjd`mae` ckr`cey ag th` tcp`*'

PO Ujd` _`m

AG9 s`ts th` Ps`r Ojts frad th` mcdmare`rs‚ r`cktjd` mkamb'

AFF9 Ga r`cktjd` mkamb'

Ect` cge Ujd` ]tcdp―Y3 agky

Ect` cge Ujd` mcg o` r`mareè ag th` tcp`+ us`fuk far cppkjmctjagssumh cs surv`jkkcgm` ar k`lck eamud`gtctjag wh`r` tjd` cge ect`gatctjag g`è ta o` p`rdcg`gtky shawg ag th` jdcl`'

@xt`rgck _`mare Magtrak―Y3 agky

@gcok`s `xt`rgck e`vjm`s sumh cs VU_s ar HEE r`mare`rs mcg o`magtrakkè vjc j'KJGB' _`mare Magtrak dae` cge ]tcge$oy maddcgedae`s cr` jg th` @xt`rgck _`mare Magtrak d`gu'

Uh` _`mare Magtrak Dae` d`gu mcg cksa o` usè ta s`k`mt]ygmhragaus ar _`kcy ap`rctjag' ]ygmhragaus stcrts th` r`marejglpram`ss jg oath th` `xt`rgck e`vjm` cge th` mcdmare`r sjduktcgàusky'_`kcy stcrts th` `xt`rgck e`vjm` wh`g th` mcdmare`r js stappè'

Uh` ]tcge$oy Maddcge d`gu mcg s`k`mt o`tw``g _`mare ^cus` cge

]tap' _`mare ^cus` mcg trjll`r th` `xt`rgck e`vjm` wh`g _`mare^cus` outtag js pushè' \h`g ]tap js mhas`g+ th` mcdmare`r‚s ]tapouttag trjll`rs th` r`mare`r ta stap'

Mhcpt`r <9 HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3]haatjgl Luje`

Mhcpt`r < pravje`s c ]haatjgl Luje` far ]agy HEV mcdmare`rs' Uh`dct`rjck pr`s`gtè ea`s gat r`pkcm` th` mcdmare`r‚s eamud`gtctjag'Uh`s` magt`gts cssud` yau hcv` r`ce th` mcdmare`rs‚ dcguck cge

cr` fcdjkjcr wjth mcdmare`r ap`rctjag―jg pcrtjmukcr th` gctur` cge kamctjag af th`jr dcgy magtraks' Jf yau hcv` gat r`ce th` dcguck+

pk`cs` ea sa o`far` pram`èjgl'

Uh` Mhcpt`r pr`s`gts jgfardctjag jg sjx pcrts9

Mcdmare`r @rlagadjms

]haatjgl Cutadctjmckky]haatjgl ]jdpk`

Lcjgjgl Dar` Magtrak

^`rf`mtjgl Magtrak

Dcst`rjgl Cueja

Mcdmare`r @rlagadjms

Oath HEV mcdmare`rs w`r` e`sjlgè oy ]agy‚s magsud`r ejvjsjag'\hjk` th` aptjmck cge `k`mtragjms cr` fjrst rct`2 th` magtrak `rlagadjmscr` gat'

\h`g yau swjtmh frad Cuta ta Dcguck dae` yau djlht `xp`mt yaumauke gaw dcb` ceiustd`gts `csjky cge qujmbky' Pgfartugct`ky+ yaumcggat'

Ua s`t Lcjg+ yau dust r`d`do`r ta fjrst s`t th` Cuta!Dcguck!Hakeswjtmh ta Dcguck+ cge th`g pr`ss th` Lcjg outtag' Gaw yau us` th`thr``$pasjtjag tallk` swjtmh ta dcb` th` s`ttjgl'

G`è ta qujmbky s`t makar ockcgm`―yau dust swjtmhCPUA!DCGPCK!HAKE swjtmh ta Dcguck+ pr`ss th` \HJU@ OCKCGM@outtag+ s`t th` tallk` swjtmh ta C ar O+ cge th`g pr`ss cge hake th`\HU OCK outtag―c faur st`p pramèur`'

]hutt`r$sp`è js `v`g dar` praok`dctjm' Zau dust fjrst s`t th`CPUA!DCGPCK!HAKE swjtmh ta Dcguck+ pr`ss th` ]HPUU@_ ]^@@Eouttag+ cge us` th` d`gu rakk`r ta s`k`mt ‛0>— ar ‛6>'— (Dast af th`tjd`+ w` wcgt c shutt`r$sp`è cppraprjct` ta th` frcd`$rct` w` crùsjgl'*

Jf yau ea gat s`t th` shutt`r$sp`è+ jt js fr`` ta racd cs th` C@ syst`ds``bs cg aptjdck `xpasur`' Uhjs mcg k`ce ta `xm`ssjv` okur arjgmr`csè datjag straojgl'

E`spjt` th`s` magtrak e`sjlg fkcws+ w` wjkk usuckky wcgt ta us` Dcguckrcth`r thcg Cutadctjm magtrak'

Frad+ thjs pajgt farwcre+ cssud`9

Zau hcv` s`t CPUA!DCGPCK!HAKE swjtmh ta Dcguck'

\h`g yau hcv` dce` ceiustd`gts thct yau ea gat wcgt ta mhcgl`+sjdpky dav` th` CPUA!DCGPCK!HAKE swjtmh ta HAKE'

Fjlur` <'3 jgejmct`s th` prjdcry magtraks af th` FX3 mcdmare`r'

Fjlur` <'39 CPUA!DCGPCK!HAKE ]wjtmh

]haatjgl Cutadctjmckky

Uh` ]agy mcdmare`rs ea pravje` v`ry cmmurct` cutadctjm fugmtjags'Uhus+ yau mcg tcb` cevcgtcl` af th`s` fugmtjags' Jg typjmck sjtuctjags+th`y wjkk aotcjg g`cr p`rf`mt vjeà cge cueja'

Ua `glcl` ckk th`s` cutadctjm fugmtjags s`t th` CPUA!DCGPCK!HAKEswjtmh ta th` lr``g CPUA pasjtjag' Gaw th`s` fugmtjags wjkk o`cutadctjm9

Ø Cuta Famus (CF*

Ø Cuta @xpasur` (C@*

Ø Cutadctjm Lcjg Magtrak (CLM*

Ø Cutadctjm \hjt` Ockcgm` (C\O*

Crtjfjmjck jkkudjgctjag rcgl`s frad ?+3>>˙B ta 6+?>>˙B' Ct hjlhcktjtue`s+ makar t`dp`rctur` dcy o` cs hjlh cs 3>+>>>˙B`kvjg' Uh`]agy mcdmare`rs‚ C\O magtrak hcgek`s t`dp`rctur`s frad =+?>>˙B ta<+0>>˙B' Uh`r`far`+ C\O dcy gat o` p`rf`mt uge`r ckk magejtjags'

Ua dcb` dcxjdud us` af ]agy‚s `xm`kk`gt cutadctjm fugmtjagsr`qujr`s yau ta marr`mtky us` oath th` Cuta cge Hake dae`s'

Fjrst @glcl` CPUA Dae`

\jth Cuta dae` `glclè+ madpas` yaur shat' Uh` mcd`rc wjkkcutadctjmckky s`t \hjt` Ockcgm`+ s`t vjeà Lcjg+ s`t @xpas`+ cge s`tFamus'

]dcrt Famus

\h`g shaatjgl wje`smr``g vjeà yau wjkk aft`g madpas` c shat sa th`suoi`mt(s* cr` gat jg th` m`gt`r af th` frcd`' ]jgm` Cuta Famustypjmckky w`jlhts jgfardctjag frad th` m`gtrck cr`c af cg jdcl` lr`ct`rthcg th` surraugejgl cr`c―whct`v`r js jg th` m`gt`r wjkk o` dast jgfamus' Uhus+ yau g`è ta aut$sdcrt CF oy dad`gtcrjky frcdjgl th`b`y suoi`mt jg th` m`gt`r af th` jdcl`'

Gaw @glcl` HAKE Dae`

\h`g ckk s`ttjgls hcv` o``g cutadctjmckky s`t+ `glcl` Hake dae`'Gaw r`$frcd` th` shat cge shaat' Uh`r` wjkk o` ga ugwcgtè jdcl`

fkumtuctjags eurjgl th` shat' _`$`glcl` Cuta dae` wh`g th` shat jsmadpk`t` cge th`g madpas` th` g`xt shat'





]haatjgl ]jdpk`

Uh` prjdcry fugmtjags yau wjkk wcgt ta tcb` magtrak af cr` \hjtÒckcgm` cge Famus' Fjrst+ yau mcg dcb` s`v`rck d`gu s`ttjgls'

C@ _`spags`Ps` th` D`gu syst`d ta s`t th` C@ _`spags` ]p`è ta ]kaw+ Djeek`+ar Fcst' ]`t th` sp`è ta ]kaw sa th` C@ syst`d wjkk gat o` suoi`mt tadad`gtcry fkumtuctjags'

CLM Kjdjt

38eO+ 3?eO+ 6eO+ ar >eO' Far dcxjdud jdcl` quckjty+ kjdjt lcjg ta"3?eO'

_`davjgl Fkjmb`r ]haatjgl jg _`ljag 6> dae` jg c _`ljag 0> maugtry yj`kes c 3>Hz o`ctfkjmb`r frad paw`r$kjg` fr`qu`gmy' Ua sakv` thjs praok`d+ `glcl` th`Fkjmb`r Fjkt`r thct ctt`guct`s th` 3>Hz o`ct'

]haatjgl jg Crtjfjmjck Jkkudjgctjag

\h`g c mcd`rc aff`rs th` aptjag af cg Jgeaar s`ttjgl+ th`y cr` gatljvjgl yau c ugjv`rsck ‛jgeaar— sakutjag' ]jgm` cg Jgeaar s`ttjgl jstypjmckky =+?>>˙B+ jt js mk`cr th` s`ttjgl js dast aptjdck agky farjgmcge`sm`gt jkkudjgctjag' Uh`r`far`+ jf yau cr` warbjgl jg c sjtuctjag

wjth agky jgmcge`sm`gt kjlhtjgl+ yau mcg us` th` Jgeaar ^r`s`t'

Ø Ps` th` D`gu syst`d ta s`t th` mcd`rc‚s \hjt` Ockcgm` ^r`s`t taJgeaars (=+?>>˙B*'

Ø ^r`ss th` \HJU@ OCKCGM@ outtag'

Ø ]`t th` Mcd`rc‚s \HJU@ OCKCGM@ tallk` swjtmh ta th` ^_@]@Upasjtjag'

]haatjgl jg Gcturck Kjlht@xm`pt ct sugrjs` cge sugs`t+ cge jg sp`mjck sjtuctjags+ th` makart`dp`rctur` af gcturck kjlht rcgl`s frad 5+0>>˙B ta 6+3>>˙B'Uh`r`far`+ jf yau cr` warbjgl jg thjs sjtuctjag+ yau mcg us` th` Auteaar^r`s`t'





Ø Ps` th` D`gu syst`d ta s`t th` mcd`rc‚s \hjt` Ockcgm` ^r`s`t taAuteaars (0+8>>˙B*'


Ø ]`t th` Mcd`rc‚s \hjt` Ockcgm` UALLK@ swjtmh ta th` ^r`s`tpasjtjag'

Jf yau cr` shaatjgl auteaars wjth c Y39

Ø Ps` th` D`gu syst`d ta s`t th` mcd`rc‚s \hjt` Ockcgm` ^r`s`t taAuteaars (0+8>>˙B*'

Ø Ps` th` D`gu syst`d ta s`t th` \hjt` Ockcgm` Auteaar K`v`k ]hjftcs g`m`sscry'


Ø ]`t th` Mcd`rc‚s \HJU@ OCKCGM@ UALLK@ swjtmh ta th` ^_@]@Upasjtjag'

Aotcjg Famus

Cs ag` djlht `xp`mt wjth cg HE mcd`rc+ famusjgl js c mrumjck jssu`'Uh`r` cr` thr`` wcys ta aotcjg famus9 Cuta Cssjst+ Ag`$Uaumh Dcguck+cge Fukky Dcguck'

Ag`$taumh Cuta Famus Rus` ]pat famus ag th` KME ^cg`k}

Ø ]`t th` FAMP] ]\JUMH ta DCGPCK'

Ø Yaad jg fukky cge m`gt`r th` suoi`mt jg th` KME ar Vj`wfjge`r'

Ø ^r`ss th` famus AG@$UAPMH outtag ar th` JGFJGJUZ outtag' Uh`famus wjkk o` kambè'

Ø Yaad ocmb cge r`frcd` th` shat'

J r`madd`ge usjgl Ag`$taumh Cuta Famus' Haw`v`r+ wh`g shaatjglwje`smr``g vjeà yau wjkk aft`g madpas` c shat sa th` suoi`mt(s* cr`

gat jg th` m`gt`r af th` frcd`' O`mcus` Ag`$taumh Cuta Famus w`jlhtsjgfardctjag frad th` m`gtrck cr`c af cg jdcl` lr`ct`r thcg th`surraugejgl cr`c―whct`v`r js jg th` m`gt`r wjkk o` dast jg famus'Uhus+ yau dcy g`è ta aut$sdcrt CF oy frcdjgl th` b`y suoi`mt jg th`m`gt`r af th` jdcl` whjk` yau pr`ss Ag`$taumh Cuta Famus'





\h`g yau r`k`cs` th` Ag`$taumh Cuta Famus dae`―r`frcd` yaurshat'

Ocmbkjlht Magtrak

\h`g th` orjlht`st saurm` af jkkudjgctjag js o`hjge c suoi`mt+ th`suoi`mt wjkk cpp`cr taa ecrb' ^r`ss th` FX3‚s Ocmbkjlht outtag tajgmr`cs` `xpasur` oy ag` stap' \jth c Y3+ yau mcg cssjlg th`Ocmbkjlht fugmtjag ta ag` af th` Ps`r outtags'

]patkjlht Magtrak

\h`g th` orjlht saurm` af jkkudjgctjag js jg fragt af c suoi`mt+ cge th`ocmblrauge js ecrb+ th` suoi`mt wjkk cpp`cr taa kjlht' ^r`ss th` FX3‚s]patkjlht outtag ta jgmr`cs` `xpasur` oy ag` stap' \jth c Y3+ yau mcg

cssjlg th` ]patkjlht fugmtjag ta ag` af th` Ps`r outtags'





Lcjgjgl Dar` Magtrak

]`t Vjeà Lcjg

Ø Ps` th` mcd`rc‚s d`gu ta s`t th` lcjg vcku`s (>eO+ "=eO+ "6eO+":eo+ "3?eO+ "30eO+ cge "38eO* far th` H+ D+ cge K lcjgs`ttjgls' E`spjt` skjlhtky kaw`r ]!G rctja ct "38eO+ yau dcy g`èta s`t H ta "38eO ta warb jgeaars' Jf gat+ s`t H ta "30eO' Uh` K cge D s`ttjgls shauke o` s`t ta >eO cge "3?eO r`sp`mtjv`ky'

Ø ^r`ss th` LCJG outtag'

Ø Ps` th` Lcjg tallk` ta s`t th` lcjg ta K+ D+ cge H cs g`èè'

Psjgl Vjeà Lcjg9 Uh` purpas` af vjeà lcjg js ta jgmr`cs` pjmtur`

orjlhtg`ss wjthaut th` hcssk` af jgmr`csjgl sm`g` jkkudjgctjag'Pgfartugct`ky+ ct hjlh lcjg vcku`s th`r` js jgmr`csè pjmtur` gajs`'\jthjg c sm`g`+ w` ea gat wcgt shat$ta$shat vcrjctjags jg vjeà lcjg

o`mcus`+ whjk` vcryjgl lcjg vcku`s wjkk r`sukt jg magsjst`gt shat$ta$shat orjlhtg`ss―th`y dcy cksa yj`ke shat$ta$shat vcrjctjags jgvjeà gajs`'

Uh`r`far`+ vjeà lcjg shauke je`ckky o` s`t ag c ‛kamctjag— ocsjs'

Jgmr`csè vjeà lcjg mcg pkcy c mr`ctjv` rak` jf th` ceejtjag afjdcl` gajs` js e`sjrè' Pgfartugct`ky+ vjeà gajs` e`mr`cs`sD^@L$? `gmaejgl `ffjmj`gmy+ sa jf yau wcgt sjdukctè ‛lrcjg— jtshauke ceeè jg past'

]`t th` ]hutt`r$sp`è

]hutt`r$sp`è―\hct js jt _`ckky Psè Far1 \hjk` shutt`r$sp`èea`s magtrak `xpasur`―jt hcs c dar` fugecd`gtck us` af ckt`rjglth` t`dparck kaab af vjeà' Gadjgck shutt`r$sp`ès shauke o` th`r`mjpramck af th` frcd`$rct`' Uhct d`cgs 3!0>th s`mage far ?0fpscge 3!6>th s`mage far =>fps'

Af maurs`+ yau mcg jgmr`cs` shutt`r$sp`è ta mr`ct` c ‛]cvjgl

^rjvct` _ycg— straojgl kaab ar e`mr`cs` th` sp`è ta cee datjagokur' ]hutt`r$sp`è+ th`r`far`+ shauke o` s``g cs c mr`ctjv` taak+gat c magtrak `xpasur` taak'

Pgfartugct`ky+ mcd`rc `gljg``rs aft`g us` shutt`r$sp`è cs th`prjdcry wcy af ceiustjgl `xpasur`' Uh`y e`sjlg mcd`rcs taap`rct` jg ‛shutt`r$prjarjty— dae`' Uh`y ea thjs o`mcus` v`ry

cmmurct` `xpasur` mcg o` cmhj`vè wh`g shutt`r$tjd` js magtrakkèag frcd`$ta$frcd` ocsjs' Magtrakkjgl th` d`mhcgjmck cp`rtur` vjc c

s`rvadatar js k`ss r`spagsjv` cge dcy o` k`ss cmmurct`'

Uh` praok`d wjth shutt`r$prjarjty ap`rctjag js thct cs th` mcd`rcmagtraks `xpasur` vjc shutt`r$sp`è+ jt sjduktcgàusky ckt`rs th`t`dparck kaab af th` vjeà' Jg shart+ th`r` dcy o` vjsuck sje` `ff`mtsta magtrakkjgl `xpasur`' Ag` sakutjag ta thjs praok`d js ta kjdjt th`

dcxjdud cge djgjdud shutt`r$sp`è' (Uypjmckky+ sp`ès dcyrcgl` frad 3!=>th ta 3!?0>th s`mage'* \h`g th`s` vcku`s cr``xm`èè+ th`g th` cp`rtur` wjkk o` ceiustè'

FX3@ ar Y3 jg _`ljag 0> dae`

Ø ^r`ss th` ]HPUU@_ ]^@@E outtag'

Ø Ps` th` D`gu rakk`r ta s`t th` shutt`r$sp`è ta 3!0>th

Ø Ea gat pr`ss ]HPUU@_ ]^@@E clcjg'

FX3 ar Y3 jg _`ljag 6> dae`

Ø ^r`ss th` ]HPUU@_ ]^@@E outtag'

Ø Ps` th` D`gu rakk`r ta s`t th` shutt`r$sp`è ta 3!6>th

Ø Ea gat pr`ss ]HPUU@_ ]^@@E clcjg'

]`t \hjt` Ockcgm`Cs shawg jg Fjlur` <'?+ th` rcgl` af makar t`dp`rctur`s thct yau dcy`gmaugt`r wh`g shaatjgl js v`ry kcrl`' Far `xcdpk`+ crtjfjmjckjkkudjgctjag rcgl`s frad 3+0>>˙B (Mcgek` kjlht* ta ?+8>>˙B (6>\Jgmcge`sm`gt* ta =+=>>˙B (Hckal`g* ta 5+?>>˙B (Maak \hjt`fkuar`sm`gt* ta 6+0>>˙B (Ecykjlht fkuar`sm`gt*'

Gcturck kjlht rcgl`s frad ?+>>>˙B ta av`r 3=+>>>˙B' Ct gaag ag csuggy ecy+ th` makar t`dp`rctur` jg ejr`mt sugkjlht js coaut 0+0>>˙B'Uhjs js th` t`dp`rctur` usè far c mcd`rc‚s Ecykjlht s`ttjgl' \h`g c

suoi`mt js jg ‛ap`g shce`— ag c suggy ecy+ th` makar t`dp`rctur` dcyo` <+0>>˙B' Uh` makar t`dp`rctur` af cg av`rmcst ecy js jg o`tw``gth`s` twa vcku`s ct coaut 6+0>>˙B'

Fjlur` <'?9 Makar U`dp`rctur`\h`g kjlhtjgl magejtjags ea gat dctmh `jth`r Jgeaars ar Auteaars^r`s`ts+ yau shauke us` th` mcdmare`rs‚ Dcguck \hjt` Ockcgm`syst`d'

]t`ps ta Dcguckky \hjt` Ockcgm`

Ø ]wjtmh jg th` GE fjkt`r cs g`m`sscry'


Ø ]`t th` \HJU@ OCKCGM@ UALLK@ swjtmh ta C ar O

Ø ^ajgt th` k`gs ct c whjt` mkath ar whjt` mcre jkkudjgct`e oy th` kjlhtfckkjgl ag yaur suoi`mt'

Ø ^r`ss cge hake th` \HU OCK ugtjk th` jgejmctar staps rcpje fkcshjgl'





Aotcjg cg Cmmurct` @xpasur`

O`mcus` w` wcgt ta r`strjmt shutt`r$sp`è ta c mr`ctjv` fugmtjag rcth`rthcg cg `xpasur` fugmtjag―thct k`cv`s th` mcd`rc‚s cp`rtur` cs thàgky wcy ta magtrak `xpasur`'

Frad cg ‛`gljg``rjgl— vj`wpajgt+ cg aptjdck `xpasur` d`cgs th`jgfardctjag o`jgl r`mareè us`s ckk th` ojts jg th` ejljtck ‛wares— r`pr`s`gtjgl scdpk`s af th` vjeà sjlgcks' Zau ea gat wcgt ckk th`vjeà jgfardctjag ougmhè up g`cr >J_@ ar g`cr 33>J_@' (Af maurs`+thjs cssud`s th` sm`g` hcs fukk$rcgl` af tagck vcku`s'*

Kaabjgl ct c hjstalrcd af vjeà sjlgck vcku`s+ jt shauke gat shaw ckkjgfardctjag mkust`rè ct cgy sdckk cr`c ag th` rcgl` frad djgjdud tadcxjdud orjlhtg`ss (J_@* k`v`k' \h`g th` sjlgck ejstrjoutjag js wje`+th` r`mareè lrcysmck` rcgl` af th` vjeà sjlgck hcs th` dcxjdud

gudo`r af k`v`ks' Uhjs js jdpartcgt o`mcus` th` jdcl` hcs dcxjdudlrcysmck` (kudc* r`sakutjag'

Uh` ]agy HV_$C3 pravje`s c hjstalrcd ejspkcy af th` vjeà sjlgck sayau mcg cmhj`v` thjs lack jg th` fj`ke' Uh`s` ]agy HEV mcdmare`rs cr`th` fjrst magsud`r!prasud`r mcdmare`r ta aff`r thjs vckucok` f`ctur`'

\hct+ yau dcy o` csbjgl+ coaut mr`ctjv` `xpasur` magtrak1 Dy cgsw`rjs thct oy e`kjv`rjgl c ejljtckky aptjdck vjeà (cge cueja* sjlgck ta yaurèjtjgl syst`d+ yau hcv` o`st quckjty sjlgck wjth whjmh ta dcb` ag$kjg` mr`ctjv` ceiustd`gts'

Uh`s` ceiustd`gts+ ugkjb` thas` dce` jg th` fj`ke+ cr` r`v`rsjok`' Jgpast+ th`y mcg o` tw`cb`e ta p`rf`mtjag'

]`t FX3!Y3 @xpasur`

Ø ^r`ss th` J_J] outtag'

Ø Ceiust th` Jrjs magtrak (Fjlur` <'=* ugtjk th` `xpasur` kaabs marr`mtcge!ar ugtjk th` z`orc pctt`rg kaabs marr`mt'

Fjlur` <'=9 Jrjs Ejck

]`t HV_$C3 @xpasur`

_JLHU LCJG GE 3 GE ? J_J] F$stap

3 "38eO f!3'8

? "30eO f!3'8

= "3?eO f!3'8

5 ":eO f!3'8 f!3

0 "6eO f!3'8 f!3'5

6 "=eO f!3'8 f!3'5

< ">eO f!3'8 f!3'<

8 ">eO f!?'> f!?

: ">eO f!?'5 f!?'5

3> ">eO f!?'8 f!?'8

33 ">eO f!='5 f!='5

3? ">eO f!5 f!5

3= ">eO f!5 f!5'8

35 ">eO f!5 f!0'6

30 ">eO f!5 f!6'8

36 ">eO f!5 f!83< ">eO f!5 f!:'0

38 ">eO f!5 f!33

3: ">eO f!5 f!3='0

?> ">eO f!5'8 f!36

?3 ">eO f!0'6 f!3:

?? ">eO f!6'8 f!??

?= ">eO f!8 f!?<

?5 ">eO f!=?

Lr``g M`kks Jgejmct` ]`ttjgls far Aptjdck Suckjty

Oku` M`kk Jgejmct`s ]`ttjgl far Djgjdud EAF

Z`kkaw M`kks Jgejmct` ]`ttjgls far Cmm`ptcok` Suckjty

Cvaje Arcgl` M`kk cge _`e M`kk ]`ttjgls





Dcguck Famus

Ø ]`t th` FAMP] ]\JUMH ta DCGPCK'

Ø Yaad jg fukky cge m`gt`r th` suoi`mt jg th` KME ar Vj`wfjge`r

Ø Aptjagckky+ swjtmh Ag th` Dclgjfjmctjag dae`'

Ø Ps` th` FAMP] _JGL ta cmhj`v` famus'

Ø \jth FX3+ th` Dclgjfjmctjag dae` wjkk turg$aff cft`r 0 s`mages' \jthth` Y3+ yau dust swjtmh Aff th` Dclgjfjmctjag dae`'

Ø Yaad ocmb cge r`frcd` th` shat'

^`rf`mtjgl Magtrak

Psjgl ^jmtur` ^rafjk`s

Uh` Y3 cge FX3 aff`r sjx ^jmtur` ^rafjk`s cs shawg jg Fjlur` <'5' Zaumcg mhaas` ag` af th` fcmtary e`fcukts ar yau mcg s`k`mt cgy ag` cgedaejfy jt'

Ø ^r`ss th` ^JMUP_@ ^_AFJK@ outtag'

Ø Mhas` ag` af th` sjx ^rafjk`s ta daejfy

Ø Dcb` daejfjmctjags ta cgy af th` fakkawjgl pcrcd`t`rs'

Fjlur` <'59 ^jmtur` ^rafjk` Outtag

Makar K`v`k

]`t ta ”8 far O&\' ”< (kaw* ta "< (hjlh*' Uh` rcgl` af makarceiustd`gt js kjdjtè'

Makar ^hcs`

”< (lr``gjsh* ta "< (rèejsh*' J ea gat r`madd`ge mhcgljgl th` vcku`frad z`ra'

]hcrpg`ss

> (saft* ta "30 (mk`cr*' Uh` e`fcukt vcku` af 3? js cppraprjct` cge ea`sgat cee `xm`ssjv` èl` `ghcgm`d`gt' Kaw`rjgl ]hcrpg`ss sjdpkysaft`gs th` vjeà'

]bjgtag` E`tcjkJ ea gat r`madd`ge th` fjkt`r o`mcus` r`davjgl sbjg e`tcjk mcus`ssbjg ta tcb` ag c pkcstjm kaab' ]`t ta AFF'

]bjgtag` K`v`k

]bjg tag` k`v`k mcg o` s`k`mtè cs Hjlh+ Djeek`+ cge Kaw'

Mjg`Frcd` ?0 dae`

O` sur` yau s`t th` shutt`r$sp`è ta 3!0>th'

Mjg`Frcd` ?5 dae`

O` sur` yau s`t th` shutt`r$sp`è ta 3!6>th'

Mjg`Frcd` => dae`

O` sur` yau s`t th` shutt`r$sp`è ta 3!6>th' ]`` Cpp`gejm`s M cge Efar cg jg$e`pth `xpkcgctjag af th` Mjg`Frcd` dae`s'

Uh`s` dae`s ckk sjlgjfjmcgtky rèum` `ff`mtjv` v`rtjmck r`sakutjag'

Uh`r`far`+ J ea gat r`madd`ge usjgl cgy af Mjg`Frcd` dae`s'

Okcmb ]tr`tmh

Uh` Y3‚s Okcmb ]tr`tmh dae` ckt`rs th` gardck vje`a lcddc shawg jgFjlur` <'0 ta pravje` skjlhtky lr`ct`r dje$tag` shceaw e`tcjk cs shawgjg Fjlur` <'6'

Fjlur` <'09 Gardck Lcddc

Fjlur` <'69 Gardck Lcddc wjth Okcmb ]tr`tmh

J r`madd`ge `gcokjgl Okcmb ]tr`tmh jg hjlh$magtrcst sjtuctjags' Jt js cb`y f`ctur` af th` Y3'





Djgjdjz` E`pth$af$Fj`ke

Aft`g ag` g`ès ta okur e`tcjks jg c sm`g`‚s ocmblrauge―far `xcdpk`+jg cg jgt`rvj`w' C shckkaw E`pth$af$Fj`ke (EAF* js typjmckky r`qujrèwh`g shaatjgl davj`s'

Pgfartugct`ky+ th` sdckk`r c mcd`rc‚s MME+ th` e``p`r c mcd`rc‚sjgh`r`gt famus' Zau wjkk g`è ta us` c madojgctjag af s`v`rck trjmbs tae`mr`cs` EAF' Uh`s` trjmbs jgmkue` kambjgl th` shutt`r$sp`è ta `jth`r3!6>th ar 3!0>th+ cs yau mcggat sjdpky ceiust th` Jrjs ta c kcrl`rap`gjgl+ cs th` `xpasur` wjkk o`mad` jgmarr`mt'

û Zau mcg rèum` jkkudjgctjag ta farm` th` Jrjs dar` ap`g'

û Jf yau hcv` ceeè lcjg+ yau mcg ejck eawg th` cdaugt af lcjg+ whjmh wjkkfarm` th` Jrjs ap`g' ^r`ss th` LCJG outtag cge ceiust th` Lcjg s`ttjgl'

Jf yau hcv` gat kambè th` shutt`r$sp`è+ yau mcg dcguckky ap`g th`cp`rtur`' Haw`v`r+ jdcl` quckjty mcg suff`r jf th` Jrjs js fukky ap`gè'Far thjs r`csag+ cg f!?'8 Jrjs js c laae madpradjs`'

û ^r`ss th` J_J] outtag cge ceiust th` Jrjs' Pgfartugct`ky+ thct wjkkcutadctjmckky farm` th` shutt`r$sp`è hjlh`r cge dcy mcus` c straojglkaab' @xpasur`+ af maurs`+ wjkk r`dcjg marr`mt' Ea gat ckkaw th` Jrjs ta ap`gpcst f!?'8'

Zau mcg `gcok` `jth`r af th` mcdmare`rs‚ GE fjkt`rs'

û Jf th` shutt`r$sp`è js kambè+ th` Jrjs wjkk cutadctjmckky ap`g o`mcus` th`GE rèum`s kjlht jgput' Ea gat ckkaw th` Jrjs ta ap`g pcst f!?'8' @xpasur`+af maurs`+ wjkk r`dcjg marr`mt'

û Jf th` shutt`r$sp`è js gat kambè+ yau mcg dcguckky ap`g th` Jrjs ta f!?'8'^r`ss th` J_J] outtag cge ceiust th` Jrjs'

û Pgfartugct`ky+ thct wjkk cutadctjmckky farm` th` shutt`r$sp`è hjlh`r cgedcy mcus` c straojgl kaab' @xpasur`+ af maurs`+ wjkk r`dcjg marr`mt'

Clcjg+ ea gat ckkaw th` Jrjs ta ap`g pcst f!?'8'

Uh` dar` yau zaad c k`gs ta U`k`phata+ th` k`ss EAF' Uh`r`far`9û âsjtjag th` suoi`mt cs mkas` ta th` mcd`rc cs passjok`'

û _cmb th` k`gs ta U`k`phata'

Dcst`rjgl Cueja

Djmraphag`s

Uh` HEV$FX3 jgmkue`s c sha`$daugt thct mcg o` usè far c shatlugdjmraphag`' Zau mcg us` th` d`mhcgjsd ta daugt th` Cze`g ]LD$3X]up`r Mcrejaje ]hatlug djmraphag` shawg jg Fjlur` <'<'

Fjlur` <'<9 Cze`g ]LD$3X ]up`r Mcrejaje ]hatlug

Uh` djmraphag` jgmkue`s c facd wjgesmr``g (thct mcg o` usè wjth arwjthaut th` mcdmare`rs‚ d`gu$s`k`mtcok` \jge Fjkt`r* cge cgjgt`lrctè shamb$daugt thct cttcmh`s ta mcdmare`r‚s sha`$daugt'

Uh` shamb$daugt js g`m`sscry ta `kjdjgct` mcdmare`r datar gajs`'Zau wjkk cksa g`è c Hasc 3$faat Djgj$st`rà Dck` ta =$pjg XK_ F`dck` Cglkè mcok` ta magg`mt `jth`r djmraphag` ta th` mcdmare`r‚s 3!8th$

jgmh djmraphag` icmb'Uh` HE_$Y3 mcg cmm`pt c ]agy @MD$6<8 cs shawg oy Fjlur` <'8'

Fjlur` <'89 ]agy @MD$6<8

Ckt`rgct`ky+ oath th` HV_$Y3 cge th` HEV$FX3 mcg cmm`pt c ]agyP\^$M3!6?65 wjr`k`ss r`m`jv`r cs shawg oy Fjlur` <':'

Fjlur` <':9 ]agy P\^$M3!6?65

Far st`rà r`marejgl+ th` oujkt$jg FX3 st`rà djmraphag` sauges v`ry+v`ry laae' \jth th` FX3+ th` djmraphag` jgput js magtrakkè oy cg CLM(Cuta Lcjg Magtrak* mjrmujt thct mcggat o` e`f`ctè' Uh` CLM cmtsprjdcrjky cs cg cueja kjdjt`r (ta pr`v`gt hcre$mkjppjgl* whjk` cksasuotky magtrakkjgl cueja k`v`k ta b``p jt aptjdck wjth djgjdck+ jf cgy+g`lctjv` sje`$`ff`mts―sumh cs cueja ‛cueja pudpjgl'—

\arbjgl wjth th` Y3 Cueja Aptjags

Far th` Y3 yau hcv` th` aptjag ta warb wjth9

Ø Uh` CLM cmts prjdcrjky cs cg cueja kjdjt`r thct pr`v`gts hcre$mkjppjgl oy b``pjgl th` cueja k`v`k frad r`cmhjgl >eO' Jt cksajlgar`s kaw$k`v`k sauge sa ocmblrauge gajs` jg gat rcjsè' K`v`ksfrad ”30eO ta ”6eO cr` suotky b`pt o`kaw ”30eO' K`v`ks frad ”0>eO ta ”?6eO cr` suotky b`pt coav` ”?6eO' Uhjs b``ps k`v`kso`tw``g ”?6eO cge ”30eO' Uhjs js th` marr`mt rcgl` far HEV whjmhus`s c Gadjgck (typjmck* _`f`r`gm` K`v`k af ”?>eO' Uh` CLM‚ssuotk` magtrak pr`v`gts g`lctjv` sje`$`ff`mts―sumh cs cueja ‛cuejapudpjgl'— (]`` Mhcpt`r 6'*

Ø Dcguck cueja magtrak―wjthaut cg Cueja Kjdjt`r `glclè'

Ø Dcguck cueja magtrak―wjth th` Cueja Kjdjt`r `glclè'

Jf yau e`mje` gat ta us` CLM+ o` sur` yau `glcl` th` Cueja Kjdjt`r tapr`v`gt hcre$mkjppjgl' (]`` Mhcpt`r 6'*





]`ttjgl Dcguck cueja K`v`ks

^`cb K`v`ks

\jth cgckal r`marejgl+ yaur dciar magm`rg js b``pjgl th` sjlgck$ta$gajs` rctja cs hjlh cs passjok`' Zau ea thjs oy turgjgl up th` cueja

k`v`k sa th` VP d`t`r p`cbs ct+ ar coav`+ >eO (> VP*' Jg prcmtjm` wjthhjlh$quckjty cgckal tcp` r`mare`rs+ jt js maddag ta b``p th` g`èk` jgth` ‛rè— wh`g r`marejgl'

Far thjs r`csag+ th` d`t`r wjkk typjmckky ‛p`l— ct "=eO eurjgl th`kaue`st partjags' Uh`r`far`+ ‛aff d`t`r— p`cbs af "5eO ta "8eO cr`maddag' Uh`s` mcus`s ga praok`ds o`mcus` wjth laae cgckal`qujpd`gt th`r` js ce`quct` ‛h`ceraad— far th`s` p`cbs' Uh`r` js gamagm`rg coaut `xm`èjgl >eO o`mcus` th` r`sukt js /saft$mkjppjgl/ thctea`s gat k`ce ta hcrsh ejstartjag'

Uh` ruk` jg cgckal r`marejgl js kaue`r js o`tt`r thcg saft`r'

\jth ejljtck r`marejgl+ yaur dciar magm`rg js b``pjgl th` sjlgck fradr`cmhjgl >eO o`mcus` thct wjkk r`sukt jg /hcre$mkjppjgl'/ Hcre$mkjppjglmcus`s gcsty ejstartjag' Ag th` ath`r hcge+ kaw$k`v`k sjlgcks cr` gapraok`d wjth ejljtck r`marejgl' Uh` sjlgck$ta$gajs` rctja wjkk gat o`hurt oy saft cueja'

Uh` ruk` jg ejljtck r`marejgl js saft`r js o`tt`r thcg kaue`r'

Gadjgck _`f`r`gm` K`v`k

Jg thàry+ far cg aptjdck r`marejgl yau shauke mhaas`+ ocsè upag th`typ` cueja yau cr` r`marejgl+ c Gadjgck _`f`r`gm` K`v`k' Gadjgck_`f`r`gm` K`v`k js th` typjmck cueja k`v`k af yaur r`marejgl' Uh`r` cr`thr`` Gadjgck _`f`r`gm` K`v`ks jg us` taecy9





$3?eOF] Far cueja thct hcs c v`ry kjdjtè eygcdjm rcgl`―sumh csdct`rjck frad c mcss`tt` tcp` r`mare`r'

$38eOF] Far cueja thct hcs c kjdjtè eygcdjm rcgl`―sumh csdct`rjck frad c O`tc ]^ VU_'

$?>eOF] Far cueja thct hcs c wje` eygcdjm rcgl`―sumh cs frad cME pkcy`r'

H`ceraad

H`ceraad js th` ejff`r`gm` o`tw``g th` mhas`g Gadjgck _`f`r`gm`K`v`k cge >eO o`mcus` hcre$mkjppjgl wjkk ammur ct thjs k`v`k' Zau dcyo` surprjsè ct haw dumh h`ceraad js r`qujrè'

\h`g r`marejgl cgckal cueja ag` typjmckky b``ps th` sjlgck k`v`ko`tw``g ”6eO cge "8eO' C f`w sauge `gljg``rs stjkk try ta b``p sjlgck

k`v`ks p`cbjgl ct >eO o`mcus` th`y warry coaut b``pjgl th` sjlgck$ta$gajs` rctja hjlh'

Dar` maddagky taecy―`gljg``rs cr` sa warrjè coaut hcre$mkjppjglth`y r`mare ct v`ry kaw k`v`ks' Pgfartugct`ky+ wh`g èjtjgl+ th` lcjgdust th`g o` jgmr`csè whjmh hcs th` sje`$`ff`mt af ceejgl gajs`'

]jdpk` Aptjdck Dcguck Cueja _`marejgl

Uh`r` cr` twa st`ps ta fakkaw far aptjdck dcguck cueja r`marejgl'

Ø O` sur` yau hcv` marr`mtky s`t th` Urjd k`v`k far `cmh Djm' (]``Mhcpt`r 6'*

Ø ]jgm` th` jgeustry hcs e`fjgè th` HE cge HEV Gadjgck K`v`k cs ”?>eO+ b``p yaur mcdmare`r‚s r`marejgl k`v`k o`tw``g ”?6eO cge ”3?eO' (Uh` CLM us`s c ”?>eO Gadjgck K`v`k'*

Uhct k`cv`s `gaulh H`ceraad far orj`f p`cbs ta ammur wjthaut th`k`v`k r`cmhjgl taa g`cr >eO' (Uurgjgl ag th` mcdmare`r‚s Kjdjt`rpr`v`gts th` sjlgck frad r`cmhjgl >eO'* Uh` ejljtck d`t`r o`kaw shawsc p`cb af ”3?eO'





Madpk`x Aptjdck Dcguck Cueja _`marejgl

Uh`r` cr` thr`` st`ps ta fakkaw far aptjdck dcguck cueja r`marejgl'

3' O` sur` yau hcv` marr`mtky s`t th` Urjd k`v`k far `cmh Djm' (]``Mhcpt`r 6'*

?' Mhaas` c Gadjgck _`f`r`gm` K`v`k ocsè'=' Psjgl th` Ucok` o`kaw+ ceiust yaur r`marejgl k`v`k'

CgckalD`t`rjgl

eOF]

Gadjgck _`f`r`gm` K`v`k

$3?eO $38eO $?>eO

"8 $5 $3> $3?

