• Plans for space shuttle started in 1970• In 1976 first orbiter spacecraft (Enterprise) came out• Longest time in space 17.5 days most people was 8• 1983 June 8th first woman was in space• July 1999 First Mission commanded by a woman• A space shuttle (Challenger ) exploded, and so did

Columbia• Last of the Space Shuttle launches will be this year

2011

• Reusable Spacecraft• Launches like a rocket, maneuvers in Earth orbit like a

spacecraft, and lands like an airplane• Designed to fly at least 100 missions• 3 main parts: Orbiter (houses the crew), Large external

fuel tank ( holds fuel for main engines, and it burns up in the atmosphere after each launch), and the Two solid rocket boosters (provides most of the shuttle’s life during the first two minutes)

• Has a robotic arm so the crews can move large objects and it helps them with their spacewalks

• Docking mechanism to attach to ISS is located atop

• Middeck: crew eat, sleep, and have their personal equipment on the lower deck

• Flight deck: Shuttle cockpit on the top deck• Equipment Bay: smaller lower deck can’t go there unless

floor panels of the middeck are lifted• Payload Bay: airlock is used to seal spacewalkers off from

rest of the cabin and depressurize

• Launch: starts in a vertical position, thrust is provided by the 2 solid rocket boosters, and three space shuttle main engines, total thrust is about 7.8 million pounds. It needs to go from 0 to 29,000 kilometers per hr. (9 times faster than a rifle). End of first minute it has consumed more then 1 ½ million pounds of fuel.

• First stage Ascent: after 2 minutes, shuttle is 45 kilometers and traveling 4,900 kilometers per hr. Booster casing are jettisoned, and gets parachuted into the Atlantic Ocean, recovered by special NASA ships to be refilled with fuel

• Second Stage Ascent: three main engines first until 8.5 minutes after liftoff and burn liquid hydrogen, the engines exhaust is mostly water vapor as the hydrogen and oxygen combine, it consumes fuel at the rate it would take to drain a pool every 25 seconds. Generates over 37 million horsepower after main engines stop the external fuel is jettisioned

• Orbit: Shuttle is in an egg-shaped orbit, at highest point the two orbital maneuvering system engines fire for 3 minutes (puts orbiter in a safe altitude)

• Landing: Shuttle rotates tailfirst into the direction of travel. Slows down the shuttle to entire the atmosphere, takes place half a world away from the landing site. It takes about 25 minutes to enter the atmosphere, the leftover fuel needs to be burned up first. Nose is angled up during re-entry. Flight computers are in control until 40 km to touchdown, that’s when the commander takes over manually. 20 times faster than a commercial airline

• June 8th, 1983 the challenger was up to go to space• First US woman went into space – Sally Ride• Mission: Communications Satellite Launch• Crew: Commander Robert L. Crippen, Pilot Frederick H. Hauck and

Mission Specialists John M. Fabian, Sally K. Ride and Norman E. Thagard

• January 28th 1986 – STS-511- Space Shuttle• Bad weathering caused multiple rescheduling • The night before the launch was really cold• .678 seconds into flight a strong puff of gray smoke could be seen

near right solid rocket booster• 37 seconds it encountered first of several high-altitude wind sheer

conditions• 72 seconds a series of events occurred which terminated the flight• They were traveling at Mach 2 at altitude of 46,00 0feet• Shuttle got enveloped in an explosive burn , claimed vehicle, and

crew• Cause was due to an o-ring failure in right rocket booster, cold

weather was the contributing factor• Crew:Commander Francis R. Scobee, Pilot Michael J. Smith, Mission

Specialists Judith A. Resnik, Ellison S. Onizuka, Ronald E. McNair and Payload Specialists Gregory B. Jarvis and Sharon Christa McAuliffe

• Mission:TDRS-2; SPARTAN-203 Satellites

• July 1999 First mission commanded by a woman Eileen Collins

• Mission : Chandra X-Ray Observatory• Crew: Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby,

Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley, Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini.

• January 16th 2003• International scientific space flight, didn’t go to the ISS• During launch a piece of foam appeared to hit the orbiter • Reentry a temperature sensor went off• Piece of foam had damaged heat tiles• Crew and orbiter were lost over Texas• About 85,000 pieces of debris were shipped to KSC but

that was only 38% of the shuttle• Mission: Migrogravity Research Mission/SPACEHAB• Crew: Commander Rick Husband, Pilot Willie McCool,

Payload Commander Michael Anderson, Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla, David Brown, Laurel Clark and Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon.

• December 1998 First International space Station flight, started assembly

• Mission: First International Space Station Flight• Crew: Commander Robert D. Cabana, Pilot Frederick W. Sturckow,

Mission Specialists Nancy J. Currie, Jerry L. Ross, James H. Newman and Sergei K. Krikalev.

• Launched: December 4, 1998• Landing Site: Kennedy Space Center, Florida• Landing: December 15, 1998

• First woman got to be in space, and first woman was a commander• Got to go to ISS and work on assembly which I think is really cool

• (Ryba, 2007)• (NASA, 2008)• (Diller, 2010)• (Collection, 1983)• (NASA, NASA Images, 2009)• (Textanim)