sophia girls’ college, ajmer

Sophia Girls’ College, Ajmer (Autonomous)

Semester IV – 2016- 17 End Semester Examination

Class : B. Sc [Maths] Sub : Physics

Paper I : [PHY-401]: Electronics Time : 2 ½ Hrs. M.M: 50 Marks Instruction : In case of any doubt, the English version of paper stands correct.

Section A [10 Marks]

Section A contains 10 questions (20 words each) and a candidate is required to attempt all 10 questions. Each question is of one mark.

I. Answer the following questions

1. What is the frequency stability of an oscillator?

n¨fy= d¢ fy, vkofRr LFkkf;Ro ls D;k rkRi;Z gS \ 2. What is an oscillator?

n¨fy= D;k g¨rk gS \ 3. Explain why positive feedback and not negative feedback in necessary to produce oscillations?

n¨fy= esa nÿu mRiUu djus d¢ fy, _.kkRed iquÆuos‘k dh vis{kk /kukRed iquÆuos‘k D;ä vko‘;d gS \ 4. What is the range of frequencies of crystal oscillators? Why?

fØLVy n¨fy= }kjk ÁkIr vko`fr ijl d©ulh g¨rh gS rFkk D;ä\ 5. Write the truth table of NOR gate.

NOR }kj dh lR;eku lkfj.kh fyf[k, 6. Prove the Boolean theorem. AC + A’BC = AC + BC

cwfy; Áes; AC + A’BC = AC + BC d¨ fl) dhft;s 7. Explain the working of a transistor as a switch.

VªakftLVj ,d fLop dh HkkWfr fdl Ádkj dk;Z djrk gS ] le>kb;s 8. Define ideal voltage source.

vkn‘kZ oŸVrk L=¨r dh ifjHkk“kkfyf[k;s 9. What is meant by linear impedance?

,d jSf[kd Áfrck/kk ls D;k rkRi;Z gS \ 10. What is meant by junction or node ?

lf/k ;k u¨M+ ls D;k rkRi;Z gS \

Section B [10Marks]

Section B contains 6 questions (50 words each) and a candidate is required to attempt 3 questions, at least 1

from each unit. The first two UNITS are of 3 marks each and the last UNIT is of 4 marks.

II. Answer the following questions UNIT I (3 Marks)

11. Why are Colpitts oscillators used to generate fixed radio frequency signals? dkafYiV n¨fy= dk mi;¨c fu;r jsfM;¨ vkofr lad¢r Ákir djus gsrq D; a fd;k tkrk gS\

OR What are the disadvantages of phase shift oscillator? How are these overcome in Wien- Bridge oscillator? dyk foLFkkid n¨fyjs dh dfe;ka crkb, rFkk bls ohu & lsrq n¨fy= esa fdl Ádkj nwj fd;k tkrk gS \

UNIT II (3 Marks) 12. How does a load line help in selecting the operating point of an amplifier.

y¨M ykbu Áo/kZd d¢ Ápkyu fcUnq d¢ fu/kkZj.k esa fdl Ádkj lgk;rk djrh gS \+ OR

Prove that :- fl) dhft;s � =�

��

UNIT III (4 Marks)

13. The following diagram represents a voltage source. Convert it into an equivalent current source.

fuEu fp= esa ,d oŸVrk L=¨r ÁnÆ‘kr gS bls ,d rqY; /kkjk L=¨r esa ifjoÆrr dhft,

OR

What is a four terminal network? Draw its equivalent circuit. ,d pkj fljä okyk tky D;k gs\ bldk ifjiFk cukb;s

Section C [30 Marks]

Section C – contains 6 questions. Answer any three questions (400 words each), selecting one from each

unit. Each question is of 10 marks.