"5 $8 $35 $36

> $3> $38 $?>

$6 $38 $?5 $?6

Eygcdjm _cgl`

\jth ejljtck‚s 36$ojt scdpkjgl+ th` pat`gtjck r`marejgl eygcdjm rcgl` js:6eO' Uhjs rcgl` mcg hcgek` sjtuctjags wh`r` th` cv`rcl` cueja k`v`keraps o`kaw ”?6eO' ‛_jejgl lcjg— typjmckky js gat g`m`sscry'

Cueja Ujps

H`r` cr` sad` tjps far o`tt`r cueja9

û Uh` FX3‚s Djm icmb js cg ugockcgmè sa b``p mcok` k`glth v`ry shart'

û Jf c dagcurck djm js magg`mtè ta th` FX3+ th` pkul wjrjgl thct magg`mts jtta th` Djm icmb e`t`rdjg`s jf th` cueja wjkk o` r`mareè ag ag` ar twamhcgg`ks' Cge+ jf ag` mhcgg`k―whjmh mhcgg`k'

û Jf yaur djmraphag` hcs c ‛rudok`— (hjlh$pcss* fjkt`r o` sur` ta `glcl` jt ta`kjdjgct`+ far `xcdpk`+ suowcy rudok`'

û Cksa r`d`do`r thct yau mcg d`gu `glcl` th` mcdmare`r‚s \jge Fjkt`r'

û Uh` XK_ jgput shauke o` frad c kaw$jdpècgm` (ka$Y* saurm`+ far `xcdpk`6>>$ahds+ ar k`ss'

û \h`g usjgl cg XK_ jgput+ o` sur` th` djmraphag` cge mcok` cr` warbjgljg ockcgmè dae`' Jf gat+ us` cg ugockcgmè$ta$ockcgmè trcgsfard`r jg$kjg` frad th` ugockcgmè djmraphag`' Je`ckky th` trcgsfard`r shaukecttcmhè ejr`mtky ta th` Djm' (]`` Cpp`gejx O'*

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3<> 0!3>!3=

Mhcpt`r 89 HV_$Y3 cge HE_$FX3Magg`mtjags

Mhcpt`r 8 pravje`s th` jgfardctjag yau wjkk g`è ta magg`mt yaur ]agy mcdmare`r ar HEV e`mb ta yaur GK@'

Vj`wjgl HE

Jf yau cr` gat usjgl c praf`ssjagck HE dagjtar+ s`t yaur UV ar HEUV‚s]hcrpg`ss ct ‛3>— ta ‛5>'— Cksa+ rèum` Magtrcst ta 6> ta <0 tacvaje ‛okaadjgl— thct mcg e`mr`cs` r`sakutjag'

Zau shauke hcv` jt mckjorctè oy cg J]F trcjgè p`rsag(www'jdcljglsmj`gm`'mad!jsf$trcjgè'mfd*'

Cksa+ r`d`do`r thct cs saag cs HEV vjeà js magv`rtè ta GU]M ar^CK+ ckjcsè ejclagcks cs w`kk cs GU]M mrass$makar cge mrass$kudjgcgm` crtjfcmts wjkk o`mad` cppcr`gt'

HV_$HE3> HEV E`mb

]agy dcrb`ts cg HEV VU_ thct mcg o` usè far oath pkcyocmb cge

r`mare' Uh` e`mb mcg pkcy oath _`ljag 0> (^CK EV!EVMCD cge3>8>j0>* cge _`ljag 6> vjeà (GU]M EV!EVMCD cge 3>8>j6>*' Uh`HV_$HE3> (Fjlur` 8'3* aff`rs dast af th` scd` fugmtjags+ cs ea`s th`HV_$Y3'

Fjlur` 8'39 ]agy HE3>

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3<3 0!3>!3=

Uh` HE3> f`ctur`s c VU_ fragt mav`r thct fkjps eawg ta `xpas` e`mbmagtraks' Uh` tcp` trcgspart js pkcmè o`hjge th` fkjp$eawg fragt mav`r'

Fjlur` 8'?9 ]agy HE3> Urcgspart

D`gu syst`ds ag th` e`mb ckkaw yau ta magtrak haw cueja cge vjeàcr` autput cge jgput'

]`k`mt _`ljag 0> ar _`ljag 6>

_`ljag 0>9 ^CK EV!EVMCD+ 3>8>j0>+ cge Mjg`Frcd` ?0 r`marejgl'

_`ljag 6>9 GU]M EV!EVMCD+ 3>8>j6>+ pkus Mjg`Frcd` ?5 cgeMjg`Frcd` => r`marejgl'

VM_ HEV!EV

Uh` mcdmare`rs cge e`mb pravje` c d`gu$ocsè mhajm` af ap`rctjglfardct'

O`far` yau mhcgl` dae`s+ yau dust ejsmagg`mt th` j'KJGB

mcok`'Zau mcg s`k`mt cdagl9

Ø HEV9 wh`g pkcyjgl HEV yau mcg th`g s`k`mt j'KJGB Aff ta autputHEV ar Ag ta autput EV'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3<? 0!3>!3=

Ø Cuta9 wh`g pkcyjgl EV!EVMCD+ EV!EVMCD wjkk o` autput2 wh`gpkcyjgl HEV yau mcg th`g s`k`mt j'KJGB Aff ta autput HEV ar Ag taautput EV'

Ø EV9 wh`g pkcyjgl EV!EVMCD+ EV!EVMCD wjkk o` autput'

Madpag`gt Autput

Uh` mcdmare`rs cge e`mb pravje` cgckal madpag`gt autput' Cougekè Z^rô ‛E— mcok` (wjth thr`` _MC pkuls* suppkj`s cgckalmadpag`gt autput far th` Y3 cge FX3' Uh` e`mb hcs thr`` _MC icmbs'

Fjlur` 8'=9 Ocmb af ]agy HE3>

Madpag`gt D`gu

Uh` Madpag`gt d`gu js djsgcdè' Jt magtraks th` autput af ckk autputs'

Ø Madpag`gt magg`mtars

Ø j'KJGB part

Ø Madpasjt` cge ]$vjeà magg`mtars

_`ljag 6> Dae`

Ø 58>j9 Autput eawgmagv`rtè HEV ar EV!EVMCD ct 58>j'

Ø 58>p9 Autput eawgmagv`rtè HEV ar EV!EVMCD ct 58>p'

Ø 3>8>j!58>j9 Autput HEV ct 3>8>j6> ar EV!EVMCD ct 58>j'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3<= 0!3>!3=

Gat`9 <?>p=> mcg o` pkcyè agky jg th` 3>8>j!58>j dae`' Jt wjkk oàutput ct 3>8>j6>' Uh` <?>p?5 fardct mcggat o` pkcyè'

_`ljag 0> Dae`

Ø 0<0j9 Autput eawgmagv`rtè HEV ar EV!EVMCD ct 0<0j'

Ø 0<0p9 Autput eawgmagv`rtè HEV ar EV!EVMCD ct 0<0p'

Ø 3>8>j0<0j9 Autput HEV ct 3>8>j0> ar EV!EVMCD ct 0<0j'

Cueja Autput―Y3!HE3> agky

Magsud`r `qujpd`gt us`s c ³3 vakt (3 Vrds* cueja sjlgck'^raf`ssjagck `qujpd`gt us`s c ³? vakt (? Vrds* cueja sjlgck'

Ø

Zau shauke s`t th` autput k`v`k ta 3 Vrds ugk`ss yau cr` magg`mtjglta c praf`ssjagck VU_'

Ockcgmè!Pgockcgmè9 ^raf`ssjagck VU_s ckwcys us` XK_magg`mtars sa yau dust `jth`r wjr` cg XK_ jgput pkul sa jt marr`mtkyf`ès th` ugockcgmè sjlgck frad th` mcdmare`r ta th` VU_ ar yaudust us` c trcgsfard`r ta magv`rt th` ugockcgmè sjlgck ta cockcgmè sjlgck' (Jf yau ea th` kctt`r+ th` trcgsfard`r shauke o` b`ptmkas` ta th` mcdmare`r'*

^ralr`ssjv` Autput

Uh` purpas` af 58>p!0<0p js ta f`è pralr`ssjv`ky smcggè ejspkcys'

\h`g pkcyjgl 3>8>j0> ar 3>8>j6>+ th` vjeà js e`$jgt`rkcmè cgeeawgmagv`rtè ta ]E'

\h`g pkcyjgl cgy af th` Mjg`Frcd` dae`s+ th` frcd`s cr` sjdpkyeawgmagv`rtè ta ]E'

\h`g yau s`k`mt th` pralr`ssjv` dae`+ ga vjeà js autput vjc j'KJGB+Madpasjt`+ ar ]$vjeà'

Eawgmagv`rt D`gu―Madpag`gt Autput

Uh` FX3+ Y3+ cge HE3> aff`r f`ctur`s us`fuk far vjeàlrcph`rs whag`è ta autput 59= vjeà frad HEV r`marejgls'

FX39 @gcok` eawgmagv`rsjag oy s`k`mtjgl th` Eawg Magv`rt aptjag+cge th`g mhaasjgl ]qu``z` ar K`tt`roax'

Jf yaur dagjtar js 59=+ th` K`tt`roax eawgmagv`rt aptjag shauke o`s`k`mtè'

Jf yaur dagjtar js 369:+ th` ]qu``z` (cgcdarphjm* eawgmagv`rt aptjagshauke o` s`k`mtè' \h`g r`marejgl ar pkcyjgl wje`smr``g cgcdarphjmEV ar EVMCD+ vjeà js autput wjth th` \je` Fkcl s`t'

Af maurs`+ th` eawgmagv`rtè madpag`gt autput mcg o` magg`mtè tacg GU]M ar ^CK VU_―ar ta cg èjtjgl syst`d'

Y3!HE3>9 \h`g yau `gcok` th` Eawg Magv`rt aptjag yau mcg mhaas`

th` @el` Mrap dae`s' Uhjs dae` pravje`s c 59= wjgeaw m`gt`rèwjthjg 369: vjeà' Uh` wjgeaw suppkj`s vjeà thct wjkk fjkk c 59= smr``g'

]hawg o`kaw cr` 369: ta ]qu``z` (cgcdarphjm*+ K`tt`roax+ cgeM`gt`r Mrap'

<?>p?5 cge <?>p=> fardcts mcggat o` eawgmagv`rtè

Ejljtjzjgl Cgckal Madpag`gt Vjeà

Cg CIC (www'cic'mad* Dae`k HE3>C―HE 3>$ojt Cgckal$ta$EjljtckMagv`rt`r mcg p`rfard c magv`rsjag frad cgckal madpag`gt ta HE$]EJ'

HE$]EJ (]DÛ@ ?:?D* js c t`mhgakaly af s`gejgl 59?9? ugmadpr`ssèejljtck vjeà cge+ aptjagckky+ ejljtck cueja+ cgmjkkcry cge d`tc$ectc ct`jth`r 3'580Lops (`'l'+ <?>'6>* ar 3'580!3'>>3Lops (`'l'+<?>'0:':5*'

]p`mjfjmckky+ c ]DÛ@ ?:?D ojtstr`cd madprjs`s twa jgt`rk`cvèstr`cds+ ag` magtcjgjgl 3>$ojt kudjgcgm` ( Z* scdpk`s+ th` ath`r 3>$ojt mhradjgcgm` (MoMr * scdpk`s'

Oath 3>8>j cge <?>p cr` ]uppartè

Dav` th` EJ^ swjtmh ta <?>p 6>Hz cge 3>8>j 0>Hz!6>Hz ar <?>p0:':5Hz cge 3>8>j 0:':5Hz e`p`gejgl ag th` sjlgck yau cr` jgputtjgl'

@xt`rgck sygm js gat r`qujrè

Uh` HE3>C cmm`pts HE Zô^r cgckal cge autputs thr`` eupkjmct` HE$]EJ sjlgcks'

Uh` 3>8>j sjlgck mcg o` jgput ta cg HEMCD ar EVM^_A HE VU_ cs cgHE ugmadpr`ssè sjlgck'

Uh` HE$]EJ sjlgck mcg cksa o` jgput jgta cg GK@ usjgl c Okcmbdcljm

E`mbKjgb ^ra ar cg CIC Bagc HE ? oacre cs cg HE ugmadpr`ssèsjlgck' Fjlur` 8'5 shaws cg CIC HE3>C Cgckal HE ta HE$]EJmagv`rt`r'

Fjlur` 8'59 CIC HE3>C Cgckal HE ta HE$]EJ Magv`rt`r

Ejljtjzjgl Cgckal Cueja

]a fcr+ w` hcv` gat tckbè coaut haw HEV cueja wjkk o` ejljtjzè―cgehaw th` mcdmare`rs wjkk o` magtrakkè'

Cgckal Cueja wjth Ga Magtrak

Magg`mt c st`rà 3!8$jgmh djgj$pkul mcok` o`tw``g th` mcdmare`r`crphag` icmb cge yaur madput`r‚s cgckal st`rà jgput'

Gaw eupkjmct`+ cge th`g èjt+ th` jgput mcre‚s Mcptur` U`dpkct`s thctyau wcgt ta us`' ]`t SujmbUjd` Cueja ]`ttjgl ta Oujkt$jg Cueja cge thÈ`vjm` ta Kjg` Jg'

Zau dust cksa s`t E`vjm` Magtrak ta Gag$Magtrakkcok` E`vjm` wjthjg th`Mcptur` U`dpkct`'

Cgckal Cueja wjth j'KJGB Magtrak

Magfjrd th` HEV”7EV aptjag js AFF' Magg`mt th` mcdmare`r ta yaurmadput`r‚s j'KJGB part' \hjk` w` cr` gat lajgl ta us` th` HEV vjeà+w` cr` lajgl ta us` th` j'KJGB pcth ta pravje` trcgspart magtrak' Zaudust cksa s`t E`vjm` Magtrak ta Magtrakkcok` E`vjm` wjthjg th` McpturÙ`dpkct`'

Magg`mt c st`rà 3!8$jgmh djgj$pkul mcok` o`tw``g th` mcdmare`r`crphag` icmb cge yaur madput`r‚s cgckal st`rà jgput'

Gaw eupkjmct`+ cge th`g èjt+ th` jgput mcre‚s Mcptur` U`dpkct`s thct

yau wcgt ta us`' ]`t SujmbUjd` Cueja ]`ttjgl ta Oujkt$jg Cueja cge thÈ`vjm` ta Kjg` Jg'

j'KJGB Autput

Uh` mcdmare`rs cge e`mb hcv` cg j'KJGB part thct mcg autput `jth`rD^@L$? (frad HEV* ar EV (FX3* cs w`kk cs EV ar EVMCD (Y3 cgeHE3>*'

Gat`9 Uh` <?>p?5 cge <?>p=> fardcts mcggat o` autput vjc th`j'KJGB part'

FX39 \h`g pkcyjgl EV ar EVMCD vjeàtcp`s+ th` j'KJGB part‚s autputwjkk f`è EV wjth ugkambè cueja'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3<< 0!3>!3=

Y3!HE3>9 \h`g pkcyjgl EV ar EVMCD vjeàtcp`s+ th` j'KJGB part‚sautput mcg f`è EV (wjth ar wjthaut kambè cueja* ar EVMCD (wjthkambè cueja*'

GU]M ar ^CK autput frad th` j'KJGB part mcg o` r`mareè oy c

EV!EVMCD mcd`rc ar e`mb' Uh` EV!EVMCD j'KJGB autput mcg o` jgputta c EV GK@ syst`d'

\h`g pkcyjgl wje`smr``g cgcdarphjm EV ar EVMCD vjeàtcp`s+ th`vjeà js autput vjc j'KJGB wjth th` \je` Fkcl s`t'

\h`g pkcyjgl HEV+ `jth`r 3>8>j0> ar 3>8>j6> vjeà wjkk o` autput wjthugkambè cueja' Uh` \je` Fkcl wjkk gat o` s`t'

Djrcgec dcrb`ts cg j'KJGB ta HE$]EJ magv`rt`r thct mcg magv`rt 3>8>jta HE$]EJ thct mcg o` jgput ta cg HEMCD ar EVM^_A HE VU_ csugmadpr`ssè vjeà' Uh` ugmadpr`ssè HE$]EJ sjlgck mcg cksa o`jgput jgta cg GK@ usjgl c Okcmbdcljm E`mbKjgb ^ra ar CIC Bagc HE ?oacre'

Fjlur` 8'09 Djrcgec HEV ta HE$]EJ Urcgsmae`r

Djrcgec HE$Orjel` E@M9 HEV ta HE$]EJ trcgsmae`r `gcok`sHEV mcd`rcs ta ap`rct` wjth HE$]EJ èjtjgl syst`ds cge HE$]EJjgfrcstrumtur`s'

Uh` e`vjm` magv`rts HEV j'KJGB ta HE$]EJ cge HE$]EJ ta HEV

j'KJGB' Jt wjkk cksa trcgsmae` 3>8>j ta!frad <?>p'





j'KJGB MAGV9 HEV ”7 EV

\h`g pkcyjgl HEV yau hcv` c mhajm` af eawgmagv`rtjgl HEV ta EV'Ps` th` d`gu syst`d ta s`k`mt th` HEV ”7 EV cge s`t jt Ag'

Cueja Kamb Dae` (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV*

Y3!HE3>9 Kamb dae` ar Pgkamb dae` mcg o` s`k`mtè far th` cuejaj'KJGB autput dae` wh`g HEV js o`jgl eawg$magv`rtè' Jf yau wcgtth` EV autput ta o` madpctjok` wjth EVMCD `qujpd`gt+ o` sur` ta`gcok` Kambè cueja'

Eawgmagv`rt Aptjags―j'KJGB Autput

Uh` FX3+ Y3+ cge HE3> aff`r th` cojkjty ta autput+ vjc j'KJGB+ EV vjeàfrad HEV r`marejgls'

FX39 `gcok` Eawg Magv`rt frad th` d`gu syst`d+ cge th`g mhaas`]qu``z` ar K`tt`roax'

Jf th` dagjtar js 59=+ th` /K`tt`roax Eawgmagv`rt/ aptjag shauke o`s`k`mtè' Jf yau Eawgmagv`rt ta K`tt`roax+ th` \je` Fkcl js gat s`t'

Jf th` dagjtar js 369:+ th` ]qu``z` (cgcdarphjm* Eawg Magv`rt aptjagshauke o` s`k`mtè' Jf yau s`k`mt Eawgmagv`rt ta \je`smr``g(cgcdarphjm*+ th` \je` Fkcl wjkk o` s`t'

Af maurs`+ th` eawgmagv`rtè EV!EVMCD autput mcg o` magg`mtè tacg GU]M ar ^CK EV!EVMCD VU_―ar ta cg èjtjgl syst`d'

Zau mcg us` r`sjz` cge mrap fugmtjags jg yaur GK@ ta aotcjg c ‛m`gt`rmrappè— 59= jdcl` frad cgcdarphjm (squ``zè* vjeà'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3<: 0!3>!3=

Y3!HE3>9 yau mcg mhaas` th` @el` Mrap dae` wh`g s`k`mt th` EawgMagv`rt aptjag' Uhjs dae` pravje`s c 59= wjgeaw m`gt`rè wjthjg 369:vjeà' Uh` wjgeaw suppkj`s vjeà thct wjkk fjkk c 59= smr``g'

]hawg o`kaw cr` 369: ta ]qu``z` (cgcdarphjm*+ K`tt`roax+ cge

M`gt`r Mrap'

j'KJGB Jgput

Uh` mcdmare`rs cge e`mb hcv` cg j'KJGB part thct mcg jgput D^@L$?(HEV* ar EV (FX3* cs w`kk cs EV ar EVMCD (Y3 cge HE3>*'

\h`g r`marejgl wje`smr``g (cgcdarphjm* EV ar EVMCD thct hcs th`\je` Fkcl s`t+ th` vjeà js r`mareè wjth th` \je` Fkcl s`t'

Zau dust us` th` d`gu syst`d ta s`k`mt _`ljag 0> ar _`ljag 6>' Zaumcggat magv`rt _`ljag 0> ta ar frad _`ljag 6> vjeà'

Zau mcggat upmagv`rt ]E vjeà ta HE vjeà' Uh` j'KJGB part mcggat

jgput `jth`r <?>p?5 ar <?>p=> HEV!^raHE'

Madpasjt` cge ]$vjeà Autput

Far th` mcdmare`rs cge th` HE3> e`mb+ oath Madpasjt` cge ]$vjeàmagg`mtars autput agky GU]M ar ^CK vjeà jg c 59= csp`mt$rctja'

Agky 58>j ar 0<6j mcg o` autput vjc th`s` magg`mtars' Uh`r`far`+ gaautput wjkk o` cvcjkcok` jf 58>p ar 0<0p dae` js s`k`mtè'

\je`smr``g EV!EVMCD ^kcyocmb (gat cppkjmcok` far HEV*

\h`g r`marejgl ar pkcyjgl wje`smr``g cgcdarphjm EV ar EVMCD+vjeà js autput wjth th` \je` Fkcl s`t'





^kcyjgl HEV

FX39 s`k`mt Eawg Magv`rt aptjag frad th` d`gu syst`d+ cge th`gmhaas` ]qu``z` ar K`tt`roax'

Jf yaur dagjtar js 59=+ th` K`tt`roax aptjag shauke o` s`k`mtè' Jf yaueawgmagv`rt ta K`tt`roax+ th` \je` Fkcl js gat s`t'

Jf yaur dagjtar js 369:+ th` ]qu``z` (cgcdarphjm* aptjag shauke o`

s`k`mtè' Jf yau s`k`mt Eawg Magv`rt ta \je`smr``g (cgcdarphjm*+ th`\je` Fkcl wjkk o` s`t'

Af maurs`+ th` eawgmagv`rtè EV!EVMCD autput mcg o` magg`mtè tac EV!EVMCD VU_―ar ta cg èjtjgl syst`d'

Y3!HE3>9 yau mcg mhaas` th` @el` Mrap dae` wh`g yau s`k`mt thÈawg Magv`rt aptjag' Uhjs aptjag pravje`s c 59= wjgeaw m`gt`rèwjthjg 369: vjeà' Uh` wjgeaw suppkj`s vjeà thct wjkk fjkk c 59= smr``g'

]hawg o`kaw cr` 369: ta ]qu``z` (cgcdarphjm*+ K`tt`roax+ cge

M`gt`r Mrap'

_`marejgl ta GU]M!^CK E`vjm`s

Zau mcg us` th` K`tt`roax Eawgmagv`rt dae` ta dcb` c euo af cgHEV tcp` ta cg cgckal VU_ ar EVE r`mare`r'

Ujd`mae` \jgeaw Euo9 Psjgl th` d`gu+ s`t th` EJ]^ APU^PU

ta V$^CG@K!^CG@K'

Madpasjt` cge ]$vjeà Jgput

Uh` HV_$HE3> mcg r`mare GU]M ar ^CK EV!EVMCD vjc th` Madpasjtàr ]$vjeà magg`mtjags' Zau dust us` th` d`gu syst`d ta s`k`mt

_`ljag 0> ar _`ljag 6>'

\h`g r`marejgl wje`smr``g (cgcdarphjm* EV ar EVMCD thct hcs th`\je` Fkcl s`t+ th` vjeà wjkk o` r`mareè wjth th` \je` Fkcl s`t'

Jt js gat passjok` ta r`mare HE usjgl th`s` cgckalmagg`mtars'

Jt gat passjok` ta vj`w `jth`r <?>p?5 ar <?>p=> HEV vjeà

Mhcpt`r :9 HE @ejtjgl \arbfkaws

Mhcpt`r : mav`rs HEV èjtjgl warbfkaws' @cmh warbfkaw pravje`s c

sakutjag ta th` praok`ds mr`ctè oy th` jgarejgct` madputctjagck paw`r r`qujrè ta warb wjth HE D^@L$?'

Jt hcs o``g dy `xp`rj`gm` thct e`spjt` th` hul` cdaugt af dcrb`tjgl

`ffart `xp`geè `cmh y`cr2 dast èjtars ea gat swjtmh GK@s sjdpk`

o`mcus` af sad` g`ct g`w f`ctur`' Uh` k`cgjgl murv` af taecy‚s v`ry madpk`x―p`rhcps av`rky madpk`x―GK@ cppkjmctjags ea gat ckkaw

fr`qu`gt cppkjmctjag swjtmh`s' Uh`r`far`+ thjs Mhcpt`r ea`s gat mav`r

ta cgy lr`ct `xt`gt jgejvjeuck cppkjmctjags' (C pajgtk`ss `ffart cgy wcy o`mcus` th`s` cppkjmctjags cr` magtjluausky `ghcgmè'* _cth`r+ th`t`mhgakaly af èjtjgl warbfkaws wjkk o` mav`rè jg thjs Mhcpt`r'

Uhct d`cgs thct `v`g jf yau cr` v`ry `xp`rj`gmè usjgl yaur GK@+ yau

r`ckky dust r`ce th` kct`st v`rsjag af jts eamud`gtctjag ta k`crg coaut

th` g`w HE cge duktj$mhcgg`k cueja mcpcojkjtj`s'

Uh` HEV fardct hcs twa @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cds wjth c tatck ectcocgewjeth js 3:Dops far <?>p cge ?0Dops far 3>8>j' Uh` vjeà jspkcmè jgta c Vjeà @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd' C mcdmare`r‚s 58bHz+ 36$ojt+cueja js `gmaeè cs D^@L$3+ Kcy`r ? jgta cg Cueja @k`d`gtcry]tr`cd' Uh` Vjeà @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd cge th` Cueja @k`d`gtcry]tr`cd cr` th`g wav`g jgta c sjglk` str`cd' Far <?>p+ th` sjglk`

str`cd js c Urcgspart ]tr`cd whjk` far 3>8>j th` sjglk` str`cd js c^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd (^@]*' Oath typ`s af str`cds cr` th`gr`mareè ta EV tcp`'

\h`g th` tcp` js pkcyè ocmb+ th` <?>p ectc js autput vjc j'KJGB cs cUrcgspart ]tr`cd' Uh` 3>8>j ^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd jsmagv`rtè ta c Urcgspart ]tr`cd cge js autput vjc j'KJGB' \h`g `jth`rjs mcpturè th` str`cd shauke hcv` cg 'd?t fjk` `xt`gsjag+ out jt dcyhcv` cg 'dpl `xt`gsjag' C Urcgspart ]tr`cd mcggat o` pram`ssè oyth` saftwcr` cge hcrewcr` thct pram`ss ^ralrcd ]tr`cd―th` typ` af str`cd usè wjth GU]M cge ^CK EVEs' Uhjs js th` mrux af th` ejffjmuktyjg pkcyjgl+ èjtjgl+ cge l`g`rctjgl HEV'





Mcpturjgl Magm`pts

Uh`r` cr` fjv` typ`s af mcptur` thct mcg o` jdpk`d`gtè oy cg GK@syst`d9 Jddèjct` Mcptur`+ ]m`g` E`t`mt Mcptur`+ Jddèjct`Dcrbè Mcptur`+ Octmh Mcptur`+ cge Octmh _`mcptur`' Uh` kctt`r thr``

r`qujr` th` EV tcp` ta hcv` Ujd`mae` far th` HEV vjeà'

Jddèjct` Mcptur`

Jg thjs dae`+ yau stcrt c tcp` pkcyjgl jg c mcdmare`r ar e`mb' Jg sad`mcs`s+ yau dust cmtuckky pr`ss ^KCZ ag th` `qujpd`gt' Jg ath`r mcs`s+th` saftwcr` wjkk pr`s`gt yau wjth c ^kcy outtag' Je`ckky+ th` saftwcr`wjkk pravje` yau wjth fukk VU_ magtrak'

]m`g` E`t`mt Mcptur`

Uhjs typ` af mcptur` js cg cevcgmè fard af Jddèjct` Mcptur`' Cs th`tcp` pkcys+ `cmh shat js mcpturè jgta c ugjqu` mkjp thct js starè jg cOjg'

Jddèjct` Dcrbè Mcptur`

Jg thjs dae`+ yau kamct` c shat cge th`g Dcrb jts Jg$pajgt cge Aut$pajgt' Gaw yau pr`ss th` ‛Mcptur`— outtag ta mcptur` th` mkjp'

Octmh Mcptur`

Jg thjs dae`+ yau kamct` `cmh shat cge th`g Dcrb jts Jg$pajgt cge Aut$

pajgt' Gaw yau pr`ss c ‛Kal— outtag cge th` mkjp‚s stcrtjgl cge `gejgltjd`mae` js starè cs cg @dpty mkjp' \h`g ckk mkjps hcv` o``g kallè+c mkjmb af th` ‛Mcptur`— outtag mcus`s ckk `dpty (ga dèjc* mkjps ta o`mcpturè' Zau mcg s`t ‛Hcgek`— tjd`s sa thct cutadctjmckky cg `xtrcf`w s`mages js mcpturè ct th` o`ljggjgl cge `ge af c mkjp' \jth HEV+jt dcy o` g`m`sscry ta s`t up ta c 0$s`mage hcgek` ct th` o`ljggjgl af `cmh mkjp'

Octmh _`mcptur`

Uhjs typ` af mcptur` js cg cevcgmè fard af Octmh Mcptur`' Haw`v`r+

th` mkjps mcpturè dcy mad` frad twa saurm`s' Fjrst+ jf dèjc js kast―yau mcg r`mcptur` frad th` mkjps jg c Ojg' Uhjs js c hul` scf`ty f`ctur`'

Uh` ath`r saurm` js th` trjddè mkjps jg c Ujd`kjg`' Uh` Ujd`mae` af `v`ry mkjp usè jg c praeumtjag js r`mcpturè' \hy wauke yau wcgt taea thjs1 O`mcus` th` pram`ss `gcok`s ‛^raxy— èjtjgl' H`r` th` fjrstmcptur` js af kaw`r (ercft* quckjty vjeà―p`rhcps EV+ EVM^_A HE+ ar

^hataI^@L' Uh` cevcgtcl` js thct th` ercft faatcl` r`qujr`ssjlgjfjmcgtky k`ss starcl`' Ag` èjts th` praeumtjag usjgl thjs dct`rjck'

\h`g th` èjt js madpk`t`+ th` cmtuckky usè dct`rjck js r`mcpturè cthjlh quckjty' ]p`mjfjmckky+ HEV js mcpturè cs Gctjv` HEV+ ejljtck

jgt`rdèjct`+ ar ugmadpr`ssè' Uh` octmh$r`mcptur` dcy `v`g oèag` ag c ejff`r`gt+ dar` paw`rfuk syst`d'

\jgeaws X^ Mcptur` Ag th` ^M+ th`r` cr` duktjpk` wcys ta jgput cge autput D^@L$? ectcvjc j'KJGB' @cmh GK@ pcmbcl` hcs c pravjsjag far th` mcptur` af HEV'Daràv`r+ `cmh mcptur` aptjag―ljv`g th` murr`gt v`rsjag af th`saftwcr`―dcy aff`r ag` ar dar` af th`s` mcptur` aptjags9 Jddèjct`Mcptur`+ ]m`g` E`t`mt Mcptur`+ Jddèjct` Dcrbè Mcptur`+ Octmh

Mcptur`+ cge Octmh _`mcptur`'

]ad` ^M saftwcr` cksa supparts hcrewcr` mcres thct jdpart HE$]EJ']umh mcres jgmkue` th` Okcmbdcljm E`mbKjgB HE ^ra'

A] X Mcptur`

Ps`rs wha warb wjth jDavj` HE cge Fjgck Mut @xpr`ss (FM@* HE+ FjgckMut ^ra HE hcv` c oujkt$jg mcptur` mcpcojkjty' Oath jgmkue` c fugmtjag

thct wjkk mcptur` <?>p cge 3>8>j HEV cge th`g cutadctjmckky ejvje`th` vjeà jgta mkjps' Haw`v`r+ ugk`ss yau hcv` c euck ?'>LHz L0+jDavj` HE cge Fjgck Mut @xpr`ss+ mcptur` wjkk gat o` r`cktjd`' Far`xcdpk`+ wjth c 3'?0LHz jDcm+ ag` haur af 3>8>j r`qujr`s 8 haurs tamcptur`'

Fjgck Mut ^ra 0‚s mcptur` fugmtjag supparts j'KJGB$ocsè Jddèjct`Mcptur`+ ]m`g` E`t`mt Mcptur`+ Jddèjct` Dcrbè Mcptur`+ OctmhMcptur`+ cge Octmh _`mcptur`' Mcptur` js ta c Gctjv` HEV mae`m' FM^0 cksa supparts hcrewcr` mcres thct jdpart HE$]EJ' ]umh mcresjgmkue` th` Okcmbdcljm E`mbKjgB HE cge CIC Bagc ?' FM^ 0 cksa

mcptur`s ta cgy SujmbUjd` mae`m jgmkuejgl9 Cppk` Pgmadpr`ssè 8$ojt+Cppk` Pgmadpr`ssè 3>$ojt+ Okcmbdcljm 8$ojt cge 3>$ojt+ cs w`kk csEVM^_A HE'

Cvje Xpr`ss ^ra HE mcptur`s ta cg Cvje Gctjv` HEV mae`m usjgl c ^Mar Dcm‚s j'KJGB part'

Jdpartjgl HEV jgta cg GK@

Ua èjt HEV dct`rjck+ c trcgspart str`cd dust o` ‛e`duxè— (spkjt*jgta cueja cge vjeà @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cds' Uhjs fugmtjag js oujkt jgta th`GK@'

Uh` us` af Fjr`\jr`+ pkus th` fcmt DjgjEV tcp` js usè+ dcb`s jt `csyfar fakbs ta thjgb af HEV cs sjdpky Hjlh E`fjgjtjag EV' Uh`r` cr`+haw`v`r+ sjlgjfjmcgt ejff`r`gm`s thct dcb` HEV èjtjgl v`ry ejff`r`gtfrad EV èjtjgl' Ckthaulh th`s` ejff`r`gm`s wjkk o` sdaathè av`r oymadjgl l`g`rctjags af saftwcr`+ th`y wjkk gat ejscpp`cr' Uh`r` cr`thr`` mrumjck ejff`r`gm`s' Fjrst+ HEV us`s jgt`r$frcd` madpr`ssjagwhjk` EV ea`s gat' ]`mage+ HEV cueja js D^@L$?+ gat ^MD' Cge thjre+th` gudo`r af pjx`ks js `jth`r ?'<X (3?8>x<?>* ar 5'0X (355>x3>8>*th` gudo`r af pjx`ks `dpkayè oy EV'

H V Maugt Duktjpkj`r

58>j <?> 58> =50+6>>

<?>p 3?8> <?> :?3+6>> ?'<

3>8>j 355> 3>8> 3+000+?>> 5'0

Ckk th`s` ejff`r`gm`s k`ce ta th` g`è far c hul` cdaugt af madputctjag ta cmmadpkjsh èjtjgl' Uhjs g`è mcg o` sctjsfjè jgs`v`rck wcys' Ag` ckt`rgctjv` or`cbs th` tcsb jgta k`ss madputctjagckky

jgt`gsjv` st`ps+ whjmh js th` cppracmh usè oy th` Ercft+ ^raxy+ cgeEjljtck Jgt`rdèjct` sakutjags'

Uh` faurth ckt`rgctjv`+ èjtjgl Gctjv` HEV+ p`rfards ckk th`madputctjags whjk` yau cr` warbjgl wjth th` Ujd`kjg`' Cs yau djlht`xp`mt+ ta aotcjg laae Ujd`kjg` p`rfardcgm`+ c v`ry paw`rfukmadput`r js r`qujrè'

Madputjgl âw`r G`m`sscry far @ejtjgl HEV

Uh` jgmr`csè madputctjagck kace js r`qujrè ct twa pajgts jg th`èjtjgl pram`ss'

3' \h`g`v`r ‛gctjv`— HEV js vj`wè ar pram`ssè oy sp`mjck `ff`mts―th` D^@L$? ectc str`cd dust o` e`maeè' Jg th` mcs` af duktj$str`cd `ff`mts+ ckk str`cds dust o` e`maeè'

?' C fcr dar` sjlgjfjmcgt+ pram`ssjgl kace js r`qujrè wh`g`v`r HEdust o` `gmaeè usjgl cg jgt`r$frcd` mae`m' Aovjausky+ ag` sumhmae`m js HEV (ar XEMCD HE*+ out th`r` cr` ath`rs' Jg dy`xp`rj`gm`+ Djmrasaft‚s VM$3 mae`m e`kjv`rs th` hjlh`st quckjty ctth` kaw`st ojt$rct`' Ckthaulh straglky suppartè oy Cppk`+ CVM hcs

gat y`t o`mad` cs papukcr' G`v`rth`k`ss+ jt hcs jg maddag wjthVM$3+ th` r`qujr`d`gt far cg `gardaus gudo`r mrugmhjglmcpcojkjty eurjgl `gmaejgl'

Jg ceejtjag+ cs dcgy af us bgaw+ `xpartjgl c tjd`kjg` ta HEV mcgr`qujr` c pcjgfukky kagl `gmae` tjd`' \jth Oku$rcy ourg`rs ckr`ceyag th` dcrb`t―th` gaw g`cr r`cktjd` pram`ss af mr`ctjgl cg GU]MEVE―wjkk o` r`pkcmè oy cg av`rgjlht `gmae` iao'

E`sbtap ^ram`ssars

@ejtjgl 3>8>j HEV ag e`sbtap pr`s`gts f`w praok`ds o`mcus` th`jrsjz` dcb`s jt sjdpky c dctt`r af mast ta aotcjg th` hcrewcr` r`qujrèfar hjlh p`rfardcgm`' \jth c kcptap+ haw`v`r+ jt‚s o``g dar` ejffjmuktta aotcjg th` p`rfardcgm` g`èè' Jgt`k hcs faur Mar` ? pram`ssarsthct cr` usè jg e`sbtap ^Ms cge Dcm ^ras9 th` 3'86LHz ta ?'66LHzMar` ? Eua (mae`gcdè Magra`*2 th` ?'>>LHz ta ='>>LHz Xàg Eua(mae`gcdè \aaemr`st*2 th` ?'66LHz Mar` ? Sucera (mae`gcdèB`gtsfj`ke*2 cge th` ?'==LHz cge ?'66LHz Xàg Sucera (mae`gcdèMkav`rtawg*' Ckk pram`ssars cr` oujkt wjth c 60gd pram`ss'

Mar` ? Eua (Magra`*

Uh` 3'86LHz+ ?'3=LHz+ ?'5>LHz+ cge ?'66LHz Mar` ? Eua (Magra`*hcs c ?DO ar 5DO K? mcmh` cge ap`rct` ag c 3>66DHz Fragt ]je` Ous(F]O* wjth c ocgewjeth af 8'0LO!s' Ckthaulh EE_?$0== _CD hcs cocgewjeth af 8'0LO!s+ jt dcy jgtraeum` ‛wcjt— stct`s+ sa EE_?$66<_CD (^M?$0=>>!05>>* shauke je`ckky o` jgstckkè' Uh` Mar` ? Eua us`scg Jgt`k Oracewct`r pkctfard :60 ar Oce Cx` pkctfard :<0 mhjps`t'(Cppk`‚s Dcm jDcm `dpkays ruggjgl ct 3'8=LHz+ ?'>>LHz+ ar c?'36LHz Mar` ? Eua pram`ssar'*

Xàg 03>>$s`rj`s Eua (\aaemr`st*

Uh` ?'>>LHz+ ?'==LHz+ ?'66LHz+ cge ='>>LHz Xàg 03>>$s`rj`s Eua(\aaemr`st* hcs cg 5DO K? mcmh` cge ap`rct` ag c 3===DHz F]O wjthc ocgewjeth af 8'0LO!s' EE_?$66< _CD (^M?$0=>>!05>>* shauke oùsè' Uh` Xàg Eua us`s cg Jgt`k Okcmbfare pkctfard (0>>>$s`rj`smhjps`t* mhjps`t' (Cppk`‚s Dcm ^ra `dpkays twa ?'>>LHz+ ?'66LHz+='>>LHz Xàg 03>>$s`rj`s pram`ssars'*

Mar` ? Sucera (B`gtsfj`ke*

Jgt`k‚s ?'66LHz Mar` ? Sucera pcmbs twa Magra` ej`s wjth 8DO K?mcmh`' Uh` faur mar`s cr` pcmbè jgsje` c sjglk` pcmbcl` cge ap`rctàg c 3===DHz F]O wjth c ocgewjeth af 3>'68LO!s' Uh` ===DHz mkamb$sp`è r`qujr`s EE_?$66< _CD (^M?$0=>>!05>>* _CD' Uh` Mar` ?

