Space Surveillance Network

Lt Col Glen ShepherdAir Force Space Command

(AFSPC)This briefing is for information only. No US Government Commitment to sell, loan, lease, co-develop or co-produce defense articles or provide defense services is implied or intended.

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Overview

• Space Surveillance Network• Future Upgrades• Current Satellite Catalog• Space Surveillance Support

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DedicatedCollateralContributingSSN C2

DIEGOGARCIA

ASCCCAPE COD

LSSC

BEALE

KAENA PT

CLEAR

SCC

THULE

CAVALIER

SOCORRO

ASCENSION

FYLINGDALES

EGLIN

MOSS COBRA DANE

GLOBUS II

MSX / SBV

MauiMSSS

Tracking RadarDetection RadarImaging RadarOptical TelescopeSSN C2

AFSSSRTS

LSSC = Lincoln Space Surveillance ComplexMillstone, Haystack, HAX

MSSS = Maui Space Surveillance System(former AMOS/MOTIF site)

AFSSS = Air Force Space Surveillance SystemRTS = Reagan Test Site

Space Surveillance Network (SSN) Map

Space Track PE Sensors

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Dedicated SSN Sensors

• Dedicated SSN sensors have a primary mission of Space Surveillance

• Dedicated sensors include:• Phased Array Radar (Eglin)• Mechanical tracker (Globus II – Vardo, Norway)• Detection only sensors (AFSSS)• Space based (MSX/SBV)• Ground based electro optical sensors (GEODSS and

MOSS)

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Collateral SSN Sensors

• Collateral sensors belong to AFSPC, but have a primary mission other than space surveillance

• Collateral sensors include:• Solid State Phased Array Radars (SSPARs)

• 3 Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS)• 2 PAVE Phased Array Warning System (PAVE PAWS)

• Phased Array Radar at Cavalier AFS, ND• Mechanical trackers at Kaena Point, HI and Ascension

Island • Support the Eastern and Western Launch Ranges.

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Contributing SSN Sensors

• Contributing sensors are sensors that either report to another Air Force Major Command or are under contract to AFSPC to provide space surveillance information

• Contributing sensors include:• Phased Array Radar (Shemya)• Maui Optical Space Surveillance System (MSSS)• Reagan Test Site on Kwajalein Island• Lincoln Space Surveillance System (LSSC)

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• Gap-filler between MSX/SBV & SBSS Objective System

• Metric (position) data and Space Object Identification (SOI) data

• Addresses challenges caused by weather, daytime and moonlight restrictions and limited capacity of existing optical and radar-based SSN

• SBSS Block 10 Launch1stQtr FY08

Space Based Space Surveillance (SBSS)

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Current Satellite Catalog

• There just over 9,000 man made cataloged space objects orbiting the Earth

• Consists of active and dead payloads, spent rocket bodies, and debris

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Congressional Tasking

• The FY04 Defense Authorization bill included language to allow the DoD to provide satellite tracking support to entities outside United States Government (foreign governments, companies, etc)• The SECDEF may carry out a pilot program to determine the

feasibility and desirability of providing to non-United States Government entities space surveillance data support described insubsection

• The pilot program three-year period planned to end May 07• Requested two-year extension until May 09 in order to further

study expanded support

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Program Details

• Provides timely, accurate, state-of-the-art space surveillance services• Registered users can download unclassified Two-Line Element

Sets, decay messages, and associated reports from Space-Track.org website

• Space-Track website achieved full functionality of NASA Orbital Information Group (OIG) website (May 05)• Since January 2005 accounts increased from 815 under NASA OIG

to almost 21,000• Users must agree to following terms before downloading data

• Users will not redistribute any data/analysis without DoD approval• Process in place to approve request for redistribution of TLEs and

analysis• Users will use data at own risk and will not hold the

government/Federally Funded Research and Development Center (FFRDC) liable for damages/losses resulting from decisions made based on data received

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Current Services

Current Website Products Include

• Catalog query for decay date• Satellite situation report (Zipped)• Catalog change history query• Web site update Status• Satellite Catalog Action Report• Special interest group report• 60 day decay forecast report• Satellite situation report• Downloadable files

• Geosynchronous catalog query• Query for international designator

• Decay prediction text query• Catalog query for catalog number

• Decay prediction report• Catalog query common name

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CFE Space-Track Website User Accounts

Space-Track User Accounts

500100015002000250030003500400045005000550060006500700075008000850090009500100001050011000115001200012500130001350014000145001500015500160001650017000175001800018500190001950020000205002100021500220001/

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Num

ber o

f Acc

ount

s

Active New Accounts Active NASA OIG Accounts Inactive NASA OIG Accounts

15000

20000

500

5000

10000

21319 Space-Track user accounts

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Space-Track User Accounts – by Nations

• There are users from 110 nations with Space-Track accounts

• The top 8 nations (US, Germany, UK, Canada, Australia, France, Netherlands, & Italy) comprise ~81% of the total accounts

• The top 17 nations comprise ~91% of the total accounts

United States Germany United Kingdom Canada Australia France Netherlands Italy Poland Japan Russian Federation Spain Austria Brazil Belgium New Zealand Switzerland Argentina Sweden South Africa Denmark Czech Republic Finland Norway Portugal Greece India Ukraine China Hungary Ireland Turkey Mexico Malaysia Chile South Korea

United States

GermanyUK

CanadaAustraliaFrance

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Potential Expanded Services

• Expanded Services • Launch Support• Conjunction Assessment (CA)• End-of-Life/Reentry Support• Anomaly Resolution Support• Performing Emergency Service

• Requests for these type of services are currently processed via USSTRATCOM Form 1

• Expanded Services will increase overall Space Situational Awareness

Will accomplish over time, within available resources

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Summary

• Space Surveillance Network• Future Upgrades• Current Satellite Catalog• Space Surveillance Support

QUESTIONS?

Back Up Slides

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The Form 1 Process

• There are two services that can be requested using the USSTRATCOM Form 1:• Request for Orbital Data/Advanced Type Services (Launch, Early

Orbit Determination, Anomaly Resolution, Maneuver, etc)• The USSTRATCOM NASA Liaison at NASA/GSFC helps CFE

customer get the correct format for CMOC processes• Either CMOC/J3S or 1 SPCS will send the approval message

and/or any products or services to the CFE customer depending on job request

• Request for Redistribution of TLEs/Analysis• CMOC/J3S or USSTRATCOM Liaison forward request for

redistribution to HQ AFSPC/A3CD for processing• HQ AFSPC/A3CD processes requests and forwards to

CMOC/J3S who sends the approved form 1 to the CFE requester

Request for these services are processed on a Case-by-Case basis on non interference basis with SCC