III. Answer the following questions.

UNIT I

14. With the help of a suitable circuit diagram and equivalent circuits explain working of a RC phases

shift oscillator. Obtain expressions for frequency and condition of oscillation. mfpr ifjiFk fp= rFkk rqY; ifjiFk a dh lgk;rk ls RC dyk foLFkkid n¨fy= dh dk;ZÁ.kkyh le>kb;s nÿu vko`fr rFkk nÿu Áfrca/k Kkr dj¨

OR

Draw the circuit of a Hartley Oscillator and explain its operation. Hence deduce frequency of oscillation and oscillation conditions. gkVZys n¨fy= dk ifjiFk fp= cukrs gq, bld¢ Ápkyu d¨ lEk>kb;s nÿu vkofRr rFkk nÿu Áfrca/k Kkr dhft,

UNIT II

15. Explain how the fundamental operations AND, OR and NOT can be obtained Using NAND and NOR logic gates. Give relevant block diagrams and truth tables. ewyHkwr lafØ;kvä AND, OR o NOT d¨ NAND o NOR rkÆdd }kjä dh lgk;rk ls dSls ÁkÁ dj ldrs gS le>kb;s mfpr Cy Wd fp= ,oa LkR;rk lkfj.kh dh lgk;rk ls le>kb;s

OR (a) Explain working of OR and AND logic gates by drawing DTL circuits.

,d OR o AND rkÆdd }kj d¢ DTL ifjiFk cukrs gq, dk;ZÁ.kkfy d¨ le>kb;s (b) Prove that NOT+OR gate is a universal gate.

fl) dhft;s fd NOT+OR }kj lkoZ Hk¨fed }kj gS (c) Which two logic gates are used as a universal gate?

d©u ls n¨ }kj ßlkoZf=d }kjÞ d¢ #i es Á;qDr fd;s tkrs gS UNIT III

16. What do you mean by active and passive network? Define input and output impedances of a four

terminal network and find out its expressions. lfØ; o fu“Ø; ifjiFk tky ls vki D;k le>;s gS \ pkj VÆeuy tky dh fufo“V o fuxZe Áfrcak/kkv a d¨ ifjHkkf“kr djrs gq;s bud¢ fy;s O;atd ÁkIr dhft;s

OR

State and establish maximum power transfer theorem. Obtain the relation for maximum power and find the efficiency of this circuit. vf/kdre ‘kfDr lapj.k Áes; dk dFku dj mls LFkkfir dhft;s vf/kdre ‘kfDr d¢ fy;s O;atd ÁkIr dhft;s rFkk ,sls ifjiFk dh vf/kdre n{krk Kkr dhft;s

The END



Class : B.Sc [Maths] Sub : Physics

Paper II : [PHY-402]: Optics Time : 2 ½ Hrs. M.M: 50 Marks Instruction : In case of any doubt, the English version of paper stands correct.




1. Write the principle of superposition. v/;kj¨i.k d¢ fl)kUr d¨ fyf[k, |

2. What are the necessary conditions for interference? O;frdj.k dh vko‘;d ‘krZs D;k gS \

3. What are Haidinger Fringes? gSfMUtj fÝats D;k g¨rh gS \

4. Why the centre of Newton rings obtained by reflected light is perfectly dark? ijkoÆrr Ádk‘k ls ÁkIr U;wVu oy; dk d¢Uæ iw.kZr% dkyk D;k g¨rk gS \

5. Write briefly Brewster’s Law. cwzLVj dk fu;e fyf[k, |

6. What do you mean by circularly and elliptically polarized light? o`Rrh; rFkk nh/kZ o`rh; /kqzfor Ádk‘k ls vki D;k le>rs gS \

7. What is uniaxial crystal? Give its example. ,d v{kh; fØLVy D;k g¨rs gS bldk mnkgj.k n¨ |

8. Differentiate between Fresnel’s and Fraunhoffer type of diffraction. Ýsuy ,oa Ýkau gkWQj oxZ d¢ foorZu esa vUrj dhft, |

9. Define Fresenel’s half period Zones. Ýsuy d¢ v/kkZorÊ dfVcU/k¨a d¨ ifjHkkf“kr dhft;s |

10. What is the difference between resolving power and dispersive power of a grating? XkszfVax dh foHksnu {kerk v©j fo{ksi.k {kEkrk esa D;k vUrj gS \