Sucera us`s cg Jgt`k Oracewct`r pkctfard :60 ar Oce Cx` pkctfard:<0 mhjps`t' _`parts mkcjd H'?65 cge \DV$HE `gmaejgl p`rfardcgm`jgmr`csè up ta 8>$p`rm`gt wh`g c ?'66LHz Mar` ? Sucera jsmadpcrè ta th` ?'66LHz Mar` ? Eua'

Xàg 0=>>$s`rj`s Sucera (Mkav`rtawg*

Uh` ?'==LHz cge ?'66LHz Xàg 0=>>$s`rj`s Sucera /Mkav`rtawg/pcmbs twa \aaemr`st ej`s wjth 8DO K? mcmh`' Uh` faur mar`s cr`pcmbè jgsje` c sjglk` pcmbcl` cge ap`rct` ag c 3===DHz F]O wjth cocgewjeth af 3>'68LO!s' Uh` ===DHz mkamb$sp`è r`qujr`s EE_?$66<

_CD (^M?$0=>>!05>>* _CD' Uh` Xàg Sucera us`s cg Jgt`k Okcmbfarepkctfard (0>>>$s`rj`s mhjps`t* mhjps`t' (Uh` Mkav`rtawg js erap$jgmadpctjok` wjth Cppk`,s `xjstjgl Dcm ^ra o`mcus` th`y cr` `qujppèwjth EE_?$66< _CD'*

Kcptap ^ram`ssars

Far th` kcst hckf$e`mce`+ EV cge EVM^_A (?0$+ 0>$+ 3>>$Dops* hcso``g rautjg`ky èjtè ag kcptaps' \jth th` ercdctjm jgmr`cs` jg th` usàf D^@L$? ocsè HE+ èjtars cr` kaabjgl far kcptaps thct pravje` th`

p`rfardcgm` g`m`sscry far gag$kjg`cr èjtjgl' Uh` 3>8>j v`rsjagkjt`rckky hcs th` scd` ectc rct` cs EV' Uh`r`far`+ starcl`r`qujr`d`gts cge ejsb ocgewjeth cr` je`gtjmck ta EV+ EVMCD+ cgeEVM^_A' O`mcus` af th` gctur` af kagl LA^ D^@L$? dèjc+ th`r`qujr`d`gt far pram`ssjgl paw`r js sjlgjfjmcgtky lr`ct`r thcg thctr`qujrè oy jgtrc$frcd` mae`ms―ga dctt`r th`jr ojt$rct`'

Jgt`k Mar` Eua (Zagch*

Davjgl th` `gtjr` HE praeumtjag pram`ss ta c kcptap wjkk r`qujr`sjlgjfjmcgtky dar` paw`rfuk kcptaps' Ckdast c y`cr cla+ Jgt`k mcdòcmb ta kjf` wjth c v`ry paw`rfuk mhjp mae`gcdè Zagch' Zagch hcs303 djkkjag trcgsjstars+ c ?DO K? mcmh`+ cge f`ctur`s twa M^Ps ag ag`

mhjp (euck$mar`s*' Ckk Zagch‚s cr` =?$ojt pram`ssars' Uh` dcrb`tjglgcd` far thjs t`mhgakaly wcs mckkè+ cppraprjct`ky+ ‛Mar` Eua'— Cppk`dce` jts dav` ta Jgt`k$ocsè pram`ssjgl usjgl Eua' Jgt`k,s Eua js c60gd pcrt thct aff`rs aptjdjzè p`rfardcgm` p`r mkamb mymk`+ whjkèrcwjgl ga dar` paw`r thcg c ^`gtjud D'

Jgt`k Mar` ? Eua (D`rad*

Kcptap dcgufcmtur`s qujt` qujmbky uplrceè ta th` s`mage l`g`rctjagEua+ mckkè oath kaljmckky cge magfusjglky+ Mar` ? Eua' Uhjs pram`ssar+whjmh hcs ?:3 djkkjag trcgsjstars+ js cksa oujkt usjgl c 60gd pram`ss'

Mae`gcdè D`rad+ jt cksa hcs c 3>66DHz F]O wjth c ocgewjeth af 8'0LO!s' Ckthaulh EE_?$0== _CD hcs c ocgewjeth af 8'0LO!s+ jt dcyjgtraeum` ‛wcjt— stct`s+ sa EE_?$66< _CD (^M?$0=>>!05>>* shaukeje`ckky o` jgstckkè'

@xm`pt far th` `gtry$k`v`k v`rsjags+ ckk dae`ks hcv` c 5DO K? mcmh`'Cge ckk suppart Jgt`k,s 65$ojt jgstrumtjag s`t (@D65U* pkus ]]@=' @D65suppart `gcok`s A] X ta r`turg ta 65$ojt ap`rctjag'

Jgt`k r`k`csè twa s``djglky je`gtjmck pram`ssars jg c kjttk` av`r 6$dagths o`mcus` Jgt`k‚s lack js ta e`sjlg pram`ssars th` mcg pram`ss

th` dcxjdud passjok` gudo`r af jgstrumtjags p`r mkamb mymk` cge th`djgjdud jg `g`rly magsudè p`r jgstrumtjag' Uhjs r`qujrè fjv`crmhjt`mturck cevcgm`s ta th` wcy c pram`ssar hcgek`s jgstrumtjags cgeectc9 \je` Eygcdjm @x`mutjag+ Cevcgmè Ejljtck Dèjc Oaast+Cevcgmè ]dcrt Mcmh`+ ]dcrt D`dary Cmm`ss cge Jgt`kkjl`gt âw`rMcpcojkjty'

\je` Eygcdjm @x`mutjag `gcok`s c pram`ssar ta `x`mut` faur pcrckk`kpram`ss`s sjduktcgàusky' Cevcgmè ]dcrt Mcmh` sjdpky d`cgs thctoath mar`s mcg cmm`ss th` hul` 5DO K? mcmh` wh`r` ectc―thct crò`jgl usè js starè' @cmh mar` mcg aotcjg+ ar `xmhcgl`+ ectc wjthaut

hcvjgl ta cmm`ss th` Fragt ]je` Ous ar _CD'

\h`g jgstrumtjags ar ectc dust o` kaceè frad+ ar starè ta+ _CD―]dcrt D`dary Cmm`ss' C Mar` pram`ssar hcs `jlht ‛pr`f`tmh`r— ugjts9twa ectc cge ag` jgstrumtjag pr`f`tmh`r p`r mar` pkus twa pr`f`tmh`rscs pcrt af th` shcrè K? mcmh`' C pr`f`tmh`r aotcjgs ectc thct djlht o`g`èè usjgl sp`mukctjv` cklarjthds'

Jgt`kkjl`gt âw`r Mcpcojkjty turgs$aff ugusè pram`ssjgl ugjts cge`v`g sjglk` trcgsjstars' Cksa b`y ta scvjgl paw`r js Jgt`k‚s @ghcgmè]p`è]t`p thct rèum`s th` mkamb$sp`è wh`g th` syst`d js jek` aruge`r c kaw kace'

Af dast jdpartcgm` ta vjeà praeumtjag+ Cevcgmè Ejljtck Dèjc Oaastsupparts `gmaejgl+ trcgsmaejgl+ cge madpr`ssjag' Uh`s` fugmtjags ckkus` v`mtars―c s`rj`s af vcku`s thct cr` daejfjè oy th` scd` ]@@ap`rctjag' Jgt`k hcs `xt`geè ]]@ jgstrumtjag ectc$wjeth ta 3?8$ojts'

Uh`r` cr` thr`` hjlh$paw`r v`rsjags9 U<?>> (?LHz*+ U<5>>(?'36LHz*+ cge U<6>> (?'==LHz*' Uh` Mar` ? Eua‚s mkamb (F]O* sp`èjs 0==DHz ar 66<DHz' Mar` ? pram`ssars cr` cok` ta shuteawg pcrts af c pram`ssar wh`g th`y ea gat g`è ta o` cmtjv`' Cmmarejgl ta Jgt`k+Mar` ? Eua aff`rs c lr`ct`r thcg ?> p`rm`gt p`rfardcgm` jgmr`cs`wh`g far pram`ssar$jgt`gsjv` tcsbs madpcrè ta pr`vjaus$l`g`rctjag

kcptaps wjth Mar` Eua pram`ssars'

Af maurs`+ M^Ps ckag` ea gat dcb` c madput`r' @v`ry kcptap js oujktcrauge c mhjps`t thct ‛lku`s— th` pram`ssar madpag`gts tal`th`r' Jgt`kaff`rs th` :50LD cge :50^D (pcrt af th` murr`gt Gcpc pkctfard* cgeth` ^:60LD cge :60^D ‛Garthorjel`— mhjp' (Uh` :50LD cge :60LDjgmkue` th` Jgt`k L^C'*

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3:> 0!3>!3=

Uh` g`w`r :60LD (pcrt af th` ]cgtc _asc pkctfard aff`rs th` cojkjty tarug EE_? _CD ct 8>>DHz (far th` ?'5LHz U<<>> Mar` ? Eua thct wjkkhcv` cg 8>>DHz F]O*+ suppart far ?LO d`dary mhjps (ckkawjgl 5LOusjgl ? ]A$EJDDs*+ Ejr`mtX 3> madpctjok` lrcphjms+ cge up ta c 0>$p`rm`gt jgmr`cs` jg vjeà p`rfardcgm` av`r th` :50'

]uppart far 5LO af _CD wjthjg c kcptap js lajgl ta r`dav` ag` af th`kcst aostcmk`s ta davjgl madpasjtjgl cppkjmctjags frad c e`sbtap ta ckcptap' Uh` ]cgtc _asc pkctfard‚s ]authorjel` (JMH8D mhjp* wjkksuppart thr`` ]`rjck CUC JJ (=Lo!s ectc$rct`* parts cge t`g P]O ?'>parts'

^MJ+ ^MJ$X+ ar ^MJ @xpr`ss

Uh` typ` af madput`r ous js typjmckky ugjdpartcgt `xm`pt wh`g yaupkcg ta us` c HE$]EJ ar HEDJ J!A oacre' Madput`r dcgufcmtur`rshcv` rcpjeky swjtmhè frad ^MJ ta ^MJ$X ta ^MJ @xpr`ss (^MJ`*'

Lrcphjms Oacre

Murr`gtky+ dast HEV èjtjgl cppkjmctjags ea gat dcb` ejr`mt us` af clrcphjms mcre' Uh` mcre js sjdpky usè ta suppart c hjlh$r`sakutjagejspkcy' G`v`rth`k`ss+ th`r` cr` thr`` mrjt`rjc far s`k`mtjgl c lrcphjmsoacre' Ea`s jt suppart Ejr`mtX :'> ar Ejr`mtX 3>'>1 Uhjs js jdpartcgto`mcus` jgmkueè wjthjg oath mcpcojkjtj`s js c fugmtjag mckkè EXVC'Uhjs fugmtjag ckkaws cppkjmctjags ta cmm`ss hcrewcr` wjthjg th` L^Pthct suppart D^@L$?' Ag` fugmtjag+ cg jgv`rs` ejsmr`t` masjg`trcgsfard (jEMU* supparts D^@L$? e`maejgl―whjk` th` ath`r+ cejsmr`t` masjg` trcgsfard (EMU*+ supparts D^@L$? `gmaejgl' Ag`hap`s thct Gctjv` HEV èjtjgl saftwcr` jg th` futur` wjkk dcb` us` af oath fugmtjags ta jgmr`cs` p`rfardcgm`'

Uh` s`mage mrjt`rjag js th` cdaugt af L^P _CD' _CD sjz` mcg o`jdpartcgt wh`g cppkjmctjags ouff`r duktjpk` frcd`s af vjeà ta suppartsdaath pkcyocmb' Uh` djgjdud yau wcgt js ?06DO' (Aovjausky+ yauea gat wcgt ta us` cgy lrcphjms sakutjag thct dcb`s us` af ‛shcrèd`dary— ga dctt`r whct p`rfardcgm` mkcjds cr` dce` far th`

praeumt'*Uh` thjre mrjt`rjc mav`rs c gudo`r af magsje`rctjags9 =E èl`$fjkt`rjglcppkjè ta vjeà ta jgmr`cs` quckjty2 wjeth cge sp`è af th` pctho`tw``g th` L^P cge L^P _CD2 suppartè dagjtar r`sakutjag2suppartè dagjtar makar$e`pth2 dcxjdud dagjtar r`fr`sh rct`2gudo`r af dagjtars2 typ` af magg`mtjag (VLC+ EVJ+ HEDJ+ cgckalmadpag`gt+ HE$]EJ+ ]$vjeà+ madpasjt`*2 suppart far _LO+ GU]M+ cge

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3:3 0!3>!3=

HE vjeà autput frad cg av`rkcy2 cge th` sjz` af th` av`rkcy ouff`r(GU]M ar HE*'

Madpkjmctjgl th` uge`rstcgejgl af th`s` jssu`s js ckdast ckkejsmussjags af lrcphjm oacres magsje`r vjeà ta o` `jth`r GU]M

r`sakutjag frad EVEs ar hjlh$r`sakutjag jdcl`s frad =E lcd`s'Daràv`r+ dast GK@ pcmbcl`s ea gat y`t e`fjg` sp`mjfjm r`qujr`d`gtsfar cg HE lrcphjms oacre'

Uaecy‚s lrcphjms oacres pkul jgta c ^MJ @xpr`ss skat rcth`r thcg cgCL^ skat' \hjk` thjs thàr`tjmckky ckkaws jgmr`csè lrcphjmsp`rfardcgm`+ jf yaur syst`d us`s CL^ yau g`è gat upect` yaursyst`d'

]tarcl` _`qujr`d`gts far @ejtjgl HEV

Psjgl cgy HE ugmadpr`ssè mae`m c _CJE js r`qujrè o`mcus`+ far`xcdpk`+ 3>8>j6> vjeà r`qujr`s c ectc trcgsf`r ectc rct` af 33:DO!s`mage' C v`ry kcrl` _CJE js r`qujrè o`mcus` cg haur af 3>8>jr`qujr`s 53<LOs' Daràv`r+ thjs js usjgl ugmadpr`ssè 8$ojt vjeà'

Uh`s` vcku`s jgmr`cs`+ far 3>8>j6>2 ta 308DO!s`mage cge c whappjgl006LO p`r haur w`r` yau ta mhaas` ta ejljtjz` usjgl 3>$ojt vjeà'

Urcgsf`r Ectc _ct` ]tarcl` p`r Haur

3>8>j6> 8$ojt 33:DO!s`mage 53<LO

3>8>j6> 3>$ojt 308DO!s`mage 006LO

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3:? 0!3>!3=

Hcre Ejsb ^`rfardcgm` ]jeòcr

\h`g kaabjgl ct cgy ejsb erjv` sp`mjfjmctjag+ r`d`do`r th` ectc$rct`sp`mjfjmctjags cr` typjmckky p`cb vcku`s' _`d`do`r cs c erjv` ar _CJEfjkks+ th` ectc rct` e`mr`cs`s cs shawg o`kaw'

Uh` ath`r jssu` js ejsb frcld`gtctjag thct ammurs gcturckky av`r tjd`' Haw

dumh af c ejff`r`gm` mcg thjs dcb`1 Ag c 6>LO <?>>rpd Hjtcmhj wjth c8DO mcmh` thct wcs 5>$p`rm`gt fukk―o`far` o`jgl e`frcld`gtè]`qu`gtjck _`ce!\rjt` p`rfardcgm` wcs ?3DO!s`mage' Cft`r o`jgle`frcld`gtè+ p`rfardcgm` jgmr`csè ta =?DO!s`mage'

\arbfkaw Magm`pts

Uh` faur t`mhgjqu`s jgmkue`9 Ercft+ ^raxy+ Jgt`rdèjct`+ cge Gctjv`'Ercft dae` mcg o` furth`r ejvjeè jgta gag$GU]M!^CK Ercft cge

GU]M!^CK Ercft' Kjb`wjs`+ Jgt`rdèjct` dae` mcg o` furth`r ejvjeèjgta Madpr`ssè Jgt`rdèjct` cge Pgmadpr`ssè Jgt`rdèjct`'

Ercft @ejtjgl

\` cr` ckk kjb`ky fcdjkjcr wjth usjgl ercft èjtjgl t`mhgjqu`s' \` octmhmcptur` c tcp` usjgl c mae`m ejff`r`gt frad th` ag` usè oy autmcdmare`r' Gcturckky+ thjs mae`m js mhas`g o`mcus` jt e`mae`s fcst`r




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3:= 0!3>!3=

thcg aur tcp`‚s mae`m' Cppk`‚s ^hataI^@L mcg o` e`maeè fcst`r thcgEV―sa jt hcs kagl o``g usè cs gag$GU]M!^CK ercft mae`m far EV'

Af maurs`+ aur ercft mae`m shauke r`qujr` k`ss starcl` spcm` cge ejsbocgewjeth' Ag` wcy ta cmmadpkjsh thjs js ta sjdpky kaw`r madpr`ssjag

quckjty' Ckt`rgct`ky+ w` mcg e`lrce` jdcl` r`sakutjag' Jt js papukcr taerap `v`r$ath`r fj`ke' Ar+ `v`ry$ath`r makudg' Ar+ oath' Uh` kctt`raptjag muts starcl` cutadctjmckky o` c fcmtar af faur'

HEV mcg m`rtcjgky o` trcgsmaeè ta Cppk` ^hataI^@L―cs kagl cs yaurDcm hcs `gaulh paw`r ta e`mae` HE sjzè D^@L$? frcd`s cger`madpr`ss th`d―whjk` eawgsmckjgl th`d'

O`mcus` madput`rs mcg gaw pram`ss EV sa `ffjmj`gtky+ jt js passjok` farEV?0 jts`kf ta o` usè cs cg GU]M!^CK ercft mae`m far HEV' Gaw ckkth` `ff`mts thct suppart EV mcg o` usè ag aur ercft HE dct`rjck' Ckk

thct hcs g`èè js c madput`r thct js fcst `gaulh ta trcgsmae` HEV tacgcdarphjm EV' Uh` cevcgtcl` af warbjgl wjth EV js thct th` tjd`kjg`js r`cey far pkcyocmb ag cg GU]M!^CK ejspkcy wh`g magg`mtè vjcj'KJGB ta th` dagjtar' Jg fcmt+ yau mcg ejr`mtky `xpart c EV praeumtjag'

Cft`r th` praeumtjag hcs o``g èjtè+ th` tjd`mae` af th` ercft mkjpscr` usè ta l`g`rct` c octmh$r`mcptur` af th` HEV dct`rjck' Af maurs`+ thjs r`qujr`s HEV `qujpd`gt wjth frcd`$cmmurct` mcptur`cojkjty'

]agy pravje`s c sup`ro wcy af suppartjgl EV ercft' Jts HEV

mcdmare`rs pravje` c hcrewcr` eawgmagv`rt af HEV' Gaw yau mcgèjt wjth cgy dcmhjg` thct mcg èjt EV' Uh` tjd`mae` far th` EV vjeàjs je`gtjmck ta th` tjd`mae` far th` HEV vjeà' Uhjs `gcok`s th` octmhr`$mcptur` pram`ss ta summ`è'

Cgy GK@ whas` mcptur` fugmtjag supparts Octmh _`mcptur` (^r`dj`r`^ra+ Fjgck Mut ^ra 0+ cge Xpr`ss ^ra HE* mcg dcb` us` af Ercftèjtjgl' Af maurs`+ jt js cksa g`m`sscry far yaur HEV mcdmare`r ar e`mbsuppart frcd`$cmmurct` mcptur`'

^raxy @ejtjgl

Ceao` ^r`dj`r` 5'? suppkjè th` fjrst jdpkcgtctjag af Ag$kjg` ^raxyèjtjgl' \` wauke mcptur` ckk th` dct`rjck ag c tcp` ta Datjag$I^@Lcge scv` th` fjk` ag aur %3>+>>> 5LO ejsbs' G`xt+ w` jgjtjctè c octmhmagv`rsjag af ckk th`s` mkjps ta c ercft mae`m' Gcturckky+ thjs aft`g wcsckk gjlht iao―cge jg thas` ecys jt wcs rcr` c madput`r mauke rug dar`thcg c f`w haurs wjthaut mrcshjgl' G`v`rth`k`ss+ jf w` w`r` kumby+ jt





warbè' Uh` ercft mae`m typjmckky suppartè 30fps pkcyocmb wjth cr`sakutjag af 38>x?5> pjx`ks'

Uaecy w` mcg us` th` scd` cppracmh' Jg fcmt+ dy HEpcrtg`r ^kus saftwcr` usè thjs cppracmh cge wcs usè oy eaz`gs af èjtars ta èjt

HEV ag L= jOaabs cge L5 âw`rOaabs' \hjk` HEpcrtg`r ^kus usè^hataI^@L―cgcdarphjm EV wcs cg ckt`rgctjv` sakutjag jf yau hce cdar` paw`rfuk madput`r'

Murr`gtky th`r` js agky ag` ^M$ocsè ^raxy sakutjag―EVlct` ^kus fradth` ]agy ^jmtur`s ejvjsjag' Jt js cvcjkcok` agky wjth ]agy VCJAmadput`rs'

Psjgl cg j'KJGB magg`mtjag cge ]agy EVlct` ^kus saftwcr`+ VCJAmadput`rs cr` cok` ta jdpart vjeà frad th` HEV$FX3 cge HV_$Y3' Jgare`r ta èjt HEV+ th` Urcgspart ]tr`cd dust o` e`duxè jgta D^@L$

? vjeà cge D^@L$3 cueja' Uh`g th` vjeà dust o` e`maeè taugmadpr`ssè ejljtck vjeà' Jg are`r ta ejspkcy jt ag yaur madput`r‚sejspkcy jt dust o` magv`rtè ta _LO ectc' Uh` cueja dust cksa oè`maeè ta ejljtck cueja' Uh` cueja mcg o` pkcyè wjth ga v`rsjagmagv`rsjag'

Uhjs pram`ss dust o` p`rfardè far `v`ry frcd` thct yau vj`w' Pgk`ssag`‚s ^M magtcjgs euck ='5LHz Xàg pram`ssar+ gat ckk th`s` st`ps mcgo` p`rfardè fcst `gaulh ta pkcy vjeà ct ?0fps ar =>fps'

EVlct` ^kus `gcok`s yau ta magv`rt HEV vjeà ta cg aptjdjzè praxy

v`rsjag af th` vjeà mkjp o`jgl èjtè' Uh` praxy js c t`dparcry ‛jgt`rdèjct`— fardct thct js v`ry csy far th` ^M ta warb wjth'

EVlct` ^kus saftwcr`+ ougekè wjth ckk VCJA ^Ms+ supparts praxyèjtjgl' _`pr`s`gtctjags af hjlh$e`fjgjtjag vjeà mkjps mcg qujmbky cge`csjky o` trjddè+ css`dokè+ cge r`$crrcglè'

Agm` vjeà hcs o``g èjtè+ VCJA ^Ms p`rfard sdcrt r`ge`rjgl' Uhjspram`ss agky r`$`gmae`s th` partjags thct hcv` o``g èjtè' Uhjslr`ctky rèum`s th` tatck cdaugt af r`ge`rjgl tjd`' Jt cksa ckkaws fardjgjdck e`lrcectjag af vjeà quckjty o`mcus` HEV js agky e`maeè

agm` cge r`maeè agm`'

HEV vjeà mcg o` r`mareè ocmb ta EV Ucp` jg th` arjljgck hjlh$e`fjgjtjag quckjty' Uh` èjtè vjeà+ jg c ectc fjk` fardct+ mcg o` starèagta c ectc EVE ct th` arjljgck HE quckjty far ^M pkcyocmb ar farpr`s`rvctjag'

Oy sjdpky Mkjmbjgl th` ‛ta EVE— outtag+ HEV vjeà mcg o` magv`rtè tac stcgecre e`fjgjtjag vjeà quckjty EVE thct mcg o` pkcyè ocmb agdast had` EVE pkcy`rs'

Ejljtck Jgt`rdèjct`

Oy spkjttjgl th` pr`$èjtjgl pram`ss jgta twa phcs`s+ th` cdaugt af madput` paw`r r`qujrè js sjlgjfjmcgtky rèumè' _èumè ta th` pajgtwh`r` c fcst (='?LHz ^5* ar c euck ?'0LHz L0 mcg hcgek` th` tcsb'

]urprjsjglky+ <?>p=> HE fjk`s tcb`s k`ss spcm` thcg ea`s c EV?0 fjk`'Uh` mcpturè D^@L$? trcgspart str`cd r`qujr`s agky coaut :ljlcoyt`s af ejsb spcm` p`r haur' Gcturckky+ 3>8>j+ ct ?0Dops+ r`qujr`sth` scd` ejsb spcm` cs ea`s EV―3= ljlcoyt`s p`r haur'

Uh` b`y ta spkjttjgl th` madputctjagck tcsbs js ta fjrst mcptur` cgemagv`rt HEV ta cg jgt`rdèjct` mae`m―cge th`g èjt thjs dar``ffjmj`gt jgt`rdèjct` mae`m'

Cppk` Jgt`rdèjct` Mae`m

jDavj` HE cge Fjgck Mut @xpr`ss HE mcptur` ta th` Cppk` Jgt`rdèjct`Mae`m (CJM*' CJM e`fjg`s th` 355>x3>8> frcd`s cs 3:?>x3>8>+ whjmhjs haw Sujmbtjd` je`gtjfj`s cgcdarphjm vjeà' CJM+ cg J$frcd` agkymae`m+ hcs th` sp`mjfjmctjags ejspkcyè jg th` Ucok` o`kaw'

HEV DO!s HEV fjk` sjz` CJM DO!s CJM fjk` sjz`

<?>p=> ?'< : LO < ?= LO

3>8>j0> ='0 3= LO 35 56 LO

3>8>j6> ='0 3= LO 33 =8 LO

U`st Urcgsjtjag9 Mkamb wjp`s cr` usè cs th` prjdcry t`st

trcgsjtjag o`mcus` jt `csy ta spat gag$sdaath pkcyocmb' C 0$s`magetrcgsjtjag wcs `dpkayè o`mcus` dast trcgsjtjags cr` s`t ta pcss jg3 ta ? s`mages'

Psjgl 3>8>j6> CJM wjth Fjgck Mut @xpr`ss ruggjgl ag c euck ?'0LHY(wjth ?LO af _CD* wjth _`cktjd` dae` s`t ta Pgkjdjtè ct Dèjudquckjty'

Ø ^kcyocmb js p`rf`mt frad th` ]aurm` cge frad c Ujd`kjg`'

Ø Makar marr`mtjag af c sjglk`$str`cd ta c mkjp ea`s gat ckt`r p`rf`mtpkcyocmb p`rfardcgm`'

Ø \jth twa str`cds+ c Mkamb \jp` trcgsjtjag pkcys p`rf`mtky' \h`goath mkjps cr` makar marr`mtè+ th` Mkamb \jp` trcgsjtjag cksa pkcysp`rf`mtky'

Ø Pp ta twa dar` mkjps mcg o` sup`rjdpasè av`r th` twa makarmarr`mtè mkjps iajgè oy c Mkamb \jp` trcgsjtjag'

Ø @xpart ta HEV r`qujr`s c ?'=93 tjd`$rctja'

Mjg`Fard9 Csp`mt HE+ Magg`mt HE+ cge ^rasp`mt HE

Uh`r` cr` fjv` v`rsjags af Mjg`Fard (www'mjg`fard'mad* saftwcr`' Ckk

v`rsjags `dpkay cg jgt`rdèjct` mae`m Mjg`Fard mckks Mcrkso`rl(MFHE*' Uh` MFHE mae`m js ocsè ag \cv`k`t madpr`ssjag' Uajgmr`cs` èjtjgl p`rfardcgm`+ th` cklarjthds wjthjg Mcrksoce tcb`cevcgtcl` af vjeà starè jg c fardct thct ckkaws dar` `ffjmj`gtr`trj`vck frad hcre erjv`s cge whas` madpr`ssjag fardct ckkaws farv`ry `ffjmj`gt vjeà `ff`mts pram`ssjgl oy `xpkajtjgl ]]@? jgstrumtjags'

Mjg`Fard wcs e`sjlgè ta o` c v`ry hjlh$quckjty jgt`rdèjct` mae`map`rctjgl jg ZPV 59?9? makar$spcm`' Suckjty js hjlh far thr`` r`csags'Fjrst+ quckjty js gat kast eurjgl th` mcptur`!magv`rsjag pram`ss o`mcus`kaw ectc$rct` HEV D^@L$? js e`maeè cge th`g r`madpr`ssè ta c

hjlh$ectc rct` (8>Dops* mae`m' (Zau cr` cksa aff`rè th` aptjag af `glcljgl ‛Kcrl` Fjk`— dae` thct us`s c ectc rct` af 3>>Dops'*

HEV9 spcm`$p`r$haur

MFHE9 spcm`$p`r$haur

Kaw Ectc$rct` Hjlh ectc$rct`

<?>p=> :LO =>LO <'0DO!s`m

3>8>j6> 3=LO 5>LO :DO!s`m 35DO!s`m

]`mage+ c saphjstjmctè pram`ss js usè ta upmagv`rt 59?9> makar

scdpkjgl ta 59?9?' Uhjre+ o`mcus` th` vjeà js agky kjlhtky madpr`ssè(typjmckky 693*+ eurjgl èjtjgl jt o`hcv`s dar` kjb` ugmadpr`ssè thcgmadpr`ssè vjeà'

Uh`r` cr` fjv` Mjg`Fard praeumts' Uh`s` jgmkue`9 cg jgt`lrctè v`rsjagaf sad` Mjg`Fard fugmtjags (`'l'+ th` MFHE mae`m* wjthjg V`lcs 6+Magg`mtHE sake oy ]agy far V`lcs 6 thct pravje`s lr`ct`r mcptur``ffjmj`gmy+ c MFHE mae`m pkul$jg ougekè wjth Ceao` ^r`dj`r` ^ra+

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3:< 0!3>!3=

Csp`mtHE sake oy Mjg`Fard far Ceao` ^r`dj`r` ^ra+ cge c hjlh$paw`rv`rsjag mckkè ^rasp`mtHE far Ceao` ^r`dj`r` ^ra'

Uh`r` cr` sjlgjfjmcgt ejff`r`gm`s o`tw``g th` fjv` v`rsjags af Mjg`Fardpraeumts' Zau dcy fjge thct `v`g thaulh yau purmhcs` c praeumt wjth

oujkt$jg Mjg`Fard fugmtjags+ yau wjkk g`è ta ouy cg uplrce` fradMjg`Fard ta aotcjg lr`ct`r fugmtjagckjty' ]`v`rck af th`s` ejff`r`gm`scr` jgejmctè jg th` Ucok` o`kaw'

CutadctjmHEV taMFHE

Magv`rsjag

0>% Fcst`r Mcptur`

Magv`rsjag

Hjlh$p`rfardcgm`(5X* _`ge`r

@gljg`

MF ta ^3>$ojtMFHEMae`m

V`lcs < Ga Ga Ga Ga Ga

V`lcs < wjthMagg`mtHE

Z`s Ga Ga Z`s Ga

^r`dj`r ^rawjth HEVpkul$jg

Z`s Ga Ga Ga Ga

^r`dj`r ^rawjth

Csp`mtHE

Z`s Z`s Z`s Z`s Ga

^r`dj`r ^rawjth

^rasp`mtHE

Z`s Z`s Z`s Z`s Z`s

‛MF ta ^— js c fugmtjag thct magv`rts Mjg`Frcd` ?5+ Mjg`Frcd` ?0+ cgeMjg`Frcd` => dae`s ta 3>8>p?5+ 3>8>p?0+ cge 3>8>p=> vjeà'V`rtjmck r`sakutjag js rèumè jg th` Mjg`Frcd` dae`s+ sa gcturckky th`r`suktjgl MFHE vjeà hcs k`ss r`sakutjag thcg 3>8>j jgt`rkcmè vjeà'Magv`rsjag frad ?0fps ta ?5fps+ wjth c ”5$p`rm`gt cueja sp`è shjft`r+js cksa suppartè'

\jthaut ‛Cutadctjm HEV ta MFHE Magv`rsjag— yau dust fjrst mcptur`yaur HEV saurm` dct`rjck+ jdpart jt jgta yaur GK@+ cge th`g `xpart th`dct`rjck ta MFHE vjeà' \jth Magg`mtHE+ th` magv`rsjag ammurs

‛sjduktcgàusky— wjth mcptur`' (Gat` thct ct djgjdud+ c <?>>rpderjv` wjth c 8DO mcmh` js r`qujrè far dcxjdud p`rfardcgm`'* Far3>8>j6>+ r`cktjd` magv`rsjag wjkk r`qujr` c v`ry paw`rfuk madput`r'Ag` wjth c ^`gtjud 85> E ‛euck$mar`— pram`ssar' J ea gat r`madd`geusjgl V`lcs < wjthaut purmhcsjgl Magg`mtHE'

K`t‚s kaab ct whct `ff`mts cr` suppkjè oy Csp`mtHE' Ag th` Csp`mt HEfjkt`r kjst+ yau wjkk gatjm` twa makar `ff`mts' Makar marr`mtjag magtraks





orjlhtg`ss+ magtrcst+ scturctjag+ hu`+ pkus rè+ lr``g+ cge oku`madpag`gts' Uh` Makar Ockcgm` fjkt`r ceiusts rè+ lr``g+ cge oku`madpag`gts jg th` shceaw+ djetag`+ cge hjlhkjlht r`ljags' Jt jgmkue`scg aptjag ta magtrak tatck kudjgcgm` k`v`k cs madpag`gt ceiustd`gtscr` dce`'

Csp`mt HE jgmkue`s twa =E vjeà `ff`mts9 ^cg+ Yaad+ _atct` (^Y_* cge^Y_ Magstrcjgè' ^Y_ supparts zaad jgta+ pcg cmrass+ cge ratctjag af th` vjeà frcd` jg r`cktjd`―wjth b`y frcdjgl' Jt js passjok` ta ratctàr pcg c vjeà mkjp cge l`t okcmb marg`rs ar èl`s' ^Y_ Magstrcjgèprjarjtjz`s th` pcrcd`t`rs pr`v`gtjgl okcmb marg`rs ar èl`s'

Dcgy Csp`mt HE us`rs wjkk prjdcrjky autput ta stcgecre e`fjgjtjagvjeà' ]jgm` th` HE saurm` hcs dumh hjlh`r r`sakutjag+ zaadjgl jg cm`rtcjg cdaugt ea`s gat cff`mt th` fjgck r`sakutjag' Far `xcdpk`+ cwèejgl vjeàlrcph`r mauke s`t up c stctjagcry mcd`rc ct th` ocmb af

th` mhcp`k far th` `v`gt' Uh`g+ jg past+ th`y mauke zaad jgta th` dastjgt`r`stjgl pcrt af th` mkjp―ckk wjthaut kasjgl r`sakutjag'

Csp`mt HE cksa supparts r`cktjd` ^r`dj`r` Urcgspcr`gmy magtrak+r`cktjd` ckphc$mhcgg`ks ag =?$ojt ULC jdcl`s+ cge r`cktjd` ^r`dj`r`Datjag `ff`mts' Csp`mt HE cksa jgmkue`s c Farm` _`ge`r fjkt`r th`r`ge`rs ckk `ff`mts av`r th` eurctjag af th` mkjp' _`cktjd` b`ys cr`+haw`v`r gat y`t suppartè'

Urcgsjtjags thct mad` wjth Csp`mt HE jgmkue`9 ejssakv`s+ pcl` turgs+push`s cge mav`rs+ pkus av`r => wjp`s' Kjb` ^r`dj`r` trcgsjtjags+

Csp`mt HE trcgsjtjags hcv` Mustad s`ttjgls' Ckthaulh th`y wjkk gat o`r`cktjd`+ ckk ^r`dj`r` trcgsjtjags cge `ff`mts mcg o` usè'

Csp`mt HE supparts th` cppkjmctjag af duktjpk` r`cktjd` `ff`mts p`rvjeà str`cd' Uhus+ jt js passjok`+ far `xcdpk`+ ta pcg cmrass c makarmarr`mtè mkjp' Cs kagl cs yaur madput`r hcs ce`quct` pram`ssjglpaw`r+ th` str`cd wjkk pkcy jg r`cktjd`' (^kcyocmb p`rfardcgmè`lrce`s cs th` kace o`mad`s taa lr`ct'*

Ceao` ^r`dj`r` ^ra

Ceao` HEV ^kul$jg

Agm` yau hcv` jgstckkè Ceao`‚s fr`` HEV ^kul$jg jgta ^r`dj`r` ^ra+HEV mcptur` cge HEV `xpart$ta$tcp` fugmtjags cr` fukky jgt`lrctè jgtath` cppkjmctjag' Uhjs js c sjlgjfjmcgt f`ctur` cs jt `gcok`s yau ta warbwjth HEV iust cs yau ea wjth EV' Kjb`wjs`+ èjtjgl HEV wjth ^r`dj`r`^ra js iust kjb` èjtjgl EV'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g 3:: 0!3>!3=

Zau mcptur` usjgl th` ^r`dj`r` Mcptur` Uaak' Zau mcg us` Jddèjct`Mcptur`+ ]m`g` E`t`mt Mcptur`+ Jddèjct` Dcrbè Mcptur`+ OctmhMcptur`+ cge Octmh _`mcptur`'

Ø MFHE 3>8>j6> pkcys p`rf`mtky jg ^r`dj`r` ^ra‚s ]aurm` dagjtar cge

frad c Ujd`kjg`'

