southeastern pacific tsunami warning solutions

www.envirtech.com Southeastern Pacific Tsunami Warning Solutions1

Southeastern PacificTsunami Warning Solutions

Envirtech S.p.A.Dr. Furio RUGGIERO

President

February, 2011

Southeastern Pacific Tsunami Warning Solutions


Established in 1999, European Private Company (Italy)

Oceanography, Environment,

Marine surveillance, Maritime Security

ISO9001:2000 Certified

NATO Clearance

Prototypes Laboratory: ITALY – Venice

Factory: ITALY - VIDOR (TV)

Envirtech: in brief


Core Business

Core Business

• Oceanographic Systems, surface and deep water

• Oceanographic and meteo sensors

• Low power consumption data loggers (IP based)

• Underwater acoustic systems

• SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) on very large or geographic base

• Early warning systems

• CDMA/UMTS/GPRS/GSM and others public network based systems in addition to VHF/UHF/LEO/VSAT systems

• Official Inmarsat solution provider, skilled on Inmarsat-C, D+ and BGan (satellite IP based solutions)


Envirtech knowledge in the Subsea segment

- System engineering for deep-sea application (Feasibility, Design, Construction)- Marinisation of “off the shelf” or custom devices: sensors, electronics.- Development of custom data acquisition and communication software

IN ORDER TOCover all technical requirements of an underwater environment


Moored and drifting Buoys – AUGUST 2010


NOAA/NWS - March 2008 – 39 station array

DART II TECHNOLOGY


TSUNAMETER IMPROVEMENT

DART II TECHNOLOGY

• PMEL-recommended modified electronics to reduce false alarms and spiking due to acoustic feedback

• Mooring analysis to reduce mooring failures• Easy To Deploy (ETD)

• Participating in the validation of proposed GTS/BUFRformat for real-time messages as requested by Australian Bureau of Meteorology (this is an international format used by Envirtech Buoys too)

(source NOAA)


TSUNAMETER TOPICS

DART II TECHNOLOGY

• Occasional Date Sticking in Standard Mode

• False Events• Abnormal Paroscientific Drift• 14 over 39 (35 %) Buoys off-mooring. 3 of

them with mooring line cut• Unknown adrift cause for most of them• About USD 375,000 to replace each buoy

Issues to address


TSUNAMETER ISSUES - DART II TECHNOLOGY

Cut11533502.6D2212/11/0842408

Lost86137732.6D1712/04/0846410

Unknown42947442.6D3709/28/0821415

Unknown5956592.6D1008/22/0841420

Cut11455102.6D3808/22/0821417

Unknown71856592.6D1303/20/0841420

Cut24732582.6D3101/23/0842408

Unknown53727752.6D1401/11/0846419

Lost224352.6D5301/11/0844402

Wear62252562.6D1512/10/0741424

Unknown8943342.6D0711/25/0744402

Unknown3955162.6D3808/31/0721417

Unknown35132582.6D3304/01/0742408

Unknown56335002.6D0401/31/0646405

CauseAge (days)Depth (meters)HullDate FailedStation

2006-2008 Tsunameter Mooring Failures


Envirtech Tsunami Warning Solutions

UM Underwater

Module

SBSurface

Buoy

DCData Center

Poseidon Class Tsunameter

Vulcan Class Tsunameter

Envirtech MKIIITsunami buoy

Tsunami Waves Assess. Dispatching, warning,

Public broadcast, horns

MODELSWaves ETA, Height -

Inundation

Envirtech Solutions for Tsunami assessment and early warning

UM Underwater

Module

Envirtech DeepSea MKII-1 –GPS BUOY


UNDERWATER MODULE

UM Underwater Module

VULCAN CLASS


MeTAS – Envirtech Vulcan Class Benthic Station


Altimeter (0.3 - 50m)

Hydrophone(0Hz - 20kHz)

(-92 dB ref 1V/ubar)

2 x Pressure sensors(7000 m full scale)(1mm accuracy)

Titanium Vessels(6000 mwd)

SeismometerHousing



WHEN TO USE A VULCAN CLASSUnderwater Module

1. It is a customizable sea bottom remotely operable laboratory

2. Real time seismic data + hydrophones + pressure

3. Tsunamigenic source near the sensors

Envirtech: leading last projects


UNDERWATER MODULE


POSEIDON CLASS


Poseidon Class Underwater Module up to 6000 meters seabed

NIOT INDIA – SOA CHINA – NDWC THAILAND


Battery / Electronic HousingsBattery / Electronic HousingsBattery / Electronic Housings

Pressure Testedat 600 bar

PressurePressure TestedTestedat 600 barat 600 bar


P Pressure Sensor + Temperature

COUNTER

CPU

TSUNAMI ALGORITHM (Mofjeld)