Section B [10Marks]



II. Answer the following questions

UNIT I (3 Marks)

11. Show that there is no violation of law of conservation of energy in the phenomenon of interference. fl) dhft;s fd O;fRrdj.k dh ?kVuk esa ÅtkZ laj{k.k fu;e dk mYya?ku ugh g¨rk gS \

OR

Prove that diameters of bright rings in reflected light in Newton’s ring experiment is proportional to under-root of odd integers. fl) dhft;s fd U;wVu oy; Á;¨x esa ijkoÆrr Ádk‘k;sa ÁnhIr oy;ä dk O;kl fo“ke la[;kv a d¢ oxZewy d¢ lekuqikrh g¨rk gS |

UNIT II (3 Marks)

12. Describe the construction and working of a half wave plate.

v)Zrjax IysV dh cukoV o dk;Z~ fof/k dk o.kZu dhft, |

OR

How will you detect that a given beam of light is plane polarized, circularly polarized or elliptically polarized light? vki ;g dSls irk yxk;saxs fd fn;k gqvk Ádk‘k iwat] lery /kqzfor] oRrh; ;k nh/kZ o`Rrh; /kqzfor gS \

UNIT III (4 Marks)

13. What is a phase reversal zone plate? How is it constructed?

dyk O;qRØe.k tkW~u IysV D;k g¨rh gS bldh jpuk fdl Ádkr dh tkrh gS \ OR

Derive the expression for the resolving power of a telescope using Rayleigh’s criterion. jSys fd foHksnu dl¨Vh dk mi;¨x djrs gq, nqjn‘kÊ dh foHksnu {kerk dk O;atd O;qRiUu dhft;s |





UNIT I

14. Explain the construction and working of Michelson’s Interferometer. How do you determine the wavelength of monochromatic light using it? ekbd¢Ylu O;frdj.kek;h dh cukoV o dk;Zfof/k d¨ le>kb;s | bldh lgk;rk ls ,dko.kÊ Ádk‘k dh rjax yEckÃ fdl Ádkj Kkr djsaxs \

OR

Explain the principle of Fabry-Perot Interferometer. Obtain the expression for intensity distribution in transmitted light and discuss the sharpness of Fringes. Ýsczh & isj¨ O;frdj.kekih dk fl)kUr le>kb, | ikjxfer Ádk‘k esa rhozrk fojr.k dk O;atd ÁkIr dhft;s rFkk fÝUdä dh rh{.krk le>kb, |

UNIT II 15. What do you mean by double refraction? Explain double refraction in Uniaxial crystal using

Huygen’s theory. f} viorZu ls vki D;k le>rs gS ,d v{khi fØLVy esa f} viorZu gkbxsUl fl)kUr }kjk O;k[;k dhft, |

OR Describe the construction and working of Nicol’s prism? Write the application of Nicol’s prism. fudÿ fÁTe dh jpuk rFkk dk;Zfof/k dk o.kZu dhft, rFkk fudÿ fÁTe d¢ mi;¨x d¨ fyf[k, |

UNIT III 16. Describe Fresnel’s diffraction due to a straight edge and obtain the expression for position and width

of fringes. How does the intensity change in and outside the geometrical shadow. ,d lh/kh d¨j d¢ dkj.k Ýsuy foorZu dh ?kVuk d¨ o.kZu dhft, rFkk fÝUt¨ dh fLFkfr ,oa p©Mk+Ã dk O;atd ÁkIr dhft;s | T;kferh Nk;k d¢ Hkhrj ,oa ckgj rhozrk dk ifjorZu dSls g¨rk gS |

OR Discuss Fraunhoffer’s diffraction due to a narrow single slit and deduce the position of maxima and minima. Show that the intensity of the first subsidiary maximum is roughly 4.5% of that of the principal maximum. ,d iryh fLyV }kjk ÝkaUkgkWQj foorZu dk o.kZu dhft;s v©j vf/kdre rFkk U;wUkre rhozrk dh fLFkfr; a dk fuxeu dhft;s | fl) dhft;s fd igys }hRrh;d mfPp“B dh rhozrk eq[; mfPp“B dh rhozrk dh yxHkx 4-5 Áfr‘kr g¨rh gS |



Class : B.Sc. [ Maths ] Sub : Physics

Paper I : [PHY-401]: Optics Time : 2 ½ Hrs. M.M: 50 Marks Instruction : In case of any doubt, the English version of paper stands correct.




