Department of Defense

Space Test Program“Access to Space”

Lt Chalie Galliand, USAF Spaceflight Mission Design Manager,

Mission Design DivisionSpace Development &Test Directorate

Office: 505-846-5329Chalie.galliand@kirtland.af.mil

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Previous Activities, 1st Year

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Previous Activies, 2nd Year

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Agenda

• STP Overview• STP Mission and History• Paths to STP support• SERB Process• APL Process

• STP Access to Space• Enablers

• Standards• Roadmap

• Rideshare Opportunities• Government Rideshare Working Group• EELV Standard Service

• Summary

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• “…provide mission design, spacecraft acquisition, integration, launch, and on-orbit operations for the maximum number of DoD… experiments, consistent with priority, opportunity. and available funding.” – STP Management and Funding Policy

• “The STP has been designated as the “front door” for all DoD auxiliary payloads (APLs) on DoD, civil and commercial launches, and for all non-DoD APLs seeking launch opportunities on DoD missions.” – STP AFI 10-1202; AR 70-43; OPNAVINST 3913.1B

• “single manager for all DoD payloads on the Space Shuttle, the ISS, future manned and unmanned NASA launch vehicles…” – STP AFI 10-1202; AR 70-43; OPNAVINST 3913.1B

The STP Mission

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STP History

(As of 23 Mar 10)

PNT(NTS-1: 1974)

Communications (LES 6: 1968)

Weather (HiLat-1983)

Missile Defense (RM-15: 1967)

STP has flown and will continue to fly advanced technology leading to tomorrow’s operational systems

507 Experiments on Over 212 Missions

Since 1967

Space Control(SOICAL-3: 1969)

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From Concept to RealityC/NOFS

STP is Critical to the Rapid Transitioning of Systems from Experiment to Operational Systems

DWSS

SSAEM

COSMIC-II

WorldwideData

Usage

COSMIC

Coriolis

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CubeSats

• CubeSat Proliferation• 10 Countries have successfully deployed CubeSats• Over 250 institutions developing CubeSats, including

Peru and Ecuador (Academia, Gov’t & Industry) • Growing number of STP experiments are CubeSats or

CubeSat compatible payloads• 2007 DoD SERB : 4 CubeSats 2 Compatible Payloads• 2008 DoD SERB : 7 CubeSats 6 Compatible Payloads• 2009 DoD SERB: 8 CubeSats 5 Compatible Payloads• 2010 DoD SERB: 10 CubeSats 7 Compatible Payload

• CubeSat Potential• Potential for operational use in many mission areas

• SSA, SEM, ISR, and COMM• Several DoD agencies working to build operational

missions

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Directorate CubeSat Activities

• CubeSats on STP Launches• Previously Launched: MEPSI, PSSC, GeneSat, PharmaSat• Missions On-Orbit:

• STP-S26: RAX, O/OREOS, Nanosail-D• Missions selected for Manifest on CRS:

• Tethersat, BK-1, SMDC-TechSat, GROUP-C, PSSC Testbed,TEPCE

• SDTO developing CubeSat Ground System• Funded by SMC/XR & STP• SENSE is first mission with G/S having residual capabilities for

future AF CubeSat mission• Collaborating with SMC/XR on SENSE project

• 2 SSAEM CubeSats• SMC/SD to launch and operate

• STP participating member in the CubeSat Standards Committee• Working to develop standard integration practices and procedures

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Number of SERB CubeSats

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STP CubeSat Manifest Process

STP ISAUX PAYLOAD

INTERFACE

ISSSTP-2 ESPA SS STP-S27 CRS

NPS-CLRAMPART PSat BK1 GROUP-C

STP CubeSat Queue

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Access to STP Services• Space Experiments Review Board (SERB)

• Manifest based on:• SERB rank• Flight opportunities• Mission requirements• Available STP funds

>$10M = SAF/AQS approval<$10M = STP director approval

• Reimbursable flight basis• Manifest based on:

• Flight opportunities • Available manpower• Available customer funds• SMC/CC and HQ AFSPC approval

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Space Experiments Review Board (SERB) Process