Ø ^r`dj`r`‚s Makar Marr`mtjag fjkt`r mcg o` cppkjè ta c sjglk`$str`cd+out pkcyocmb js ga kagl`r sdaath'

Ø C ^r`dj`r` Mkamb \jp` pkcys jg coaut 30$st`p jgmr`d`gts'

Ø \h`g oath mkjps cr` makar marr`mtè+ c ^r`dj`r` Mkamb \jp` pkcys jgcoaut ?>$frcd`s st`ps'

Mk`crky+ ^r`dj`r` ^ra wjth jts fr`` Ceao` HEV pkul$jg ea`s gat pravje`

euck$str`cd `ff`mts èjtjgl ag c ='?LHz ^`gtjud 5' Far sdaathpkcyocmb+ euck$str`cd `ff`mts dust o` r`ge`rè' G`v`rth`k`ss+^r`dj`r` aff`rs sdaath pkcyocmb af c 3>8>j muts$agky Ujd`kjg`'

Ua r`mare c Ujd`kjg` ta HEV+ wjth th` HEV e`vjm` magg`mtè+ jssu`Fjk` 7 @xpart ta Ucp`… cge th`g mkjmb _`ge`r & _`mare ' @xpart af 3>8>j r`qujr`s coaut c 093 tjd`$rctja'

Mjg`Fard Csp`mtHE ^kul$jg

Cmmarejgl ta Mjg`Fard+ ceejgl Csp`mtHE ta ^r`dj`r` ^ra pravje`seuck$str`cd r`cktjd` èjtjgl af 3>8>j wjthaut c _CJE' \h`g c _CJE js

`dpkayè+ wjth c ='6LHz ^5+ up ta 5 str`cds af 3>8>j6> MFHE mcg o`hcgekè' ]tarcl` ocgewjeth js v`ry jdpart wh`g warbjgl MFHEo`mcus` `cmh 3>8>j6> str`cd r`qujr`s :$35DO!s`mage'

Mjg`Fard r`madd`ge c ^M `dpkayjgl ct k`cst c ?'8LHz ^`gtjud 5pram`ssar thct supparts Hyp`r Uhr`cejgl cge hcs cg 8>>DHz F]O' O`sur` ta jgstckk pcjrs af ^M=?>>+ euck$mhcgg`k EE_5>> (Eauok` Ectc_ct`* ]E_CD EJDDs' Ct djgjdud+ th` syst`d dust hcv` c <?>>rpdCUC3>>!3== erjv`'

ûrmhcs` cge jgstckk th` kct`st v`rsjag af Mjg`Fard‚s Csp`mtHE' Gaw

yau mcg mcptur` usjgl th` ^r`dj`r` Mcptur` Uaak' Zau mcg us`Jddèjct` Mcptur`+ ]m`g` E`t`mt Mcptur`+ Jddèjct` DcrbèMcptur`+ Octmh Mcptur`+ cge Octmh _`mcptur`'

Cs c 3>8>j6> mkjp js mcpturè+ th` magv`rsjag pram`ss ammurs' Cft`rmcpturjgl c 0$djgut` mkjp+ th` magv`rsjag wcs ckr`cey 6>$p`rm`gtmagv`rtè cge jt taab cgath`r =$djgut`s ta madpk`t` th` magv`rsjag'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?>> 0!3>!3=

]m`g` E`t`mtjag Mcptur` warbè fjg`+ `xm`pt wh`g th` mcptur` wcsmadpk`t`+ `cmh mkjp r`qujrè ceejtjagck magv`rsjag tjd`' Mk`crky+mcptur`!magv`rsjag js gat r`cktjd` wjth ='?LHz ^`gtjud' Jt js kjb`ky c^`gtjud 85> E euck$mar` pram`ssar wjkk o` r`qujrè far r`cktjd`mcptur`!magv`rsjag'

ZPV v`rs`s _LO9 ejljtck ZPV!Zô^r vjeà sjlgcks rcgl` frad 36ta ?=0' Madput`r saftwcr` warbs wjth _LO ectc thct cr` cksa 8$ojts' Uh` rcgl` far `cmh _è+ Lr``g+ cge Oku` vcku` rcgl`s frad >ta ?00' Uh`r`far`+ jt wauke s``d vjeà cge madput`r ejljtck shaukeo` madpctjok`'

Pgfartugct`ky+ jt js gat' Ejljtck ZPV vjeà dust uge`rla pram`ssjglta o` magv`rtè ta!frad _LO' Uhjs pram`ss mcg e`lrce` mhradcquckjty' Daràv`r+ th` ZPV cge _LO makar spcm`s cr` gat je`gtjmck'Haw`v`r+ th`r` js c dumh dar` s`rjaus praok`d'

Uh` ejljtck ZPV vcku` af okcmb (36* js dcppè ta cg _LO vcku` afz`ra' Cge+ th` vcku` af whjt` (?>>* js dcppè ta cg _LO vcku` af?00' \hct hcpp`gs ta ckk th` r`mareè ]up`rwhjt` jgfardctjago`tw``g 3>3 J_@ cge 33> J_@1

Jt js hcre mkjppè cge th`ròy kast' Uhus+ ckk jgfardctjag frad th`

ejljtck ZPV rcgl` frad ?>3 ta ?=0 js ejsmcreè oy GK@s thct utjkjz`_LO rcth`r thcg ZPV pram`ssjgl'

^r`dj`r`‚s _LO$ocsè r`ge`rjgl `gljg` hcgek`s c kudjgcgm`

rcgl` frad > J_@ ta 3>> J_@' \jth Csp`mtHE‚ s ZPV r`ge`rjgl`gljg`+ th` fukk > J_@ ta 33> J_@ vjeà rcgl` js utjkjzè' Uhus far

oath quckjty cge p`rfardcgm` jdprav`d`gts+ J straglky r`madd`geuplrcejgl ta Csp`mtHE jf yau cr` usjgl ^r`dj`r` ^ra'

Psjgl th` Ujd`kjg` Dagjtar‚s s`t$up outtag ta dcb` th` fakkawjgls`ttjgls―mh`mb Cutadctjm Suckjty cge s`k`mt ^kcyocmb ]`ttjgls… cgeth`g dcb` th`s` s`ttjgls9 Mh`mb HE Makarspcm` (OU <>:*2 mh`mb Ps`

vjeàstr`cd _LO2 cge s`t pkcyocmb ta Dcxjdud _CD '

Ø MFHE 3>8>j6> pkcys p`rf`mtky jg ^r`dj`r` ^ra‚s ]aurm` dagjtar cgefrad c Ujd`kjg`'

Ø ]tctjm tjtk`s (wjth fce`$jg!aut* mcg o` sup`rjdpasè av`r c sjglk`$str`cd'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?>3 0!3>!3=

Ø ]jglk`$str`cds+ wjth Mjg`Fard‚s Makar marr`mtjag cge Makar Ockcgm`fjkt`rs+ pkcy jg r`cktjd`'

Ø \h`g twa str`cds cr` pkcyè+ far `xcdpk` eurjgl cgy ?E Csp`mtHEsuppkjè trcgsjtjag+ 3>8>j6> MFHE pkcys p`rf`mtky' (U`st trcgsjtjags

w`r` 30$s`mages kagl'*Ø \h`g oath mkjps cr` makar marr`mtè+ cgy ?E Csp`mtHE suppkjè

trcgsjtjag cksa pkcys p`rf`mtky'

Ø C thjre mkjp mcg o` sup`rjdpasè av`r makar marr`mtè mkjps iajgè oycgy ?E Csp`mtHE trcgsjtjag'

Ø Mjg`Fard ea`s gat suppky c Mhradc$b`y `ff`mt' Uh` r`ge`r tjd`$rctja far ^r`dj`r`‚s mhradc$b`y wcs ckdast 093'

Ua r`mare c MFHE Ujd`kjg` ta HEV+ wjth th` HEV e`vjm` magg`mtè+jssu` Fjk` 7 @xpart ta Ucp` cge th`g mkjmb _`ge`r & _`mare ' @xpartaf 3>8>j frad ^r`dj`r` ^ra+ r`qujr`s c 693 tjd`$rctja' Uhjs js wjth th`Mjg`Fard HEV @xpart quckjty ct Dcxjdud Suckjty ' (Uh` s`ttjgl jswjthjg ^kcyocmb ]`ttjgls uge`r th` ^kcyocmb dagjtar‚s s`ttjgl outtag'*Uh` rctjas fckk ta 093+ wh`g Dcxjdud ]p`è js s`k`mtè'

]agy V`lcs <

]agy‚s V`lcs < supparts Jgt`rdèjct` èjtjgl usjgl th` Mjg`FardMFHE mae`m' Zau hcv` twa warbfkaw aptjags'

3' Jssu` Aptjags 7 ^r`f`r`gm`s+ mhaas` th` Vjeà tco+ cge ugmh`mbPs` `xt`rgck vjeà mcptur` cppkjmctjag' Ua mcptur` HEV+ us` th`jgt`lrctè Fjk` 7 Mcptur` Vjeà fugmtjag' (Zau mcggat kal cgeoctmh mcptur` mkjps gar js th`r` c ‛sm`g` e`t`mt— fugmtjag'* \h`g ckkyaur mkjps hcv` o``g mcpturè+ mr`ct` c g`w ^rai`mt thct us`s th`cppraprjct` Mjg`Fard MFHE mae`m'

]`k`mt ckk 'd?t fjk`s jg th` mcptur` Ojg cge ercl th`d jgta thÙjd`kjg`' Gaw jssu` Uaaks 7 ]mrjptjgl cge `gt`r c ‛ocs`— fjk`gcd` wjthjg c ejff`r`gt ‛magv`rtè— Ojg ejr`mtary' Far `xcdpk`+ ‛MFHE— wjthjg c ‛Magv`rtè fake`r'— Mkjmb ag Vjeà far \jgeaws'

G`xt+ mh`mb th` cppraprjct` ‛HEV Jgt`rdèjct`— mae`m yau wcgt taus`'

G`xt+ mkjmb AB ' Uh` HEV mkjps wjkk gaw o` magv`rtè ta MFHE mkjps'Uh` magv`rsjag tjd`$rctja far 3>8>j js ?'093' Jdpart yaur MFHEmkjps oy usjgl th` V`lcs @xpkar`r ta fjge th` fake`r magtcjgjgl th`magv`rtè fjk`s'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?>? 0!3>!3=

?' ûrmhcs` cge jgstckk th` kct`st v`rsjag af Mjg`Fard Magg`mtHE'Ap`g th` Magg`mtHE HEKjgb utjkjty' Uh` magg`mtè HEV saurmè`vjm` wjkk o` kjstè' Mkjmb ^r`fs cge oraws` ta kamct` th` V`lcs 6fake`r thct wjkk hake magv`rtè fjk`s' @gcok` Cutadctjm magv`rt ta

Mjg`Fard Jgt`rdèjct` ()'cvj* cge `gt`r c ocs` gcd` sumh cs

‛MFHEQ— cge th`g s`k`mt Dèjud ]jz`' ]`k`mt Jgt`rkcm` cge mh`mb]pkjt ]m`g`s' Mkjmb AB ' Kamct` th` stcrt af th` sm`g` oy usjgl th`VU_ outtags' Gaw mkjmb ^KCZ cge mkjmb ]UC_U ' Magv`rsjag wcsckdast r`cktjd` far 3>8>j6>'

\h`g ckk mkjps hcv` o``g mcpturè+ mr`ct` c g`w ^rai`mt thct us`sth` cppraprjct` Mjg`Fard MFHE mae`m' Jdpart yaur MFHE mkjps oyusjgl th` V`lcs @xpkar`r ta fjge th` fake`r magtcjgjgl th` magv`rtèfjk`s'

V`lcs < èjtjgl p`rfardcgm` wjkk o` th` scd` ga dctt`r haw th`

MFHE fjk`s w`r` aotcjgè o`mcus`+ ugkjb` Csp`mtHE+ Magg`mtHEcees ga p`rfardcgm` `ghcgmjgl f`ctur`s ta V`lcs 6' Ckk `ff`mtsr`gejgl js eag` usjgl th` V`lcs 6 r`ge`rjgl `gljg`'

]`t pkcyocmb dae` ta Ercft (Cuta*―whjmh ejspkcys c v`ry kawquckjty 65>x=6> jdcl`'

Ø C 3>8>j6> MFHE Ujd`kjg` mcg pkcy ct up ta ?:':<fps'

Ø Ceejgl c makar marr`mtjag fjkt`r mcg kaw`r th` frcd`$rct`' Uh`kagl`r th` `ff`mt+ th` kaw`r th` frcd`$rct`'

Ø Jgs`rtjgl c 0$s`mage Mkamb \jp` mcus`s pkcyocmb sp`è ta ejpsjlgjfjmcgtky'

Ø Jgs`rtjgl c 0$s`mage Mkamb \jp` agta makar marr`mtè mkjpsmcus`s pkcyocmb sp`è ta ejp sjlgjfjmcgtky'

Ø Eurjgl c Mhradc$b`y pkcyocmb th` frcd`$rct` mcg ejpsjlgjfjmcgtky'

Ua `xpart cg HEV fjk` frad V`lcs 6+ jssu` Uaaks 7 ^rjgt Vjeà ta

HEV Ucp`… cge s`k`mt th` HEV e`vjm`' Mkjmb G`xt cge gcd` th` davj`fjk`' Uh` `xpartè fjk` mcg o` s`gt+ usjgl j'KJGB+ ta cg HEV e`vjm`' Uh``xpart tjd` far 3>8>j6> MFHE hcs c ='093 tjd`$rctja'

@ejtjgl wjth th` Mcgapus HS Mae`m

Mcgapus hcs jt‚s awg jgt`rdèjct` mae`m mckkè ‛HS'— Uh`y r`malgjz`thct dcgy èjtars us` ugmadpr`ssè vjeà cs cg jgt`rdèjct` mae`m'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?>= 0!3>!3=

Gcturckky usjgl ugmadpr`ssè HE vjeà far èjtjgl b``ps vjeà ct jtsarjljgck quckjty+ haw`v`r o`mcus` af th` dcssjv` ectc ocgewjeth+sustcjgjgl stcok` p`rfardcgm` js c ejffjmukt wjth th` murr`gt warbstctjagcge _CJEs' _`ge`rjgl ugmadpr`ssè jdcl`s far FX r`sukts wcstètjd`+ whjmh dcb`s ugmadpr`ssè ocs` èjtjgl syst`ds k`ss cpp`ckjgl'

Mcgapus o`kj`v`s thct oy usjgl cg jgt`rdèjct` thct ea`s gat e`lrce``jth`r HEMCD ar EVM^_A HE+ y`t r`qujr`s vcstky k`ss ocgewjeth thcgusjgl 8$ojt ugmadpr`ssè+ jt hcs e`v`kapè th` aptjdck sakutjag farèjtjgl HE cge HEV'

Uh` HS Mae`m wcs e`v`kapè ta pr`s`rv` th` jdcl` quckjty af ]AGZHEMCD cge ^cgcsagjm EVM^_A HE vjeà+ whjk` ckkawjgl madpr`ssjagfar r`cktjd` èjtjgl' Uh` HS Mae`m supparts vcrjcok` ojtrct` (VO_*+ tasustcjg hjlh quckjty whjk` b``pjgl tatck ectc ocgewjeth kaw+ oyceiustjgl madpr`ssjag rct`s o`tw``g sjdpk` jdcl`s cge madpk`xjdcl`s wjthjg c vjeà str`cd' (@ejtjgl syst`ds usjgl hcre erjv`s+

ckkaw VO_ mae`ms ta scv` ejsb spcm` cge cvaje syst`d oattk`g`mbsthus rcjsjgl syst`d p`rfardcgm`'* Jg ceejtjag+ th` HS Mae`m,s arjljgckmckmukctjag d`thae ckkaws aptjdck p`rfardcgm` eurjgl e`madpr`ssjagcge madpr`ssjag' Fardcts+ sumh cs HEMCD cge EVM^_A HE+ r`qujr`magstcgt ojtrct` madpr`ssjag ta o` cok` ta r`mare ta tcp`'

Uh` Ucok` o`kaw shaws th` scdpkjgl mhcrcmt`rjstjms usè oy EVM^_AHE cge ]agy,s HEMCD―cs madpcrè wjth Mcgapus HS mae`m'

EVM^_A HE HEMCD Mcgapus HS

Kudjgcgm` ]cdpkjgl (pjx`ks* 3?8> 355> 355>

Mhradc ]cdpkjgl (pjx`ks* 65> 58> <?>

Ojt _ct` 3>>Dops 35>Dops Vcrjcok`

EVM^_A HE9 Uh` kudc scdpk` csp`mt rctja js `ff`mtjv`ky =!? (3?8>*+whjk` mhradc suoscdpkjgl js 59?9? ct 65>' Uhus+ th` fr`qu`gmy vcku`la`s eawg ta twa$thjres af th` arjljgck jdcl`'

HEMCD9 Uh` kudc scdpk` csp`mt rctja js eawg scdpkè ta 355>+ cge

mhradc suoscdpkjgl js =9393 ct 58>' Uh`r`far`+ th` fr`qu`gmy farkudc far HEMCD js hjlh`r thcg EVM^_A HE+ out th` fr`qu`gmy farmhradc js kaw`r thcg EVM^_A HE'

Mcgapus HS9 Madpcrè ta th`s` twa mae`ms+ th` Mcgapus HS mae`mus`s 59?9? suoscdpkjgl cge eawg$scdpk`s th` kudc r`sakutjag ta355>' Uh`r`far`+ th` kudc r`sakutjag js `qujvck`gt ta HEMCD cgehjlh`r thcg EVM^_A HE―whjk` mhradc r`sakutjag js hjlh`r thcg oath





EVM^_A HE cge HEMCD' Uh`r`far`+ th` Mcgapus HS mae`m js o`tt`rthcg oath HEMCD cge EVM^_A HE'

Mcgapus hcs p`rfard`e c s`rj`s af t`sts wh`r` mae`ms cr` f`e c sjlgckthct sw``ps frad 3 ta =>DHz' Fjlur` :'3 shaws th` HEMCD sjlgck

whjk` Fjlur` :'? ejspkcys th` HS mae`m autput'

Fjlur` :'39 HEMCD sjlgck autput

Fjlur` :'? shaws th` Mcgapus HS sjlgck autput

Mk`crky+ th` kudc r`spags` (k`ft sw``p* cge mhradc r`spags` (rjlhtsw``p* far th` Mcgapus mae`m hcs th` dast `xt`geè fr`qu`gmyr`spags`' (Uh` Mcgapus mae`m wcs ap`rctjgl ct c ectc rct` af 3>0Dops+ whjmh js magsje`rcoky kaw`r thcg HEMCD (35>Dops* cgecppraxjdct`ky `quck ta EVM^_A HE (3>>Dops*'

Uh` ectc rct`―uge`r 30 d`lcoyt`s p`r s`mage―far th` 8$ojt HSmae`m js c frcmtjag af 8$ojt ugmadpr`ssè vjeà thct hcs c ectc rct` af 3?5D`lcoyt`s p`r s`mage'

Mcgapus pravje`s twa wcys yau mcg dcb` us` af th`jr HS mae`m'

3' Jf yau hcv` c paw`rfuk madput`r kjb` c euck ='5LHz Xàg syst`d+yau mcg mcptur` HEV+ vjc j'KJGB+ cge magv`rt jt ta HS jg r`cktjdèurjgl th` mcptur`' Uhjs js th` aptjdck wcy af usjgl HS'

?' Jf yau ea gat hcv` c paw`rfuk madput`r+ us` @EJP] ^_A = ta

cmqujr` HEV vjc j'KJGB' Uh` Gctjv` HEV mkjps cr` th`g erappè jgtac Ujd`kjg` thct js `xpartè ta cg HS davj`' Zau wjkk th`g jdpartthjs davj` jgta @EJP] ^_A cge trjd jt jgta mkjps thct cr` pkcmè jgtac g`w Ujd`kjg`'

Mcgapus suppkj`s faur praeumts thct suppart oath Gctjv` cge HS mae`mèjtjgl'

Ø Mcgapus ‛GX far HEV— jgmkue`s c ^MJ oacre thct pravje`s faurfugmtjags9 J'KJGB J!A part far EV!EVMCD+ c s`mage J'KJGB part agth` jgmkueè ‛HEV @xpcgsjag Bjt— supparts <?>p=> cge

3>8>j0>!3>8>j6> HEV jgput (<?>p=> mcggat+ haw`v`r+ o` autput*+madpasjt` cge ]$vjeà jgput wjth ugockcgmè cueja jgput+ pkusmadpasjt` cge ]$vjeà autput wjth ugockcgmè cueja autput' C0'?0$jgmh fragt$pcg`k ocy js jgmkueè wjth th` HEV @xpcgsjag Bjt'Uh` GX cgckal magg`mtjags ckkaw yau ta warb wjth cgy bjge af ]Evjeà'

Ø Uh` Mcgapus ]^ cees ]E cgckal madpag`gt jgput+ ockcgmè cuejaJ!A (XK_*+ cge VU_ magtrak vjc _]$5?? magv`rsjag'

Ø Uh` Mcgapus ]E \arbstctjag cees ]EJ jgput cge autput'

Ø Uh` Mcgapus HE \arbstctjag cees HE$]EJ jgput cge autput'

GX far HEV (ar ]E far HEV* js th` dast kjb`ky praeumt ta o` usè farèjtjgl HEV'

GX jgmkue`s cg HEV @xpcgsjag Bjt thct pravje`s cgckal madpag`gt ]Ecge HE (3>8>j agky* autput vjc Zô^r' Uh` oacre hcs hcrewcr`$ocsèkjg`$smckjgl thct magv`rts 355>x3>8> r`sakutjag af 3>8>j (HEV cgeHS* ta 3:?>x3>8>' \jth ath`r èjtjgl syst`ds+ kjg`$smckjgl js hcgekèoy th` M^P+ whjmh r`strjmts r`cktjd` èjtjgl p`rfardcgm`'

@EJP] GX far HEV cksa supparts vjeà av`rkcy usjgl Ejr`mt D`daryCmm`ss (EDC*'

Dagjtarjgl HE @ejtjgl ]jeòcr

EV èjtars cr` usè ta o`jgl cok` ta dagjtar th`jr warb ag cg GU]M ar^CK dagjtar magg`mtè ta c EV mcdmare`r ar e`mb' Uh` EV e`vjm` js fè

frad cg j'KJGB part ag yaur madput`r' Dast GK@s+ ruggjgl ag c fcstmadput`r+ cr` cok` ta saftwcr` madpr`ss th` pkcyocmb vjeà cge s`ge jtaut th` j'KJGB part'

\jth HEV GK@s+ thjs aptjag js gat cvcjkcok` o`mcus` saftwcr` D^@L$?`gmaejgl js taa madput` jgt`gsjv`' Uwa sakutjags cr` cvcjkcok`'

Uh` Mcgapus GX suppkj`s cg HE cgckal madpag`gt f`è ta yaur HEdagjtar' Uhjs mcpcojkjty js cksa pravjeè oy th` CIC cge E`mbKjgb oacres'

]ad` lrcphjms oacres+ sumh cs th` Dctrax ^crh`kjc C^V`+ hcv` th`

mcpcojkjty ta aotcjg cg GK@‚s HE vjeà ouff`r cge autput jt cs cg HE EVJsjlgck cge!ar Zô^r cgckal madpag`gt sjlgck'

O` sur` ta mh`mb wjth ckk v`gears af th` praeumts yau pkcg ta purmhcs` tae`t`rdjg` jf thjs fugmtjagckjty js r`kjcoky suppartè oy ckk praeumts'

Jt js vjtck thct yau dagjtar HE vjeà ag cg HE dagjtar thct us`s cg JUP_`m' <>: makarspcm`' Zau mcggat eawgmagv`rt ta ]E cge vj`w jt ag cdagjtar thct supparts c JUP _`m' 6>3 makar spcm`'

Far thas` warbjgl wjth EV (p`rhcps eawgmagv`rtè frad HEV* GXf`ctur`s c hcrewcr` EV mae`m thct r`kj`v`s th` M^P frad hcgekjgl th`tcsb af r`ge`rjgl c EV autput str`cd' GX cksa hcs c praprj`tcry

hcrewcr` cge e`vjm` magtrak erjv`r thct supparts frcd`$cmmurct`mcptur` cge autput ta EV e`vjm`s' Frcd`$cmmurct` magtrak d`cgs GXmcg autput vjeà ocmb ta cg `xcmt kamctjag ag EV tcp`+ far p`rf`mtjgs`rt r`marejgl'

Oath GX cge @EJP] ^_A hcv` c ‛Mae`m Aptjag— thct jgmkue`s EVM^_A0> cge EVM^_A HE saftwcr` 59?9? mae`ms e`v`kapè jg makkcoarctjagwjth ^cgcsagjm' Uh` Mae`m Aptjag+ supparts madpr`ssè mcptur` cs

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?>< 0!3>!3=

w`kk cs madpr`ssè prjgt”ta$tcp` usjgl th` ^cgcsagjm CI$HE3?>>CEVM^_A HE VU_' (Uhjs `gcok`s yau ta `csjky autput yaur HEVpraeumtjag ta c r`gtè CI$HE3?>>C'* Oath 3>8>j0> cge 3>8>j6> cr`trcgsf`rrè usjgl `jth`r cg AHMJ J'KJGB part ar th` J'KJGB part ag th`@EJP] GX @xpcgsjag Bjt'

Uh` Ucok` o`kaw shaws th` mae`ms cvcjkcok` ta th` cgckal cge ejljtckparts af th` GX'

@EJP] ^_A 5EV?0 vjc

AHMJFjr`\jr`

G!CEV0>!EV3>>

vjc AHMJFjr`\jr`

HEV vjcAHMJ

Fjr`\jr`

GX FA_ HEVEV?0 vjc

GX Fjr`\jr`Madpasjt`

]$vjeà

EV0>!EV3>>vjc AHMJFjr`\jr`

HEV vjcAHMJ

Fjr`\jr`

EV cge EVMCD Z Z G G

EVM^_A0> G G Z G

EVM^_A HE G G Z G

8$ojt Pgmadpr`ssè G Z G G

Mcgapus Kassk`ss G Z G G

D^@L$3 ! D^@L$? Z Z G G

HEV G G G Z

HS Mae`m G Z G Z

\h`g EV?0 vjeà (jgmkuejgl ?5p* js mcpturè+ jt mcg o` starè ejr`mtkyta ejsb+ `xcmtky cs wjth cgy gctjv` EV sakutjag―ar `gmaeè ta D^@L$3ar D^@L$?' Ckk str`cds cr` e`madpr`ssè ta 8$ojt 59?9?ugmadpr`ssè ejljtck vjeà wh`g `ff`mts cr` `gmaugt`rè'

\h`g yau mhas` cgckal jgput+ jt js ejljtjzè ta 8$ojt ejljtck vjeà thctmcg o` starè cs 8$ojt ugmadpr`ssè vjeà2 madpr`ssè oy chcrewcr` EV mae`m ta EV?02 madpr`ssè ta th` Mcgapus Kassk`ssmae`m2 `gmaeè ta D^@L$3 ar D^@L$?2 ar madpr`ssè cs ]E ta th`Mcgapus HS mae`m'

\hjk` oath 8$ojt ugmadpr`ssè cgckal vjeà cge 8$ojt ugmadpr`ssèr`ge`rjgl aff`r v`ry hjlh quckjty+ thas` wha e`dcge th` quckjtypravjeè oy 3>$ojt ugmadpr`ssè vjeà wjkk o` ejscppajgtè ta k`crgthjs mcpcojkjty js gat cvcjkcok` frad Mcgapus'





\h`g `jth`r EVM^_A0> ar EVM^_A HE js mcpturè vjc Fjr`\jr`+ jt jsstarè ejr`mtky ta ejsb' Jt mcggat o` trcgsmaeè ta ar frad cgy ath`rmae`m eurjgl mcptur`'

Ag` kcst jdpartcgt pajgt+ th` GX cge ]^ hcrewcr` erjv`rs cr` cvcjkcok`

far ^r`dj`r` ^ra' ]a jf yau wauke pr`f`r ta us` th` Ceao` GK@ rcth`rthcg @EPJ] ^_A―yau mcg'

Ua mcptur` HEV cge magv`rt cutadctjmckky ta th` HS mae`m+ yau us`th` @EJP] ^_A 5 D^@LMcptur` Uaak' Uh` McpturÙaak supparts g`jth`rkal gar octmh mcptur`' C ‛sm`g` e`t`mt— fugmtjag js gat cvcjkcok`' ]`tMcptur` Uyp` dae` ta ‛Mcgapus HS CVJ'— Haw`v`r+ ugk`ss yau hcv` ceuck Xàg ='?LHz syst`d+ yau mcggat magv`rt eurjgl mcptur`'

Cmmarejgl ta Mcgapus+ c euck Xàg ='?LHz syst`d wjth _CJE+ mcgr`cktjd` èjt up ta = str`cds af 3>8>j6> HS'

\h`g yau hcv` k`ss thcg c euck Xàg syst`d+ sumh cs c ='?LHz^`gtjud 5+ fjrst mcptur` HEV cge th`g magv`rt jt ta HS' Ua cmmadpkjshthjs yau fjrst us` th` D^@LMcptur` Uaak ta cmqujr` HEV vjc j'KJGB jgtac Ojg' ]`mage+ yau us` `jth`r ]`k`mt Ckk mkjps cge erap th`d jgta thÙjd`kjg`―ar pr`vj`w `cmh mkjp cge erap agky th` e`sjrcok` mkjps jgtath` Ujd`kjg`' Uhjre+ yau `xpart th` Ujd`kjg` cs cg HS davj`' C 3>8>jmcg o` magv`rtè ta 355>x3>8> HS ct c ?'093 rctja' G`xt+ yau jdpartth` HS davj` jgta @EJP] ^_A cge trjd jt jgta mkjps thct yau pkcm` jgtac Ujd`kjg`'

Ejscok` ‛]tap pkcyocmb ct Frcd` Erap— sa yau mcg aotcjg dcxjdudp`rfardcgm`+ `v`g thaulh frcd`s dcy o` erappè'

Ø C sjglk` 3>8>j HS str`cd pkcys p`rf`mtky' ]tctjm tjtk`s (wjth fce`$jg!aut* mcg o` pkcyè jg r`cktjd` cs mcg mkjps wjth Dagatag`+ \hjtÒckcgm` (thr`` makar$wh``ks*+ cge ZPV Murv` (lcddc murv`* fjkt`rs'

Ø Uh`s` trcgsjtjags+ up ta 5$s`mages kagl+ pkcy p`rf`mtky9 Ejssakv`+Oax+ Mjrmk`+ cge ]kje`' C Mkamb \jp` js kjdjtè ta =$s`mages'

Ø \h`g oath mkjps cr` makar marr`mtè (\hjt` Ockcgm` fjkt`r*+ c

Ejssakv`+ Oax+ Mjrmk`+ cge ]kje` trcgsjtjag js gaw kjdjtè ta agky ?$s`mages'

Ø Faur ugmarr`mtè str`cds mcg o` sup`rjdpasè'

Ø Mhradc$b`ys cksa fugmtjag jg r`cktjd`'

Ø @xpart ta 3>8>j6> HEV r`qujr`s c 693 tjd`$rctja'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?>: 0!3>!3=

âjgts ta Magsje`r9 Eurjgl mcptur` cge magv`rsjag af HEV ta cgjgt`rdèjct` mae`m+ oath M^P cge hcre ejsb hcv` h`cvy kaces

pkcmè upag th`d' Uh` M^P dust oath e`mae` D^@L$? cgemadpr`ss th` ejljtck vjeà jgta th` jgt`rdèjct` mae`m' Uh` ejsbsyst`d dust sjduktcgàusky hcgek` thr`` ectc str`cds9 wrjt`

mcpturè HEV ta c ejsb ouff`r2 r`ce th` ejsb ouff`r ta th` D^@L$?e`mae`r2 cge wrjt` th` jgt`rdèjct` mae`m ocmb ta c ejsb fjk`' Uh`jgt`rdèjct` ectc cr` dcgy tjd`s lr`ct`r jg oukb thcg th` arjljgckHEV dct`rjck'

\h`g c Ujd`kjg` pkcys+ th` ejsb syst`d dust r`ce ckk th` str`cdsaf jgt`rdèjct` mae`m ectc' Far duktjstr`cd èjtjgl+ thjs dcyr`qujr` c _CJE'

@ejtjgl wjth th` Cvje EGxHE Mae`m

Cvje hcs jt‚s awg jgt`rdèjct` mae`m mckkè ‛EGxHE'— Cvje r`malgjzè

thct whjk` usjgl ugmadpr`ssè HE vjeà far èjtjgl b``ps vjeà ct jtsarjljgck quckjty+ o`mcus` af th` dcssjv` ectc ocgewjeth+ sustcjgjglstcok` p`rfardcgm` js c ejffjmukt' Daràv`r+ r`ge`rjgl ugmadpr`ssèjdcl`s far FX r`sukts wcstè tjd`+ whjmh dcb`s ugmadpr`ssè èjtjglsyst`ds k`ss cpp`ckjgl'

Uh` EGxHE Mae`m aff`rs vcrjcok` madpr`ssjag rct`s (08Dops ta??>Dops* cge ap`rct`s wjth `jth`r 8$ojts ar 3>$ojts' Jg ckk mcs`s th`fukk rcst`r sjz` (3:?>x3>8> cge 3?8>x<?>* js suppartè'

HEV mcg o` trcgsmaeè ta EGxHE”U_ 350 (3>8>j0:':5* cge EGxHE”

U_ 3?> (3>8>j0>*' Uh` trcgsmae` mcg o` p`rfardè eurjgl th` mcpturàf HEV'

Zau mcg djx th` fakkawjgl fardcts jg c Ujd`kjg` cs kagl cs th`y hcv`th` scd` tjdòcs`9 3>8>j6> HEV+ 3>8>j6> EGxHE$U_ 350+ 3>8>j6>EVM^_A HE+ cge ckk =>j GU]M r`sakutjags2 ar 3>8>j0> HEV+ 3>8>j0>EGxHE$U_ 3?>+ 3>8>j0> EVM^_A HE+ cge ckk ?0j ^CK r`sakutjags'Aovjausky+ 369: cgcdarphjm GU]M cge ^CK cr` th` `csj`st tajgmarparct` jgta cg HE Ujd`kjg`'

\hjk` c Daia dust o` turgè aff eurjgl HEV mcptur`+ wh`g èjtjgl yaumcg autput GU]M cge ^CK frad 3>8>j6> cge 3>8>j0>+ r`sp`mtjv`ky+ vjcDaia'

Ua r`mare vjeà ta cg HEV e`vjm`+ th` EGxHE Ujd`kjg` dust o`trcgsmaeè ta HEV' Jt js th`g wrjtt`g ta tcp` vjc Fjr`\jr`+ out gat oyth` Ejljtck Mut fugmtjag' Uhjs d`cgs yau mcggat Css`dok` (stcrttjd`mae`* ar Jgs`rt (stcrt cge `ge tjd`mae`s* èjt HEV ta tcp`'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?3> 0!3>!3=

HEV ta HE$]EJ usjgl cg CIC Magv`rt`r

Ckk th` mcptur` sakutjags pr`s`gt ta thjs pajgt trcgsf`r HEV vjc j'KJGB'Haw`v`r+ cg ckt`rgctjv` js ta ckkaw cg HEV e`vjm` ta e`mae` th` <?>par 3>8>j vjeà ta cgckal madpag`gt HE vjeà (Zô^r*' Uh` fakkawjglfrcd` rct`s cr` autput e`p`gejgl ag th` HEV praeumt9 <?>p?0+<?>p0:':5+ <?>p6>+ 3>8>j0>+ 3>8>j0:':5+ cge 3>8>j6>'

HEMCD cge EVM^_A HE VU_‚s autput HE$]EJ (]DÛ@ ?:?D*' HE$]EJjs c t`mhgakaly af s`gejgl ugmadpr`ssè 59?9? ejljtck vjeà cge+aptjagckky+ ejljtck cueja+ cgmjkkcry cge d`tc$ectc ct `jth`r 3'580Lops(6>Hz* ar 3'580!3'>>3Lops (0:':5Hz*' ]p`mjfjmckky+ c ]DÛ@ ?:?Dojtstr`cd madprjs`s twa jgt`rk`cvè str`cds+ ag` magtcjgjgl 3>$ojtkudjgcgm` ( Z* scdpk`s+ th` ath`r 3>$ojt mhradjgcgm` (MoMr *scdpk`s' Oath 3>8>j cge <?>p cr` suppartè'

C tjgy HE3>C magv`rt`r frad CIC cmm`pts Zô^r cgckal vjc thr`` OGM icmbs' Uh` HE3>C ejljtjz`s th` cgckal jgput cge th`g magv`rts jt ta cojt$str`cd thct js cvcjkcok` ag thr`` OGM HE$]EJ autput icmbs' G`xt+yau magg`mt th` HE3>C‚s OGM autput ta c Bagc HE+ Bagc HE ?+ arOkcmbdcljm ^ra ^MJ oacre‚s jgput OGM usjgl c hjlh$quckjty <0$ahdmacx mcok`'

Pgmadpr`ssè Vjeà9 Uh`r` cr` twa cevcgtcl`s af warbjgl wjthugmadpr`ssè vjeà' \h`g mr`ctjgl praeumtjags wjth suostcgtjck

b`yjgl cge madpasjtjgl+ 8$ojt 59?9? ugmadpr`ssè aff`rs th` thjre$o`st quckjty passjok`' Oy davjgl$up ta 3>$ojt 59?9? ugmadpr`ssè

th` ‛ocgejgl— thct mcg ammur wjth 8$ojt vjeà js `kjdjgctè' (]``Mhcpt`r 3 far dar` jgfardctjag'* Uh` o`st quckjty cvcjkcok` taecy js3>$ojt kal _LO 59595 ugmadpr`ssè vjeà' Uhjs quckjty js cvcjkcok`frad Okcmbdcljm cge CIC praeumts usjgl c pcjr af HE$]EJ mcok`s'

Haw`v`r+ w` hcv` gat tckbè coaut haw HEV cueja wjkk o` ejljtjzè―cge haw cg HEV mcdmare`r ar e`mb wjkk o` magtrakkè' Uh`r` cr` twackt`rgctjv`s'

Cgckal Cueja wjth Ga Magtrak

Magg`mt c st`rà mcok` o`tw``g c mcdmare`r ar c e`mb‚s cgckal autputta yaur madput`r‚s cgckal jgput' (Zau wjkk g`è c mcok` thct t`rdjgct`sjg c 3!8$jgmh st`rà djgj$pkul'* Ckt`rgct`ky+ magg`mt c mcok` o`tw``gth` mcdmare`r ar e`mb‚s `crphag` icmb cge yaur madput`r‚s cgckalst`rà jgput' Gaw eupkjmct`+ cge th`g èjt+ th` jgput mcre‚s McpturÙ`dpkct`s thct yau wcgt ta us`' ]`t SujmbUjd` Cueja ]`ttjgl ta Oujkt$





jg Cueja cge th` E`vjm` ta Kjg` Jg' Zau dust cksa s`t E`vjm` Magtrak taGag$Magtrakkcok` E`vjm` wjthjg th` Mcptur` U`dpkct`'

Cgckal Cueja wjth j'KJGB Magtrak

Magg`mt th` HEV e`vjm` ta yaur madput`r,s j'KJGB part' Jf th`

mcdmare`r mcg autput EV?0 vjc j'KJGB+ dcb` thct s`ttjgl vjc th`d`gu' \hjk` w` cr` gat lajgl ta us` th` EV vjeà+ w` cr` lajgl taus` th` j'KJGB pcth ta pravje` trcgspart magtrak cge tjd`mae`' Zaudust cksa s`t E`vjm` Magtrak ta Magtrakkcok` E`vjm` wjthjg th` McpturÙ`dpkct`'

