Andrea Ware-DavisDesiree Donson

Although Brazil and Argentina gained independence from their dominant foreign powers, Spain and Portugal, there was still an extent to which their independence was restricted.

* Independence granted in 1822 by Pedro from Portugal

* After 1894, coffee states Sao Paulo & Minas Gerais made deal to monopolize the presidency (no political parties)

* Depression of 1929 caused a decrease in coffee prices= failure of “Old Republic”

* Man selected from Sao Paulo to be president= Liberal Alliance formed=overthrow of Gov. and the dictatorship of Vargas (1930-1945)

* “New State” (power of Gov. over the states) but still tried to reason with the civilians

* However the demand for political participation caused violence and riots=ABSOLUTE POWER

* 1935 National Security Law (police state)

* Promote industrialization.. Brazil’s first steel mill(economic independence)

* Argentine War of Independence (1810-1818) Manuel Belgrano, Juan José Castelli and José de San Martín against Spanish colonists

* July 9, 1816 congress of Tucuman declare independence from Spain

* Foreign economic dependency (GB..economic dominance rather than political control)

* Depression of 1929 stopped international trade= economic colonialism

* All power was to elites and military strongmen (Conservatives 1889-1890)* Rigged elections

* Inefficient

* Corrupt (interest in large land owners and foreign capitalists)

* Led to demand for political participation and mass mobilization

* 1892 protest movement by Radical Civic Union with leader Yrigoyen* Won 1916 elections but were unprepared

* Conservatives succeeded in 1930

* 1930-1943 “Infamous Decade”* Ended elite control of gov.

* 1943 coup took over (turned to Juan Peron)

* Made reforms/negotiations with working class

Was Brazil a nation-state?

Was Argentina a nation-state?

Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 09 Feb. 2011. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-

art/452378/13430/Juan-Peron-1954>.

Findley, Carter V., and John A.M Rothney. "Latin America's Struggle for Development." Twentieth Century World. Sixth ed. [S.l.]:

Houghton Miffin, 2006. Print.

"Getulio Vargas Biography - Brazilian Dictator and President." Brazil - Travel, Political and Cultural Information. Web. 09 Feb. 2011. <http://www.v-brazil.com/culture/historic-characters/getulio-vargas.html>.

"Map of South America, South American Countries, Landforms, Rivers, and Geography Facts - Worldatlas.com." World Atlas including Geography Facts, Maps, Flags - Worldatlas.com. Web. 09 Feb. 2011. <http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/sa.htm>.