1. What is interference?

O;frdj.k D;k gksrk gSa\ 2. Explain coherence.

dyk lEc/krk dks le>kb;sA 3. Why very thin film appears black?

vR;ra iryh fQYe dkyh D;ksa fn[kkbZ nsrh gSa\ 4. What are Fizeau Fringes?

fQtks fÝat D;k gksrh gSa\ 5. Write Malus Law?

eSyl dk fu;e fy[kksA 6. What is extra-ordinary wave?

vlk/kkj.k rjax D;k gSa\ 7. Give names of any two crystal showing double refraction.

f}&viorZu fn[kkus okys fdUgh nks fØLVyksa ds uke nhft;sA 8. What are Polaroid?

ikWysjkbM D;k gksrs gSa\ 9. What is diffraction?

foorZu D;k gksrk gSa\ 10. Define dispersive power of grating?

xzsfVax dh fo{ksi.k {kerk dks ifjHkkf"kr djksA

Section B [10Marks]




UNIT I (3 Marks)

11. Explain the method to measure wavelength by Michelson interferometer. ekbZdssYlu O;frdj.kekih ls rajxnS/;Z ekiu fof/k dk o.kZu djksA

OR

The diameter of fourth and twelfth dark fringes in the Newton ring experiment are 0.4 cm and 0.7cm respectively. Find diameter of twentieth dark fringe. U;wVu oy; iz;ksx esa pkSFkh o ckgjoha dkyh fÝat dk O;kl Øe’k% 0.4 cm o 0.7 cm gSaA chloh dkyh fÝt dk U;kl Kkr djksA

UNIT II (3 Marks)

12. Explain the Brewster’s law.

czwLVj ds fu;e dks le>kb;sA

OR

Calculate the thickness of quarter and half wave plates if � = 6000�� , �� = 1.553 and �� = 1.544. prqFkkZ’ka o v/kZ rjax ifV~Vdkvksa dh eksVkbZ Kkr djks ;fn � = 6000�� , �� = 1.553 rFkk �� =1.544 gSA

UNIT III (4 Marks)

13. Describe the half period zones.

v/kZ vkorhZ dfVca/k dk o.kZu djksaA

OR

Find the radius of first three transparent zones of a zone plate behaving like a convex lens of focal length of 2 meter for light of � = 6000��. ,d 2 m ds mRry ysU; dh rjg dk;Z dj jgh tksu IysV ds izFke rhu ikjn’khZ dfVca/kksa dh f=T;k Kkr djks ;fn izdk’k ds fy;s � = 6000�� gSA





UNIT I

14. Describe and explain the formation of Newton’s rings in reflected light.

ijkofrZr izdk’k esa U;wVu oy; ds cuus dk o.kZu djks rFkk bls le>kb;sA

OR

Describe the construction and working of Michelson’s interferometer. ekbZdsYlu O;frdj.kekih dh cukoV o dk;Ziz.kkyh dk o.kZu djksaA

UNIT II

15. Describe the construction and working of a Nicole prism fudkWy fizTe dh cukoV o fØ;k fof/k dk o.kZu djksA

OR Explain the principle and Construction of quarter and half wave plates. prqFkkZ’k o v/kZ rjax ifn~dk dk fl)kar o dk;Ziz.kkyh le>kvksaA

UNIT III

16. Explain the diffraction from a double slit and describe the intensity pattern.

f}&fLyV o foorZu dks le>kvks rFkk rzhork izfr:Ik dk o.kZu djksA

OR

Discuss the Franel diffraction from a circular disc. o`rkdkj fMLd ls Ýsusy foorZu dh foospuk djksA

The End



Class : B.Sc. [Maths] Sub : Physics

Paper II : [PHY-402]:Electronics Time : 2 ½ Hrs. M.M: 50 Marks Instruction : In case of any doubt, the English version of paper stands correct.