Okcmbdcljm E`mbKjgb HE

K`t‚s kaab dar` mkas`ky ct ag` af th` oacres thct mcg o` usè taejljtjz` vjeà crrjvjgl vjc HE$]EJ' Okcmbdcljm mkcjds E`mbKjgb HE ^rajs th` fjrst vjeà mcptur` mcre ta us` 3==DHz ^MJ$X t`mhgakaly'

Okcmbdcljm E`mbKjgb HE ^ra

Far HE warb ag c âw`rDcm+ th` E`mbKjgb shauke o` pkullè jgta c3==DHz ^MJ$X skat' Far HE èjtjgl ag c ^M+ jt dust o` pkullè jgta c65$ojt ^MJ$X skat ruggjgl ct `jth`r 3>>DHz ar 3==DHz' Erjv`rs faroath A] X (FM^ 0* cge Djmrasaft \jgeaws (^r`dj`r` ^ra cge V`lcs 6*cr` suppkjè' Dèjc fjk`s cr` madpctjok` o`tw``g pkctfards'Okcmbdcljm hcs r`k`csè cg ]E E`mbKjgb @xtr`d` ^MJ` mcre farmadput`rs wjth ^MJ` skats' Cg HE v`rsjag js kjb`ky ta fakkaw'

@v`ry E`mbKjgb oacre hcs c 3>$ojt ]EJ jgput―suppartè oy c OGMmagg`mtar' Uhjs jgput js swjtmhcok` o`tw``g ]DÛ@$?0:D (]EJ* cge]DÛ@$?:?D HE (HE$]EJ*' Pp ta `jlht 58BHz (36$ojt* `doèeècueja mhcgg`ks mcg o` mcrrjè wjthjg `jth`r cg ]EJ ar HE$]EJmagg`mtjag' Zau magg`mt yaur e`mb ta thjs part' Ga sygm l`g`rctarr`qujrè cs E`mbKjgb l`g`rct`s sygm'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?3? 0!3>!3=

Uwa OGM magg`mtars autput 3>$ojt ]EJ ar HE$]EJ sjlgcks' Ag`magg`mtar pravje`s c sjlgck ta yaur dagjtar whjk` th` ath`r pravje`s cf`è ta yaur e`mb' Oath parts mcrry up ta `jlht 58BHz (36$ojt*`doèeè cueja mhcgg`ks' \h`g yau pkcy c tjd`kjg`+ ugmadpr`ssèHE vjeà mcg o` eawgmagv`rtè jg r`cktjd` ta stcgecre e`fjgjtjag' Uh`

369: vjeà js autput cs cgcdarphjm vjeà'Uh` E`mbKjgb HE ^ra jgputs+ vjc HE$]EJ+ th`s` sjlgck 3>8>j fardcts9?=':8fps+ ?5fps+ ?0fps+ cge ?:':<fps' Oath 0:':5fps cge 6>fps <?>psjlgck fardcts cr` cmm`ptè'

Ppag HE jgput+ th` ugmadpr`ssè ejljtck vjeà mcg o` starè ta ejsbusjgl th` fakkawjgl mae`ms9 Agkjg` I^@L (gat cvcjkcok` wjth <?>psjlgcks cge gat th` scd` cs Cppk`‚s _U @xtr`d` ^hata$I^@L*+Okcmbdcljm ugmadpr`ssè 8$ojt+ Okcmbdcljm ugmadpr`ssè 3>$ojt+ cge3>$ojt _LO 59595'

Ceejtjagckky+ th` jgmadjgl vjeà mcg o` starè ta ejsb usjgl thÒkcmbdcljm EVM^_A HE mae`m ct <?>p0:':5+ <?>p6>+ 3>8>j?=':8+3>8>j?5+ 3>8>j?0+ cge 3>8>j?:':<' Uh` E`mbKjgb oacres mcg autputth`s` ejljtck fardcts9 GU]M cge ^CK vjc ]EJ+ pkus th` <?>p cge 3>8>jvjc HE$]EJ' (C euck ?'0LHz L0 syst`d js r`qujrè ta ejljtjz` taEVM^_A HE'*

Uh` Okcmbdcljm oacres hcv` s`v`rck ath`r mcpcojkjtj`s' Zau mcg autputvjeà frad gag$SujmbUjd` cppkjmctjags sumh cs Ceao` ^hatashap'_`cktjd` _CD pr`vj`w js suppartè jg Ceao` Cft`r @ff`mts+ Cppk`

]hcb`+ cge Ejsmr``t Madoustjag' Zau mcg cksa r`ge`r frad Ceao`Cft`r @ff`mts cge Fjgck Mut ^ra usjgl th` Okcmbdcljm 65$ojt (3>$ojts p`rmhcgg`k* _LO mae`m'

Uh`r`far`+ yau mcg orjgl ugmadpr`ssè 3>$ojt quckjty vjeà fradEjljtck O`tcmcd cge E$0 jgta Cft`r @ff`mts cge th`g r`ge`r$aut v`ryhjlh$quckjty jdcl`s'

Uh` E`mbKjgb ^ra hcs c or`cbaut mcok` thct pravje`s thr`` OGMmagg`mtars thct suppky _LO ar Zô^r 35$ojt ]E!HE cgckal madpag`gtautput' Zau wjkk us` th`s` magg`mtjags ta f`è cg ]E ar HE dagjtar+

prai`mtar+ ar fkct$smr``g ejspkcy'

Agm` yaur praeumtjag js èjtè+ th`r` cr` dcgy `xpart aptjags' CEVM^_A HE tjd`kjg` mcg+ af maurs`+ o` autput vjc J'KJGB ta c^cgcsagjm CI$HE3?>>C VU_' C tjd`kjg`+ ga dctt`r whct HE mae`m yauusè+ mcg o` autput vjc th` HE$]EJ part' Ckt`rgct`ky+ cg GU]M ar ^CK




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?3= 0!3>!3=

v`rsjag mcg o` r`cktjd` eawgmagv`rtè cge autput vjc ]EJ frad c3>8>j0:':5 ar 3>8>j0> tjd`kjg`+ r`sp`mtjv`ky'

Ga dctt`r th` magt`gt af th` tjd`kjg`+ jt mcg o` `xpartè ta cgySujmbUjd` HE mae`m' Af maurs`+ `xparts mcg jgmkue` eawg$magv`rsjag

ta cgy SujmbUjd` ]E mae`m' Madpr`ssar mcg o` usè ta mr`ct` GU]Mcge ^CK EVE praeumtjags'

CIC Bagc ? cge Bagc KH

Uh` fjrst l`g`rctjag Bagc ^MJ oacre wcs e`sjlgè cge oujkt oy CIC+out th` saftwcr` wcs cg A@D purmhcs` frad Okcmbdcljm'

Jg mr`ctjgl th` Bagc ?+ CIC e`mjeè th`y wcgtè ta hcv` th` e`lr`` af magtrak thct mad`s frad mr`ctjgl th`jr awg saftwcr`' Uh` Bagc ? js c^MJ$X 3==DHz oacre thct supparts 8>>DO!s`mage ocgewjeth frad th`hast d`dary ta!frad th` EE_ vjeà d`dary ag$oacre'

Uwa OGM magg`mtars suppart thr`` typ`s af jgputs9 ]E$]EJ+ HE$]EJ+cge Euck Kjgb HE$]EJ' Euck Kjgb us`s twa ma$cx mcok`s ta magg`mt ta c]agy VU_ thct supparts HEMCD$]_' @cmh mcok` mcrrj`s 5>>DO!s`magefar cg cllr`lct` trcgsf`r rct` af 8>>DO!s`mage' Murr`gtky E`mb Kjgb jsusè far 3>$ojt 59595 3:?>x3>8> jgt`rkcm` vjeà'

CIC Bagc ? Oacre

Uhr`` cgckal OGM autput magg`mtars suppart c rcgl` af aptjags9Madpasjt` cgckal ]E vjc ag` OGM+ ar ]$vjeà ]E vjc twa OGMs+ arcgckal madpag`gt ]E!HE vjc = OGMs' Bagc ? cksa pravje`s twa ]E$]EJ!HE$]EJ vjeà autputs' @cmh autput magg`mtjag js jge`p`ge`gtkyswjtmhcok` o`tw``g ]E cge HE' (Oath OGM magg`mtars cr` usè farEuck Kjgb autput'*

CIC hcs r`k`csè th` BAGC KH oacre thct js cvcjkcok` jg oath ^MJcge ^MJ` dae`ks' Jt js c 3>$ojt Pgmadpr`ssè ]E!HE SujmbUjd`Mcptur` Mcre thct f`ctur`s 3?$ojt HE Cgckal Madpag`gt Autput cgeJgput' Ga magv`rsjag oax js r`qujrè'

Bagc ? cge Bagc KH suppart 8$mhcgg`k+ ?5$ojt 58bHz C@] cueja vjcfaur XK_ magg`mtjags+ cs w`kk cs 8$mhcgg`k `doèeè ?5$ojt 58bHz`doèeè ]E$]EJ!HE$]EJ cueja'

Uh` oacres cksa jgmkue` c OGM far _`f`r`gm` Jgput (ckthaulh gag` jsr`qujrè* cge c :$pjg E magg`mtar far _]$5?? dcmhjg` magtrak'

Uh` CIC B$Oax far Bagc ? cge Bagc KH sjdpkjfj`s jgt`rfcmjgl oyaff`rjgl c 3:$jgmh+ rcmb$daugtcok` or`cbaut oax thct cttcmh`s ta th`Bagc ? ar Bagc KH wjth iust twa mcok`s' Uh` B$oax pravje`sugockcgmè cueja autput' Frcgbky+ far warbjgl wjth HEV mcdmare`rs

cge e`mbs+ ugockcgmè cueja jgput wauke o` jgfjgjt`ky dar` vckucok`'

Bagc ? cge Bagc KH ejljtjz` ]E ar HE ta cgy 8$ojt cge 3>$ojtugmadpr`ssè ]E ar HE fardct' Fardcts suppartè jgmkue`90?0j?:':<+ 6?0j?0+ <?>p0:':5+ <?>p6>+ 3>8>j?0+ 3>8>j?:':<+3>8>psf?=':8+ cge 3>8>psf?5'

Bagc ? cge Bagc KH hcv` hcrewcr` ta suppart mcptur` frad HE$]EJta th` <?>p (:6>x<?>*+ 3>8>j (3?8>x3>8>*+ cge 3>8>j (3:?>x3>8>

squcr` pjx`k* EVM^_A HE mae`ms' C EVM^_A HE mae`m―pravje`sagkjg` HE quckjty ct r`dcrbcoky kaw ectc rct`s+ ckkawjgl th` jgt`rgckâw`rDcm ]CUC starcl` ta o` usè far HE mcptur` cge pkcyocmb+ csw`kk cs _U `ff`mts'

Zau mcg us` EVM^_A HE cs `jth`r cg ag$kjg` ar aff$kjg` (ercft* mae`m'Jt js cg je`ck ercft mae`m o`mcus` 3:?>x3>8> saurm` dct`rjck r`qujr`sagky ?=DO!s`mage' Uhjs ckkaws cg `gardaus cdaugt af saurm` dct`rjck





ta o` starè ag c _CJE' \`r` yau ta us` 8$ojt ugmadpr`ssè2 th`trcgsf`r rct` wauke o` 3?5DO!s`mage' Cft`r èjtjgl+ th` mkjps usè jgth` Ujd`kjg` cr` octmh$r`mcpturè ta `jth`r 8$ojt ar 3>$ojtugmadpr`ssè vjeà'

Bagc ? cge Bagc KH suppart Cppk`‚s Fjgck Mut ^ra+ Ceao` Cft`r @ff`mts+Ceao` ^hatashap+ Cppk` Datjag+ Cppk` ]hcb`+ cge Ejsmr``tMadoustjag'

Oath oacres hcv` hcrewcr` thct tcb`s c partjag af th` EVM^_A HEmae`m$pram`ssjgl kace aff th` M^P+ ckkawjgl dar` _`ck Ujd` `ff`mts jgFjgck Mut ^ra 0 wh`g autputtjgl ta HE$]EJ'

âjgts ta Magsje`r9 Eurjgl mcptur` cge magv`rsjag af HEV ta cgugmadpr`ssè mae`m+ th` hcre ejsb hcs h`cvy wrjt` kace o`mcus`

af th` oukb af th` ugmadpr`ssè ectc'

\h`g c Ujd`kjg` pkcys+ th` ejsb syst`d dust r`ce ckk th` str`cds

af ugmadpr`ssè ectc' Uhct js why c _CJE js r`qujrè'

Gctjv` HEV @ejtjgl

\jgeaws$ocsè GK@s thct mcg ejr`mtky mcptur` cge èjt HEV jgmkue`BEEJ‚s D^@L @ejt ]tueja ^ra K@ V3'? GK@ thct js suppkjè wjth th` IVMHE3 cge HE3> mcdmare`r‚s+ BEEJ‚s D^@L @ejt ]tueja ^ra ?'>(http9!!cvs'beekcos'ma'ip!`g!dp`l!dpra!?>!shjgbjgau'htd*+Cvje!^jggcmk` Kjquje @ejtjag+ Mcgapus @EJP] ^_A+ D^@L @ejt ]tueja

^ra+ Fjgck Mut ^ra+ cge Cvje Xpr`ss ^ra HE'@ejtjgl Gctjv` Mkasè D^@L$?

\h`g twa ceicm`gt D^@L$? mkjps cr` trjddè+ ag` ar oath af th` LA^scr` shart`gè' Uhjs mr`ct`s twa ejk`ddcs' Fjrst+ jgfardctjag kast frade`k`tè J$+ ^$+ cge O$frcd`s dcy mcus` praok`ds' K`t‚s kaab ct co`gjlg e`k`tjag' Uh` fakkawjgl 30 frcd`s LA^+ JOOÔOÔOÔOÔO jsmut ta agky th` J frcd`' Cgath`r o`gjlg e`k`tjag9 trjdJOOÔOÔOÔOÔO ta JOOÔOÔOÔO^' Uh` e`k`tè twa O$frcd`shcv` ga `ff`mt ag th` pr`mèjgl frcd`s'

Haw`v`r+ th` fakkawjgl trjd wjkk mcus` th` kass af vjeà jgfardctjag9JOOÔOÔOÔOÔO js mut ta JOOÔO' Uh` e`k`tè ^$frcd` r`dav`smrjtjmck jgfardctjag frad th` twa `ge O$frcd`s'

Uh` sjdpk`st sakutjag js ta tcb` ckk th` J+ ^+ O frcd`s jg th` LA^so`far` trjddjgl cge magv`rt th`d ta c s`rj`s af J$frcd`s' Uh`g th`g`m`sscry frcd`s r`davè+ cge `jth`r c g`w kagl`r thcg usuck LA^ ar





ag` ar twa shart`r thcg usuck LA^s mcg o` l`g`rctè' Haw`v`r+sakutjags thct `jth`r jgmr`cs` th` gudo`r af J$frcd`s ar e`mr`cs` th`gudo`r af frcd`s thct `xjst o`tw``g J$frcd`s mcg mr`ct` praok`ds'

Hcgekjgl c shart LA^

]jgm` J$frcd`s magtcjg r`kctjv`ky hul` mhugbs af ectc+ jf cft`r c trjd+J$frcd`s ammur taa mkas`ky tal`th`r+ th` r`sukt dcy o` c dcssjv` ourstaf ectc thct mcg t`dparcrjky av`rkace th` magstcgt ojt rct` (MO_* tcp`r`marejgl syst`d' Daràv`r+ LA^s thct cr` taa shart dcy o` jkk`lck'

Hcgekjgl c kagl LA^

]akutjags thct jgmr`cs` th` k`glth af c LA^ mcg mr`ct` c praok`d farD^@L$? e`mae`rs' C e`mae`r dust b``p c d`dary ouff`r far ct k`cstth` gudo`r af frcd`s jg th` fardct,s LA^ k`glth' C kagl`r thcg k`lckLA^ mcg mcus` c e`maejgl praok`d'

]akvjgl th` LA^ praok`d9 ]dcrt LA^ ]pkjmjgl Ag` passjok` cppracmh js ta magv`rt th` twa ‛ta o` trjddè— LA^s ta cs`rj`s af J$frcd`s thct cr` pkcmè jg c ouff`r' Uh`g th` trjd jsp`rfardè ag th` twa LA^s' Uh` r`suktjgl pctt`rg af J+ ^+ cge Ofrcd`s js kaabè$up jg c pr`$oujkt tcok`'

Uhjs tcok` th`g autputs c g`w ‛aptjdud— pctt`rg af J+ ^+ cge O frcd`sthct g`jth`r av`rkaces th` r`marejgl syst`d gar mr`ct`s kagl`r!shart`rthcg k`lck LA^(s*' Gaw+ th` J$frcd` ouff`r js `gmaeè fakkawjgl thàptjdck LA^(s* pctt`rg' Far `xcdpk`+ c pctt`rg sumh cs JOOJOO$J ckkaws th` ouff`r jg th` r`marejgl syst`d ta sdaath aut th` hul` J$frcd` ourst o`mcus` jt js fakkawè oy th` r`kctjv`ky sdckk cdaugts af ectc h`ke jg th` twa fakkawjgl O$frcd`s'

Uyp`s af Gctjv` HEV @ejtjgl

Gctjv` EV èjtjgl d`cgs thct wjth c muts$agky praeumtjag `xcmtky th`scd` ojts cr` autput ta c tcp` cs w`r` jgput frad c tcp`' Ga quckjty jskast' Dcgufcmtur`s af HEV èjtjgl syst`ds+ haw`v`r+ cr` mckkjgl cgyGK@ jg whjmh D^@L$? mkjps cr` pkcmè jgta c Ujd`kjg`―Gctjv`' \hjk` Jmcggat mhcgl` thjs prcmtjm`+ J mcg ck`rt yau ta th` fcmt thct Gctjv` HEVèjtjgl mcg o` cmmadpkjshè thr`` wcys'

C ^sùea$Gctjv` HEV èjtjgl syst`d+ eurjgl mcptur`+ r`ck$tjd`r`pcmbs th` 3>8>j ^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd ta c ^ralrcd]tr`cd' Oy eajgl sa+ cg GK@ thct supparts D^@L$? èjtjgl+ mcg èjtHEV' (D^@L$3 cueja dcy o` e`maeè ta ^MD ta fcmjkjtct` cuejaèjtjgl'* Uh` ^ralrcd ]tr`cd js èjtè jg th` Ujd`kjg`'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?3< 0!3>!3=

C Uru`$Gctjv` HEV èjtar warbs ejr`mtky wjth c ^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry]tr`cd' (Clcjg+ D^@L$3 cueja dcy o` e`maeè ta ^MD ta fcmjkjtct`cueja èjtjgl'* Uh` ]tr`cd js èjtè jg th` Ujd`kjg`' ]dcrt LA^]pkjmjgl fugmtjagckjty hcgek`s mut$pajgts oy `gmaejgl agky ag` ar twag`w LA^s' Uh`r`far`+ `xm`pt ct mut$pajgts cge eurjgl `ff`mts+ ga

D^@L$? frcd`s cr` e`maeè cge `gmaeè' (Jf th` fjrst Ujd`kjg` frcd`js gat cg J$frcd`+ th` fjrst LA^s dust o` r`l`g`rctè ta o`ljg wjth cfukk LA^'* ]dcrt LA^ ]pkjmjgl js c p`rf`mt cgckal af Gctjv` EV èjtjgl'Cvje Kjquje Mhrad` js cg `xcdpk` af c Uru`$Gctjv` HEV èjtar'

Jt js passjok`+ haw`v`r+ far cg HEV GK@ ta kcmb c ]dcrt LA^ ]pkjmjglfugmtjag―thus th` `xpart strct`ly js v`ry ejff`r`gt' Eurjgl `xpart+`v`ry D^@L$? LA^ js e`maeè cge `gmaeè' (Uhjs farm`s th` fjrstUjd`kjg` frcd` ta o` cg J$frcd`'* Uh` g`w vjeà @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd―ckagl wjth th` g`wky `gmaeè D^@L$3 cueja―js pcmbè jgta c g`w^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd' Uhjs pram`ss js aft`g mckkè

‛magfardjgl'— J mckk thjs t`mhgjqu` Sucsj$Gctjv` èjtjgl' @EJP] ^_A+V`lcs 6+ FM^ 0+ cge Xpr`ss ^ra cr` Sucsj$Gctjv` GK@s'

Zau mcg `csjky ejsmav`r whjmh cppracmh yaur GK@ tcb`s' ]jdpkymagfjrd thct jf yau erap c mkjp jgta th` tjd`kjg`+ yau mcg `xpart jt ocmbta yaur HEV mcdmare`r ar e`mb wjth ga magfardjgl r`qujrè'

@ejtjgl Gctjv` HEV

Mcgapus @EJP] ^_A =

Mcgapus r`madd`ges c euck ='5LHz Xàg syst`d wjth 3LO af _CD'

Haw`v`r+ @EJP] ^_A = mcg o` usè ag c ='?LHz ^5 wjth 3LO af _CDcge cg 8>>DHz F]O' Uh` @EJP] ^_A = McpturÙaak g`jth`r suppartskal cge octmh mcptur` mkjps gar js th`r` c ‛sm`g` e`t`mt— fugmtjag'

Cft`r mcpturjgl 3>8>j HEV wjth th` D^@LMcptur` Uaak+ gctjv` mkjpsmcggat o` pkcyè jg `jth`r th` ]aurm` ar Ujd`kjg` dagjtar wh`g th` ‛]tap pkcyocmb ct Frcd` Erap— dae` js `gcokè' Haw`v`r+ yau mcgjssu` ]`ttjgls!^kcyocmb cge ugmh`mb thjs dae`' Aovjausky+ frcd`sdcy gaw o` erappè eurjgl pkcyocmb'

Ø C sjglk`$str`cd af 3>8>j HEV pkcys p`rf`mtky' ]tctjm tjtk`s (wjth

fce`$jg!aut* mcg o` pkcyè jg r`cktjd` cs mcg mkjps wjth Dagatag`(O&\*+ \hjt` Ockcgm` (thr`` makar$wh``ks*+ cge ZPV Murv`(lcddc murv`* fjkt`rs'

Ø Uh` fakkawjgl trcgsjtjags mcg o` pkcyè jg r`cktjd` wjth c eurctjagaf 0$s`mages9 Ejssakv`+ Oax+ cge Mjrmk`' Mkamb \jp` cge ]kje`trcgsjtjags cr` kjdjtè ta =$s`mages'

Ø C =$s`mage Ejssakv` mcg o` ceeè ta makar marr`mtè mkjps'

Ø Mhradc$b`ys mcggat pkcy jg r`cktjd`'

Ø @xpart ta 3>8>j6> HEV r`qujr`s c 693 tjd`$rctja'

]agy V`lcs < ]agy‚s V`lcs < supparts HEV èjtjgl'

Jssu` Aptjags 7 ^r`f`r`gm`s+ mhaas` th` Vjeà tco+ cge ugmh`mbPs` `xt`rgck vjeà mcptur` cppkjmctjag' Ua mcptur` HEV+ us` th`jgt`lrctè Fjk` 7 Mcptur` Vjeà fugmtjag' (Zau mcggat kal cge octmhmcptur` mkjps gar js th`r` c ‛sm`g` e`t`mt— fugmtjag'*

\h`g ckk yaur mkjps hcv` o``g mcpturè+ mr`ct` c g`w HEV ^rai`mt'Jdpart yaur HEV mkjps (mckkè ‛`v`gts— oy ]agy* oy usjgl th` V`lcs@xpkar`r ta fjge th` fake`r magtcjgjgl th` mcpturè fjk`s'

Gaw yau mcg mr`ct` c Ujd`kjg` af Gctjv` HEV mkjps' ]`t pkcyocmb dae`ta Ercft (Cuta*―whjmh ejspkcys c v`ry kaw quckjty 65>x=6> jdcl`'

Ø C Gctjv` 3>8>j HEV Ujd`kjg` pkcys ct up ta ?:':<fps'

Ø Ceejgl c makar marr`mtjag fjkt`r kaw`rs th` frcd`$rct`' Uh` kagl`rth` `ff`mt+ th` kaw`r th` frcd`$rct` fckks'

Ø C 0$s`mage Mkamb \jp` mcus`s pkcyocmb sp`è ta ejp ta coaut =$5fps wjthaut makar marr`mtjag'

Ø \jth makar marr`mtjag+ c 0$s`mage Mkamb \jp` pkcyocmb fckks ta ?$=fps'

Ø Ceejgl c Mhradc$b`y fjkt`r kaw`rs th` frcd`$rct`' Uh` kagl`r th``ff`mt+ th` kaw`r th` frcd`$rct` fckks'

Ua `xpart cg HEV fjk` frad V`lcs <+ jssu` Uaaks 7 ^rjgt Vjeà ta

HEV Ucp`… cge s`k`mt th` HEV e`vjm`' Mkjmb G`xt cge gcd` th` davj`fjk`' Uh` `xpartè fjk` mcg o` s`gt+ usjgl j'KJGB+ ta cg HEV e`vjm`' Uh``xpart tjd` far 3>8>j HEV hcs c 5'093 tjd`$rctja'

Fjgck Mut ^ra 0'3'5 ar 6

Cmmarejgl ta Cppk`+ Fjgck Mut ^ra 0'3'5 ar 6 r`cktjd` `ff`mts jgmkue`9Ceejtjv`!Mrass!Ejp ta Makar+ Fce` Jg!Fce` Aut+ cge Gag$ceejtjvÈjssakv`2 Lcussjcg Okur+ Makar Marr`mtjag (Oracemcst ]cf`+ MakarMarr`mtar+ =$wcy cge _LO ockcgm`+ E`scturct`+ Lcddc Marr`mtjag*+K`v`ks2 Mhradc B`y`r cge ]pjkk ]uppr`ssar'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?3: 0!3>!3=

Gctjv` @ejtjgl ^`rfardcgm` ]jeòcr

Gctjv` èjtjgl gcturckky r`qujr`s c paw`rfuk madput`r―out saftwcr``gljg``rs mcg ea c lr`ct e`ck ta jdprav` èjtjgl p`rfardcm`' Cppk`‚s FjgckMut‚s Eygcdjm _U pravje`s gjg` p`rfardcgm` `ghcgm`d`gts9

• Uh` D^@L$? e`mae`r hcs o``g aptjdjzè ta `gcok` hjlh$sp`èe`maejgl af `cmh frcd`'

• Cs `cmh 59?9> frcd` js e`maeè jt js magv`rtè ta 59595' Uh` 59595scdpkjgl wjkk pr`s`rv` mhradc jgfardctjag wh`g kcy`rs cr` djxè

tal`th`r eurjgl èjtjgl' Pgfartugct`ky+ 59?9> mhradc js gat

cppraprjct`ky fjkt`rè cs jt js magv`rtè' Uh`r`far`+ wh`g orjlhtkymakarè aoi`mts cr` davjgl+ HEV vjeà shaws c macrs` pctt`rg afjgt`rkcmjgl jg th` mhradc'

• Uh` 8$ojt vjeà vcku`s mcg o` e`maeè ta 8$ojt+ ta 3>$ojt+ ar =?$ojt

fkactjgl$pajgt' Uhjs pr`v`gts ‛rauge$aff— `rrars thct mauke e`lrce` th`jdcl`'

• Uh` èjtar mcg mhaas` th` r`ge`rjgl `gljg` ta pravje` dcxjdud HEpkcyocmb vj`wjgl quckjty ar e`lrceè vj`wjgl quckjty' Jf th` kctt`r

mhajm` js dce`+ pkcyocmb p`rfardcgm` js jgmr`csè' Aovjaus aptjags

cr` ta sbjp fj`kes cge!ar us` `v`ry ath`r pjx`k ag c kjg`'

• Uh` r`sukt af ckk vjeà djxjgl js smckè ta fjt cg ag$smr``g wjgeawcge!ar c s`mage Cppk` Mjg`dc ejspkcy'

• Uh` èjtar cksa hcs th` aptjag ta mhaas` pkcyocmb rct`s thct ea gatejspkcy ckk frcd`s' Far `xcdpk`+ oy erappjgl `v`ry ath`r frcd` cp`rf`mt 30fps pkcyocmb sp`è js cmhj`vè' Jt js qujt` `csy ta s`gs`tjdjgl ct hckf$sp`è'

• Ga dctt`r haw madpk`x c tjd`kjg`+ ar haw dcgy kcy`rs+ cgy sjglk`

frcd` js―ct dast―e`maeè agm` cge r`$`gmaeè agm`'

• Agm` c ]`qu`gm` hcs o``g magfardè+ jt mcg o` spkjmè ta ath`r

magfardè ]`qu`gm`s wjthaut r`qujrjgl c r`$magfard'

\h`g mcpturjgl HEV faatcl` frad c ]agy HEV mcdmare`r usjgl FjgckMut ^ra 0'3'5 ar 6+ yau mcg mhaas` haw Fjgck Mut ^ra mr`ct`s dèjc




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ??> 0!3>!3=

fjk`s cge mkjps wh`g stcrt cge stap jgejmctars cr` e`t`mtè' (]tcrt!stapjgejmctars ammur ag c tcp` jg pkcm`s wh`r` r`marejgl wcs stappè cgeth`g stcrtè clcjg'*

Ø Ua mhaas` haw Fjgck Mut ^ra hcgek`s stcrt!stap e`t`mtjag wh`g

mcpturjgl HEV faatcl`9

Ø Mhaas` Fjgck Mut ^ra 7 @csy ]`tup+ th`g s`k`mt cg HEV @csy]`tup frad th` ]`tup far pap$up d`gu'

Ø Mhaas` Fjk` 7 Kal cge Mcptur`+ th`g mkjmb Mkjp ]`ttjgls'

Ø Mkjmb Mr`ct` g`w mkjp ag ]tcrt!]tap ta s`k`mt frad th` fakkawjgl twaaptjags9

]tcrt!]tap e`t`mtjag ag9 \h`g th` mh`mboax js s`k`mtè+ c g`w

dèjc fjk` cge marr`spagejgl mkjp cr` mr`ctè `cmh tjd` Fjgck Mut ^rae`t`mts stcrt!stap jgejmctars jg th` jgmadjgl HEV str`cd'

]tcrt!]tap e`t`mtjag aff9 \h`g th` mh`mboax js e`s`k`mtè+ ag`magtjguaus dèjc fjk` cge marr`spagejgl mkjp cr` mr`ctè+ cgestcrt!stap jgejmctars cr` jlgarè'

\arbjgl wjth c euck ?'0LHz L0 âw`rDcm wjth ?LO af _CD+ Fjgck Mut^ra 0'3'5 ar 6 e`kjv`rs th` fakkawjgl p`rfardcgm` wjth Pgkjdjtè _U `gcokè pkus ^kcyocmb Vjeà Suckjty s`t ta Eygcdjm cge ^kcyocmb Frcd`

_ct` s`t ta Eygcdjm '

Ø Gctjv` HEV 3>8>j6> pkcys p`rf`mtky jg th` ]aurm` dagjtar cge fradc Ujd`kjg`'

Ø Ceejgl makar marr`mtjag ta c sjglk`$str`cd ej`s gat hurt pkcyocmbp`rfardcgm`'

Ø Mhradc$b`yjgl mcg o` eag` jg r`cktjd`'

Ø \h`g twa str`cds pkcy+ far `xcdpk` eurjgl cgy af th` r`cktjd`trcgsjtjags+ pkcyocmb js p`rf`mt'

Ø \h`g oath mkjps cr` makar marr`mtè+ cgy r`cktjd` trcgsjtjag pkcysocmb p`rf`mtky'

Ø Pp ta thr`` mkjps mcg o` sup`rjdpasè av`r th` r`cktjd` trcgsjtjag'Haw`v`r+ f`ctur`s af `ff`mts cr` `kjdjgctè eurjgl th` pr`vj`w' Far`xcdpk`+ makarè oare`rs cr` erappè'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ??3 0!3>!3=

Ø Pp ta thr`` mkjps mcg o` sup`rjdpasè av`r th` r`cktjd` trcgsjtjagpkus c stctjm tjtk`'

Ø Oy s`ttjgl ^kcyocmb Vjeà Suckjty frad Eygcdjm ta Hjlh+ up ta thr``mkjps+ pkus c stctjm tjtk`+ mcg o` sup`rjdpasè av`r c Mkamb \jp`

trcgsjtjagjgl o`tw``g twa makar marr`mtè mkjps' F`ctur`s af `ff`mtscr` `kjdjgctè eurjgl th` pr`vj`w'

Ø Oy s`ttjgl ^kcyocmb Frcd` _ct` frad Eygcdjm ta Fukk _ct`+ up ta twamkjps+ pkus c stctjm tjtk`+ mcg o` sup`rjdpasè av`r c Mkamb \jp`trcgsjtjagjgl o`tw``g twa makar marr`mtè mkjps' F`ctur`s af `ff`mtscr` `kjdjgctè eurjgl th` pr`vj`w'

Ø @xpart ta 3>8>j6> HEV r`qujr`s c ='093 tjd`$rctja'

âjgts ta Magsje`r9 Eurjgl mcptur`+ oath M^P cge hcre ejsb ea

gat g`è ta ea dumh warb' Jf th` GK@ e`mae`s th` D^@L$3 Kcy`r ?cueja ta ^MD eurjgl mcptur` thct ea`s put cg `xtrc kace ag th`M^P' Jf th` ^MD cueja js pkcmè jgta c s`pcrct` fjk`+ thcg cg `xtrckace js cksa pkcmè ag th` ejsb erjv`'

\h`g c Ujd`kjg` pkcys+ th` ejsb syst`d dust _`ce ckk th` HEVstr`cds―whjmh js gat dar` e`dcgejgl thcg warbjgl wjth EV' Uh`M^P+ haw`v`r+ dust warb v`ry hcre ta e`mae` ckk th` D^@L$?

str`cds cge p`rfard cgy `ff`mts r`ge`rjgl'

Cvje Xpr`ss ^ra HE

Zau mcg p`rfard oath jddèjct` mcptur` cge octmh mcptur`s' Cft`rmcpturjgl HEV vjc Fjr`\jr`+ yau mcg èjt HEV iust cs yau wauke EV'Zau mcg djx th` fakkawjgl fardcts jg c Ujd`kjg` cs kagl cs th`y hcv`th` scd` tjdòcs`9 3>8>j6> HEV+ 3>8>j6> EGxHE$U_+ 3>8>j6>EVM^_A HE+ cge ckk =>j GU]M r`sakutjags2 3>8>j0> HEV+ 3>8>j0>EGxHE$U_+ 3>8>j0> EVM^_A HE+ cge ckk ?0j ^CK r`sakutjags'Aovjausky+ 369: cgcdarphjm GU]M cge ^CK cr` th` `csj`st tajgmarparct` jgta cg HE Ujd`kjg`'

\hjk` c Daia dust o` turgè aff eurjgl HEV mcptur`+ wh`g èjtjgl yaumcg autput GU]M cge ^CK frad 3>8>j6> cge 3>8>j0>+ r`sp`mtjv`ky+ vjc

Daia'

Uh` `gtjr` Ujd`kjg` dust o` `gmaeè ta HEV o`far` `xpart ta tcp`' Uar`mare vjeà ta cg HEV e`vjm`+ th` Ujd`kjg` js wrjtt`g ta tcp` vjcFjr`\jr`+ out gat oy th` Ejljtck Mut fugmtjag' Uhjs d`cgs yau mcggatCss`dok` (stcrt tjd`mae`* ar Jgs`rt (stcrt cge `ge tjd`mae`s* èjtHEV ta tcp`'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ??? 0!3>!3=

Jgmarparctjgl K`lcmy Vjeà

Jg cg je`ck warke+ yaur HE praeumtjags wjkk o` madpasè `gtjr`ky af HEdct`rjck ar fjkd thct hcs o``g trcgsf`rrè ta HE' G`v`rth`k`ss+`v`gtuckky+ yau wjkk `gmaugt`r c sjtuctjag wh`r` yau wjkk g`è ta

jgmarparct` GU]M ar ^CK vjeà'

Jf yau cr` kumby+ th` saurm` dct`rjck wjkk hcv` arjljgctè ag EjljO`tcar O`tc]^' Uh`s` cr` ‛madpag`gt makar— fardcts sa yaur prjdcry jssu`wjkk o` jgmarparctjgl 59= dct`rjck wjthjg c 369: praeumtjag' Uh`r` cr`twa aovjaus wcys ta cmmadpkjsh thjs' Fjrst+ pkcm` ag`+ ar dar`+ 59=jdcl`s wjthjg th` wje`smr``g frcd`' Uhjs aptjag hcs th` cevcgtcl`thct vjeà g`è gat o` smckè up'

\h`g yau wcgt ta smck`$up GU]M ta 3>8>j+ c kjg`cr smck` wjkk r`qujr` c?'>>X cge ?'?0X+ harjzagtckky cge v`rtjmckky+ zaad' O`far` yau try tap`rfard thjs k`v`k af smckjgl yau g`è ta magfjrd th` quckjty af smckjglp`rfardè oy yaur GK@'

Makar$uge`r cge Madpasjt` Vjeà

Jf yau cr` gat kumby+ th` saurm` dct`rjck wjkk o` ag c ‛makar$uge`r— vjeà fardct' Uhr``$qucrt`r$jgmh (P$dctjm*+ Hj8+ VH]+ cge ]$VH] us`thjs r`marejgl syst`d' O`far` r`marejgl+ mhradc jgfardctjag jsocgewjeth kjdjtè' Uh` mhradc sjlgck js th`g Cdpkjtue` Daeukctè oyc /mcrrj`r/ sjlgck cge r`mareè' Uh` kudjgcgm` sjlgck js Fr`qu`gmyDaeukctè oy c dumh hjlh`r fr`qu`gmy mcrrj`r (o`tw``g ≈5DHz cge≈<DHz* cge r`mareè' O`mcus` th` mhradc sjlgck,s mcrrj`r js kaw`r jgfr`qu`gmy thcg th` kudjgcgm` sjlgck,s mcrrj`r+ thjs syst`d js mckkèmakar$uge`r r`marejgl'

Uh` b`y ta aotcjgjgl dcxjdud jdcl` quckjty far k`lcmy tcp`s js ta us`c VU_ thct hcs c marr`mt s`t af f`ctur`s' (Zau wjkk kjb`ky hcv` ta r`gt ce`mb'* Uh`s` f`ctur`s jgmkue`9 08$djmrag h`ces+ UOM+ EAM+ M_J+ cDatjag ]`gsjgl =E Z!M s`pcrctar+ =E EG_+ cge =E MG_'

Ua pravje` sp`mjck `ff`mts+ c magsud`r VM_ typjmckky hcs ag` =3$ cge

ag` ?6$djmrag wje` h`ce' Cg jgeustrjck VU_ wjkk hcv` twa 08$djmragwje` h`ces+ ta pravje` c sjlgjfjmcgtky hjlh`r ]!G rctja'

UOM cge EAM

C Ujd` Ocs` Marr`mtar (UOM* mcptur`s th` pjmtur` madjgl frad c VM_cge star`s jt jg ejljtck d`dary―frad wh`r` jt js autput' Uhjs pram`ssr`dav`s kjg`$oy$kjg` pjmtur` /ijtt`r'/




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ??= 0!3>!3=

D`dary cksa pravje`s th` ocsjs far c erapaut madp`gsctar (EAM*' CEAM dagjtars th` _F sjlgck crrjvjgl frad th` cmtjv` pkcyocmb h`ce'\h`g th` _F sjlgck js jgt`rruptè+ far th` eurctjag af th` jgt`rruptjag+pr`vjaus /laae/ jgfardctjag frad d`dary js suostjtutè'

