sp 472 american film history, week 11
TRANSCRIPT
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Writing
• What is the writers’ contribution?
• Can you name a screenwriter?
• How many writers work on a film?
• How much is the director and how much is the writer?
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Writing
• Reading a screenplay - what is there and what is missing?
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Writing• Classical Paradigm
– Dominant narrative structure in American Film
– Protagonist - initiates action
– Antagonist - resists action– Dramatic question - How
does the protagonist get what he/she wants
– Conflict/opposition– Patterns of action - cause
& effect until climax and resolution
Casablanca
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Writing– Dramatic unity– Plausible motivations– Coherence– Deadlines help move the
action– Often Classical Narrative is
a journey, chase or search– Protagonist is goal-oriented
- passive characters are not deemed as interesting
Casablanca
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Writing
• Screenplay Structure– Three Acts– Act I - Set up– First quarter of the movie– Premise defined– Obstacles laid out
Casablanca
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Writing
• Screenplay Structure– Three Acts– Act II – Confrontation– Protagonist fights obstacles– Reversal of fortune in middle
Casablanca
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Writing
• Screenplay Structure– Three Acts– Act III - Resolution– What happens as a result
of the climax
Casablanca
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Writing• Point of View
– First person narrator– Omniscient point of
view– Third person narrator– Objective point of
view
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Writing
• First person narrator– Tells his/her own story
or an objective observer
– Can be reliable or not– Can be the camera
A Clockwork Orange
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Writing
• Omniscient point of view– Camera or narrator
is an all-knowing observer like in a novel
– Every time the camera is moved, you are given a new way to evaluate the scene
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Writing
• Objective point of view– Variation of
omniscient– Records events
impartially - ideally suited to film
– More “realistic” as there is less distortion
The Passenger
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Writing• Non-verbal or
figurative techniques
The Shining & Diane Arbus’ Twins
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Writing
• Motifs– Integrated within the
realistic texture of a film
– Anything that is systematically repeated, yet does not call attention to itself - unduly…
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Writing• Symbols
Being There
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Writing• Symbols
Planet of the Apes & Godzilla
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Writing• Metaphor
– A comparison that cannot “literally” be true
– Two items that are not normally together - “devoured be love”
Trainspotting
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Writing• Allegory
– Avoidance of realism– Connection between
a character or situation and a symbolic idea or complex ideas
The Seventh Seal
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Writing• Allegory
– Avoidance of realism– Connection between
a character or situation and a symbolic idea or complex ideas 8 & 1/2
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Writing• Allusion
– Implied reference to a well-know person, event or work of art
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Writing• Allusion
– Implied reference to a well-know person, event or work of art
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Writing
• Homage– Like a quote or
tribute to a colleague or established master
Battleship Potemkin
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Writing
• Homage– Like a quote or
tribute to a colleague or established master
The Untouchables
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Writing
Psycho & “Halloween H20
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Writing
• Literary adaptations– Loose– Faithful– Literal
Emma
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Writing
• Loose
King Lear and Ran
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Writing
• Faithful
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Writing
• Literal - often reserved for stage plays
Proof - the film and the play
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Writing• Some Like It Hot, 1959
– Written & Dir. by Billy Wilder w/Marilyn Monroe, Tony Curtis, Jack Lemmon & George Raft
– Nominated for 6 Oscars, won 1 ( Best Costume Design)
– Considered one of the greatest comedies of all time
– Rated “Condemned” by the Catholic Legion of Decency & banned in Kansas
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Writing
• Billy Wilder, 1906-2002– Started as a screenwriter– Films are very informed by
his European roots– Went on to become one of
the greatest Hollywood directors ever
– Films include: • The Apartment, Double
Indemnity, One, Two, Three, The Lost Weekend. Sabrina, Stalag 17, Sunset Boulevard, Ace in the Hole, The Seven Year Itch, Love in the Afternoon, Witness for the Prosecution
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Writing
• Tony Curtis, 1925-2010– Born Bernie Schwartz in
the Bronx– Stalled in costume dramas,
Burt Lancaster became a mentor and helped him break out of being just another pretty face
– Was married to Janet Leigh– Films include:
• The Defiant Ones, Houdini, The Sweet Smell of Success, The Boston Strangler, The Vikings, Spartacus, Operation Petticoat
Tony Curtis on Cary Grant
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Writing
• Jack Lemmon, 1925-2001– 7 films with Billy Wilder– Started on Broadway– Best Supporting Actor (Mr.
Roberts) & Best Actor (Save the Tiger)
– Films include:• Mr. Roberts, The Apartment,
Days of Wine & Roses, The Odd Couple, The Out of Towners, The Prisoner of Second Avenue, The China Syndrome, Missing, Glengarry Glen Ross, Grumpy Old Men
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Writing
• Marilyn Monroe, 1926-1962– Began as a model which
got her a film contract– Married to Joe DiMaggio &
Arthur Miller– Later studied the Method” at
the Actor’s Studio– Films include:
• All About Eve, The Asphalt Jungle, Niagara, How to Marry a Millionaire, The Seven Year Itch, Bus Stop, The Prince & The Showgirl, Let’s Make Love, The Misfits
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