1. Write down the principle of oscillation.

n¨fy= d¢ fl)kar d¨ fyf[k, |

2. What is negative resistance oscillator?

_.kkRed Áfrj¨/k n¨fy= D;k gS \

3. What is feedback oscillator?

iquÆuos‘kh n¨fy= D;k gS \

4. Using NOR Gate obtain AND Gate.

NOR }kj d¨ AND }kj ls ÁkIr dhft, |

5. What is the value of � + ��?

� + �� dk eku D;k g¨xk\

6. How can a transistor be used as switch?

VªkaftLVª fLop d¢ #i esa dSls mi;¨x g¨rk gS \

7. Give the statement of superposition theorem.

v/;kj¨i.k Áes; dk dFku nhft, |

8. Draw the Norton’s equivalent circuit. ukaVZu Áes; dk rqY; ifjiFk cukb;s |

9. Define active and passive networks.

lfØ;k o fu“Ø; tky d¨ ifjHkkf“kr dhft, |

10. What do you mean by bilateral impedance?

f}ikfjoZd Áfrck/kk ls vki D;k le>rs gS \

Section B [10Marks]




UNIT I (3 Marks)

11. Derive Barkhausen criterion for oscillations.

,d n¨yd d¢ fy, ckdZgkmtu Áfrca/k O;qRiUu dhft, |

OR

Draw the circuit diagram of a Calpitt’s oscillator and explain its operation.

dkWfYiV n¨fy= dk ewy ifjiFk fpf=r dhft, v©j mldh fØ;k fof/k le>kb;s |

UNIT II (3 Marks)

12. What is XOR Gate? Discuss its truth table. XOR }kj ls D;k rkRi;Z gS \ bldh lR;eku lkj.kh d¨ le>kb;s |

OR

Using Boolean algebra, simplify the following expression.

�� + �(� + �) + �(� + �)

cwyh; chtxf.kr }kjk O;atd �� + �(� + �) + �(� + �)d¨ ljy dj¨ |

UNIT III (4 Marks)

13. State and explain Kirchheff’s law.

fdjpkWd d¢ fu;e¨a dk mYys[k dj budh O;k[;k dhft, |

OR

Define impedance (Z-parameters) parameter for a four terminal network and obtain the

expression for input and output impedance.

pkj VÆeuy tky d¢ iSjkehVj¨ dh ifjHkk“kk nhft, rFkk fuÆo“V v©j fuxZr Áfrck/kkv¨ d¢ fy, O;atd ÁkIr dhft, |





UNIT I

14. With the help of a suitable diagram explain the working of Hartley oscillator. Deduce

expression for frequency of oscillation and obtain the necessary condition for sustained

oscillations in Hartley oscillator.

gkVZys n¨fy= d¢ ifjiFk dk fp= [khfp,] mldh dk;Z Á.kkyh le>kb;s nÿu vko`fr d¢ fy, lw= fudkfy;s rFkk i¨f“kr dEiu¨ dh ‘kr Z d¢ fy, lw= ÁkIr dhft, |

OR

Derive the circuit diagram of R-C phase shift oscillator and explain the working of it? Prove

that necessary condition to maintain the oscillation for R-C phase shift oscillator is

R-C n¨fy= d¢ ifjiFk dk fp= [khapdj dk;Z fof/k le>kb;s fl) dhft, fd R-C n¨fy= esa Áfrifyr nÿu tfur djus d¢ fy, vko‘;d Áfrca/k gS %

ℎ�� > 23 + 29�

��+

4��

�

UNIT II

15. (a). Discuss functioning of TTL OR Gate in detail with suitable diagram and truth table.