K`lcmy ]aurm`\h`g`v`r yaur k`lcmy saurm` hcs arjljgctè frad GU]M oracemcst+cgckal mcok`+ ar cgckal sct`kkjt`―ar hcs `v`r o``g r`mareè ag cmakar$uge`r fardct―ar ct cgy tjd` hcs o``g davè cs c madpasjt`sjlgck+ yau hcv` c praok`d ta sakv`' Uh` sakutjag js ta ejljtjz` th`vjeà usjgl `qujpd`gt thct hcs c saphjstjmctè Z!M s`pcrctar' Uh`s`pcrctar mcg o` jg c VU_ (wjth th` autput vjc `jth`r cgckalmadpag`gt ar ]EJ* ar jg yaur GK@‚s ejljtjz`r'

Z!M ]`pcrctar

C sjdpk` Z!M s`pcrctar `dpkays c hjlh$pcss fjkt`r ta s`pcrct` mhradcjgfardctjag frad th` sjlgck+ whjk` c ='08DHz gatmh fjkt`r `kjdjgct`smhradc jgfardctjag magtcjgè jg th` madpasjt` sjlgck' Pgfartugct`ky+th` hjlh$pcss fjkt`r ckkaws fjg` kudjgcgm` e`tcjk ar magv`rljgl gag$pcrckk`k kjg`s ta cpp`cr cs+ r`sp`mtjv`ky+ c rcjgoaw pctt`rg (‛mrass$makar—* ar c Dajrê (‛h`rrjgloag`—* pctt`rg' Cge+ th` gatmh fjkt`r mutskudjgcgm` ocgewjeth ta agky coaut =DHz yj`kejgl agky ?0>$kjg`s af harjzagtck r`sakutjag'

Mado fjkt`rs cr` th` h`crt af dar` saphjstjmctè Z!M s`pcrctars'

Ckt`rgct` kjg`s af mhradc jgfardctjag hcv` appasjgl phcs`mhcrcmt`rjstjms' \h`g twa kjg`s cr` ceeè+ mhradc jgfardctjag jsmcgm`kè$aut whjk` th` kudjgcgm` sjlgck js culd`gtè' Oy suotrcmtjgltwa kjg`s+ jg$phcs` kudjgcgm` sjlgck js gaw mcgm`kè cge mhradcjgfardctjag js aotcjgè'

\hjk` c mado fjkt`r pr`s`rv`s harjzagtck r`sakutjag+ jt js gat `ff`mtjv` jgpr`v`gtjgl `jth`r mrass makar ar Dajrê `ff`mts' Gar ea`s jt pr`v`gtharjzagtck ‛hcgljgl eats— cge v`rtjmck ‛mrcwkjgl cgts— frad cpp`crjglct th` iugmtjags af aoi`mts thct hcv` madpk`d`gtcry (`'l'+ oku` cgey`kkaw* makars' Uh`s` cr` mckkè ‛mrass$kudjgcgm`— crtjfcmts'

\h`g mrass$makar cge mrass$kudjgcgm` crtjfcmts cr` smckè up ta HE+th` r`sukt js c t`rrjok` pjmtur`' J s`` oath crtjfcmts wctmhjgl EUV' HEUVoracemcsts cge+ wjth sad` stctjags+ kjv` g`ws js mk`cg' Haw`v`r+`v`rythjgl thct pcss`s thraulh th` pkcgt cs madpasjt` vjeà(djmrawcv` upkjgb+ @GL tcp`+ dast madd`rmjcks* kaabs harrjok`' K`tthjs o` c r`djge`r thct yau cr` jg trauok` `v`g wh`g c vjeà saurm`mad`s ta yau r`mareè ag cg cgckal (O`tc]^* ar ejljtck (EjljO`tc+ EV+





EVM^_A+ ar `v`g HE* madpag`gt fardct―jf jt wcs `v`r mcrrjè vjc csyst`d thct djx`s kudc cge mhradc' Agm` djxè+ mrass$makar crtjfcmtscr` pcrt af th` mhradc sjlgck cge mrass$kudjgcgm` crtjfcmts cr` pcrt af th` kudc sjlgck' Jg th`s` mcs`s+ yau shauke la ocmb ta th` arjljgckdèjc'

Uh` ?E =$kjg`+ cecptjv` mado fjkt`r pravje`s jdpravè mado fjkt`rp`rfardcgm`' Jt madpcr`s `cmh pjx`k ta th` jddèjct`ky ceicm`gtpjx`ks ag th` murr`gt kjg` cs w`kk cs ceicm`gt pjx`ks jg th` upp`r cgekaw`r kjg`s' Ocsè ag th` gctur` af th` hu` cge scturctjag af th`s`pjx`ks―ejljtck kaljm mcus`s th` Z!M s`pcrctar ta+ ag c pjx`k$oy$pjx`kocsjs+ ap`rct` eygcdjmckky cs jf jt w`r` c pur` gatmh fjkt`r (fardjgjdud makar crtjfcmts*―thaulh jgt`rdèjct` stcl`s―ta c pur` madofjkt`r (far dcxjdud pjmtur` r`sakutjag*'

\hjk` th` upp`r cge kaw`r kjg`s frad th` scd` fj`ke cr` mkas`

t`dparckky―th`y cr` gat spctjckky mkas`' Uh` spctjckky mkas`st kjg`s cr`jg th` pr`vjaus fj`ke' C =E =$kjg`+ Z!M s`pcrctar `dpkays fj`ke d`dary'O`mcus` jts mhradc$kaljm warbs wjth pjx`ks thct cr` spctjckky mkas`+ jtpravje`s o`tt`r pjmtur` e`tcjk wjth f`w`r mhradc crtjfcmts'

\hjk` madpcrjgl th` murr`gt kjg` wjth th` upp`r cge kaw`r kjg` fradth` pr`vjaus fj`ke usuckky pravje`s aptjdud s`pcrctar p`rfardcgm`+wh`g cg aoi`mt js davjgl rcpjeky+ jt ea`s gat' Oy jgmarparctjgldatjag$s`gsjgl kaljm+ c =E Z!M s`pcrctar mcg cutadctjmckky us` th`pr`vjaus fj`ke ar murr`gt fj`ke' Pge`r datjag+ usjgl t`dparcrjky mkas`jgfardctjag frad th` murr`gt fj`ke pr`v`gts th` jgtraeumtjag af datjag

crtjfcmts'

EG_ cge MG_

Agm` mhradc hcs o``g s`pcrctè frad kudc+ `cmh suo$sjlgck dust o`mk`cgè af gajs`' ^jmtur` gajs` js ugmarr`kctè jgfardctjag' EjljtckGajs` _èumtjag (EG_* e`kcys vjeà ag`$kjg` p`rjae cge cees jt ta th`murr`gt kjg`' Kudjgcgm` gajs` js mcgm`kè cge th` sjlgck culd`gtè'\hjk` c ?E ?$kjg` EG_ mjrmujt mcus`s c skjlht okurrjgl af v`rtjmck e`tcjk'Far thjs r`csag+ EG_ js cvcjkcok` wjth th` scd` cevcgmè dae`s cscr` Z!M s`pcrctars9 ?E =$kjg`+ =E =$kjg`+ cge datjag$s`gsjgl =E =$

kjg`'

Uh`r` cr` twa typ`s af mhradc gajs`―CD (Cdpkjtue` Daeukctè* gajs`wh`r` `cmh pjx`k hcs rcgead scturctjag cge ^D (^hcs` Daeukctè*gajs` wh`r` pjx`ks hcv` c rcgead+ vcryjgl hu`' Uh` scd` typ`s af ejljtck gajs` rèumtjag mjrmujts thct rèum` kudjgcgm` gajs` mcg o`cppkjè ta c mhradc'

H`ce$swjtmhjgl Gajs`

Uh`r` js ag` ath`r gcsty yau dcy g`è ta e`ck wjth2 ‛h`ce$swjtmhjgl— gajs`' Fauge jg th` kaw`st 6$8 kjg`s af vjeà frad cg cgckal VU_+ gajs`mcg o` `kjdjgctè oy sjdpky dcsbjgl th` tap cge oattad 8$kjg`s'Ckt`rgct`ky+ yau mcg mrap th` vjeà+ cge th`g skjlhtky smck` jt'Haw`v`r+ o`mcus` thjs jgmr`cs`s th` cdaugt af smckjgl r`qujrè+pjmtur` quckjty mcg o` e`mr`csè'

]ad` VH] cge ]$VH] tcp`s wjkk mcrry c HjFj cueja trcmb thct aff`rshjlh quckjty+ st`rà sauge' Haw`v`r+ jf ct cgy pajgt th` tcp` wcspkcyè ag c VU_ wjth warg HjFj cueja h`ces+ yau dcy h`cr c 30bHz+h`ce$swjtmhjgl gajs`' Hap`fukky+ yaur GK@ hcs c 30bHz gatmh fjkt`r sayau mcg rèum` th` whjg`'

Jg dy `xp`rj`gm`+ th` VU_s thct mad` th` mkas`st ta d``tjgl dast

r`qujr`d`gts jgmkue` th` ^cgcsagjm CL$<<>>!CL$<6>> cge CL$<60>!<<0>+ pkus th` IVM O_$]8??P!O_$]6??P (VH]!]$VH]* e`mbs' Jf passjok`+ us` c ??$s`rj`s VM_ thct hcs oath cg ]C$U?? UOM cge cg ]C$G?? EG_ aptjag' Ath`r e`mbs jgmkue` th` ]agy OVP$:0> (P$dctjm*wjth c UOM magg`mtè ta th` EPO part+ ]agy ]VA$08>> (VH]!]$VH]*+cge ]agy @VA$:80> (Vjeà8!Hj8*' Ct c dumh kaw`r prjm` pajgt+ thÌVM O_$]=<8P cge ^cgcsagjm CL$E]000 VH]!]$VH] e`mbs warb w`kk'

Uwa dar` pajgts' Jf yau dust mhaas` o`tw``g c pcth thct cees gajsàr ag` thct cees mrass$kudc ar mrass$makar crtjfcmts―mhaas` ta ceecrtjfcmts' Gajs` mcg o` r`davè―crtjfcmts mcggat' Far th` scd`

r`csag+ ugk`ss th` e`mb yau us` hcs madpag`gt cgckal autput+ yaudust us` cg ]$vjeà magg`mtjag'

@xpartjgl HE

@xpartjgl D^@L$? Urcgspart ]tr`cd ar ^cmb`tjzè@k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd

Pgk`ss yau cr` èjtjgl wjth c tru` Gctjv` GK@+ `v`ry D^@L$? frcd` jgth` Ujd`kjg` dust o` e`maeè cge r`$`gmaeè ta D^@L$?' Daràv`r+`v`g wjth c Gctjv` GK@+ wh`r`v`r th`r` cr` `ff`mts ckk saurm` D^@L$?frcd`s dust o` e`maeè+ th` `ff`mts r`ge`rè+ cge th` r`sukt r`$`gmaeè ta D^@L$?' Daràv`r+ ct `cmh mut pajgt+ ag` ar twa LA^sdust o` e`maeè cge r`$`gmaeè' Uhus+ ugk`ss yau hcv` c muts$agkyUjd`kjg`+ `v`g c Gctjv` GK@ r`qujr`s c lr`ct e`ck af tjd` ta `xpart cUjd`kjg`'

Uh`r` cr` thr`` vcrjcok`s jg thct cff`mt `xpart tjd`' Fjrst+ th` sp`è af th` saftwcr` thct e`mae`s D^@L$? ar e`madpr`ss`s th` jgt`rdèjct`mae`m' (Uhjs pram`ss js gat r`qujrè jf th` Ujd`kjg` js ugmadpr`ssèvjeà'* ]`mage th` sp`è af D^@L$? vjeà `gmae`r cge th` sp`è af th` D^@L$3 cueja `gmae`r' Cge thjre+ th` tjd` r`qujrè ta l`g`rct` c

Urcgspart ]tr`cd ar ^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd frad th` cuejacge vjeà @k`d`gtcry str`cds'

_`marejgl cg D^@L$? Urcgspart ]tr`cd ar ^cmb`tjzè@k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd

Uh` dciarjty af GK@ syst`ds `gcok` yau ta `xpart `jth`r 3>8>j ar <?>pHEV ectc$str`cd thct mcg o` r`mareè ocmb ta yaur mcdmare`r are`mb' Jg c f`w mcs`s+ th`r` dcy `v`g o` c s`ttjgl far `xpart ta IVM E$VH]' Jf th`r` js ga s`ttjgl+ jg dast mcs`s+ th` <?>p HEV s`ttjgl wjkkwarb fjg`'

Uh` cevcgtcl` af r`marejgl ta c tcp`$ocsè dèjc js thct th`mcdmare`r ar e`mb mcg o` magg`mtè+ vjc cgckal madpag`gt―ta cgyHE ejspkcy e`vjm`'

Oy HEV r`marejgl ta yaur mcdmare`r+ yau hcv` c kjlhtw`jlht pkcyocmbe`vjm` thct yau mcg tcb` ta c praeumtjag haus` wh`r` yaur davj` mcgo` trcgsf`rrè ta EVM^_A HE+ HEMCD+ HEMCD$]_+ cge E$0' Uh`kctt`r twa fardcts cr` th` agky fardcts cmm`ptè oy sad` g`twarbs'Ath`r g`twarbs magtjgu` ta cmm`pt HEMCD ar EVM^_A HE'

Uh`r` cr` cksa e`vjm`s thct mcg pukk D^@L$? Urcgspart ]tr`cd ar^cmb`tjzè @k`d`gtcry ]tr`cd vjeà frad yaur madput`r+ vjc c KCG+cge autput jt ta cg HE ejspkcy'

\jgeaws Dèjc : (VM$3*

Djmrasaft e`v`kapè \jgeaws Dèjc : cs c praprj`tcry v`ry ojt$`ffjmj`gt mae`m far oath cueja+ ]E vjeà+ cge HE vjeà' E`spjt` sad`sb`ptjms+ th` HE v`rsjag hcs pravè ta pravje` v`ry hjlh quckjty vjeàct coaut 6Dops ta 8Dops' Jg shart+ HE ct ]E ectc rct`s'

Zau dcy wage`r why th` jgeustry js sa famusè ag `xp`gsjv` hjlh$e`fjgjtjag EVEs jf HE mcg o` r`mareè ag c r`lukcr EVEs' Uhjs js cqu`stjag thas` wha cr` wcjtjgl far hjlh$e`fjgjtjag EVE g`è ta csbth`ds`kv`s' Uh` cgsw`r+ af maurs`+ js th` `xp`mtctjag th` hjlh$e`fjgjtjag EVE pkcy`rs wjkk qujmbky o`mad` cs uojqujtaus cs EVEpkcy`rs'

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_AD pkcy`r+ yau mcg pkcyocmb HE ejr`mtky frad th` erjv`' \jth cskaw`r erjv`+ yau sjdpky mapy th` HE davj` ta yaur hcre ejsb'

Dast dae`rg ^Ms mcg pkcy <?>p (3?8>x<?>* HE vjeà' ^Ms thct cr`dar` paw`rfuk mcg pkcy 3>8>p (3:?>x3>8>* HE vjeà'

Djgjdud Magfjlurctjag (far <?>p vjeà* wjth ]t`rà ]auge

• ?'5 LHz pram`ssar ar `qujvck`gt

• =85 DO af _CD

• 65 DO vjeà mcre

• 3>?5 x <68 smr``g r`sakutjag

•

36$ojt sauge mcre• ]t`rà sp`cb`r syst`d

Magfjlurctjag (far 3>8>p vjeà wjth 0'3 ]urrauge ]auge*

• ='> LHz pram`ssar ar `qujvck`gt

• 03? DO af _CD

• 3?8 DO vjeà mcre

• 3:?> x 355> smr``g r`sakutjag

• ?5$ojt :6 bHz duktjmhcgg`k sauge mcre

• 0'3 surrauge sauge sp`cb`r syst`d

Djmrasaft hcs r`k`csè c \D: ^kcy`r far A] X' Pgfartugct`ky+ jt jsus`k`ss far pkcyjgl HE vjeà' Uhcgbfukky+ Fkjp5Dcm(www'fkjp5dcm'mad* hcs r`k`csè cg A] X pcmbcl` wjth twajdpartcgt madpag`gts' Uh` fjrst js c hjlh$quckjty \D: pkcy`r' Uhjs`gcok`s yau ta summ`ssfukky pkcy \D: HE `gmaeè vjeà' Uh` \DV^kcy`r js c pkul$jg ta Cppk`‚s SujmbUjd` pkcy`r'

Pgfartugct`ky+ duktj$mhcgg`k saugetrcmbs pkcyocmb agky jg st`rà'Kjb`wjs`+ duktj$mhcgg`k saugetrcmbs cr` gat trcgsmaeè ta Eakoy 0'3cge autput vjc c âw`rDcm‚s aptjmck part' Fkjp5Dcm ea`s gat suppartJgt`rg`t$ocsè ar ag$jgt`rg`t E_D thct pr`mkue`s th` us` af dastmadd`rmjckky r`k`csè \D: HE EVEs'

Uh` s`mage madpag`gt supparts th` `gmaejgl af \D: dèjc uge`r A]X' Jt js c pkul$jg thct warbs wjth Fjgck Mut ^ra cge SujmbUjd` ^ra' Uh``gmae`r wjkk `gmae` oath 0'3 cge <'3 duktj$mhcgg`k cueja' Haw`v`r+FM^ 0 ea`s gat suppart 0'3 surrauge sauge' Haw`v`r+ yau mcg mr`ct`6$trcmbs cge th`g mhaas` ta autput th`d cs 6 ‛gag$st`rà pcjrs'— (Uh`

KF@ mhcgg`k shauke o` kaw$pcss fjkt`rè ct 8> ta 3?>Hz'*

UrcmbGudo`r

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5 Kaw Fr`qu`gmy @ff`mts

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ta hcv` sjx ar `jlht ejsmr`t` cgckal jgputs' \hjk` sad` praeumts hcv`thjs mcpcojkjty+ dcgy ea gat'

Duktj$mhcgg`k Cueja ag c Kcptap9 Jf yau cr` warbjgl wjth ckcptap+ yau mcg purmhcs` c Mr`ctjv` Kcos Cuejly ? Y] Gatòaab^MDMJC mcre (http9!!us'mr`ctjv`'mad*' Uh` Cuejly ? Y] autput sjxmhcgg`ks af cgckal cueja―out dar` jdpartcgtky cg ]^!EJF part'

\h`g yau g`è ta pkcy \D: davj`s+ yau dust e`ck wjth twa cuejajssu`s'

\D: ta Eakoy9 Far th` ^M yau g`è ta eawgkace(http9!!cm=fjkt`r'saurm`farl`'g`t * cge jgstckk CM=fjkt`r' Uhjs saftwcr`r`$raut`s th` \D: e`maeè ^MD cueja thraulh c saftwcr` 0'3Eakoy @gmae`r cge autputs jt vjc c macx ar aptjmck magg`mtar'

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`xcdpk` js th` ‛P]O Kjv`#— ?5$ojt `xt`rgck sauge oax frad(http9!!us'mr`ctjv`'mad*'

Af maurs`+ dast af us ea gat wcgt ta wctmh HE ag c madput`r smr``gga dctt`r haw ojl' Uh` fcmt js+ thct ct c typjmck vj`wjgl ejstcgm` c 6$faat ejclagck smr``g js cs sdckk c smr``g cs shauke o` usè' Uhctd`cgs w` g`è c v`ry kcrl` ejspkcy af sad` typ`'

D^@L$?

J `xp`mt hjlh$e`fjgjtjag EVEs frad Hakkywaae wjkk prjdcry `dpkayD^@L$?' Haw`v`r+ cgy gudo`r af farm`s mauke dav` Hakkywaae ta agàf th` mae`ms' Far `xcdpk`+ oath H'?65 cge VM$3 ckkaw fcr dar`dct`rjck ta o` pcmbè jgta c EVE'

A] X praeumtjags wjkk kjb`ky us` H'?65 (ar \D:*+ whjk` \jgeaws X^praeumtjags wjkk kjb`ky us` \D:'

Uh`r` cr` s`v`rck D^@L$? HE `gmae`rs cvcjkcok` far ^Ms cge Dcms―far`xcdpk`+ D^@L âw`r ^raf`ssjagck v?'0 cge DcjgMagm`pt'

Agm` c praeumtjag js madpk`t`+ yau hcv` s`v`rck aptjags' Jg dcgysjtuctjags+ c madput`r mcg o` cg je`ck HE pkcyocmb syst`d' ât`gtjckejspkcys jgmkue` M_U dagjtars+ pkcsdc pcg`ks+ cge KME cge EK^prai`mtars' Dcgy mcres pravje` cg ckk$ejljtck EVJ magg`mtjag cs w`kk csc VLC autput' G`w`r mcres wjkk hcv` HEDJ autput'

Far th` \jgeaws X^ cge A] X+ th` shcr`wcr` VKM ^kcy`r fradVjeàkcg (www'vjeàkcg'arl* wjkk ea th` iao' Af maurs`+ agky c v`ry hjlh$p`rfardcgm` madput`r js lajgl ta o` cok` ta sdaathky pkcy HEr`sakutjag D^@L$? vjeà'

D^@L$5 H'?65

D^@L$5 H'?65 (CVM* js D^@L$? ag st`rajes' Kjb` \D:+ jt js c v`ry ojt$

`ffjmj`gt mae`m' Far dar` e`tcjkè jgfardctjag r`ce th` D^@L$5 H'?65(CVM* sjeòcr'

O`ljggjgl wjth SujmbUjd` <+ Dcm us`s mcg `gmae` ?5fps HE davj`susjgl kaw ectc$rct`s' Kaw `gaulh+ ta r`mare ta c stcgecre EVE―`v`gME$_ADs' Gcturckky+ th` SujmbUjd` pkcy`r mcg pkcy th`s` davj`s ocmbag yaur Dcm' Pgfartugct`ky+ agky st`rà CMM cueja js murr`gtkysuppartè oy H'?65'




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O`mcus` H'?65 mcg o` ourgè ta cg arejgcry EVE ejsm th`r` cr` gawEVE pkcy`rs madjgl ta dcrb`t thct jgmkue` cg HE H'?65 e`mae`rmae`m'

Oath th` Oku$rcy cge HE$EVE fardcts suppart th` CVM mae`m'

Uh`r`far`+ yau wjkk hcv` c mhajm` af r`marejgl c hjlh$e`fjgjtjag EVEusjgl H'?65+ VM$3+ ar D^@L$?'

Jt js kjb`ky D^@L$? wjkk jgjtjckky o` th` dast usè mae`m' Gcturckky+Cppk` wjkk pradat` CVM whjk` Djmrasaft wjkk pradat` VM$3' (]DÛ@ hcsgaw cppravè th` VM$3 mae`m'*

D^@L$5 H'?65 (CVM* ]jeòcr

H'?65 o`g`fjts frad jgmr`csè pr`mjsjag jg datjag `stjdctjag+ whjmh js th`

b`y pram`ss af rèumjgl rèugecgt ectc cmrass c s`rj`s af frcd`s' Oy

`xpr`ssjgl jgfardctjag ta 3!5$pjx`k r`sakutjag cs appasè ta 3!?$pjx`kr`sakutjag cs ea dast ath`r mae`ms+ H'?65 r`pr`s`gts oath fcst$ cge skawdavjgl sm`g`s dar` pr`mjs`ky' Uhus+ aoi`mts jg datjag cr` dar` mrjspkyr`magstrumtè eurjgl e`mae`+ pravjejgl c o`tt`r r`pr`s`gtctjag af th`saurm` dct`rjck'

Eurjgl datjag `stjdctjag+ ath`r mae`ms pram`ss frcd`s ct th` dcmraokambk`v`k (36 pjx`ks oy 36 pjx`ks*' H'?65 mcg pram`ss s`ld`gts wjthjg cdcmraokamb thct mcg rcgl` jg sjz` frad th` 36x36 ta 5x5+ whjmh h`kps`gmae` madpk`x datjag jg cr`cs af hjlh e`tcjk'

H'?65 lcjgs dumh af jts `ffjmj`gmy oy sjdpkjfyjgl rèugecgt ectc wjthjg csjglk` frcd`+ usjgl c t`mhgjqu` mckkè jgtrcfrcd` prèjmtjag' Uh` H'?65`gmae`r hcs dar` wcys ta r`f`r`gm` g`jlhoarjgl pjx`ks+ sa jt madpr`ss`se`tcjks cge lrcej`gts o`tt`r thcg pr`vjaus mae`ms' Jgtrcfrcd` prèjmtjag js`sp`mjckky o`g`fjmjck jg hjlh$datjag cr`cs'

H'?65 `gmaejgl js ocsè ag th` magm`pt af e`smrjojgl c ljv`g frcd` usjgl

ectc frad ath`r frcd`s jg th` pcst cge th` futur`' C O$frcd` frcdè`p`ges ag ectc frad th` kcst cge!ar g`xt frcd`' Uhus+ c O$frcd` mcgr`f`r agky ta th` frcd` jddèjct`ky o`far` ar jddèjct`ky cft`r th` O$frcd`' Psjgl H'?65 `gmaejgl+ c O$frcd` mcg r`f`r ta cg `gtjr` lraup af

frcd`s―`jth`r pcst ar futur`'

Daràv`r―cg H'?65 O$frcd` mcg o` usè ta e`smrjo` cgath`r frcd`+ thusjt mcg cksa o` c r`f`r`gm` frcd`'

O`mcus` H'?65 us`s ectc frad dcgy dar` frcd`s+ jt e`kjv`rs c dar`cmmurct` r`pr`s`gtctjag af th` saurm` dct`rjck ct c dumh kaw`r ectc rct`'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?=3 0!3>!3=

H'?65 cksa f`ctur`s c eòkambjgl fjkt`r+ whjmh ap`rct`s ag 5x5 okamboaugecrj`s ta r`dav` icllè okambjgl crtjfcmts' Jg ceejtjag ta dcbjgl

sdaath`r jdcl`s far ejspkcy+ th` fjkt`r js usè eurjgl th` `gmaejgl pram`ssta pravje` c dar` mah`r`gt r`f`r`gm` pjmtur` far suos`qu`gt frcd`s+whjmh cksa h`kps ta jdprav` jdcl` quckjty'

Uhjs cevcgmè fjkt`r t`mhgakaly `ff`mtjv`ky `kjdjgct`s okambjgl crtjfcmts+r`suktjgl jg c sdaath+ mk`cg pjmtur`'

Jg shart+ gat agky js D^@L$5 H'?65 dar` `ffjmj`gt+ jt aff`rs fcr hjlh`rquckjty thcg mcg D^@L$?' H'?65 wjkk la c kagl wcy tawcres sakvjgl th`praok`ds af datjag okambjgl frad rcpje+ madpk`x datjag'

^rafjk`s cge k`v`ks

Uh` H'?65 stcgecre e`fjg`s c s`t af ^rafjk`s cge K`v`ks ta s`t pajgts af

magfardcgm`'

H'?65 ^rafjk`s9

• Ocs`kjg`' Jgt`geè far kaw$kct`gmy cppkjmctjags sumh cs vjeàmagf`r`gmjgl'

• Dcjg' Jgt`geè far th` dciarjty af l`g`rck us`s+ sumh cs th` Jgt`rg`t+daojk`+ duktjdèjc+ cge starè magt`gt'

• @xt`geè' Jgt`geè far str`cdjgl cppkjmctjags+ wh`r` `xtrc `rrar

r`sjkj`gm` t`mhgakalj`s mcg o` o`g`fjmjck'

• Fje`kjty _cgl` @xt`gsjag (cksa bgawg cs Hjlh*' Magsjsts af faurs`pcrct` Hjlh^rafjk` (Hjlh+ Hjlh 3>+ Hjlh 59?9?+ cge Hjlh 59595*+ jgt`geèfar sp`mjfjm hjlh$`ge praf`ssjagck us`s'

Far `cmh prafjk`+ 36 K`v`ks mcg o` cppkjè+ `cmh sp`mjfyjgl c typjmck frcd`

sjz`+ frcd`$rct`+ cge dcxjdud ectc rct`' Uh` scd` 36 K`v`ks cr` usèfar `cmh ^rafjk`'

H'?65 k`v`ks9

3 SMJF 30 65 Bops

3o SMJF 30 3?8 Bops

3'3 MJF ar SMJF <'0 (MJF*!=> (SMJF* 3:? Bops

3'? MJF 30 =85 Bops

3'= MJF => <68 Bops

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? MJF => ? Dops

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5'3 HE (<?>p ar 3>8>j* 6>!=>j 0> Dops

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H'?65 `dpkays CCM cueja thct pravje`s dumh dar` `ffjmj`gt madpr`ssjagthcg ake`r fardcts kjb` D^=' Jg fcmt+ jt e`kjv`rs quckjty rjvckjgl thct afugmadpr`ssè ME cueja' CCM wcs e`v`kapè oy th`d ^@L lraup thct

jgmkue`s Eakoy+ Frcughaf`r+ CU&U+ ]agy+ cge Gabjc' CMM tcb`scevcgtcl` af th` dcgy cevcgm`s jg p`rm`ptuck cueja maejgl cgemadpr`ssjag cmhj`vè sjgm` th` e`v`kapd`gt af D^? cge D^='

CCM e`kjv`rs hjlh`r$quckjty autput ct kaw`r ectc$rct`s' CMM supparts up ta58 fukk$fr`qu`gmy mhcgg`ks wjth scdpkjgl rct`s up ta :6bHz'

Cppk`‚s SujmbUjd` pravje`s suppart far H'?65' ]p`mjfjmckky+ 3?8>x<?> ?5pvjeà pkcys p`rf`mtky ag c sjglk` pram`ssar âw`r Dcm L0+ whjk` fukk3:?>x3>8> ?5p vjeà pkcys p`rf`mtky ag c euck$pram`ssar âw`r Dcm L0'




Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?== 0!3>!3=

Mhcpt`r 3>9 \arbjgl wjth HE cgeFjkd

Dcgy vjeàlrcph`rs wjkk shaat vjeà jgt`geè ta o` trcgsf`rrè ta=0dd fjkd' Daràv`r+ dcgy shaatjgl vjeà cs thaulh jt w`r` fjkd+ wjkk gat trcgsf`r th`jr praeumtjag ta fjkd' Oath wjkk fjge jgfardctjag ag th`s`

tapjms jg Mhcpt`r 3>'

Mr`ctjgl c Fjkd Kaab

Uh`r` cr` s`v`rck saftwcr` pcmbcl`s yau mcg us` ta ckt`r th` kaab af vjeà' Uh`s` jgmkue`9

Ø Dcljm Oukk`t (www'rèljcgtsaftwcr`'mad!dclouksujt'htdk* far\jgeaws X^'

Ø Fjkd @ff`mts (www'gcttr`ss'mad*'

Ø EVFjkd Dcb`r (www'evfjkd'mad*

EVFjkd Dcb`r jgmkue`s duktjpk` fugmtjags thct mcg o` usè ta ckt`r th`kaab af vjeà' Zau dcy fjge `dpkayjgl ag`+ ar dar`+ af th` mcpcojkjtj`sdcy dcb` yau vjeà kaab dar` kjb` fjkd' Uh`r` cr` sjtuctjags jg whjmh

yau dcy wcgt ta us` sumh fugmtjags'

Mr`ctjgl c ‛fjkd kaab— far c Vjeà _`k`cs`

O`mcus` th`r` cr` sa dcgy ejff`r`gt fjkd stambs+ th` magm`pt af mr`ctjgl c ‛fjkd kaab— js praok`dctjm' Fugecd`gtckky+ th` agky aptjag jsta dcb` vjeà kaab k`ss kjb` vjeà cge dar` kjb` whct w` jdcljg` fjkdta kaab kjb`' Fjkd hcs thr`` aovjaus mhcrcmt`rjstjms9

Ø O`mcus` rè js th` kaw`st ey` kcy`r ag fjkd stamb+ jg thàry+ rèshauke o` k`ss jgt`gs` thcg oku` ar lr``g' Haw`v`r+ madpcrè ta

GU]M cge ^CK vjeà―fjkd hcs dar` jgt`gs` rès' Uhus+ ag` aptjagjs ta oaast th` jgt`gsjty af rè'

Ø Fjkd hcs dumh wje`r kctjtue` cge sa typjmckky hcs k`ss magtrcst'G`v`rth`k`ss+ r`k`cs` prjgts cge r`v`rsck 36dd fjkd aft`g hcs whctkaabs kjb` v`ry rjmh okcmbs' Uh`r`far`+ yau mcg mrush okcmbs c ojt'

Ø Fjkd hcs lrcjg whjk` vjeà t`ges ta hcv` gajs`' Lrcjg kaabs c laaee`ck o`tt`r thcg gajs`' Uhcgbfukky+ yau mcg cee sjdukctè lrcjg tavjeà'

Ckt`rjgl th` Kaab af Vjeà far c Fjkd _`k`cs`

O`mcus` yau wjkk o` prjgtjgl ta fjkd+ yau wjkk typjmckky gat wcgt tacppky fjkd kaab fugmtjags ta vjeà' Jt js vjtck yau magtcmt yaur fjkd kcota warb aut th` kaab yaur vjeà shauke hcv` cge th` kaab th`y wjkkmr`ct` lajgl ta fjkd' Far `xcdpk`+ th` typ` af fjkd stamb th`y wjkk us`'

Cvcjkcok` Fugmtjags

EVFjkd Dcb`r+ far oath th` ^M cge Dcm+ hcs jt`ds ag twa d`gus yaumcg us` ta ckt`r th` kaab af yaur vjeà'

^ram`ss D`gu

Ø Ps` ?5F^] Fjkd Datjag

Ø _è Oaast

Ø Cee Lrcjg

Cevcgmè D`gu

Ø _è Oaast Cdaugt (> ” 3>>*

Ø Lrcjg Cdaugt (> ” 3>>*

\arbjgl wjth ?5fps Vjeà

Ckthaulh w` aft`g tckb coaut ?5fps vjeà+ vjeà hcs g`v`r r`ckky o``g?5fps' Jt hcs o``g mcrrjè wjthjg 6>j (58>j ar 3>8>j* ar <?>p6> vjeà'Uh`r` cr` faur wcys ?5fps mcg o` mcrrjè wjthjg th`s` hjlh`r frcd`$rct` jgt`rkcm` vjeà fardcts'

58>j6> U`k`mjg`

Ocmb jg th` kct` 5>‚s wh`g 36dd ar =0dd fjkd wcs t`k`vjsè+ cU`k`mjg` dcmhjg` wcs `dpkayè' Uhjs dcmhjg` wcs `ss`gtjckky c thr``$wcy djrrar thct r`fk`mtè th` autput af ag` fjkd prai`mtar cge twa skje`prai`mtars jgta th` k`gs af c UV mcd`rc' Ckk th` stctjag‚s lrcphjms w`ràg =0dd skje`s' Oy turgjgl ag!aff ckt`rgct` skje` prai`mtars+ c s`rj`saf skje`s mauke o` sdaathky shawg'

Uh` fjkd prai`mtar h`ke madd`rmjcks+ g`ws fjkd+ cge davj`s' C sp`mjckd`mhcgjsd wcs usè ta trcgskct` ?5fps fjkd ta =>fps vjeà' Uhjs wcsmckkè =9? pukkeawg+ cs shawg jg th` Ejclrcd o`kaw' ]jgm` thjs wcso`far` makar vjeà+ th` prai`mtar cge mcd`rc rcg ct ?5'> cge =>'>fps+r`sp`mtjv`ky' \h`g makar wcs ceeè+ th` `qujpd`gt rcg ct ?=':<6fps

cge ?:':<fps'Oake t`xt jgejmct`s iuee`r frcd`s thct magtcjg fj`kes frad ejff`r`gtsaurm` frcd`s'


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Jt js fcr dar` maddag taecy ta us` cg `qujvck`gt typ` af pukkeawg―?9=9?9= pukkeawg+ cs shawg jg th` Ejclrcd o`kaw' Oake t`xt jgejmct`s iuee`r frcd`s thct magtcjg fj`kes frad twa ejff`r`gt saurm` frcd`s'Uhjs js ag` af th` twa typ`s af ?5p aff`rè oy th` CL$EVX3>> cge]EX$:>> mcdmare`rs frad ^cgcsagjm' Uh` fj`ke rct` js 0:':5Hz cge th`

fjkd rct` js ?=':<6Hz'


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iuee`r frcd`s' Uh` e`sjlgctjag far thjs vjeà js ?=':<6^sF+ cs shawgjg th` Ejclrcd o`kaw'

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^r`$]haat Magsje`rctjags

Pgtjk ]agy r`k`csè th` Y3 HEV mcdmare`r+ _`ljag 0> shaat`rs ckwcyswarbè wjth 0>j vjeà thct wcs th`g magv`rtè ta ?0p prjar ta ctrcgsf`r ta fjkd' Kjb`wjs`+ _`ljag 6> shaat`rs ckwcys warbè wjth 6>jvjeà thct th`y magv`rtè ta ?5p' Uh` ]agy Y3+ haw`v`r+ ljv`s `v`ryshaat`r th` aptjag ta shaat `jth`r 3>8>j0> ar 3>8>j6>' \hjmh ag`shauke o` usè1 Uh`r` cr` sjx magsje`rctjags9

3' \jkk th` dagjtars usè far past$praeumtjag jg _`ljag 0> cr`csejspkcy 3>8>j6>―ar GU]M frad cg ]E eawg$magv`rsjag1 Dast HEe`vjm`s wjkk ejspkcy oath 0>j cge 6>j vjeà' Daràv`r+ dcgy ^CKdagjtars wjkk ejspkcy GU]M' ]a 6>Hz dagjtarjgl kjb`ky wjkk gat o` c

sjlgjfjmcgt fcmtar jg yaur e`mjsjag'?' \jkk Ujd`kjg`s g`è ta o` `xpartè ta ]E tcp`1 Jt‚s v`ry kjb`ky thct+

`xm`pt far th` ]agy HEV praeumts+ _`ljag 0> VU_s wjkk r`mare agky^CK vjeà' Uhjs k`ges suppart ta shaatjgl 3>8>j0>'

=' Haw`v`r+ dast EVE ourg`rs cge saftwcr` wjkk mr`ct` `jth`r ^CK arGU]M ejsms' Daràv`r+ dcgy ^CK EVE pkcy`rs wjkk autput GU]M tath` duktj$syst`d UVs thct cr` maddag jg _`ljag 0> dcrb`ts' ]awarbjgl wjth 3>8>j6> shauke gat o` ejffjmukt jf EVEs cr` usè farpr`$r`k`cs` vjeàs'

5' ]ad` _`ljag 0> fjkd kcos dcy o` `qujppè ta agky warb wjth3>8>j0> vjeà' Haw`v`r+ dcgy wjkk o` cksa cok` ta p`rfard 3>8>j6>vjeà$ta$fjkd trcgsf`r' Cge+ yau mcg ea jt yaur s`kf' (]`` o`kaw'*

0' \h`g 0>j vjeà js magv`rtè ta ?0p+ jt g`ès agky ta oè`jgt`rkcmè' \h`g haw`v`r+ 6>j js magv`rtè ta ?5p―iuee`rfrcd`s cr` jgtraeumè' Uh`r`far`+ shaatjgl 3>8>j0> hcs cg jdcl`quckjty cevcgtcl`'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?=< 0!3>!3=

6' Haw`v`r+ th`r` cr` sjlgjfjmcgt cevcgtcl`s ta shaatjgl 3>8>j6>'Fjrst+ whjk` 6>j mcg o` magv`rtè ejr`mtky ta ?5p+ 0>j dust o`magv`rtè ta ?0p cge th`g skawè eawg 5$p`rm`gt eurjgl th`trcgsf`r ta ?5fps fjkd' Uh` skaweawg (frad ?0p ta ?5p* js usuckkygat gatjm`cok`+ out jt ea`s r`qujr` thct th` ejckal trcmb o` tjd`$

`xpcgeè oy 5$p`rm`gt wjthaut shjftjgl pjtmh' \hjk` thjs js gatejffjmukt+ skawjgl dusjm jg th` praeumtjag‚s Ujd`kjg` oy 5$p`rm`gt jsdar` ejffjmukt' Uh`r`far`+ shaatjgl cge èjtjgl 3>8>j6> js c fcrsjdpk`r'