Service & Lab SERBs• Rank experiments• Submit to DoD

AF AFRL

Navy

Army

Others

DoD SERB SAF/AQS

DoD SERB• SAF/AQS chairs• Hears 15-min. brieffrom experimenter

• Multi-servicemembership

• Evaluatesmilitary relevance

• Does notevaluate funding

• Experiment may bekept off by maj. vote

SAF/AQS• Approves SERB List• Approves missions >$10M

• AF funding viaCorporate process

• EA for DoD Space

STP• Executes mission• Approves missions <$10M • Satellite bus development• Launch• Operations (1 yr)• Shuttle/ISS ops• Does NOT fund experiments

• Experiments must address operational need

• Strategic S&T investment for DoD

• Military Relevance is 50% of DoD SERB score

STP

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SERB Annual Schedule

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

AFRL SERB

Navy SERB

AF SERB

ARMY SERB

DoD SERB

SERB List

X

X

X

X

XX

Mid SERB

Notional timeline--actual dates dependant on individual organizations

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Service SERB Process

• AFI10-1202, AR70-43, OPNAVINST 3913.1B provides Space Test Program (STP) Management guidance

• Service/Organization level SERBs administered by local directives• Organization/Service determines: board membership, presentation

requirements, scoring criteria• Results and required documentation from service SERB provided

to SAF/AQS

• Air Force Coordinator: • Mr John Cao, AFRL/RVE, ABQ, 505-846-7222, john.cao@kirtland.af.mil

• Navy Coordinator:• LCDR Richard Murphy, DoD STP, ABQ, 505-853-3766, richard.murphy@kirtland.af.mil

• Army Coordinator: • Ms Karen O’Connor, USA ASA ALT, 703-617-0447, karen.oconnor4@us.army.mil

• For all other DoD sponsors contact: • Dr Andrew Birnbaum, SAF/AQS, Washington D.C, 713-588-7379, andrew.birnbaum@pentagon.af.mil

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Path to STP SupportSE

RB

Design Mission and Implement

Manifest Process

Executable STP Mission

Rid

esha

re

ID Shared Roles and

ResponsibilitiesExecutable Rideshare

Rei

mbu

rsab

le

Design Mission andProvide ROM

Executable Reimbursable

Mission

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STP Access to Space• Spaceflight Methods:

• Dedicated Launches• ELVs, sub-orbital sounding rockets, high-altitude balloons, zero-g

flights• Shuttle/International Space Station (ISS)/Other NASA vehicles

• Deployables, payload bay, mid-deck lockers, ISS internal/external• Auxiliaries

• Piggyback payloads: Margin on existing SC• Secondary SC: Margin on existing LV

ISS

Space Shuttle

Sounding rocket

Zero G Flight High-altitude balloonAtlas V Minotaur IV

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Setting Standards through Enablers

Maximize Launch Opportunities using Standardization

• Proactive measures to standardize SC design & construction• Based on 40+ years of lessons learned• Cohesive approach throughout space community

• AFRL, ARMY, DARPA, NASA, NRL, NRO, SMC, along w/contractors and universities

• STP Enablers• EELV Secondary Payload Adapter (ESPA) CLASS SC

• Standard Interface Vehicle (SIV)• Fast Affordable Science & Technology Satellite (FASTSAT)

• Multi-Payload Adapter (MPA) - Minotaur IV• Hydrazine Auxiliary Propulsion System (HAPS) – Minotaur IV• Poly Picosatellite Orbital Deployer (P-PODs) / CubeSat

• Accommodations on multiple LVs/SVs, Space Shuttle• Multi-Mission Space Operations Center (MMSOC) GSA

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Spaceflight Standards (“Enablers”)

SIV(Standard Interface Vehicle)

• ESPA Class SC ≤ 180kg• 1-4 Experiments• Heritage subsystems• Compatible w/ multiple LVs • Compatible w/ MMSOC & AFSCN• Storable until launch identified

ESPA (EELV Secondary Payload Adapter)

• SC weight ≤ 180kg• SC Volume – 35.5” x 28” x 24”• CG Location - < 20’’ from the SSIP• Mechanical Interface – 15”• Electrical: Battery charge/monitor• Fundamental Frequency > 35hz

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FASTSAT: Fast Affordable Science & Technology SATellite(FASTSAT-HSV01)

