spatial and temporal database

8/7/2019 Spatial and Temporal Database

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WrnpmnhNe`

Pdaroznh @npnjnwd

J}(

I%WNPFMWFITANZ(

C%WTJJN ZD@@]%


2/44

Mepzo`tgpmoe

Ane} nrrhmgnpmoew me |nzmotw lmdh`w

zd~tmzd anencdadep olcdoadpzmg(cdocznrfmg oz wrnpmnh `npn &`npn

zdhnpd` po wrngd-

N cdocznrfmg wrngd; wtzlngd ol pfd dnzpf

Ane!an`d wrngd; hn}otp ol \HWM `dwmce

7!@ wrngd zdrzdwdepnpmoe ol pfd gfnmew ol

rzopdme aohdgthdw


3/44

Sfnp mw n Wrnpmnh @npnjnwd? N wrnpmnh `npnjnwd w}wpda;

Mw n `npnjnwd w}wpda &smpf n``mpmoenhgnrnjmhmpmdw loz fne`hmec wrnpmnh `npn-

Olldzw wrnpmnh `npn p}rdw &W@Pw- me mpw `npn

ao`dh ne` ~tdz} hnectncd

Wpztgptzd me wrngd; d%c%( ROMEP( HMED(

ZDCMOE

Zdhnpmoewfmrw naoec pfda; d%c%( n mepdzwdgpw j


4/44

Sfnp mw Wrnpmnh `npn? @npn sfmgf `dwgzmjdw dmpfdz hognpmoe oz

wfnrd

d%c% Fotwd oz Lmzd F}`znep hognpmoe(

Zon`w( Zm|dzw( Rmrdhmedw( Rosdz hmedw

Lozdwpw( Rnziw(%%(dpg%

Me pfd njwpzngp |mds ol pfd goartpdz( pfdwddepmpmdw nzd zdrzdwdepd` nw Romepw( Hmedw( ne`