Uhus+ Y3 shaat`rs r`ckky hcv` twa prcmtjmck aptjags9 shaat 3>8>j0> ar3>8>j6>'

]haatjgl Magsje`rctjags

\h`g yau us` Mjg`Frcd` ?5+ Mjg`Frcd` ?0+ ar Mjg`Frcd` =>―ar yaupkcg ta e`jgt`rkcmè 3>8>j0> ta ?0fps ar 3>8>j6> ta ?5fps―yau g`èta aos`rv` s`v`rck mjg`dctalrcphy ‛ruk`s— ta pr`v`gt ‛iuee`r(straojgl*'

û Cvaje shats wh`r` th` suoi`mt!aoi`mt dav`d`gt js cmrass th` mcd`rc‚sfrcd`'

û Cvaje shats wh`r` th` mcd`rc pcgs ar tjkts upag c stctjm suoi`mt'

û Dav`d`gt af c suoi`mt!aoi`mt tawcre ar cwcy frad th` mcd`rc js fjg`'

Ejclagck dav`d`gt js dae`rct`ky cmm`ptcok`'

û Cvaje rcpje mcd`rc dav`d`gt―ga whjp$pcgs'

û ]haat wje` wh`g th`r` js c kat af datjag―HE hakes e`tcjk jg c wje`$shat'

û Jf passjok`+ dav` th` mcd`rc wjth th` suoi`mt ar aoi`mt cge ct th` scd`sp`è'

û Fakkaw$pcg9 pcg ct th` scd` sp`è cs c suoi`mt!aoi`mt dav`s thraulh cshat'

û Jg th`s` kcst twa sjtuctjags+ us` c mkas`$up ta cvaje shawjgl ocmblraugee`tcjk' Ckt`rgctjv`ky+ us` djgjdud E`pth$af$Fj`ke'

û Jf yau ea gat wcgt ta pcg wjth c davjgl suoi`mt+ us` th` Ucok` o`kaw far marr`mt pcggjgl sp`ès'

E`jgt`rkcm` ^ram`ss

Jf yau cr` warbjgl wjth 3>8>j0> vjeà+ yau sjdpky g`è ta e`jgt`rkcm`jt ta aotcjg ?0p vjeà' Haw`v`r+ jf yau hcv` 3>8>j6> vjeà yau dustcppky ?9=9?9= pukkeawg (ta aotcjg ?5fps vjeà* cge th`g e`$jgt`rkcm`ta ?5p'

Zau wjkk g`è c saftwcr` cppkjmctjag ta p`rfard th`s` tcsbs' EVFjkdEjljtck Urcgsf`r+ kagl bgawg far kaw$mast trcgsf`r af ]E cge HE vjeàta fjkd+ hcs r`k`csè v`rsjag ?'? af th`jr EVFjkd Dcb`r utjkjty far\jgeaws X^ cge A] X' EVFjkd Dcb`r jgmkue`s c e`jgt`rkcm` fugmtjagthct mcg o` usè jf yau shat cge èjtè 3>8>j0> ar 3>8>j0:':5 HEV'

E`jgt`rkcmjgl D`thaes

Uh`r` cr` duktjpk` wcys ta cmmadpkjsh e`jgt`rkcmjgl+ th`s` d`thaesfckk jgta twa mct`larj`s9 gag$cecptjv` (oao+ w`cv`+ cge ?E FJ_ fjkt`r*

cge cecptjv` (frcd`$cecptjv`+ r`ljag$cecptjv`+ cge v`mtar$cecptjv`*'oao

oao mcg o` cmmadpkjshè jg twa wcys'

Ø Cs `cmh fj`ke js jgput+ `v`ry kjg` js eupkjmctè cge jgs`rtè csckt`rgct` kjg`s jg cg autput frcd`' Uh`s` eupkjmct` kjg`s+ pkus thàrjljgck kjg`s+ mr`ct` c pralr`ssjv` frcd`' Ckthaulh sjdpk` ta

Mcd`rc _`madd`geè ^cggjgl ]p`ès farCppraxjdct`ky 38>¾ ]hutt`r

Far stctjm sm`g`s' Far :>¾ sw``p ct vcrjaus mcd`rc sp`èscge wjth ejff`r`gt famck k`glth k`gs`s2 `xcdpk`9 =>fps wjth5>dd k`gs (fukk$wje`* shauke tcb` 36 s`mages ta pcg :>¾

Famck k`glth af k`gs jg dd

5> > <0 80 3>> 30> 38>

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Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?=: 0!3>!3=

jdpk`d`gt+ v`rtjmck r`sakutjag js rèumè oy 0>$p`rm`gt madpcrèta th` arjljgck jgt`rkcm` frcd`s'

Ø Cs `cmh 05>$kjg` fj`ke js jgput+ cg jgt`rpakctar l`g`rct`s th` g`èè(rè* pjx`ks frad pjx`ks (okcmb* jg th` kjg`s ejr`mtky coav` cge o`kaw

mr`ctè kjg`s'

Uh` r`sukt js c sygth`tjm 3>8>$kjg` frcd` thct js s`gt ta th` ejspkcypcg`k `cmh fj`ke$tjd`―`v`ry 3!0>th ar 3!6>th s`mage' Ua sad`+ th`magstrumtè jdcl` s``ds ta vjorct` up cge eawg+ h`gm` th` t`rd ‛oao'—

Ejclagcks cr` gat hcgekè w`kk o`mcus` th` jgt`rpakctar mcggat mr`ct`pjx`ks sjgm` th`r` cr` ga pjx`ks coav` cge o`kaw th` kamctjags wh`r`th`y shauke o` pkcmè (y`kkaw m`kks*' @ff`mtjv` v`rtjmck r`sakutjag jskjdjtè ta 05> UVK p`r fj`ke$tjd`'





\`cv`

\`cv` madojg`s aee$kjg`s frad th` murr`gt frcd` wjth th` `v`g$kjg`sfrad th` pr`vjaus frcd` jgta c 3>8>$kjg` ‛frcd`'— G`xt+ `v`g$kjg`s jgth` murr`gt frcd` cr` wav`g wjth aee$kjg`s jg th` murr`gt frcd` jgta c3>8>$kjg` ‛frcd`'— Uhus+ c sygth`tjm 3>8>$kjg` frcd` js mr`ctè `cmh

fj`ke tjd`' O`mcus` jgfardctjag frad ejff`r`gt dad`gts jg tjd` jsmadojgè+ davjgl aoi`mts wjkk hcv` madojgl ag th`jr èl`s' C s`mage$stcl`+ jsatrapjm fjkt`r js mrjtjmck ta ok`gejgl pjx`ks ct th` èl`s af davjgl aoi`mts jg are`r ta rèum` madojgl'

Uh` r`sukt js c sygth`tjm 3>8>$kjg` frcd` thct js s`gt ta th` ejspkcypcg`k `cmh fj`ke$tjd`―`v`ry 3!0>th ar 3!6>th s`mage' _`sakutjag t`stswjkk jgejmct` cg `ff`mtjv` v`rtjmck r`sakutjag af up ta 3>8> UVK+ p`rfj`ke$tjd`'

?E FJ_

Cft`r ag` fj`ke js ejsmcreè+ th` r`dcjgjgl 05>$kjg` fj`ke js v`rtjmckkysmckè ta c 3>8>$kjg` frcd` usjgl c ?E FJ_ fjkt`r' C ?E FJ_ fjkt`r mcghcv` c sdckk ar kcrl` gudo`r ‛tcps— wh`r` `cmh tcp js c scdpk` (oku`m`kks*' Murr`gt fjkt`rs hcv` up ta 3>?5 tcps2 whjmh wauke suppart c=?x=? wjgeaw crauge `cmh tcrl`t pjx`k (y`kkaw m`kks*'





Uh` l`g`rctè pjx`ks (rè eats* yj`ke c frcd` wjth ga jgt`rkcm`crtjfcmts cge r`kctjv`ky f`w icllj`s' V`rtjmck r`sakutjag wjkk o` jgmr`csèr`sakutjag oy cppraxjdct`ky 3'5'

Frcd`$ocsè Datjag Cecptjv` E`jgt`rkcmjgl

Frcd`$cecptjv` e`jgt`rkcmjgl us`s kaljm ta d`csur` datjag o`tw``gfj`kes' Far stctjm frcd`s―frcd`s wjth kjttk` ar ga datjag―w`cv` js`dpkayè' Far eygcdjm frcd`s―frcd`s wjth datjag―`jth`r c ?E FJ_fjkt`r ar c oao jgt`rpakctar js usè ta l`g`rct` c g`w frcd`'

_`ljag$ocsè Datjag Cecptjv` E`jgt`rkcmjgl

_`ljag$cecptjv` e`jgt`rkcmjgl us`s kaljm ta d`csur` jgt`r$fj`ke datjagwjthjg r`ljags' Uh` sdckk`r th` r`ljag+ th` dar` tatck jdcl` r`sakutjagjs dcxjdjzè' \`cv` js usè far stctjm r`ljags' Far eygcdjm r`ljags+`jth`r c ?E FJ_ fjkt`r ar c oao jgt`rpakctar js usè ta l`g`rct` c g`wfrcd`'

Datjag V`mtar Cecptjv` E`jgt`rkcmjgl

C V`mtar Cecptjv` jgt`rpakctar us`s d`dary ta hake duktjpk` fj`kes'Kaljm d`csur`s datjag o`tw``g fj`kes jg d`dary' Far stctjm frcd`s―w`cv` js `dpkayè' Uh`r`far`+ wjth stctjm vjeà+ `cmh g`w frcd`mad`s frad madojgjgl twa fj`kes' Far eygcdjm vjeà―scdpk`s mad`frad th` murr`gt pkus c pr`vjaus cge!ar c futur` fj`ke' Uhjs mr`ct`s c=E jgt`rpakctar thct supparts up ta 5 v`mtars wjthjg c fj`ke+ pkus up ta: jgta th` pr`mèjgl cge fakkawjgl fj`ke(s*'

Datjag Madp`gsctè E`jgt`rkcmjglUhjs t`mhgjqu` ct ag` tjd` wcs thaulht ta o` taa madpk`x tajdpk`d`gt jg hcrewcr` js murr`gtky usè jg ]EUV stcgecres magv`rt`rscge js o`ljggjgl ta cpp`cr jg hjlh$`ge EUV fardct magv`rt`rs'

E`t`rdjgjgl th` cdaugt af shjft far `cmh pjx`k js r`f`rrè ta cs datjag`stjdctjag+ jg whjmh datjag v`mtars cr` je`gtjfjè cge trcmbè fradag` fj`ke ta cgath`r' Uhjs js typjmckky jdpk`d`gtè cs c okamb$dctmhjglpram`ss' (Uypjmck okamb sjz`s rcgl` frad 5x5 ta 8x8'* Datjagmadp`gsctjag magsjsts af shjftjgl th` pjx`ks jg th` twa t`dparckky

ejspkcmè fj`kes ta c maddag pajgt jg tjd`' Uh`r`far`+ DatjagMadp`gsctè e`jgt`rkcmjgl d`csur`s th` jgt`r$fj`ke datjag cge th`gckjlgs ectc o`tw``g th` twa vjeà fj`kes+ dcxjdjzjgl th` v`rtjmckr`sakutjag af th` jdcl`'

EVFjkd D`thae

EVFjkd us`s cg Cecptjv` e`jgt`rkcm` pram`ss' Datjag js e`t`mtè ag ckjg`$oy$kjg` ocsjs' Cr`cs wjth ga datjag wjkk mcrry$farwcre ckk kjg`s'Cr`cs wjth dav`d`gt+ haw`v`r+ wjkk mcrry$farwcre agky jgfardctjagfrad ag` fj`ke' Uh` r`sukt js c frcd` thct hcs+ jg ckk pcrts+ dcxjdudv`rtjmck r`sakutjag wjthaut jgt`rkcm` crtjfcmts'

^r`pcr` far \jgeaws X^

Eawgkace FVFjkd Dcb`r Ptjkjty ct (www'evfjkd'mad* cge jgstckk uge`r\jgeaws X^'

^r`pcr` far Dcm A] X

Eawgkace FVFjkd Dcb`r Ptjkjty ct (www'evfjkd'mad* cge jgstckk uge`r A]X' Uh` v`rsjag yau g`è far FM^ 0 wjkk agky rug wjth SujmbUjd` < cge

A] 3>'5 (Ujl`r*' Ps` th` v`rsjag af EVFjkd Dcb`r thct js jg thÈVFjkd Dcb`r ” SU< fake`r'

\h`g ta Magv`rt ta ^ralr`ssjv` Vjeà

Uh`r` cr` twa pajgts eurjgl pastpraeumtjag wh`g jgt`rkcmè vjeà mcgo` magv`rtè frad 0>j ar 6>j ta ?=':8p ar ?0p' Jf yau wcgt ta èjt wjthc ?=':8fps ar ?0fps Ujd`kjg`+ th`g ckk yaur vjeà saurm` dct`rjck dusto` magv`rtè o`far` èjtjgl' Uh`r` cr` s`v`rck cevcgtcl`s ta

magv`rtjgl th` faatcl` ta tru` ?5p!?0p o`far` èjtjgl' Jf yau wjkk o`cppkyjgl skaw$ ar fcst$datjag `ff`mts+ th`y wjkk kaab o`st jf warbjglwjth pralr`ssjv` vjeà' ^ralr`ssjv`$smcg frcd`s cr` cksa o`tt`r tawarb wjth wh`g cppkyjgl datjag lrcphjms+ madpasjt`s+ ar ath`r vjsuck`ff`mts' Daràv`r+ th` ectc spcm` r`qujr`d`gts cge p`rfardcgm`r`qujr`d`gts far pkcyocmb cr` ?>$p`rm`gt k`ss thcg warbjgl wjthjgt`rkcm` vjeà'

\jth GU]M cge ^CK dct`rjck+ th` magv`rsjag pram`ss js qujt` fcst'Daràv`r+ jf th` cdaugt af saurm` dct`rjck yau hcv` js gat lr`ct+ thjsjs v`ry prcmtjmck pajgt jg tjd` ta dcb` th` magv`rsjag' Haw`v`r+ wh`g

warbjgl wjth HE vjeà―`sp`mjckky HEV―th` magv`rsjag pram`ss mcgtcb` dumh kagl`r tjd`' Maupk` th` kagl`r ‛p`r frcd`— magv`rsjag tjd`cge c kcrl` cdaugt af saurm` vjeà―cge th` strct`ly af warbjgl wjthc ?5p ar ?0p Ujd`kjg` o`mad`s dumh k`ss prcmtjmck' Haw`v`r+ jf yauwcgt ta p`rfard c pr`$èjt magv`rsjag+ th` magv`rsjag pram`ss js`xpkcjgè jg$e`pth kct`r jg thjs Mhcpt`r'

Jg cg je`ck warke+ kagl$fard praeumtjags―thct typjmckky o`ljg wjth cg`gardaus cdaugt af saurm` vjeà―wauke o` th` k`cst kjb`ky ta `dpkaysp`mjck `ff`mts thct e`dcge c pralr`ssjv` tjd`kjg`' Uh`r`far`+ kagl$fard èjtars mcg warb wjth jgt`rkcmè vjeà th`ròy `kjdjgctjgl thòure`g af magv`rtjgl saurm` dct`rjck o`far` th` èjt' Jg thjs mcs`+ th`

sakutjag js ta èjt HEV ct 3>8>j0> ar 3>8>j6> cge th`g `xpart cgjgt`rkcmè 3>8>j0> ar 3>8>j6> SujmbUjd` davj`' (Haw`v`r+ cvajesmrakkjgl tjtk`s ar hcv` th` kco fjkd praeum` yaur tjtk`s'*

Jf yau cr` warbjgl wjth Ceao` ^r`dj`r` ^ra ar ]agy V`lcs+ yau shauke`xpart usjgl th` Mjg`Fard MFHE mae`m wjth th` quckjty s`t ta 3>>$p`rm`gt' Jf yau cr` warbjgl wjth Fjgck Mut ^ra 0+ yau shauke gat `xpartta HEV ar CJM' Je`ckky+ yau shauke `xpart c 3>$ojt+ 59?9?+ugmadpr`ssè davj`' Jg thjs mcs`+ yau wjkk g`è 8=0LOs af starcl` farc :>$djgut` davj`' Ua erap yaur starcl` r`qujr`d`gts ta 6?0LOs+yau mcg mhaas` 8$ojt ugmadpr`ssè vjeà' O`mcus` th` davj` wjkk gat

o` ‛pkcyè— frad th` ejsb―c _CJE js gat g`m`sscry' C kcrl` J'KJGBerjv` js cmm`ptcok`' Gaw+ yau hcv` twa mhajm`s'

K`t th` Kco Ea th` Magv`rsjag―Cft`r @ejtjgl

Zau mcg s`ge c hcre ejsb(s* magtcjgjgl yaur 3>8>j0> ar 3>8>j6> davj`ta EVFjkd ar dcgy ath`r vjeà$ta$fjkd kcos' EVFjkd cmm`pts Dcm ar\jgeaws fardcttè erjv`s9 ]M]J+ JE@+ cge J'KJGB erjv`s' Fjk` fardctsdust o` SujmbUjd` usjgl cgy suppartè mae`m' Uh`y wjkk ea ckk th`g`m`sscry pram`ssjgl cge l`g`rct` yaur davj`'

âst$praeumtjag

Cs yau èjt+ yau g`è ta o` cwcr` thct th` dcxjdud eurctjag af `cmhfjkd r``k js ?>'0 djgut`s' Uhus+ yau wjkk g`è ta mr`ct` ‛r``k$mhcgl`— pajgts jg yaur vjeà praeumtjag' Uh`s` pajgts shauke o` ercdctjmckkykaljmck cge gat hcvjgl cgy aglajgl sauge' Zau dust cksa suppky c kjstaf tjd`mae`s far th` r``k$mhcgl` pajgts ta yaur kco'

Frcd`$rct` Magv`rsjags

Far thas` af wha cr` usè ta warbjgl wjth agky GU]M ar ^CK frcd`$rct`s9 ?:':<fps cge 0>fps―th` rcgl` af rct`s `dpkayè wh`g warbjglwjth fjkd dcy o` jgjtjckky magfusjgl' Uhcgbfukky+ `xcmtky th` appasjt` jstru`' Ppag arlcgjzjgl ckk th`s` ejspcrct` frcd`$rct`s+ w` s`` thr``mk`cr pctt`rgs `d`rl`―cs shawg jg th` Ucok` o`kaw'

Ucrl`tFjkd _ct`

_ctÈjff`r`gm`frad ?5fps

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_ct`

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Fardct

?=':8fps $ >'3%

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?=':8 ?5fps pralr`ssjv` IVM ^raHE ?5fp

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0:':5 =>fps jgt`rkcm` ]agy9 HEV 3>8>j6>

?5'>>fps 393?5'>> ?5fps pralr`ssjv`

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?0'>>fps "5'?%

?0'>> ?0fps pralr`ssjv` Vcrjmcd <?>p ?5fp

?0'>> ?0fps pralr`ssjv` IVM9 ^raHE ?0fps

0>'>> 0>fps jgt`rkcm` HEMCD 3>8>j0>

Uh` thr`` mct`larj`s jgmkue` c tcrl`t rct` af ?5fps cge twa ath`r

aptjags―ag` skjlhtky skaw`r cge ag` hjlh`r' Uh` kaw`r+ ?=':<6fps+rct` js >'3$p`rm`gt skaw`r thcg ?5fps' Uh` hjlh`r+ ?0fps+ rct` js5$p`rm`gt fcst`r'

Zau wjkk gat`+ th`r` cr` thr`` fjkd rct`s cr` pr`s`gtè jg th` Ucok`9?=':8fps+ ?5fps+ cge ?0fps'

Uh` fjrst frcmtjag (”>'3* js fcdjkjcr ta ckk af us jg GU]M kcge o`mcus`jt r`pr`s`gts haw dumh =>fps vjeà wcs skawè ta `gcok` makarjgfardctjag ta o` madpctjoky mcrrjè wjth c dagamhrad` pjmtur`' Jt jscksa th` ejff`r`gm` jg pralrcd eurctjags o`tw``g erap$frcd` cge gag$erap$frcd` tjd`mae`'

Uh` s`mage frcmtjag ("5'?* wjkk o` fcdjkjcr ta thas` wha us` ^CK`qujpd`gt+ cs jt js th` ejff`r`gm` o`tw``g th` frcd` rct` far ^CK vjeàcge th` frcd` rct` af fjkd'





\h`g+ cft`r th` trcgsf`r frad vjeà ta fjkd+ w` prai`mt th` fjkd ct?5fps+ agky th` magv`rsjag eag` wjth c tcrl`t rct` af ?5'>> wjkk o`p`rf`mt' Cueja wjkk pkcy jg p`rf`mt sygm cge ct th` marr`mt pjtmh'Urcgsf`rs wjth c tcrl`t rct` af ?=':8 wjkk o` vjsuckky p`rf`mt' Vajm`scge sauge `ff`mts wjkk cksa sauge fjg`' Daràv`r+ dast jg th` cuej`gm`

wjkk gat o` cok` ta e`t`mt th` v`ry skjlhtky hjlh`r pjtmh ag dusjm' Af maurs`+ th` fjkd wjkk rug >'3$p`rm`gt shart`r thcg `xp`mtè―whjmh js`csy ta madp`gsct` far eurjgl th` èjt wh`g yau bgaw jt js lajgl tahcpp`g'

\h`g+ haw`v`r+ w` prai`mt th` fjkd ct ?5fps cft`r c magv`rsjag wjth ctcrl`t rct` af ?0'>>―gat ckk wjkk o` w`kk' Uh` fjkd wjkk rug 5$p`rm`gtkagl`r thcg `xp`mtè―clcjg `csy ta madp`gsct` far eurjgl th` èjt'Uh` arjljgck saugetrcmb wjkk pkcy ct th` marr`mt pjtmh+ out 5$p`rm`gtfcst`r thcg th` vjsucks'

Uh` sakutjag js madpk`x' Uh` arjljgck saugetrcmb mcggat+ o`mcus` jtrugs 5$p`rm`gt fcst`r thcg th` vjsucks+ o` usè wjthaut madpk`xpram`ssjgl' Ejckal cge sauge `ff`mts mcg o` skawè oy 5$p`rm`gt cgeth`g pjtmh marr`mtè' Dusjm+ haw`v`r+ js c praok`d' Jf yau ea gat hcv`dusjm cs c s`pcrct` `k`d`gt+ yau wjkk hcv` ta kjv` wjth th` ejstartjagmr`ctè oy th` pjtmh rcjsjgl pram`ss ag sustcjgè tag`s'

Haw ta ^ram`è ta Fjkd

Zau shauke o` cwcr` th`r` cr` dcgy ath`r kcos thct wjkk trcgsf`r vjeàta =0dd fjkd' ]ad` cr` kcrl`+ whjk` ath`rs cr` kamck kcos thct hcvè`v`kapè th`jr awg pram`ss`s' FjkdU`cd+ kamctè jg Custjg U`xcs+ jscg `xcdpk` af th` kctt`r'

Haw`v`r+ th` dast jdpartcgt r`madd`gectjag J mcg dcb` js ta stcrtwarbjgl wjth whad`v`r yau pkcg wjkk ea yaur trcgsf`r―o`far` yaustcrt shaatjgl' Daràv`r+ magsukt wjth th`d thaulh aut th` praeumtjag'Eurjgl praeumtjag cge past$praeumtjag+ yau dcy wcgt ta suodjtscdpk`s far t`st trcgsf`rs'

Ckk th`s` pramèur`s cr` e`sjlgè ta pr`v`gt mastky surprjs`s wh`g th`mrjtjmck tjd` mad`s far yaur praeumtjag ta o` trcgsf`rrè ta fjkd'

Cpp`gejx C9 HE Fardcts

Jf yau `xcdjg` th` ‛CU]M Ucok` =— cs jgt`rpr`tè jg th` Ucok` o`kaw+

yau wjkk fjge th`r` cr` sjx HE$EUV fardcts cge cg ceejtjagck tw`kv`

]E$EUV fardcts'

EUV

]tcgecres

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=> pjx`ks frad th` 3:?>x3>8> `k`d`gt MMEscr` pr`$fjkt`rè ta yj`ke 355> pjx`ks' Uh`g 355> pjx`k kudjgcgm` sjlgck

( Z* js th`g scdpkè' Uh` Mo cge Mr makar ejff`r`gm` sjlgcks ejljtjzèta pravje` 65>x3>8> scdpkjgl far `cmh mhradc madpag`gt' Uh`3<9696 scdpkè vjeà js r`mareè ct 35>Dops'

]agy HE Mjg`Cktc ?5^ Dae`

]agy hcs jgtraeumè /^ralr`ssjv` Dae` wjth ]`ld`gtè Fj`kes/t`mhgakaly' Uh` mcd`rc us`s pralr`ssjv` smcggjgl ct 3:?>x3>8> wjth

frcd` rct` af ?5fps' @cmh 3>8>$kjg` jdcl` js starè jg c ouff`r' Uh`g`v`ry 3!58th s`mage ckt`rgctjgl s`ts af 05>$kjg`s cr` wrjtt`g ta cgHEMCD r`mare`r' Uh` r`mare`r tr`cts th` jgput cs 58 fj`ke$p`r$s`magejgt`rkcm` vjeà' Af maurs`+ th`r` cr` ga jgt`rkcm` crtjfcmts jg thjs3>8>j58 vjeà' Uh` e`sjlgctjag far thjs vjeà js ?=':<6^sF'

]agy HEMCD$]_

]agy hcs jgtraeumè c hjlh$e`fjgjtjag ugmadpr`ssè ejljtck 59595 _LO

fardct' HEMCD ]_ mcptur`s th` fukk e`tcjk af th` 3:?>x3>8> wjthautpr`$fjkt`rjgl ar suo$scdpkjgl' Uh` HEMCD ]_ r`marejgl mcpjtckjz`s agth` ugjqu` g`w smckcok` D^@L$5 ]tueja ^rafjk` madpr`ssjag cklarjthdta cmhj`v` c djke madpr`ssjag rctja' HEMCD$]_ r`mares ct cgcstaugejgl 55> d`lcojts$p`r$s`mage' HEMCD$]_ hcs th` cojkjty tar`mare 3:?>x3>8> pralr`ssjv` HE vjeà'

]agy XEMCD cge XEMCD HE

]agy‚s XEMCD fardct js cg aptjmck r`marejgl fardct' Uh` aptjmck dèjcmagsjsts af c 3?$m`gtjd`t`r (0$jgmh* r`wrjtcok` ejsm jg c prat`mtjv`mcrtrjel`' Oku` kcs`r t`mhgakaly far r`marejgl cge pkcyocmb ckkawsdumh hjlh`r$r`marejgl mcpcmjty cge ocgewjeth thcg passjok` frad rèkcs`r'

Uh` aptjmck syst`d wjkk aff`r th` mhajm` af r`marejgl vjeà wjth thÈVMCD mae`m ct ?0Dops ar th` D^@L$?+ JDX mae`m ct =>+ 5> ar0>Dops' C sjglk` ejsm hakes :>$djgut`s af EVMCD dct`rjck―ar 50$djgut`s af D^@L JDX dct`rjck r`mareè ct 0>Dops+ 00$djgut`s ct5>Dops+ cge <0$djgut`s ct =>Dops'

\h`g r`marejgl hjlh e`fjgjtjag usjgl XEMCD HE+ c sjglk` ejsm hakes50$djgut`s af VO_ D^@L$? dct`rjck r`mareè ct =6Dops' (Ath`r ectcrct`s jgmkue` 38Dops cge ?0Dops'* Makar scdpkjgl js 59?9>' XEMCDHE mcdmare`rs cge VU_s cksa r`mare usjgl th` EVMCD mae`m ct?0Dops'

^cgcsagjm E$0

Uhjs fardct js r`mareè ag 3!?$jgmh tcp` usjgl 8$ ar 3>$ojt Z^rô ectc'Jt r`mares 3:?>x3>8> kudc cge :6>x05> mhradc madpag`gts' Jt mcgo` usè ta r`mare 3>8>p?5+ <?>p0>+ <?>p6>+ 3>8>j0>+ 3>8>j6>+ cge

3>8>p6>' Uh` ??933933 r`sukt js r`mareè ct ?=0Dops'

^cgcsagjm EVM^_A HE

^rjar ta madpr`ssjag+ 3?8> pjx`ks frad 3?8>x<?> `k`d`gt MMEs cr`pr`$fjkt`rè ta yj`ke :6> pjx`ks' Uh` :6>$pjx`k kudjgcgm` sjlgck ( Z* jsth`g scdpkè' Uh` Mo cge Mr makar ejff`r`gm` sjlgcks cr` ejljtjzè tapravje` 58>x<?> scdpkjgl far `cmh mhradc madpag`gt' Uh` ??933933r`sukt js r`mareè ct 3>>Dops'

^rjar ta madpr`ssjag+ 3:?> pjx`ks frad 3:?>x3>8> `k`d`gt MMEs cr`pr`$fjkt`rè ta yj`ke 3?8> pjx`ks' Uh` 3?8> pjx`k kudjgcgm` sjlgck ( Z* jsth`g scdpkè' Uh` Mo cge Mr makar ejff`r`gm` sjlgcks cr` ejljtjzè tapravje` 65>x3>8> scdpkjgl far `cmh mhradc madpag`gt' Uh`??933933 r`sukt js r`mareè ct 3>>Dops'

^cgcsagjm HE Vcrjmcd

Uhjs <?>p EVM^_A HE mcg r`mare ?5fps cs w`kk cs frcd` rct`s frad 5$fps ta 6>$fps jg sjglk` frcd` jgmr`d`gts

^cgcsagjm ^?

^cgcsagjm‚s ^? fardct us`s cg `gtjr`ky sakje$stct` r`marejgl syst`d'^cgcsagjm s`kks ^? (^MDMJC sjzè* mcres wjth ?LO+ 5LO+ cge 8LO af d`dary' C 8LO ^? mcre mcg r`mare up ta 8 djgut`s af EVM^_A HEvjeà' Haw`v`r+ wh`g ct ?5fps+ HE r`marejgl tjd` js jgmr`csè ta ?>djgut`s'

^cgcsagjm‚s CI$HEX?>> hcs twa ^? skats' \jth twa 8LO ^? mcres+ yaumcg r`mare up ta 36 djgut`s af EVM^_A HE vjeà' Haw`v`r+ wh`g

shaatjgl ct ?5fps+ HE r`marejgl tjd` js jgmr`csè ta 5> djgut`s'





^cgcsagjm HVX$?>> ^? Mcdmare`r





Cpp`gejx O9 Cgckal CuejaMagg`mtjags

Cpp`gejx O e`cks wjth praok`ds typjmckky `gmaugt`rè wh`g yau

magg`mtè djmraphag`s cge djx`rs ta yaur mcdmare`r'

Cueja sjlgcks cr` typjmckky s`gt av`r c kagl ejstcgm` o`far` th`y crèjljtjzè wjth c mcdmare`r' Cgckal cueja js trcgsdjttè usjgl `jth`rugockcgmè ar ockcgmè smh`d`s' Magsud`r `qujpd`gt us`sugockcgmè magg`mtjags wh`r`cs praf`ssjagck `qujpd`gt us`sockcgmè magg`mtjags' Uh` purpas` af usjgl c ockcgmè magg`mtjag jsta rèum` th` passjojkjty af gajs` magtcdjgctjgl th` sjlgck―`sp`mjckkywh`g th` cueja dust o` s`gt av`r kagl$ejstcgm`s'

Pgockcgmè Magg`mtjags

Uh` sjlgck js s`gt eawg c sjglk`+ jgsukctè kjg` thct js mav`rè oyorcje' Uh` orcje+ whjmh js usuckky magg`mtè ta mhcssjs lrauge ct `cmh`ge+ hcs twa fugmtjags' Fjrst+ th` orcje cmts cs c /shj`ke/ ta h`kpprat`mt th` sjlgck frad gajs` jgeumè agta th` sjlgck k`ce' ]`mage+ thòrcje pravje`s th` /r`turg$pcth/ far th` sjlgck' Gardckky ugockcgmèmagg`mtjags warb fjg`' Haw`v`r+ jf th`r` cr` stragl saurm`s af gajs` jg

th` `gvjragd`gt th`y mcg pcss thraulh th` shj`ke' ]umh gajs` mcgmad` frad 0>Hz!6>Hz paw`r$kjg`s+ 3>>Hz!3?>Hz /ouzz/ fradfkuar`sm`gt kjlhts+ cge _F sjlgcks frad `qujpd`gt (`sp`mjckkymadput`rs* cge rceja!t`k`vjsjag stctjags' Uh` sjlgck+ pkus cgy gajs`thct hcs o``g pjmbè$up+ cr` jgput ct th` r`m`jvjgl `ge' Cs th` cdaugtaf gajs` jgmr`cs`s th` magg`mtjag,s sjlgck$ta$gajs` rctja js e`mr`csè'

Zau mcg r`malgjz` ugockcgmè magg`mtjags oy th` fcmt th`y cr`t`rdjgctè wjth _MC magg`mtars' ^hag`$pkuls (3!5$jgmh* cge djgj$pkuls (3!8$jgmh* mcg cksa o` usè cs ugockcgmè magg`mtars' Uh` pkulsusè hcv` twa$mageumtars' Zau mcg purmhcs` ugockcgmè$ta$ockcgmè

cge ugockcgmè$ta$ockcgmè magv`rt`rs' O` sur` yau mhaas` thas`thct hcv` c w`kk$shj`keè jgt`rgck trcgsfard`r' Jg ceejtjag+ o` sur` th`magv`rsjag frad ugockcgmè ta ockcgm` js eag` cs mkas` cs passjok` tath` ugockcgmè autput magg`mtar' Pgockcgmè magg`mtjags cr`t`rdjgctè jg c hjlh$jdpècgm` (aft`g mckkè /hjlh$Y/* kace'





Ockcgmè Magg`mtjags

Uh` sjlgck js s`gt eawg twa jgsukctè kjg`s thct cr` twjstè crauge`cmh ath`r cge mav`rè oy orcje' (Uh` kjg`s cr` twjstè ta `gsur` cgygajs` jgtraeumè js jgeumè `quckky jg oath kjg`s'* Uh` sjlgck js s`gt

av`r th` twa kjg`s /aut$af$phcs`'/ Uh` orcje+ whjmh js usuckkymagg`mtè ta mhcssjs lrauge ct `cmh `ge+ hcs twa fugmtjags' Fjrst+ thòrcje cmts cs c /shj`ke/ ta h`kp prat`mt th` sjlgck frad gajs` jgeumèagta th` sjlgck k`ces' ]`mage+ th` orcje pravje`s th` /r`turg$pcth/ farth` sjlgck' \h`g c ockcgmè magg`mtjag js jdd`rsè jg c stragl saurmàf gajs` ar wh`g th` saurm` cge e`stjgctjag `qujpd`gt js ct ejff`r`gtmhcssjs$lrauge pat`gtjcks+ gajs` js jgeumè `quckky jg oath sjlgck kjg`s'Uh` gajs` js jgeumè jg$phcs`' Ct th` r`m`jvjgl `ge+ th` sjlgck jsaotcjgè frad th` /ejff`r`gm`/ o`tw``g th` twa kjg`s' Uh` jg$phcs`gajs` js mcgm`kè cge sa th` sjlgck$ta$gajs` rctja r`dcjgs hjlh'

Zau mcg r`malgjz` ockcgmè magg`mtjags oy th` fcmt th`y cr`t`rdjgctè wjth XK_ (=$pjg* magg`mtars' (^hag`$pkuls (3!5$jgmh* mcgcksa o` usè cs ockcgmè magg`mtars' Uh` pkuls usè hcv` thr``$mageumtars'* Zau mcg purmhcs` ockcgmè$ta$ugockcgmè cgeugockcgmè$ta$ockcgmè magv`rt`rs' O` sur` yau mhaas` thas` thcthcv` c w`kk$shj`keè jgt`rgck trcgsfard`r' Jg ceejtjag+ o` sur` th`magv`rsjag frad ockcgmè ta ugockcgm` js eag` cs mkas` cs passjok` tath` ugockcgmè jgput magg`mtar' Ockcgmè magg`mtjags cr` usuckkyt`rdjgctè jg c 6>>$ahd kace―ckthaulh c hjlh$jdpècgm` (aft`gmckkè /hjlh$Y/* kace sad`tjd`s js usè'

]jlgck K`v`ks

Magsud`r sjlgcks cr` s`gt ct c kaw`r vaktcl` thcg cr` praf`ssjagcksjlgcks' Uh`r` cr` thr`` e`fjgè r`f`r`gm` k`v`ks9 $3>eOu+ $8eOu+ cge"5eOu' Uh` fard`r twa cr` th` kaw`r r`f`r`gm` k`v`ks usè oymagsud`r `qujpd`gt' Uh` kctt`r js th` hjlh`r r`f`r`gm` k`v`k usè oypraf`ssjagck `qujpd`gt' Kcrl` g`lctjv` gudo`rs cr` saft`r thcgsdckk`r g`lctjv` gudo`rs'

Gat` thct dcgy pj`m`s af pra l`cr hcv` swjtmh`s thct mcg s`t oathautput cge jgput r`f`r`gm` k`v`ks ta `jth`r "5eOu ar $3>eOu' Uh`swjtmh dcy o` `jth`r cg `xt`rgck ar cg jgt`rgck physjmck swjtmh―ardcy o` s`t vjc c d`gu' Djm k`v`ks typjmckky rcgl` frad ”5>eO ta$6>eOu'





Cpp`gejx M9 ]jglk` Jdcl` ]`gsar U`mhgakaly

IVM cge ]agy‚s shjpd`gt af sjglk` s`gsar mcdmare`rs hcs oraulht th`jssu` af th` gudo`r af s`gsars usè jg c mcdmare`r ta th` far`'

]jglk` mhjp mcd`rcs `dpkay ag` af thr`` fjkt`r smh`d`s9Madpkjd`gtcry makar+ Ocy`r (prjdcry makar*+ cge IVM‚s g`w HyorjeMadpk`d`gtcry$^rjdcry e`sjlg' (Uh` Madpk`d`gtcry Dascjm Fjkt`r jsga kagl`r `dpkayè oy dae`rg mcd`rcs'* Ckk dcb` us` af c ? oy ?MME `k`d`gt mkust`r ta aotcjg kudjgcgm` cge mhradjgcgm` jgfardctjagcs shawg jg th` thr`` Ejclrcds o`kaw'

Madpk`d`gtcry Dascjm Fjkt`r

Ocy`r Dascjm Fjkt`r

Hyorje Madpk`d`gtcry$^rjdcry Dascjm Fjkt`r

]agy Ocy`r MDA]

Uh` g`w ]agy MDA] e`sjlg us`s+ lr``g+ rè+ cge oku` fjkt`rs ta e`kjv`r

dcxjdud v`rtjmck r`sakutjag' Uh` fjkt`r Ocy`r dctrjx `dpkays thr``prjdcry makar fjkt`rs (_ cge L cge O*'

Ocy`r Dascjm Fjkt`r





Kudc js aotcjgè frad th` makar dascjm usjgl th` fakkawjgl cklòrc9 Z 4 '?:_ " '0:L " '33O ar Z 4 _ " ?L " O ' Ceejgl ckk th`` makarsyj`kes whjt` cs shawg o`kaw'

L`g`rctjgl Kudc

O`kaw js c ?>$m`kk `xcdpk` af c Ocy`r jdcl` s`gsar'

Aee Fj`ke

Psjgl jgt`rkcm` raw$suddctjag (s`` Mhcpt`r ?*+ th` fjrst (aee* vjeàKjg` js mckmukctè frad th` upp`r ? raws' Fjrst raw2 (_ " L*+ th`g(L " _*+ cge th`g (_ " L*' ]`mage raw2 (L " O*+ (O " L*+ cge(L " O*' Aovjausky+ th` fjrst harjzagtck kudc scdpk` js (_ " L " L "