DATA LOGGER

TILT SENSOR

MODEM

AcousticTransducer

Lithium Power Pack

Data I/O

UM – Poseidon Class Tsunameter – Schematic


The software functionalities provided by the UM are as follows:

• 3 operations state: Maintenance Mode, Normal Mode, Alarm Mode;

• In Normal Mode the software acquires, logs and processes every 15 seconds pressure data to detect events over the normal tide signal;

• Automatic switch in Alarm Mode in case of detection of an event and automatic sending of pressure data via acoustic link;

• Return to Normal Mode after 3 hours

UM – Poseidon Class Tsunameter – SOFTWAREUM – Poseidon Class Tsunameter – SOFTWARE


• Hourly acquisition and logging of UM Status Message composed of

– 4 averages on 15 mins of the tide data;– Seawater temperature;– Status sensors of Electronic housing;– Status sensors of Battery housing;– Heading and Tilt sensors data.– Sending in Normal Mode every 1 hour, 2 hours,

3 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours (depending on the user settings).

– Re-transmission protocol for missed data



• Management on Poll from data center– Pressure;– Seawater temperature;– Status sensors of Electronic housing;– Status sensors of Battery housing;– Heading and Tilt sensors data;– Management of commands to

• Set alarm detection threshold;• UM Status Messages time schedule;• Switch UM in Maintenance, Normal and Alarm

mode;• Management of bi-directional acoustic link with the

Surface Buoy to send messages and to receive commands and data poll.



Pressure Event Detection AlgorithmPressurePressure EventEvent Detection Detection AlgorithmAlgorithm

Mofjeld Algorithm: it allows to detect variations of the water columnin the typical Tsunami waves period range (2-90min)


The Mofjeld Algorithm summarized hereinafter

Detection Algorithm OptimizationDetection Detection AlgorithmAlgorithm OptimizationOptimization

can be optimized reducing the tide prediction error and decreasing the detection time adopting a Neural Network

Algorithm with a learning period of 10-20 days of acquisition data

(Time in hour)


UNDERWATER MODULE


Buoyancy and recovery


Poseidon Class Tsunameter and Relay Buoy


UM and Buoyancy LineUM and Buoyancy LineUM and Buoyancy Line

Net force in free fall: 886 N Max speed at installation: 1.05m/s

Net force at recovery: 857 NMax speed at recover: 1.07m/s

Net force in free Net force in free fallfall: : 886 N 886 N Max Max speedspeed at at installationinstallation: 1.05m/s: 1.05m/s

Net force at Net force at recoveryrecovery: : 857 N857 NMax Max speedspeed at at recoverrecover: : 1.07m/s1.07m/s

FREE FALL – POP UP SYSTEMFREE FALL FREE FALL –– POP UP SYSTEMPOP UP SYSTEM


Buoyancy LineBuoyancy LineBuoyancy Line



NIOT - National Institute for Ocean Technology - India


P [mmH2O]

16640

16650

16660

16670

16680

16690

16700

16710

16720

16730

16740

16750

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161 171 181 191 201 211 221 231 241 251 261 271 281 291 301 311 321

ALARM MESSAGE#01ALL001,0,06,41,00,10,08,2006,16702,16702,16706,16708,

P [mmH2O]

13620

13630

13640

13650

13660

13670

13680

13690

13700

13710

1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 100

ALARM MESSAGE: #01ALL001,0,13,51,00,10,08,2006,13681,13681,13680,13674,

The system sensitivity and promptness have been verified with controlled test in a pool, decreasing rapidly the water level or moving the system respect to the water surface of few mm (30mm) to simulate a “small”tsunami wave in open ocean

Poseidon Class Underwater Module 6000 m w.d.

NIOT - National Institute for Ocean Technology - India


Poseidon Class Tsunameter: Sumatra Tsunami September 12, 2007


Poseidon Class in South China Sea - SOA CHINA


Poseidon Class Tsunameter: Sumatra Tsunami October 25, 2010P-Waves


Surface Buoy (Tsunami Buoy)

SB

Surface Buoy

(Tsunami Buoy ?)


Envirtech EASY TO DEPLOY Tsunami Buoy MKIII


EASY TO DEPLOY (ETD) SURFACE BUOYEASY TO DEPLOY (ETD) SURFACE BUOY

The Envirtech SB is an easy to deploy “SPAR” buoy characterized by a tall and thin configuration. It floats upright in the water and it has a small water plane and a large mass. This configuration tends to be a stable ocean platform. Adjustment of the water plane area and the mass allows spar buoys to be tuned so they tend to not respond to wave forcing.

