south carolina’s gubernatorial leadership: assessing the past and anticipating the future fred...
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Transactional Leadership (Sustaining/Maintaining) Versus Transformational (Changing/Adapting) JAMES MACGREGOR BURNS’ MEASURES OF EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIPTRANSCRIPT
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SOUTH CAROLINA’S GUBERNATORIAL LEADERSHIP:
Assessing the Past and Anticipating the Future
Fred CarterFrancis Marion University
October 10, 2011
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Unifying Leadership?
Aggressive Leadership?....Policy or Politics?
Visionary Leadership?
Efficacious Leadership?
Progressive Leadership?
Enduring Leadership?
THE STANDARD FOR DEFINING A “GOOD” GOVERNOR
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Transactional Leadership (Sustaining/Maintaining)
Versus
Transformational (Changing/Adapting)
JAMES MACGREGOR BURNS’ MEASURES OF EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP
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TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP
• Short to Intermediate Term Effect
• Compromising or Bargaining Strategy
• Opinion/Group/Legislative/Party Influences
• Focus on Means to the Exclusive of Ends
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TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP
• Long term Effect to Permanent Impact
• Reform or Revolutionary Strategy
• Policy and Value Influences
• Focus on Means to Achieve Ends
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EXAMINING THE PAST TO UNDERSTAND THE FUTURE:
APPRAISING THE GOVERNORS
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THE AGENDA
• Education Policy
• EIA Funding
• Enhancing Support for Medically Indigent
• Second Term Governor
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THE AGENDA• Economic Development
Policy
• Hurricane Hugo - Response/Recovery
• Emergency Management Reform
• “Lost Trust” Reform
• Government RestructuringCARROLL CAMPBELL (R) –
GREENVILLE1987-1995
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THE AGENDA
• Economic Development Policy
• Video Poker Abolition
• Confederate Flag Removal
• All Day Kindergarten Opposition
DAVID BEASLEY (R) – SOCIETY HILL
1995-1999
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THE AGENDA
JIM HODGES (D) – LANCASTER1999 - 2003
• Education Policy
• Increase Teachers Salaries
• First Steps (Early Childhood) Initiative
• Hurricane Floyd - Response/Recovery
• Education Lottery
• Confederate Flag Compromise
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THE AGENDA
MARK SANFORD (R) – SULLIVAN’S ISLAND
2003 - 2011
• Economic Development Policy
• School Choice Initiative
• Government Restructuring
• Heritage Trust Land Acquisition
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ASSESSING THE GOVERNOR:PERCEPTION, SUBSTANCE AND LEGACY
Governor
Perceived Accomplishment
Real Accomplishment Legacy
Riley Education
2nd Term Governor/Education Transforming
CampbellEconomic Development
Hugo/Economic Develop Transforming
BeasleyEconomic Development
Cabinet Government
Transactional (high)
Hodges EducationLottery/First Steps
Transform/Transactional
SanfordGovernment Restructuring
Heritage Trust Land
Transactional (low)
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THE TEMPLATE FOR THE FUTURE:LESSONS FOR FUTURE GOVERNORS
1. Limit the Agenda (2-3 Issues Per Term)
2. Ideology/Politics/Policy Interface
3. Developing Initiatives for the Office that You Hold - Not the One that You Aspire to Hold
4. Some Issues/Events Can’t Be Manipulated (Natural Catastrophes/Economic Recession)
5. A Press Conference May Start a Policy – It Doesn’t Implement It
6. Intellectual Leadership Versus Symbolic Gestures
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The Inevitable Result of Electoral Politics:
Ultimately We Get Whomever We Elect