O*' Uh` s`mage harjzagtck kudc scdpk` js (L " _ " O " L* cge th`thjre harjzagtck kudc scdpk` (_ " L " L " O*' @cmh scdpk` js`qujvck`gt _ " ?L " O ' \` wjkk aotcjg H”3 kudc scdpk`s far th`fjrst (aee* kjg`'

@v`g Fj`ke

Uh` fjrst (`v`g* vjeà Kjg` js mckmukctè frad ? raws stcrtjgl ag` eawgfrad th` tap raw' Fjrst raw2 (L " O*+ th`g (O " L*+ cge th`g(L " O*' ]`mage raw2 (_ " L*+ (L " _*+ cge (_ " L*' Aovjausky+

th` fjrst harjzagtck kudc scdpk` js (L " O " _ " L*' Uh` s`mageharjzagtck kudc scdpk` js (O " L " L " _* cge th` thjre harjzagtckkudc scdpk` js (L " O " _ " L*' @cmh scdpk`+ af maurs`+ js`qujvck`gt _ " ?L " O ' Clcjg w` wjkk hcv` aotcjgè H”3 kudcscdpk`s far th` fjrst (`v`g* kjg`'

@ff`mtjv` Kudc ]pctjck _`sakutjag

Cmmarejgl ta ]agy+ oath mcdmare`rs hcv` c sjglk`+ 3:?>x355>`k`d`gt MDA] s`gsar thct hcs c 59= gctjv` r`sakutjag' (Uh` `ff`mtjv`gudo`r af pjx`ks js ?'<6 djkkjag+ whjk` th` lrass gudo`r js ?':<djkkjag'* Uh`r`far`+ `cmh MDA] `k`d`gt js tckk`r thcg jt js wje`']p`mjfjmckky+ th` pjx`k$csp`mt rctja (wjeth ta h`jlht* js >'<093'

Ua aotcjg HE vjeà+ c 369: wjgeaw jgta th` s`gsar js usè mcptur` th`369: jdcl` prai`mtè oy th` k`gs agta th` s`gsar' ]agy,s dcguckgat`s+ /Uh` cmtjv` jdcl` cr`c (th` gudo`r af pjx`ks usè* jg th`MDA] s`gsar js cutadctjmckky ceiustè far ]up`r ]t`cey]hat syst`dta cmhj`v` th` o`st p`rfardcgm` ct `cmh zaad pasjtjag'/ Uh`r`far`+ ctfukk \je`+ th` g`è far pjx`ks usè oy @J] js djgjdjzè cge thus th`369: mcptur` wjgeaw hcs ckdast 3:?>x355> pjx`ks (lr``g m`kks*'

Cs th` k`gs aptjmckky zaads ta fukk U`k`+ jt cutadctjmckky aptjmckkyrèum`s th` sjz` af th` 369: jdcl` prai`mtè ag th` s`gsar' (Uhjs jsv`ry ejff`r`gt frad ckk ath`r aptjmck syst`ds wh`r` th` jdcl` sjz`r`dcjgs magstcgt'* Uh` 369: mcptur` wjgeaw+ th`r`far`+ prapartjagckkyshrjgbs ta 355>x83> (lr``g m`kks*'





Uhus+ th`s` mcdmare`rs us` c 369: csp`mt$rctja wjgeaw thct rcgl`sfrad 3:?>x3>8> pjx`ks ta 355>x83> pjx`ks'

Uh` jdcl` thct js r`mareè ta tcp` dust+ af maurs`+ hcv` 355>x3>8>pjx`ks' Uh`r`far`+ th` ]agy @ghcgmè Jdcljgl ^ram`ssar (@J^* mhjpp`rfards c trcgsfard thct gardckjz`s jdcl` wjeth ta 355>$pjx`ks cgejdcl` h`jlht ta 3>8>$pjx`ks' @ss`gtjckky+ jdcl`s wjth dar` thcg 355>pjx`ks harjzagtckky cr` smckè eawg ta 355> whjk` b``pjgl th` h`jlht

magstcgt' Jdcl`s k`ss thcg 83>$pjx`ks hjlh cr` smckè up ta 3>8> whjk`b``pjgl th` wjeth magstcgt' Uh` r`sukt js c 3'==93 cgcdarphjm (59=*jdcl`'

\h`g vj`wè+ th` 3'==93 cgcdarphjm jdcl` wjkk o` str`tmhè ta3:?>x3>8> th`ròy r`starjgl jts 369: csp`mt$rctja'





Uh` C3 mcg o` s`t ta Fukk ]mcg dae` wh`r` 3:?>x3>8> (? djkkjagpjx`ks* `k`d`gts cr` usè far dcxjdud jdcl` quckjty' (]t`cey]hatdust o` turgè aff'* Gaw cs th` famck k`glth af th` k`gs mhcgl`seurjgl c zaad+ th` sjz` af jdcl` fckkjgl ag th` MDA] s`gsar r`dcjgs

magstcgt' Uh`r`far`+ th` fj`ke af vj`w ct fukk U`k` wjkk o` skjlhtky wje`rthcg jt wauke o` wjth Fukk ]mcg dae` ejscokè' Kjb`wjs`+ th` fj`ke af vj`w ct fukk \je` wjkk o` skjlhtky gcrraw`r'

Oath th` HM3 cge C3 cutadctjmckky `gt`r Fukk ]mcg dae` wh`g yauswjtmh jgta ]hat Urcgsjtjag dae`' (@J] js cksa cutadctjmckky ejscokè'*Uhjs cmtjag js tcb`g o`mcus` yau mauke mr`ct` twa v`ry ejff`r`gt zaads`ttjgls wjth c v`ry kagl tjd` jgt`rvck o`tw``g th`d' Uhjs wauker`qujr` c v`ry skaw zaad'

\`r` th` aptjmck zaad cge aptjmck jdcl` ceiustd`gt `x`mutè ct c

v`ry skaw sp`è+ th` jdcl` djlht /shuee`r/ cs oath tcsbs cr``x`mutè―p`rhcps cs ag` ceiustd`gt fakkaws th` ath`r' Uh`r`far`+ th`mcd`rc swjtmh`s ta Fukk ]mcg ta `kjdjgct` th` g`è ta /sjduktcgàusky/ceiust oath eurjgl th` skaw zaad'

Fcst zaads `ff`mtjv`ky mav`r$up cgy shuee`r―whjmh js why ]agy ea`sgat suppart skaw zaads ag th` C3 cge HM3' Haw`v`r+ agm` yau hcv``gcokè ]hat Urcgsjtjag dae`+ yau mcg us` th` zaad ramb`r ta cmhj`v`v`ry skaw zaads' Af maurs`+ wjthaut @J] yau shauke hcv` th`mcdmare`r ag c trjpae'

@ff`mtjv` Mhradc ]pctjck _`sakutjagMhradc r`sakutjag uge`rla`s c ercstjm rèumtjag wh`g thr`` mhjps cr`gat usè' \jth c thr`` MDA] mcd`rc+ `v`ry faur$m`kk dctrjx wjkk yj`ke5 rè scdpk`s+ 5 lr``g scdpk`s+ cge 5 oku` scdpk`s' \jth c sjglk`MDA] mcd`rc+ agky 3 rè+ ? lr``g+ cge 3 oku` scdpk` cr` autput'@ss`gtjckky+ mhradc r`sakutjag js mut oy c fcmtar af faur+ whjmh dctmh`sth` 59?9> mhradc r`sakutjag af DKNH$35'





MDA] cge @J^ \arbjgl Ual`th`r

Uh` Ocy`r ?x? dctrjx mcg o` ejr`mtky ceer`ssè cge ckk faur cgckalvcku`s r`ce$aut' Uh`r`far`+ twjm` cs dcgy Lr``g `k`d`gts cs _è`k`d`gts cge Oku` `k`d`gts cr` r`ce$aut frad th` MDA] mhjp jgta th`@ghcgmè Jdcljgl ^ram`ssar (@J^*' Uh` @J^ wjkk cee ckk faur vcku`sfrad c ?x? dctrjx ta l`g`rct` c sjglk` kudjgcgm` scdpk`9 Z 4 '?:_ "

'0:L " '33O ar Z 4 _ " ?L " O' Uh` @J^ wjkk cksa madojg` th`scdpk`s frad `cmh ?x? dctrjx ta l`g`rct` mhradc madpag`gt sjlgcks9Mr 4 L ” _ cge Mo 4 L ” O'

]agy @ghcgmè Jdcl` ^ram`ssjgl Mhjp

Uhjs ugjqu` pram`ss js passjok` o`mcus` ]agy‚s MDA] mhjp hcs sjxpcrckk`k cgckal pcths frad th` mhjp ta th` ]agy @J^ mhjp9 faur Lr``g+

ag` _è+ cge ag` Oku`' Uhus+ Lr``g ectc cr` r`ce frad c ?x? dctrjxsjduktcgàusky―vjc ? pcths―whjk` _è cge Oku` frad th` scd`dctrjx cr` cksa r`ce aut sjduktcgàusky'

C dumh o`tt`r ]!G far c pjx`k mcg o` aotcjgè oy scdpkjgl MDA]`k`d`gt twjm`―c pram`ss ]agy mckks Marr`kctè Eauok` ]cdpkjgl' ME]rèum`s gajs` oy scdpkjgl `cmh pjx`k twjm`+ agm` jg ecrb cge clcjgcft`r `xpasur`' Uh` ecrb sjlgck js suotrcmtè frad th` `xpasè sjlgck+`kjdjgctjgl sad` gajs` saurm`s'

Marr`kctè Eauok` ]cdpkjgl mcg o` cmmadpkjshè oy r`$scdpkjgl th`

twa Lr``g `k`d`gts jg `cmh ?x? m`kk jddèjct`ky cft`r th` fjrst pcjr af scdpk`s js aotcjgè' Uh` r`dcjgjgl ? Lr``g mhcgg`ks mcrry th`s` ectc'

E`spjt` Marr`kctè Eauok` ]cdpkjgl+ th` C3 cge HM3 ea gat mcptur`cs mk`cg c pjmtur` cs ea th` FX3 cge Y3' Uh` mjrmkè cr`c jg th` smr``gshat o`kaw shaws cg cr`c af gajs` frad c kcmb af ce`quct`jkkudjgctjag'





Cmmarejgl ta ]agy+ th` @ghcgmè Jdcljgl ^ram`ssar `dpkays c ugjqu`cklarjthd thct s`pcrct`s th` sjlgck jgta t`xtur` pctt`rgs cgeorjlhtg`ss madpag`gts cge pram`ssjgl th`d jge`p`ge`gtky' Cs shawgo`kaw+ euck pram`ssjgl dcb`s jt passjok` ta hcv` `xm`kk`gt e`tcjks jgth` okcmbs (th` crmh* cs w`kk cs jg orjlhtky jkkudjgctè cr`cs af th`

pjmtur` (th` mkaues*'

_aw$pcjr ]uddctjag js cutadctjmckky jdpk`d`gtè oy th` @J^+ whjmhh`kps pr`v`gt ‛jgt`rkcm` fkjmb`r'— Jgt`rkcm` fkjmb`r js mcusè oy charjzagtck èl` o`jgl r`pr`s`gtè oy c sjglk` smcg$kjg` ejspkcyè =>tjd`s p`r$s`mage' \h`g c harjzagtck èl` dav`s v`rtjmckky+ th`jgt`rkcm` fkjmb`r dav`s up ar eawg th` smr``g mcusjgl ‛jgt`rkjg`

twjtt`r'— \h`g c MDA] mhjp cees raw$pcjrs+ th` 3>8>$kjg` jdcl` js `ss`gtjckkypcssè thraulh c kaw$pcss fjkt`r' Uh` kaw$pcss fjkt`r rèum`s `ff`mtjv`v`rtjmck r`sakutjag oy ?0$p`rm`gt frad 3>8>$kjg`s ta coaut 83> UVK'\h`g shaatjgl jg Mjg`Frcd` ?0 cge Mjg`Frcd` => dae`s―cs w`kk csMjg`Frcd` ?5 (C3* ar Mjg`dc @ff`mt dae` (HM3*+ c ‛?E FJ_— fjkt`r jscppkjè ta c sjglk` fj`ke yj`kejgl cg `ff`mtjv` v`rtjmck r`sakutjag af coaut05> UVK'

Oath th` HE_$HM3 cge HV_$C3 mcdmare`rs `xhjojt whct js o`jgl

mckkè th` ‛rakkjgl shutt`r— ph`gad`gc' _akkjgl shutt`r ejstartjagammurs wjth stjkk mcd`rcs thct `dpkay c ‛v`rtjmck$pcssjgl murtcjg/shutt`r―wh`r` c skjt dav`s eawgwcre―th`ròy gat `xpasjgl th` fjkdfrcd` cs c whak`' Uhjs ugusuck `ff`mt js shawg o`kaw'





]agy MDA] Magsud`r HE_$HM3

]agy MDA] ^rasud`r HV_$C3





Cpp`gejx E9 Mjg`Frcd` ?0 cge =>

]agy‚s Mjg`Frcd` ?0 cge Mjg`Frcd` => dae`s cr` e`smrjoè jg

Cpp`gejx E'

Mjg`Frcd` ?0 cge Mjg`Frcd` =>+ ‛e`jgt`rkcmjgl— js usè ta mr`ct`vjeà thct hcs c t`dparck r`sakutjag af `jth`r ?0fps ar =>fps+r`sp`mtjv`ky'

Haw`v`r+ gat agky js th` frcd`$rct` mhcglè+ jgt`rkcm` crtjfcmts cr`r`davè' Uh` r`suktjgl jdcl`s kaab dumh kjb` th`y w`r` mcpturè oypralr`ssjv` smcggjgl' Uh` Ejclrcd o`kaw shaws thct th` mcpturè aeefj`kes cr` erappè' Uh`g th` aee fj`kes―jg oake―cr` mr`ctè frad th``v`g fj`kes thct cr` gat ejsmcreè'



@v`g @v`g @v`g @v`g @v`g


D^@L$?Frcd` 3

D^@L$?Frcd` ?

D^@L$?Frcd` =

D^@L$?Frcd` 5

D^@L$?Frcd` 0

E`jgt`rkcmjgl mcg o` cmmadpkjshè jg dcgy wcys' E`jgt`rkcmjgl mcg o`

eag` oy th` MMEs+ th`ròy ejr`mtky autputtjgl tjd` mah`r`gt frcd`s―ar oy pram`ssjgl mjrmujts thct jgput jgt`rkcmè vjeà cge autput ‛tjd`mah`r`gt— vjeà' Jg th` kctt`r mcs`+ th` dar` saphjstjmctè thè`jgt`rkcm`r mjrmujt+ th` dar` th` vjeà kaabs kjb` jt wcs mcpturè oypralr`ssjv` smcggjgl MMEs'

E`jgt`rkcmjgl

Oath Mjg`Frcd` dae`s r`qujr` th` mcpturè jgt`rkcm` vjeà o` e`$

jgt`rkcmè' (Kjlht s`gsjtjvjty r`dcjgs th` scd` cs far 0>j!6>j'* O`mcus`th` mcd`rc us`s jgt`rkcm` smcggjgl+ MME autput r`sakutjag far c frcd`js coaut 83> UVK' Uhus+ c sjglk` fj`ke js hcs coaut 5>0 UVK―gat 05>UVK―af `ff`mtjv` v`rtjmck r`sakutjag' Uh`r` cr` duktjpk` wcys tacmmadpkjsh e`jgt`rkcmjgl+ th`s` d`thaes fckk jgta twa mct`larj`s9 gag$cecptjv` (oao+ w`cv`+ cge ?E FJ_ fjkt`r* cge cecptjv` (frcd`$cecptjv`cge r`ljag$cecptjv`*'





oao

C oao jgt`rpakctar l`g`rct`s `cmh tcrl`t kjg` frad pjx`ks jg th` kjg`sejr`mtky coav` cge o`kaw tcrl`t kjg`s' Ejclagcks cr` mr`ctè wjth icllj`s sa c s`mage$stcl`+ cgtj$ckjcs fjkt`r js g`m`sscry' @ff`mtjv`v`rtjmck r`sakutjag js thct af c sjglk` fj`ke―5>0 UVK'

\`cv`

\`cv` e`jgt`rkcmjgl us`s oath `v`g cge aee kjg`s thct cr` wav`g jgtac sjglk` 3>8>$kjg` frcd`' O`mcus` jgfardctjag frad ejff`r`gt dad`gtsjg tjd` cr` madojgè+ davjgl aoi`mts wjkk hcv` madojgl ag th`jrèl`s' C s`mage$stcl`+ jsatrapjm fjkt`r js mrjtjmck ta ok`gejgl pjx`ks ctth` èl`s af davjgl aoi`mts jg are`r ta rèum` madojgl'

]tctjm r`sakutjag t`sts wjkk jgejmct` cg `ff`mtjv` v`rtjmck r`sakutjag af upta 83> UVK frad madojgjgl twa fj`kes'

?E FJ_Cft`r ag` fj`ke js ejsmcreè+ th` r`dcjgjgl 05>$kjg` fj`ke js v`rtjmckkysmckè ta c 3>8>$kjg` frcd` usjgl c ?E FJ_ fjkt`r' C ?E FJ_ (Fjgjt`Jdpuks` _`spags`* fjkt`r mcg hcv` c sdckk ar kcrl` gudo`r ‛tcps— wh`r` `cmh tcp js c scdpk` (oku` m`kks*' Murr`gt fjkt`rs hcv` up ta3>?5 tcps2 whjmh wauke suppart c =?x=? wjgeaw crauge `cmh tcrl`tpjx`k (y`kkaw m`kks*'





Uh` l`g`rctè pjx`ks (rè eats* yj`ke c frcd` wjth ga jgt`rkcm`crtjfcmts cge r`kctjv`ky f`w icllj`s' V`rtjmck r`sakutjag wjkk o`cppraxjdct`ky 83> UVK o`mcus` ?E FJ_ fjkt`rs jgmr`cs` r`sakutjagcppraxjdct`ky 3'5'

Datjag Cecptjv` E`jgt`rkcmjglFrcd`$ocsè

Frcd`$cecptjv` e`jgt`rkcmjgl us`s kaljm ta d`csur` datjag o`tw``gfj`kes' Far stctjm frcd`s―frcd`s wjth kjttk` ar ga datjag―w`cv` js`dpkayè' Far eygcdjm frcd`s―frcd`s wjth datjag―`jth`r c ?E FJ_fjkt`r ar c oao jgt`rpakctar js usè ta l`g`rct` c g`w frcd`'

_`ljag$ocsè

_`ljag$cecptjv` e`jgt`rkcmjgl us`s kaljm ta d`csur` jgt`r$fj`ke datjagwjthjg r`ljags' Uh` sdckk`r th` r`ljag+ th` dar` tatck jdcl` r`sakutjag

js dcxjdjzè' \`cv` js usè far stctjm r`ljags' Far eygcdjm r`ljags+`jth`r c ?E FJ_ fjkt`r ar c oao jgt`rpakctar js usè ta l`g`rct` c g`wfrcd`'

Mjg`Frcd` ?0 cge => Dae`s

Far th` Mjg`Frcd` dae`s+ th` ]agy FX3 cge Y3 ea gat sjdpky ejsmcreag` fj`ke cge oao c g`w 3>8>$kjg` frcd`' Jf th`y eje+ v`rtjmckr`sakutjag wauke o` coaut 5>0 UVK―gat 05> UVK' Jt‚s kjb`ky c ?E FJ_fjkt`r js cppkjè ta ag` fj`ke af `v`ry frcd`' Uh` fjkt`r v`rtjmckky smck`s`cmh :6>x05> fj`ke ta c :6>x3>8> frcd`' @ff`mtjv` v`rtjmck r`sakutjag

js jgmr`csè oy 3'5' Uh` r`sukt js 3>8>j vjeà wjth cg `ff`mtjv` v`rtjmckr`sakutjag af 05> UVK'





]haatjgl Mcutjags

Zau shauke gat shaat jg CPUA ar us` C@ dae` cs th` shutt`r$sp`èdcy rjs` coav` 3!0>th ar 3!6>th s`mage cge mcus` `xm`ssjv` datjagstraojgl' Uhct js o`mcus` wjth kaw frcd`$rct`+ gag$jgt`rkcmè vjeà+

rcpjeky davjgl aoi`mts―ar gag$davjgl aoi`mts wh`g ag` pcgs taafcst―cpp`cr cs ‛eauok` aoi`mts'— Far `xcdpk`+ wh`g c mcr erjv`s pcst+twa jdcl`s af th` mcr cr` vjsjok`―ag` jdcl` skjlhtky ejspkcmè fradth` ath`r' Uhjs js mckkè far`lrauge straojgl―cge js cg ‛`y` trcmbjgl— crtjfcmt'

Jdcljg` c harjzagtckky davjgl squcr` shat ag fjkd ct ?5fps' Jg cth`ct`r wh`g th` fjkd js prai`mtè ct ?5fps wjth c eauok`$okceèshutt`r―`cmh frcd` js r`p`ctè twjm`' Uhjs rcjs`s th` ‛fkjmb`rfr`qu`gmy— frad ?5Hz ta 58Hz' Pgk`ss thjs w`r` eag`+ w` wauke s``

jgtak`rcok` fkjmb`r―`sp`mjckky jg orjlht cr`cs af th` pjmtur`'Cs w` wctmh th` prai`mtè jdcl`+ aur `y`s cutadctjmckky trcmb th`davjgl squcr`' Aur orcjg qujmbky e`t`rdjg`s th` squcr`‚s ‛dav`d`gtv`mtar'— (Uh` crraw jg th` Ejclrcd o`kaw'* Uh`r`far`+ wh`g th`shutt`r ap`gs ag c g`w frcd`+ th` squcr` js wh`r` aur orcjg hcsejr`mtè aur `y`s ta kaab'

\h`g+ haw`v`r+ th` prai`mtar shutt`r ap`gs c s`mage tjd` ag th`scd` frcd`+ aur lcz` pajgt hcs ckr`cey cevcgmè hckfwcy ta th`cgtjmjpctè pasjtjag af th` squcr` ct th` g`xt frcd` tjd`'

Uhus+ th` squcr` js jdclè agta aur r`tjgc c s`mage tjd`―ct c

pasjtjag ejspkcmè ckagl th` cxjs th` aoi`mt js davjgl' Uhjs js thàrjljg af th` ‛eauok`— jdcl`' Uh` fcst`r th` aoi`mt dav`s+ th` fcst`raur `y`s dav`+ cge th` lr`ct`r th` ejspkcm`d`gt af th` ‛eauok`jdcl`'—

\h`g w` magg`mt c 3>8>j mcdmare`r ap`rctjgl jg Mjg`Frcd` ?0 ar =>dae`s ta cgy ejspkcy+ th` mcdmare`r cutadctjmckky autputs cg cgckal0>Hz ar 6>Hz jdcl`' Jg ath`r wares+ cg jgt`rkcmè (58>j ar 3>8>j





autput*' Uhus+ th` mcdmare`r‚s `k`mtragjms warb `xcmtky kjb` c twa$okceè prai`mtar shutt`r―mcusjgl `cmh frcd` ta o` ejspkcyè twjm`'

Far`lrauge straojgl mcg o` cd`kjarctè oy magtrakkjgl shutt`r$sp`è'\h`g shutt`r$sp`è js b`pt skaw+ `cmh jdcl` js okurrè' Ct 3!6>th

s`mage th`r` js sad` datjag okur whjk` ct 3!=>th s`mage th`r` js fcrdar` okur' Jdcl` datjag okur js r`mareè ta tcp`'

\h`g w` wctmh sumh vjeà+ th` okur af th` davjgl aoi`mt mav`rs th`lcp o`tw``g th` r`ck jdcl` cge th` `y`$trcmbjgl crtjfcmt' Uh`r`far`+th` twa t`ge ta okur jgta ag` kcrl`r aoi`mt' O`mcus` w` cr` sa usè tas``jgl datjag okur aur `y`s t`ge ta s`` ag` aoi`mt rcth`r thcg twa―cge th` fjkd+ ar vjeà+ kaabs dar` cmm`ptcok`'

\h`g Mjg`Frcd` => js s`k`mtè+ J r`madd`ge c 3!6>th s`mage`xpasur` wh`g th`r` js kjttk` datjag' Haw`v`r+ wh`g th`r` js c kat af

datjag yau djlht wcgt ta try c shutt`r$sp`è af 3!=>th s`mage'\h`g Mjg`Frcd` ?0 js s`k`mtè+ J ea gat r`madd`ge usjgl c 3!?0ths`mage `xpasur`+ o`mcus` th` jdcl` wjkk o` sjdpky taa okurrè'

Uh` Y3‚s Mjg`Frcd` ?0 mcg o` `csjky trcgsf`rrè ta fjkd' Haw`v`r+ th`rèumè `ff`mtjv` v`rtjmck r`sakutjag jg Mjg`Frcd` ?0 ea`s gat dcb` jtcg aptjdud mhajm` far vjeà$ta$fjkd cppkjmctjags'

_cth`r+ Mjg`Frcd` ?0 mcg o` usè ta mr`ct` wje`smr``g pralr`ssjv`^CK EVEs' Kjb`wjs`+ wje`smr``g pralr`ssjv` GU]M EVEs mcg o` dce`

usjgl Mjg`Frcd` =>' Jg th`s` cppkjmctjags+ th` kass af v`rtjmckr`sakutjag wjkk gat o` hcrdfuk'

Cpp`gejx @9 Mjg`Frcd` ?5

Cmmarejgl ta ]agy+ jg Mjg`Frcd` ?5 dae`+ th` mcdmare`r ‛sygth`sjz`s

c ?5fps t`dparck rct`―gat ?5^―vjeà frad 3>8>j6>' Uh` HM3 hcs c

Mjg`dc @ff`mt thct cpp`crs ta pravje` th` scd` fugmtjag'

O`mcus` jgt`rkcm` smcggjgl js usè jg Mjg`Frcd` ?5+ kjlht s`gsjtjvjtyr`dcjgs th` scd` cs far 6>j' (_`ljag 0> mcdmare`rs ea gat aff`rMjg`Frcd` ?5'* ]agy hcs mkcjdè thjs js cmmadpkjshè oy usjgl thè`jgt`rkcmjgl pram`ss usè jg th` Mjg`Frcd` ?0 cge Mjg`Frcd` =>dae`s―wjth c mk`v`r twjst'

Uh` Ejclrcd o`kaw shaws th` mcptur` tjd` (jg djkkjs`mages* far `cmhfj`ke af 0:':5Hz jgt`rkcmè vjeà' @cmh frcd` js mcpturècppraxjdct`ky 3< djkkjs`mages cft`r th` pr`vjaus frcd`' Uh` oake t`xtjgejmct`s thas` fj`kes thct wjkk o` s`k`mtè ta o`mad` ?5fps vjeàfrcd`s' Cs yau mcg s``+ ugkjb` Mjg`Frcd` ?0 cge =>+ vjeà frad oath`v`g cge aee frcd`s js s`k`mtè' G`v`rth`k`ss+ `cmh fj`ke js tjd`mah`r`gt sa `cmh hcs ga jgt`rkcm` crtjfcmts'

3 ? = 5 0

3$`v`g 3$aee ?$`v`g ?$aee =$`v`g =$aee 5$`v`g 5$aee 0$`v`g 0$aee

>'> 36'< =='5 0>'3 66'< 8='5 3>>'3 336'8 3=='0 30>'?

C O M E

Oy s`k`mtjgl fj`kes (oake rè t`xt* frad th` 0:':5Hz jgt`rkcmè frcd`susjgl c ?9=9?9= mce`gm`―`v`ry 3> fj`kes (0 jgt`rkcmè frcd`s* cr`magv`rtè ta faur gag$jgt`rkcmè fj`kes'

Uh`s` cr` fj`kes C+ O+ M+ cge E cge cr` shawg jg th` thjre raw jg thÈjclrcd o`kaw'

C O M E

>'> 53'< 8='5 3?0'3

>'> =='5 8='5 336'8

>'> 8'= >'> 8'=

Uh` s`mage raw (lr``g t`xt* jg th` Ejclrcd coav` shaws th` mcptur`tjd` far `cmh frcd` (jg djkkjs`mages* af ?=':<6Hz vjeà' @cmh frcd` jsmcpturè cppraxjdct`ky 5? djkkjs`mages cft`r th` pr`vjaus frcd`'

Uh` mcptur` tjd`s af th` faur s`k`mt fj`kes (C+O+M+E* cr` shawg jg oku`jg th` thjre raw'

Oake vcku`s jg th` faurth raw+ jgejmct`s jg djkkjs`mages+ th` `rraro`tw``g th` tjd` af `xcmt 3!?5th jgt`rvcks cge th` mcptur` tjd` af th`

s`k`mtè fj`kes'Gat thct `v`ry ath`r fj`ke js mcpturè coaut 8 djkkjs`mages (?>$p`rm`gt* `crky' Dar` sjlgjfjmcgtky+ th` tjd` o`tw``g fj`kes js gat cmagstcgt 5? djkkjs`mages cs jt shauke o` far ?5fps vjeà'

Uh` ug`quck ?5fps scdpkjgl tjd` js ag` af th` fcmtars jg th` kaab af Mjg`Frcd` ?5'

Cg aptjag ]agy mhas` gat ta us`9 Hce ]agy mkambè th` mcd`rcs`mtjag ct 58Hz rcth`r thcg 0>Hz!6>Hz thjs wauke hcv` `kjdjgctè

t`dparck iuee`r o`mcus` mcpturè frcd`s wauke o` `xcmtky 3!?5ths`mage cpcrt' ]hutt`r$sp`è wauke hcv` cutadctjmckky o`mad`3!58th s`mage―`quck ta c fjkd mcd`rc ruggjgl wjth c 38>$e`lr``

shutt`r' ]agy wauke hcv` mr`ctè c tru` ?5fps mcdmare`r―`v`gthaulh jt wauke gat hcv` o``g c ?5^ mcdmare`r'

\hjk` ]agy ejeg‚t+ Mcgag eje'

Mcgag‚s ?5F fugmtjag kjb`ky us`s Datjag Cecptjv` e`jgt`rkcmjgl'(@jth`r Frcd` ar _`ljag Cecptjv` e`jgt`rkcmjgl mauke o` usè'* Uh`MMEs cr` jgt`rkcmè smcggè sa c pcjr af 5>0 UVK fj`kes cr` s`gt ta

th` e`jgt`rkcm`r wh`r` kaljm js usè ta d`csur` datjag o`tw``gfj`kes' Far stctjm frcd`s+ w`cv` js `dpkayè thct madojg`s oathfj`kes cge yj`kes c frcd` wjth up ta 83> UVK' Far eygcdjm frcd`s+ c?E FJ_ fjkt`r js `dpkayè thct smck`s c sjglk` 355>x05> fj`ke ta c

355>x3>8> frcd`' Pp ta 5>0 UVK cr` r`mareè'





Agm` th` ?5fps fj`kes hcv` o``g s`k`mtè+ th`y cr` `xpcgeè ta 3>8>$kjg` frcd`s usjgl jgt`rpakctjag'

Frcd` Jgt`rpakctjag

Cs e`smrjoè jg Cpp`gejx E+ c ?E FJ_ fjkt`r mr`ct`s c r`ckjstjm g`w aee

fj`ke wjth ga jgt`rkcm` crtjfcmts'

O`mcus` `cmh autput frcd` magtcjgs jgfardctjag frad agky c sjglk`dad`gt jg tjd`―frcd`s hcv` v`ry kjttk` datjag okur' Uhjs yj`kes ‛mrjsp— davjgl aoi`mts thct mcus` davjgl aoi mts ta cpp`cr ta strao`―whjmh js+ jg fcmt+ s``g jg Mjg`Frcd` ?5 dae`'

C O M E

3$`v`g 3$aee ?$`v`g ?$aee =$`v`g =$aee 5$`v`g 5$aee

3$`v`g 3$`v`g ?$`v`g ?$`v`g ?$`v`g =$aee =$aee 5$aeeMarr`mt scdpk` tjd` ]cdpk` ?>% `crky Marr`mt scdpk` tjd` ]cdpk` ?>% `crky

C O M E

Uh` Ejclrcd coav` shaws haw th` faur fj`kes cr` jgt`rpakctè ta faurfrcd`s'

Uh` madojgctjag af ug`v`g ?5fps mce`gm` cge th` straojgl yj`kesMjg`Frcd` ?5 vjeà thct kaabs qujt` ejff`r`gt frad pralr`ssjv` ?5^vjeà' \hjk` ]agy sull`sts FX3‚s Mjg`Frcd` ?5 aff`rs c fjkd kaab+ thct

sull`stjag js `xm`ssjv`ky aptjdjstjm' Af maurs`+ sad` dcy fjge th`Mjg`Frcd` ?5 kaab e`pcrts frad th` kaab af trcejtjagck 6>j vjeà`gaulh ta sull`st sad`thjgl ‛ath`r thcg vjeà— js o`jgl shat cgeth`r`far` o` af vcku`' G`v`rth`k`ss+ jt‚s gat kjb`ky Mjg`Frcd` ?5 wjkkmagvjgm` cgyag` thct fjkd hcs o``g shat'

Ceejgl ûkkeawg

Cs shawg jg th` Ejclrcd o`kaw+ ?9=9?9= pukkeawg js cppkjè ta th` ?5l`g`rctè scdpk`s ta l`g`rct` 3>8>j6> vjeà thct mcg o` D^@L$?`gmaeè cge r`mareè ta tcp`' ]jx tjd`s `cmh s`mage+ 5 scdpk`s (C+O+ M+ E* cr` magv`rtè ta 0 frcd`s+ yj`kejgl c tatck af => frcd`s p`rs`mage'

C O M E

3$`v`g 3$`v`g ?$`v`g ?$`v`g ?$`v`g =$aee 5$aee 5$aee 5$aee 5$aee

3$`v`g 3$aee ?$`v`g ?$aee =$`v`g =$aee 5$`v`g 5$aee 0$`v`g 0$aee

3 ? = 5 0

J O O ^ O

≈ 0<>$kjg`s ≈ 5?0$kjg`s ≈ 5?0$kjg`s ≈ 5<0$kjg`s ≈ 5?0$kjg`s

Uwa iuee`r frcd`s―gudo`r = cge gudo`r 5 jg oake t`xt―cr` jgmkueèwjthjg `v`ry fjv` vjeà frcd`s'

Uh`s` fjv` frcd`s cr` `gmaeè ta J+ O+ O+ ^+ cge O frcd`s' O`mcus` th`D^@L$? frcd`s arjljgct`s frad ejff`r`gt madojgctjags af jgt`rpakctèfj`kes th` `ff`mtjv` v`rtjmck r`sakutjag vcrj`s frad frcd` ta frcd`'

@ejtjgl Mjg`Frcd` ?5

Zau mcg èjt ?9=9?9= vjeà cs thaulh jt w`r` 3>8>j6> vjeà' ]jdpky eagat mut ta c iuee`r frcd`'

Ckt`rgctjv`ky+ yau mcg cppky _`v`rs` ?9=9?9= pukkeawg jg past tar`mav`r ?5 frcd`s far `cmh s`mage af vjeà' (Eurjgl th` mcptur`pram`ss+ yau mcg r`qu`st th` Mjg`Fard saftwcr` ta cppky r`v`rs` =9?pukkeawg thct yj`kes c ?5p pralr`ssjv` CVJ fjk` madpctjok` wjth ckkmaddag \jgeaws GK@s'* Fjv` frcd`s cr` `cmh magv`rtè ta faurfrcd`s―sjx tjd`s `cmh s`mage'



C$`v`gkjg`s

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O$`v`gkjg`s

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M$aeekjg`s

M$`v`gkjg`s

E$`v`gkjg`s

E$aeekjg`s

C$`v`gkjg`s

C$aeekjg`s

O$`v`gkjg`s

O$aeekjg`s

M$`v`g

kjg`s

M$aeekjg`s

E$`v`gkjg`s

E$aeekjg`s


\hjk` th` faur scdpk`s mcg o` r`mav`rè+ th` r`mav`rè frcd`s wjkkmagtjgu` ta hcv` t`dparck `rrars cs w`kk cs c kcmb af gcturck datjagokur' G`v`rth`k`ss+ yau dcy fjge jt cg cmm`ptcok` sakutjag'

Uhcgbfukky+ th`r` cr` ckt`rgctjv`s ta Mjg`Frcd` ?5 cge Mjg`Frcd` ?0'

Far c fjkd kaab+ duktjpk` saftwcr` cppkjmctjags warb wjth 3>8>j6> ar3>8>j0> vjeà'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?<> 0!3>!3=

Ath`r saftwcr` cppkjmctjags mcg mr`ct`+ frad 3>8>j6> ar 3>8>j0>vjeà+ ?5fps cge ?0fps vjeà+ r`cey far èjtjgl cge trcgsf`r ta fjkd'

Uh`s` sakutjags cr` mav`rè jg Mhcpt`r 3>'

Mapyrjlht ?>>8 oy ]t`v` Dukk`g ?<3 0!3>!3=

Cuthar

]t`v` Dukk`g ^h'E' hcs av`r 50 y`crs `xp`rj`gm` warbjgl wjth hjlht`mhgakaly'

^rjar ta faugejgl Ejljtck Vjeà Magsuktjgl+ h` wcs th` DcgcljglEjr`mtar af ^jmturÙ`k Icpcg2 Ejr`mtar Csjc!^cmjfjm!Cd`rjmcs sck`s far^jmturÙ`k Marparctjag2 cge Ejr`mtar af OOG Cevcgmè ]up`rmadput`rsJgm'+ Icpcg'

^r`mèjgl th`s` cssjlgd`gts+ h` wcs th` Ejstrjoutar Dcgcl`r farCsjc!^cmjfjm!Cd`rjmcs Dcrb`tjgl cge ]ck`s far DC]]MAD^ _`cktjd`

Madput`rs2 cge c ^raeumt Dcrb`tjgl Dcgcl`r far ECUC U_CG]KCUJAG(pcr`gt af Dèjc 3>>*' H` wcs cksa Jgt`rgctjagck ]ck`s Dcgcl`r far^kcy+ th` mr`ctar af th` warke fcdaus Urjgjty'

H` o`lcg hjs mcr``r+ cft`r t`cmhjgl ct th` Pgjv`rsjty af Djgg`satc cgeMcrk`tag Makk`l`+ ct EJLJUCK @SPJ^D@GU MA_Â_CUJAG (E@M* wh`r`h` wcs c ]`djgcr E`v`kapd`gt Dcgcl`r+ _&E ]yst`ds @gljg``r+ cgec ^raeumt Dcgcl`r'

Far av`r c e`mce` h` wcs c Magtrjoutjgl @ejtar far Vjeà ]yst`dsdclczjg`' H` hcs cksa wrjtt`g far Ceao` ^r`dj`r` G`wsk`tt`r+ C!V

Vjeà+ Mcdmare`r+ EV+ @tawg+ djkkjd`t`r+ Uh` ^`rf`mt Vjsjag+ Vjeà^ra+ cge Vjeà _`vj`w' H` gaw wrjt`s far Oracemcst @gljg``rjgl'

]t`v` tculht ejljtck vjeà praeumtjag ct _utl`rs Pgjv`rsjty cge@k`mtragjm Mjg`dctalrcphy ct th` Pgjv`rsjty af th` Crts' Cge+ ctHcrv`stwarbs jg GZM+ h` tculht Dèjc 3>> èjtjgl'




Far dar` thcg c e`mce`+ Ejljtck Vjeà Magsuktjgl hcs pravjeèmagsuktjgl s`rvjm`s+ trcjgjgl+ cge s`djgcrs ag ejljtck vjeà praeumtjag'

H` hcs wrjtt`g c gudo`r af Ejljtck ^raeumtjag Luje`s+ jgmkuejgl

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