TTL OR }kj dk ifjiFk fp= [khapdj dk;Z Á.kkyh d¨ le>kb;s rFkk lR;eku lkj.kh Hkh nhft, |

(b) State De Morgan’s theorem.

ns ekWxZu Áes; dk dFku nhft, |

OR

Write short note on :

(a) OR Gate

(b) AND Gate

(c) NOT Gate

(d) NAND Gate

UNIT III

16. State and prove Thevenin’s theorem.

Fksofuu Áes; dk dFku dj mld¨ fl) dhft, |

OR

a. State and prove maximum power transfer theorem.

vf/kdre ‘kfdr lapj.k Áes; dk dFku nhft, rFkk bls fl) dhft, |

b. If the impedance of a 20v generator is (1.5 + j1)Ω and is connected with a load, then what

will be the value of the maximum power transferred to the load also find the value of the

load for which the maximum power will be delivered?

fdlh 20 oŸV oŸVrk d¢ tfu= dh Áfrck/kk (1.5 + j1)Ω gS mls fdlh y¨M ls t¨M+k x;k gS y¨M d¢ fdl eku d¢ fy, vf/kdre ‘kfDr lapfjr g¨xh lapfjr vf/kdre ‘kfDr dk eku D;k g¨xk |

The End




Paper I : [PHY-401]:Optics Time : 2 ½ Hrs. M.M: 50 Marks Instruction : In case of any doubt, the English version of paper stands correct.



I. Answer the following.

1. What is the principle of superposition?

v/;kjïu dk fl)kUr D;k gS \ 2. What are the methods of obtaining the Coherent Source?

dyk lEc) L=¨r ÁkIr djus dh D;k fof/k;k¡ gS \ 3. Why are Newton’s rings in Circular shape?

U;wVu oy; oRrh; vkÑfRr dh D;ä g¨rh gS \ 4. What are Haidinger Fringes?

gSfMUtuj fÝUtsa D;k g¨rh gS \ 5. Write down Brewster’s law.

cqzLVj dk fu;e fyf[k;s | 6. What is half wave plate?

,d v)Z rjax ifV~Vdk D;k g¨rh gS \ 7. What are the positive & negative double refracting crystal?

/kukRed o _.kkRed f}viorZd fØLVy D;k g¨rs gS \ 8. What is Rayleigh’s criterion for just resolution?

jSls dh foHksnu dl©Vh D;k gS ? 9. Write down the important difference between Fresnel and Fraun Hoffer diffraction.

Ýsuy ,oa ÝkWu g©dj foorZu d¢ e/; egRoiw.kZ vUrj fyf[k;s | 10. What is meant by phase reversal zone plate?

dyk O;qRØe.k tüIysV ls D;k rkRi;Z gS \

Section B [10Marks]

Section B contains 6 questions (50 words each) and a candidate is required to attempt 3 questions, at least 1 from each unit. The first two UNITS are of 3 marks each and the last UNIT is of 4 marks.

II. Answer the following.

UNIT I (3 Marks)

11. 100 fringes are found shifted from vision region when moving mirror of Michelson interferometer is moved by a distance 0.003 mm. Calculate the wavelength of light used. ekÃd¢Ylu O;frdj.k ekih esa xfr‘khy niZ.k d¨ 0-003 feeh- foLFkkfir djus ij –f“V{ks= ls 100 fÝts foLFkkfir g¨rh gS] Á;qDr Ádk‘k dh rjax nS/;Z Kkr dhft;s |

OR

In Newton’s ring experiment tenth desk ring of reflected light of diameter 5 mm is obtained when a light of wavelength 5900Ao is used. Calculate the radius of curvature of lens used. U;wVu oY; Á;¨x esa 5900Ao rj.x nS/;Z oy; dk O;kl 5 feeh- ÁkIr g¨rk gS | ySal dh oØrk f=T;k Kkr dhft;s |

UNIT II (3 Marks)

12. Write down Fresnel’s theory of optical rotation. /kqzo.k /kw.kZu d¢ Ýsuy d¢ fl)kUr d¨ le>kb;s |

OR

Define specific rotation and on which factors does its depend? fof‘k“V ?kw.kZu dh ifjHkk“kk nhft;s rFkk ;g fdu dkjdä ij fuHkZj djrk gS |

UNIT III (4 Marks)

13. Compare a Zone plate with convex lens. ,d tü IysV o mryySal dh rqyuk dhft;s |

OR

Write the expression for resolving the power of a telescope. nwjn‘kh dh fofHknu {kerk dk O;atd ÁkIr dhft;s |


Section C – contains 6 questions. Answer any three questions (400 words each), selecting one from each unit. Each question is of 10 marks.