•Flight of up-to 6 SERB experiments•Sponsor: NASA MSFC•Size: 30” x 27” x 41” tall•Mass: 328 lbs

Spaceflight Standards (“Enablers”)

MPA (Minotaur IV Multi-PL Adapter)

• Holds up to 4 ESPA Class SC• Mass ≤ 180kg• Volume – 35.5” x 28” x 24”• Maximizes lift capability• First demo - STP-S26 ILC May 10

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ESPA-Class Satellite Launch Vehicle Compatibility

Maximize launch opportunities using 180 kg satellites & secondary adapters

Minotaur I

Minotaur IV

EELV Medium (Atlas and Delta) ESPA

PEGASUS

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1 U CubeSat

(Cal Poly1)

Spaceflight Standards (“Enablers”)

Cal Poly P-POD

HAPS(Hydrazine Auxiliary Propulsion

System)• Dual orbits from small LVs• Precise orbit insertion• First demo - STP-S26

Launched 19 Nov 2010

CubeSat Deployers10x10x10 cm cube, ~ 1 kg mass (“1U”)

• LVs: Minotaur I, Minotaur IV, Falcon-9, Rockot, Dnepr, ISS

P-POD on Minotaur INASA Ames Deployer(6U)

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JEM-EF, COL-EPF(Japanese Experiment Module External Facility,

Columbus External Payload Facility)• International Partner external ISS sites• 4 JEM-EF, 2 COL-EPF available to US• Similar to ELC; JEM-EF higher mass• 30-36 month design-to-flight ready

ELC(Express Logistics Carrier)

• Reusable external platforms on the ISS • 8 experiment locations• 500 pounds, > 500 watts• High and Low rate data• 24 month design-to-flight ready

Spaceflight Standards (“Enablers”)

Both OperationalCOL-EPF

JEM-EF

ELC 1 & 2 InstalledDuring STS-129 mission

16 Nov 2009

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CRS(Commercial Resupply Services)

• SpaceX and Orbital Sciences Corp• Pressurized and unpressurized lift• Sample return via SpaceX Dragon• Exploring small sat deployment options

ISS - Pressurized• Internal experiment volume• Express Rack, power and data• Human in the loop testing• 18-24 month design-to-flight ready

Spaceflight Standards (“Enablers”)

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Zenith/Port ELC-3- STP-H3 (Feb 11)

Nadir/Port ELC-1

Columbus EPF- MISSE 6 LWAPA

(return Nov 10)JEM-EF

- HREP (up Sep 09)

Zenith/Star ELC #2- MISSE-7 (return Feb 11)- MISSE-8 (up Feb 11)

Nadir/Star ELC-4(to be installed on STS-133)

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Current/Planned ISS External Payloads

ISS Flying Towards you

AM

S

US Lab- REBR ( 2 up on HTV-2)

-- REBR-1 down on HTV-2-- REBR-2 down on ATV-2

ESP-

3

Expanding ISS Capabilities for Use by DoD/NASA Agencies

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NASA International Partner Vehicles• Japanese H-IIB Transfer Vehicle

• Pressurized and Unpressurized• JEM-EF & ELC payload lift• No return

• European Automated Transfer Vehicle• Pressurized payload lift• No return

• Russian Progress• Pressurized payload lift• No return

• Russian Soyuz• Primarily crew rotation• Very limited payload lift• Very limited sample return

Spaceflight Standards (“Enablers”)

All Operational

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Innovation is Key to Success

DoD STP leads USG Rideshare Working Group

STP Rideshare

• ESPA Standard Service• Standard Interface Vehicle• M-IV Multi-Payload Adapter• PPODs

Reduces:• Risk• Complexity• Cost

Standards

Why Rideshare?

Dedicated Launches are too Expensive

Partnerships Share Cost Burden

Kodiak Star spacecraft suite

PICOSat

PCSat

StarShine

Sapphire

Builds Partnership

Missions

Explores Launch Opportunities:• USG• Commercial• Foreign

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EELV Standard Service

• One ESPA ring to fly a year starting 2012

• Multiple ESPA class SC opportunities a year

• All APLs through STP• Various Orbits• Cost TBD

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Summary

• STP has a history of creating successful collaborative missions to provide experiments and auxiliary payloads with access to space.

• Personnel at STP are experienced at developing creative and cost effective missions designed to maximize government and customer resources.