Roh}coew%


5/44

Zdrzdwdepnpmoe ol Cdoadpzmg Goewpztgpw


6/44

Zon`w nzd zdrzdwdepd` nw Hmedw

Anmh Jovdw nzd zdrzdwdepd` nw Romepw


7/44

Pormg Pfzdd

Hne` Twd Ghnwwmlmgnpmoew nzd

zdrzdwdepd` nw Roh}coew


8/44

Pormg Pfzdd

Goajmenpmoe ol nhh pfd rzd|motw `npn


9/44

Wrnpmnh Zdhnpmoewfmrw Porohocmgnh zdhnpmoewfmrw

@mwkomep( potgf( o|dzhnr( me(

go|dz( d~tnh

@mzdgpmoe zdhnpmoewfmrw

Njo|d( jdhos( eozpf_ol(

wotpfsdwp_ol(

Adpzmg zdhnpmoewfmrw

@mwpnegd


10/44

Wrnpmnh Zdhnpmoewfmrw

@mwpnegd po |nzmotw rtjw


11/44


N`kngdeg}; Nhh pfd hopw sfmgf wfnzd ne d`cd


12/44

Goeedgpm|mp}; Pzmjtpnz} zdhnpmoewfmrw me zm|dz edpsoziw


13/44


Goepnmeadep; Zm|dzw mewm`d snpdzwfd`w ne` hne`

&mwhne`w- mewm`d hnidw


14/44

Aowp Ozcnem{npmoew fn|d Wrnpmnh @npn

Gtwpoadz hognpmoe

Wpozd hognpmoew Pznewrozpnpmoe pzngimec

Wpnpmwpmgnh/@daocznrfmg

Gnzpocznrf}

Drm`damohoc}

Gzmad rnppdzew

Sdnpfdz Melozanpmoe

Hne` foh`mecw Enptznh zdwotzgdw

Gmp} Rhneemec

De|mzoeadepnh rhneemec

Melozanpmoe \mwtnhm{npmoe

Fn{nz` `dpdgpmoe


15/44

Sf} rtp wrnpmnh `npn me n Z@JAW? Wrnpmnh `npn mw twtnhh} zdhnpd` po opfdz p}rdw

ol `npn% Nhhosw oed po adzcd aozd goarhdv

wrnpmnh zdhnpmoewfmrw%

Zm|dz ; lhos( pdardznptzd( lmwf rzdwdegd( gfdamgnh

goegdepznpmoew Lozdwpd` Nzdn ; aoedpnz} |nhtd( p}rdw ol pzddw(

osedzwfmr


16/44

N`|nepncdw ol Wrnpmnh @npnjnwdwNjhd po pzdnp }otz wrnpmnh `npn hmid ne}pfmec dhwd me pfd @J

pznewngpmoew

Jngitrw

hdww `npn zd`te`neg}

lte`nadepnh ozcnem{npmoe ne` ordznpmoew fne`hd` j} pfd @J

athpm!twdz wtrrozp

wdgtzmp}/nggdww goepzoh

hogimec


17/44

Wrnpmnh ^tdz}mec Twmec W^Htwd wmarhd W^H dvrzdwwmoew po `dpdzamed wrnpmnh

zdhnpmoewfmrw

`mwpnegd

n`kngdeg}

goepnmeadep

twd wmarhd W^H dvrzdwwmoew po rdzloza wrnpmnh

ordznpmoew

nzdn

hdecpf

mepdzwdgpmoe

temoe

jtlldz


18/44

Ozmcmenh Roh}coew

Temoe Mepdzwdgpmoe


19/44

N`|nepncdw ol Wrnpmnh @npnjnwdw

SFDZD `mwpnegd&8ad5(rtj_hog- 8 >222

WDHDGP `mwpnegd&8ad5(rtj_hog-+$2%2> ) jddz_gowp

%%% SFDZD potgfdw&rtj_hog( wpzddp-

SFDZD mewm`d&rtj_hog(gmp}_nzdn- ne` gmp}_enad 1 %%%


20/44

N`|nepncdw ol Wrnpmnh @npnjnwdw

Wmarhd |nhtd ol pfd rzorowd` hop

Nzdn&8a} hop5- + 8rzmgd rdz ngzd5) nzdn&mepdzwdgp&8a} hoc5(8lozdwpd` nzdn5- - + 8soo` |nhtd rdz ngzd5

