SPACE NOTES SPACE NOTES Grade 9 science Grade 9 science

OUR UNIVERSEOUR UNIVERSE312-01 describe theories on the formation of the solar 312-01 describe theories on the formation of the solar

systemsystem

312-03 describe theories on the origin and evolution 312-03 describe theories on the origin and evolution of the universe: Big Bang Theory; Oscillating theoryof the universe: Big Bang Theory; Oscillating theory

BY THE END OF THE BY THE END OF THE LESSON…LESSON…

Everyone will knowEveryone will know: that theoretically our universe : that theoretically our universe started as one point of energystarted as one point of energy

Most people will be able to explainMost people will be able to explain: the different parts : the different parts of the Big Bang Theory, and why the theme song from the of the Big Bang Theory, and why the theme song from the

TV makes senseTV makes sense

Some people will be able to explainSome people will be able to explain: the Doppler : the Doppler Effect and Hubble’s theory and why it is evidence for the Effect and Hubble’s theory and why it is evidence for the

Big Bang TheoryBig Bang Theory

THEORIESTHEORIESA reminder that these notes are to learn about scientific A reminder that these notes are to learn about scientific

theories on the creation of the universetheories on the creation of the universe

Theories are not Laws (fact), they are not proven 100%, Theories are not Laws (fact), they are not proven 100%, but they do have a lot of evidence to back them upbut they do have a lot of evidence to back them up

THE BIG BANG THEORY THE BIG BANG THEORY

• The Big Bang Theory is The Big Bang Theory is

not only an awesome TV not only an awesome TV

showshow

• It is also _________for the It is also _________for the

origin of the universe origin of the universe

THE BIG BANG THE BIG BANG THEORYTHEORY

TIME BEGINS: THE BIG BANG TIME BEGINS: THE BIG BANG THEORYTHEORY

• The universe began ~13.7 billion The universe began ~13.7 billion

years agoyears ago

• The universe began The universe began __________________

• It was size of a It was size of a __________________

• The universe began as a The universe began as a

__________________

• All matter and space were All matter and space were

created from a single point of created from a single point of

pure energy in an instantpure energy in an instant

~ 3 MINUTES ~ 3 MINUTES AFTER BIG BANGAFTER BIG BANG

• The universe has grown from the The universe has grown from the size of an atom to size of an atom to _________ _________

• As energy slows down it As energy slows down it __________________

• Energy forms matter into clumps Energy forms matter into clumps that today we call that today we call __________________

• E=mcE=mc22

• These parts later form into atomsThese parts later form into atoms

~ SEVERAL HUNDRED THOUSAND ~ SEVERAL HUNDRED THOUSAND YEARS YEARS AFTER BIG BANGAFTER BIG BANG

• ATOMS form (specifically ATOMS form (specifically

hydrogen and a small amount hydrogen and a small amount

of helium)of helium)

• __________________

• It is still almost the same It is still almost the same

todaytoday

• Other elements were created Other elements were created

by stars through by stars through __________________

~200 TO 400 MILLION ~200 TO 400 MILLION YEARSYEARS AFTER BIG BANGAFTER BIG BANG

• 11stst stars and galaxies form stars and galaxies form

~ 4.6 BILLION YEARS AGO~ 4.6 BILLION YEARS AGO

• Our solar system Our solar system

formsforms

MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT THE MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT THE BIG BANGBIG BANG

• There was (and continues to be) There was (and continues to be) expansionexpansion

• This was not a balloon popping and releasing its airThis was not a balloon popping and releasing its air

• Imagine a balloon expanding;Imagine a balloon expanding;

• ____________________________________

• We tend to image the singularity (the first point of We tend to image the singularity (the first point of

energy) as a little fireball appearing somewhere in spaceenergy) as a little fireball appearing somewhere in space

• Space began inside of the singularitySpace began inside of the singularity

• _______________________-_______________________-

Activity #1Make a Big Bang TimelineInclude diagrams and labels for the stages on the right

•Singularity •Big Bang – energy•Matter•E=mc2•protons•Neutrons•electrons

•Atoms•Hydrogen•helium

•Stars and galaxies•Our solar system•Sun and all planets

•Earth (present day)

UNIVERSAL EXPANSION AND UNIVERSAL EXPANSION AND HUBBLE’S LAW: EVIDENCE HUBBLE’S LAW: EVIDENCE

• Hubble was an astronomer in the 1920’sHubble was an astronomer in the 1920’s

• Hubble used the Hubble used the ____________ ____________ to prove that to prove that galaxies are galaxies are ____________ ____________

• Blue light has a Blue light has a __________ __________ than red lightthan red light

• Galaxies that have light that is becomingGalaxies that have light that is becoming bluer bluer are are ________________________

• The majority of galaxies are The majority of galaxies are ____________ ____________ and and each othereach other

• The farther, the faster they moveThe farther, the faster they move

• This is a principal piece of evidence for the Big This is a principal piece of evidence for the Big BangBang

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5tKC3nEx2Ihttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5tKC3nEx2I

PRACTICE QUESTIONSPRACTICE QUESTIONS

• What is the Doppler Effect?What is the Doppler Effect?

• What does Hubble’s “Blue shift/ Red shift” refer to?What does Hubble’s “Blue shift/ Red shift” refer to?

• How is a blue shift in surrounding galaxies evidence for How is a blue shift in surrounding galaxies evidence for

the Big Bang Theory?the Big Bang Theory?

• In your own words explain the Big Bang Theory. In your own words explain the Big Bang Theory.