• Access to STP services either through the SERB process or as a funded reimbursable.

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QUESTIONS?

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Backups

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DoD Space Test Program (STP)

• Chartered by OSD in 1965• First flight in 1967

• Primary provider of mission design, s/c acquisition, integration, launch, and on-orbit ops for DoD and DoDsponsored space experiments, technologies & demos• Ability to provide all spaceflight

services except the experiment itself

• Single manager for all DoD payloads on the Space Shuttle and ISS

• Designated AFSPC’s “Front door” for all auxiliary payloads seeking flight opportunities on DoD missions

STP has flown 507 experiments on Over 212 missions since 1967 (As of 4 April 11)

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Advocacy

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Operational UtilityHICO WindSat

Haiti Jan 2010

Hurricane KarlSept 2010ARTEMIS (TacSat-3)

National MallWashington, DC

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STP Impact to Operations

S&T STP Operational System

“Technology developed in S&T or procured from industry or other sources shall have been demonstrated in a relevant environment or, preferably, in an operational environment to be considered mature enough to use for product development.” - DoDI 5000.02

STP can support TRL-4 to TRL-6/7 development

“The project shall exit the Technology Development Phase when … the technology and manufacturing processes for that program or increment have been assessed and demonstrated in a relevant environment …” - DoDI 5000.02

Advanced RaDeC(Operational)

SAVE(Risk Reduction Experiment)

SABRS(Operational)

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STP is THE Enabler of Responsive Space

Laun

ch

ESPA M-IV MPA M-IV HAPS Human Space Flt

Spac

e Ve

hicl

es

SIV FASTSat CubeSats

Tech

nolo

gy

On-Orbit Reprogrammable

Processor

CFE

Advanced Materials

MISSERAMPART

Rapid Prototype Spacecraft

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Outreach

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SC Acquisition• Active Contract for SIV• Access to other SV

Contracts• Experienced Team

Launch Support• Contracts executed

through SDL or NASA• Rideshare with Gov or

Commercial Partners

STP Areas of Expertise:Mission Planning and Execution

All phases of mission planning, acquisition, execution, and operations can be conducted exclusively within STP or SMC/SD

Initial Mission Planning

• Requirements Definition

• Mission Design

• Rideshare Opportunities

System Engineering and Program Management

• SV/LV Selection

• Contract Initiation

• Execution through all phases of program Operations

• Testing through on-orbit ops all in-house

• Rapid transition to Operations through RSC and SOC 11

45 Years Experience

212 Missions 507 Experiments

And Counting…

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STP Areas of Expertise:Access To Multiple Space Vehicles

STP has experience with all sizes and complexity of space missions

Smal

l Sa

telli

tes

SIV FASTSat CubeSats

Med

ium

to

Larg

e SC

Custom SpacecraftAccess To Multiple Contract Vehicles

Academy/University

STPSat-2 FalconSat-5

C/NOFS Coriolis

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STP-Standard Interface Vehicle (SIV) Overview

Small SC:• ESPA class (<180kg)• IDIQ contract• 400-850km• Reliable & low risk• Experience team

PL Interface:• Flexible design• Easy integration• Standard interfaces• 100W, 60kg for PL

Operations:•MMSOC and AFSCN compatible

Launch:•Multiple LV compatibility

•Storable until launch

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STP Areas of Expertise:Launch

STP’s experience and access to spaceflight enablers allow for responsive and cost effective launch solutions

M-IV MPA

CubeSatDeployers

Expendable Launch Human Space Flight

JEM EFESPA-SS

ExPA

International Launch

CRS

HTVATV

Soyuz

Sub-Orbital

HAPS

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Orbital Express

• Complex on-orbit rendezvous and prox ops

C/NOFS

• 1 year experimental ops transitioned to provide operational data

• Data now used by multiple gov/mil agencies

STPSat-2

• Acquisition Team Participates in Ops Rehearsals

• SCA held by STP Director• Ground Station Developed

in SMC/SD

STP Areas of Expertise:Operations

SMC/SD has the unique capability of allowing responsive, in-houseaccess to the SC operators