! `mwpnegd&8a} hop5( 8rosdz hmedw5- + 8gowp ol rosdz hmed hn}mec5


21/44

Eds Dhdgpoznh @mwpzmgpw

Gfnecdw me nzdnw jdpsdde >==< ne`

:22> dhdgpmoe%

Snep po rzd`mgp |opmec me :22> j}

hooimec np |opmec me >== `mwpzmgp roh}coe smpfpfd |opmec nzdnw roh}coew%

Otpwm`d smhh fn|d {dzo nzdn

Mewm`d smhh fn|d >22$ nzdn

Oe pfd joz`dz smhh fn|d rnzpmnh nzdn

Athpmrh} pfd $ nzdn j} >==< ngptnh

|opmec ne` wta Zdwthp mw n wmarhd rzd`mgpmoe ol :22>

|opmec

Aozd n`|negd`; nhwo twd `daocznrfmg

`npn%


22/44

@mwn`|nepncdw ol Wrnpmnh @npnjnwdw

Gowp po marhdadep gne jd fmcf

Woad melhdvmjmhmp} Megoarnpmjmhmpmdw smpf woad CMW wolpsnzd

Whosdz pfne hognh( wrdgmnhm{d` `npn wpztgptzdw

Twdz/anencdzmnh medvrdzmdegd ne` gntpmoe


23/44

Wrnpmnh @npnjnwd Olldzmecw

DWZM NzgW@D &oe por ol wd|dznh `mlldzdep @Jw-

Oznghd Wrnpmnh MJA @J: Wrnpmnh Dvpde`dz

Melozamv Wrnpmnh @npnJhn`d

AW W^H Wdz|dz &smpf DWZM W@D- Cdoad`mn oe AW Nggdww

RowpCMW / RowpczdW^H


24/44

Z!Pzdd Me`dvmec

Cdedznhm{d nhh pfd cdoadpzmdw po pfdmz jote`mec

jov%wanhh po wpozdordznpmoew nzd wmarhd

P}rmgnh wdnzgf mw po lme` nhh pfd ojkdgpw pfnp

o|dzhnr n jov Zdwthp mw ne nrrzovmanpmoe

poo ane} ldnptzdw nzd zdptzed`

Twd` po woh|d o|dzhnr ne` `mwpnegd rzojhdaw


25/44


26/44

@m|mwmoe ol Wrngd j} n i!` Pzdd


27/44

@m|mwmoe ol Wrngd j} ^tn`pzddw


28/44

W^H dvnarhd

Gzdnpd rtjw pnjhd

gzdnpd pnjhd rtjw &enad |nzgfnz(

jddz_rzmgd lhonp0-9

n``cdoadpz}gohtae&jddz_`j(#rtjw#(#hognpmoe

(:>


29/44

Mewdzp `npn

mewdzp mepo rtjw |nhtdw Cnzzmgiw Fdn`#(0%42(Cdoadpz}LzoaPdvp&

#ROMEP &>>=7> 7677:0-(:>


30/44

Rdzloza ^tdz}

wdhdgp enad( jddz_rzmgd(

`mwpnegd&hognpmoe( Cdoadpz}LzoaPdvpROMEP&>>=43::

767640-#(:>060%>2:34>

Pfd Lozcd x 0%77 x >477%22=62>>03%:2=22020

Jhngi Wfddr x 0%


31/44

Rdzloza ^tdz}

wdhdgp enad( jddz_rzmgd ) 2%22> + `mwpnegd&hognpmoe(

Cdoadpz}LzoaPdvpROMEP&>>=43:: 767640-#(:>24=

Pfd Lozcd x 4%6


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Pdaroznh @npnjnwd


33/44

Mepzo`tgpmoe Pdaroznh `npnjnwd wpozdw `npn zdhnpmec po

pmad mewpnegdw%

Aowp nrrhmgnpmoew ol `npnjnwd pdgfeohoc}

nzd pdaroznh me enptzd;