Length: 12,250mm Buoyant diameter: 1,450mm Focal Plane: 3,500mmWeigth in air: 1,450 kg + Payload of 200 kg Net Buoyancy: 2,700 kg

The Envirtech SB is an The Envirtech SB is an easy to deployeasy to deploy ““SPARSPAR”” buoy buoy characterized by a tall and thin configuration. It floats characterized by a tall and thin configuration. It floats upright in the water and it has a small water plane and a upright in the water and it has a small water plane and a large mass. This configuration tends to be a stable ocean large mass. This configuration tends to be a stable ocean platform. Adjustment of the water plane area and the platform. Adjustment of the water plane area and the mass allows spar buoys to be tuned so they tend to not mass allows spar buoys to be tuned so they tend to not respond to wave forcing. respond to wave forcing.

Length: Length: 12,250mm12,250mm Buoyant diameter:Buoyant diameter: 1,450mm1,450mm Focal Plane:Focal Plane: 3,500mm3,500mm WeigthWeigth in air:in air: 1,450 kg + Payload of 200 kg1,450 kg + Payload of 200 kg Net Buoyancy: Net Buoyancy: 2,700 kg2,700 kg


Envirtech Tsunami Buoy MKIII


4 BATTERY 4 BATTERY BOXESBOXES

1 ELECTRONIC1 ELECTRONICBOXBOX



Thai crew assembling Envirtech Tsunami Buoy MKIII


South China Sea – Mark III Tsunami Buoy

The special way toassemble the

acoustic modemsassures the best bidirectional data

transfer rate.


South China Sea - Envirtech Tsunami Buoy MKIII


DC – Data Center

MOORING LINE


Mooring LineMooring LineMooring Line


Mooring LineMooring LineMooring Line

Single point inverted S-type mooring structure composed of

100m of metal cable400m of polyester rope2150-2600 polypropylene rope

Single point inverted SSingle point inverted S--type mooring type mooring structure composed ofstructure composed of

100m of metal cable100m of metal cable400m of polyester rope400m of polyester rope21502150--2600 polypropylene rope2600 polypropylene rope


Cases of Analysis Cases of Analysis Cases of Analysis

CASESCurrent: Surface speed (m/s): 1.02

Speed at 50 m depth (m/s): 0.25Speed 500 m depth (m/s): 0.24Speed 2000 m depth (m/s): 0.21Speed at seabed (m/s): 0.13

Two extreme conditions have been considered:

Condition 3 (Beaufort 11)Wave Significant height Hs (m): 18.5

Mean zero-upcrossing period Tz (s): 15.5Wind Speed (m/s): 30.0

Current as above profileCondition 4 (>Beaufort 11)Wave Significant height Hs (m): 20

Mean zero-upcrossing period Tz (s): 16.0Wind Speed (m/s): 80


Main Results of analysisMain Results of analysisMain Results of analysis

polyester polypropylene

CASEwater depth max offset limit offset Tmax s. f. Tmax s. f.

(m) (m) (m) (N) - (N) -

1 2700 1408 1560 21092 7.30 22296 6.91

2 2700 1417 1560 17675 8.71 19863 7.75

3 2700 1428 1560 21045 7.32 22938 6.71

4 2700 1466 1560 20472 7.52 22952 6.71

5 2300 1112 1330 22423 6.87 22952 6.71

6 2300 1128 1330 21536 7.15 22726 6.78

7 2300 1136 1330 24723 6.23 25787 5.97

8 2300 1163 1330 17853 8.63 20861 7.38


Detailed design of mooring lineDetailed design of mooring lineDetailed design of mooring line

Main parts:

100m of 26mm metal cable

400m of 42mm polyester rope

2150-2600m of 42mm polypropylene rope

Net Lifting force is 200kg of pp line 28 kg of deep

buoy

Main parts:Main parts:

100m of 26mm metal cable100m of 26mm metal cable

400m of 42mm polyester 400m of 42mm polyester roperope

21502150--2600m of 42mm 2600m of 42mm polypropylene ropepolypropylene rope

Net Lifting force isNet Lifting force is 200kg of pp line200kg of pp line 28 kg of deep 28 kg of deep