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Interagency

•History of cooperative satellite ops with NASA and other gov agencies

CubeSats

• In-house CubeSat ops capability in work

•Access to multiple ground station options

End-to-End Support

• Acquisition Team Participates in Ops Rehearsals

• SCA held by STPDirector

• Ground Station Developed in SMC/SD

STP Areas of Expertise:Operations

SMC/SD has the unique capability of allowing responsive, in-houseaccess to the SC operators

CloudSat

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STP Areas of Expertise:Rideshare

Government Rideshare

• STP can forge bonds across multiple Gov organizations

DoD Rideshare

• SERB experiments can augment/increase the operational capability for low or no cost

Commercial Rideshare

• Contract for DoDcommercial space access in development by STP

API on AEHFCMEWS on NASA STEREO Others

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STP Areas of Expertise:Rideshare

Hosted Payloads Launch Rideshare Commercial Rideshare

• Enable rapid access to space through commercial means

• Contract to be accessible to other gov agencies

*Contract for Commercial Space Access in Development by STP

CMEWS on NASA STEREO

Others

Augmenting Prime Mission

FASTSat

Lower Cost

Mission Partnership

ESPA on STP-1

MaximizingMargin

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Tech Demo

SASSA•On-orbit proof of concept

•Flexible on-orbit testing

Transition to Commercial

Product

MPACS•Design to space fltto commercial product

•Abbreviated timeline

•Continued manufacturing base

Risk Reduction

SAVE•Repackage complex system

•Reduced SWAP

•Lower integration cost

Operational Transition

C/NOFS•On-orbit proof of concept

•Significant value-added to warfighter

•Sensors being included in next-gen systems

Planned Operational

Use

TacSat-3•Exp. direct to operations

•Highly responsive

•New capability direct to warfighter

Tech Transition

Risk Reduction and T2 can be accomplished most effectively through either the SERB or STP partnership

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Partnership Opportunities

STPSat-3

Flt Ready: FY12Projected Launch: FY13

GEO

Possible Rideshare or hosted PL

STP-2

Possible Prime PL or Open ESPA Slots

ESPA SS

1 ESPA Ring/yr• Starting in FY-13

STPSat-4

Future STP Satellite:• Possible bulk buy or rideshare

Commercial Rideshare

BAA : Available to reimbursable customers

Others

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CubeSats

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BAA

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Motivation

• The number of SERB experiments is increasing every year

• The STP budget is decreasing based on inflation adjustments

• Technical demands of high ranked SERB experiments drive costs, limiting funds for lower ranked experiments

• Elimination of the shuttle significantly impacts low cost flight opportunities

• Commercial Rideshare appears to expand access to space with comparable costs

STP needs additional cost effective opportunities for access to space

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Top Level Strategy

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..

DOD SERB

Acq StrategyFor Representative Set of Experiments

Acq Strategy for Long Term Commercial Hosting Arrangements

Future Contracts

• Dedicated Missions• Shuttle/ISS• Auxiliaries

2012 2014 2016

STP Payloads Commercially Hosted

BAA: New Capability Development / Study

TBD: Sustainable Capability

Hosted PayloadsCurrent

Future

Method

Overarching (Program Top Level) Strategy

Space Vehicle Payloads

Contracted Studies

2010 SERB List73 Experiments

STP Spaceflight

Develop Commercial Capability

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SERB Growth

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Experiment Growth over 11 years

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

FY90 FY91 FY92 FY93 FY94 FY95 FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11

FY10

Dol

lars

(In M

illio

ns)

SERB Experiments Linear (SERB Experiments)

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STP Warfighter Impact

Infusion Pump A pocket-sized intravenous (IV) fluid pump used to infuse wounded personnel in forward areas without the need for a large elevated IV bag

Life Support for Trauma Transport (LSTAT) A 21st century stretcher containing medical technologies of modern ICUs including remote patient monitoring and care devices

Chitosan BandagesThese bandages actively clot wounds without direct pressure to stem blood loss, the leading cause of battlefield casualties. On STS-118, Aug ‘07 CCM-A took the raw cytokines in Chitosan to test their unique antibacterial effects, expanding upon this fielded technology

LSTAT(30 deployed)

InfusionPump (10,000 in service)

HEMCON bandages (1 ea. every service memberIn Iraq and Afghanistan)

STP Technologies Impacting Tactical Operations Today