Lmenegmnh nrrw%; rozplohmo anencdadep(

nggotepmec , jneimecZdgoz`!iddrmec nrrw%; rdzwoeedh( ad`mgnh

zdgoz` ne` me|depoz} anencdadep

Wgmdepmlmg nrrw%; sdnpfdz aoempozmec


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@dlmempmoe

Pdaroznh @JAW anencdw pmad!zdldzdegd`

`npn( ne` pmadw nzd nwwogmnpd` smpf `npnjnwd

depmpmdw%

Pdaroznh `npnjnwdw( degoarnww nhh @J

nrrhmgnpmoew pfnp zd~tmzd woad nwrdgp olpmad sfde ozcnem{mec pfdmz melozanpmoe%


35/44

Lngp Ne} hocmgnh wpnpdadep pfne gne

adnemeclthh} jd nwwmced` n pztpf |nhtd( m%d%(

pfnp mw dmpfdz pztd oz lnhwd

\nhm` Pmad &|p-

\nhm` pmad mw pfd gohhdgpd` pmadw sfde pfd lngp

mw pztdRowwmjh} wrneemec pfd rnwp( rzdwdep , ltptzd

D|dz} lngp fnw n |nhm` pmad


36/44

LngpYGoepQ Pznewngpmoe Pmad &pp-

Pfd pmad pfnp n lngp mw gtzzdep me pfd `npnjnwd

An}jd nwwogmnpd` smpf ne} `npnjnwd depmp}( eop

oeh} smpf lngpw

PP ol ne depmp} fnw n `tznpmoe; lzoa mewdzpmoe po

`dhdpmoe@dhdpmoe mw rtzd hocmgnh ordznpmoe


37/44

@mlldzdep Lozaw ol Pdaroznh @npnjnwdw Nfmwpozmgnh`npnjnwd wpozdw `npn smpf

zdwrdgp po |nhm` pmad%

Nzohhjngi `npnjnwd wpozdw `npn smpf

zdwrdgp po pznewngpmoe pmad%

Njmpdaroznh`npnjnwd wpozdw `npn smpf

zdwrdgp po jopf |nhm` ne` pznewngpmoe pmad


38/44

ORDZNPOZW

Pdaroznh ordznpozw;

JDCME&N-( DE@&N-

P_JDLOZD&N(J-

MEPDZ\NH &wpnzp!pmad( de`!pmad-


39/44

Dvnarhd;


40/44

Pdaroznh Pnjhdw Pso p}rdw ol pdaroznh pnjhdw;

d|deppnjhdw( sfmgf foh` mewpnep

pmadwpnarw( ne`

wpnpdpnjhdw( sfmgf foh` mepdz|nh

pmadwpnarw%


41/44

Wohtpmoew me `d|dhormec n Pdaroznh @npnjnwd

>% Twd pfd p}rd `npd rzo|m`d` j} n eoe!pdaroznh

&ne} goaadzgmnh- @JAW%

:% Dvpde` n eoe!pdaroznh `npn ao`dh po n

pdaroznh `npn ao`dh j} nppngfmec pmad

nppzmjtpdw po dngf `npn%

7% @d|dhor n eds pdaroznh `npnjnwd w}wpda lzoawgznpgf pfnp rzo|m`dw n rzmampm|d `npn p}rd pmad

ne` fne`hdw pfd `mlldzdep wpnpdw/pmad mewpnegdw

ol `npn jdmec wpozd`%


42/44

Romep P}rd ol mepdz|nhw Me otz pdaroznh `npn ao`dh( pmadromepw smh

h fn|d oeh} n wmechd cznethnzmp}( sfmgf mw np

pfd wanhhdwp hd|dh ol mepdzdwp me pfd @Jnrrhmgnpmoew%

DV; Ml cznethnzmp} mw oed `n}( pfde sd gne wn}

pfnp pfd pmadromepw nzd nhh |nhtdw ol p}rd @NPD( ne` p}rd @NPD mw pfd romep p}rd ol

mepdz|nhw%


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Loh` ordznpmoe Ordznpozw wtgf nw Temoe( @mlldzdegd( Rzokdgpmoe(

ne` Gnzpdwmne rzo`tgpol pfd wpne`nz` zdhnpmoenh

ao`dh zdanme pfd wnad me pfd |nhm`!pmad pdaroznh`npn ao`dh%

Jdwm`dw( pfdzd oed marozpnep ordznpoz pfnp soziw

oe pdaroznh zdhnpmoew;loh`%

Ptrhdw me n pdaroznh zdhnpmoe pfnp nczdd oe pfd

dvrhmgmp nppzmjtpd |nhtdw ne` pfnp fn|d n`kngdepoz

o|dzhnrrmec pmad mepdz|nhw nzd gne`m`npdw loz

loh`mec%


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Goeghtwmoew

Wrnpmo!Pdaroznh Melozanpmoe w}wpdaw marzo|d

pfd dvmwpmec wrnpmnh melozanpmoe w}wpda j}fne`hmec pdaroznh melozanpmoe%

Wrnpmnh `npnjnwdw sfmgf `dwgzmjdw dmpfdz

hognpmoe oz wfnrd%

Pdaroznh `npnjnwd wpozdw `npn zdhnpmec po pmad

mewpnegdw%

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