buoybuoy


DC – Data Center

DEPLOYMENT


UM InstallationUM UM InstallationInstallation


BUOY INSTALLATIONBUOY INSTALLATIONBUOY INSTALLATION


WIFI link with ship

SAT link with Data Centre



DC – Data Center

DC

Data Center


DC – Data Center – Buoys Data Management Architecture


DC – Data Center – Buoy Management Architecture


DC – Data Center – Buoy Management Software

Thai system – UM1 - Pressure vs Time – January 2011



Thai system – UM1 - Pressure vs Time – Event on Feb 5, 2011



Web Site for maintenace purpose – world wide accessible


GTS / PTWS1GTS / PTWS1

CLUSTER

INTERNETINTERNET

DB

DMZ

Leased LinesLeased Lines

DispatchingServer

DB

DC – Data Center – Data interchange

(1) See WMO/GTS BUFR/CREX Template for Deep-Ocean Tsunameter Data


DC – Data Center – Data interchange

WMO NEW FORMAT - ESTIMATED NOVEMBRE 2011BUFR/CREX TEMPLATES FOR TSUNAMETER DATA AND DART BUOY SYSTEM MESSAGES

DATA DESCRIPTORS FOR VARIOUS DEEP-OCEAN TSUNAMETER SYSTEM MESSAGES

(DART BUOY = DEEP-OCEAN ASSESSMENT AND REPORTING OF TSUNAMIS BUOYS)

The common and specific items required for the various types of tsunameter system messages are described as follows. Descriptors in red are not YET available in the WMO Manual on Codes.

Common Items for Tsunami Event Reports and Extended Tsunami Event Reports 306031

New descriptor required0 01 053

2-digit sequence number allocated to the report for each tsunami event

Tsunami event report message ID

Specific Items for Tsunami Event Reports 306031

Specific Items for Standard Hourly Reports 306030 (normally six hourly messages of four 15-second observations at 15-minute intervals are reported in one transmission block)

Common Items for Standard Hourly and Tsunami Event Reports 306029

Specific Items for Tsunameter Surface Buoy Position Daily Report 306028

Common items for all tsunameter system messages 306027


DC – Models and Tools

DC Models and Tools


Early warning TOOLS and DSS

TSUNAMI ETA, waves

heightestimation

EstimatedFLOOD MAP

EartquakesInternational network

connection

Local or WebTools

MODEL BASED ON TSUNAMOGENIC

SOURCES LOCATION AND EARTHQUAKE

POSITION AND MAGNITUDE

MODELSbased on DTM

to estimate land flood depending

on Tsunami waves height

Envirtech Solutions for Tsunami assessment and early warning

TSUNAMI Early

Warning


Tsunami Early Warning Tools: TRY IT RIGHT NOW !!!

Tsunami early warning using earthquake rupture duration

http://s3.rm.ingv.it/warning/warning.htmlItalian Civil defence financed project – INGV/Lomax


Envirtech Tsunami Decision Support System

Tsunami DSS hardware Layout



Tsunami Estimation Model (Developed by European Commission - JRC)

OCS – Online calculation

System

GSD - Global Scenario Database2 Tbytes database based on 136,000

Calculations on a grid of 10,500 possibletsunamigenic sources

(0.5 x 0.5 degree grid) for earthquakesmagnitude between 6.5 and 9.5

TAT – Tsunami Analysis Tool



Calculations for any possibleTsunamigenic Source in Indian Ocean (based on Historicaldata)

ETA and Height of tsunami waves

TAT – Tsunami Analysys Tool Output (Developed by European Commission - JRC)


DC – Models and Tools

TSUNAMI BUOY

(GPS BUOY)


Envirtech directional wave buoy: Envirtech DEEP SEA MKI-2

HIGH PRECISION MULTICHANNEL MULTISATELLITE GPS BUOY

Multi-satellite (GPS-GLONASS_GALILEO), multi-frequency, simultaneusmulti-channel (more than70) receiver, centimeterlevel accuracy . WMO-IOC recognized sealevel data gatheringmethod.

MultiMulti--satellitesatellite (GPS(GPS--GLONASS_GALILEO), GLONASS_GALILEO), multimulti--frequencyfrequency, , simultaneussimultaneusmultimulti--channelchannel (more (more thanthan70) 70) receiverreceiver, , centimetercentimeterlevellevel accuracyaccuracy . . WMOWMO--IOC IOC recognizedrecognized seasealevellevel data data gatheringgatheringmethodmethod. .


Envirtech directional wave buoy: Envirtech DEEP SEA MKI-2

HIGH PRECISION MULTICHANNEL MULTISATELLITE GPS BUOY

Envirtech Deep Sea MKI-2


Microwaves Tide Stations for tsunami early warning

Envirtech manufactures Wmocompliant no stilling wellmicrowaves TIDE STATIONS ableto collect in real time any low frequency sea motion

Progammable up to 1 sample per second.

Embedded tsunami Earlywarning algorithm

Solar and wind powered

Bidirectional data transmission to control center via Inmarsat mini-C, VHF, V-SAT for early warning

Data diffusion via Web, GTS, CDMA, Edge, Umts.


Thank youfor attention

Envirtech S.p.A.

southeastern pacific tsunami warning solutions

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