III. Answer the following.

UNIT I

14. Describe and explain the formation of Newton’s ring in reflected monochromatic light. Determine the diameter of bright & dark fringes and explain the method of determining the wavelength of monochromatic light. ,d o.kÊ Ádk‘k d¢ ijkorZu }kjk U;wVu oYk;ä d¢ cuus dk o.kZu dhft;s | nhIr o vnhIr oy;ä dk O;kl rFkk ,do.kÊ Ádk‘k dh rj.k nS/;Z Kkr djus dh fof/k le>kb;s |

OR

Describe the structure and working of Febry-Perot interferometer and deduce the expression for intensity distribution of the fringes. Explain the importance of ‘coefficient of fitness(F).

Q¢czh isj¨V O;frdj.k ekih dh jpuk ,oa dk;Z Á.kkyh dk o.kZu dhft;s rFkk fÝt¨ dh rhozrk forj.k dk lw= O;qRiu dhft;s | vuq#irk xq.kkad (F) dk D;k egRo gS \

UNIT II

15. Explain the principle and working of bi-quartz Polarimeter. How can you determine the specific rotation of sugar solution by using it? f}DokfVd /kqzo.kekih d¢ fl)kUr o dk;Z Á.kkyh dk o.kZu dhft;s | vki bld¢ }kjk phuh d¢ ?k¨y fof‘k“V ?kw.kZu dSls Kkr djsaxs\

OR

Explain the principle and working of Laurent’s half shade polar meter. How can you determine the specific rotation of ‘sugar solution’ by using it? ykajsUV v)Z vkoj.k /kqzo.kekih d¢ fl)kUr o dk;ZÁ.kkyh dk o.kZu dhft;s | vki bld¢ }kjk ßphuh d¢ ?k¨yß dk fof‘k“V ?kq.kZu dSls Kkr djsaxs \

UNIT III

16. Give the theory of a plane transmission grating. Show how would you use plane transmission grating to find the wavelength of light? lery ikjxeu XkszfVx d¢ fl)kUr d¨ le>kb;s bldh lgk;rk ls Ádkl dh rjaxnS/;Z dSls Kkr djsaxs \

OR

Define the resolving power of grating and derive the formula for resolving power. What is relation between resolving power & dispersive power of a grating? XkszfVu dh foHksnu {kerkdh ifjHkk“kk nhft;s rFkk bldh foHksnu {kerk dk lw= O;qRiUu dhft;s | ,d XkszfVx dh foHksnu {kerk ,oa o.kZ fo{ksi.k {kerk esa D;k lEca/k g¨rk gS |

The End




Paper II : [PHY-402]:Electronics – II Time : 2 ½ Hrs. M.M: 50 Marks Instruction : In case of any doubt, the English version of the paper stands correct.



I. Answer the following:

1. What is the Barkhausen Criterion for an oscillator?

n¨fy= d¢ fy, ckdZgkmtu Áfrca/k ls D;k rkRi;Z gS \

2. Find the value of ℎ�� for � − � oscillator if �� = 3�Ω and � = 6�Ω where symbols have their usual meaning. ,d � − � n¨yd d¢ fy, ℎ�� dk eku Kkr dj¨ ;fn �� = 3�Ω rFkk � = 6�Ω g¨ tgk¡ Árhd¨ d¢ lkekU; vFkZ gS |

3. What is negative resistance oscillator? _.kkRed Áfrj¨/k n¨fy= D;k gS \

4. Prove that fl) dj¨

(�� + �� )�� + �� = �� + �� . 5. Using NAND gate obtain OR gate.

NAND }kj d¨ OR }kj ls ÁkIr dhft, |

6. What is the value of � + ��? � + �� dk eku D;k g¨xk\

7. State Miller’s theorem. feyj Áes; dk dFku fyf[k;s |

8. What is meant by linear impedance? ,d jSf[kd Áfrck/kk ls D;k rkRi;Z gS \

9. What is the difference between a loop and a mesh? ,d ywi v©j ik‘k esa D;k vUrj gS \

10. Define ideal voltage source. vkn‘kZ o¨YVrk L=¨r dh ifjHkk“kk fyf[k;s |

Section B [10Marks]



II. Answer the following questions.

UNIT I (3 Marks)

11. Prove that for the generation of oscillation in a R—C oscillator, the following condition is necessary-

fl) dhft, fd R—C n¨fy= esa nÿu mRiUu djus d¢ fy, vko‘;d Áfrca/k |

ℎ�� ≥ 23 +29

�+ 4�,

�ℎ�� =��

�

OR

Explain the Barkhausen criterion of oscillation. nÿu d¢ fy, ckdZgkmtu dl©Vh d¨ le>kb, |

UNIT II (3 Marks)

12. Derive AND and OR gate using NOR gates. NOR }kj dh enn ls AND rFkk OR }kj cukb;s |

OR

Using Boolean algebra, simplify the following expression. cwyh; cht xf.kr }kjk O;atd d¨ ljy dj¨ |

�� + �(� + �) + �(� + �)

UNIT III (4 Marks)

13. State and prove Norton’s theorem. ukWVZu Áes; dk dFku nsdj fl) dj¨ |

OR

State and prove Thevenin’s theorem. Fksosfuu Áes; dk dFku nsdj fl) dj¨ |





UNIT I

14. Draw the circuit diagram of Colpitts oscillator. Find the formula for frequency of oscillation and obtain the necessary condition for sustained oscillations. dkWfYiV n¨fy= dk ifjiFk fp= cukb, | nÿu vko`fr dk O;atd ÁkIr dhft, rFkk nÿuä d¨ i¨f“kr j[kus d¢ fy, vko‘;d Áfrca/k ÁkIr dhft, |

OR

Draw the circuit diagram of Hartley oscillator. Deduce expression for frequency of oscillation and obtain the necessary condition for sustained oscillations in Hartley oscillator. gkVZys n¨fy= dk ifjiFk fp= cukb, | nÿu vko`fr dk O;atd ÁkIr dhft, rFkk nÿu¨ d¨ i¨f“kr j[kus d¢ fy, vko‘;d Áfrca/k ÁkIr dhft, |

UNIT II

15. a. Write the truth table of NOR gate. NOR }kj dh lR;eku lkfj.kh fyf[k;s |

b. Prove the Boolean theorem �� + �� = �� + ��. cwyh; Áes;�� + �� = �� + �� d¨ fl) dhft;s c. Explain the working of a transistor as a switch. VªkaftLVj ,d fLop dh HkkWfr fdl Ádkj dk;Z djrk gS] le>kb;s |

OR

a. Draw the truth table of AND gate. AND }kj dh lR;eku lkfj.kh cukb;s |

b. Draw symbol and truth table of XOR gate. XOR }kj dk Árhd rFkk lR;eku lkfj.kh cukb;s |

c. Prove the following Boolean identities. fuEufyf[k, cwyh; loZlfedkv¨ d¨ fl) dhft;s |

(� + �). (� + �). (� + �) = �. � + �. � + �. �

UNIT III

16. State and prove Super position theorem. v/;kj¨i.k Áes; dk dFku nsdj mls O;qRiUu dhft;s |

OR State and prove Maximum Power transfer theorem. vf/kdre ‘kfDr lapj.k Áes; dk dFku nsdj mls O;qRiUu dhft;s |

The End

sophia girls’ college, ajmer

Documents